19-0410; Rev 3; 7/96

±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,

Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
_______________General Description ____________________________Features

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
The MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX485E, MAX487E–MAX491E, ♦ ESD Protection: ±15kV—Human Body Model
and MAX1487E are low-power transceivers for RS-485 and ♦ Slew-Rate Limited for Error-Free Data
RS-422 communications in harsh environments. Each driver
output and receiver input is protected against ±15kV electro- Transmission (MAX483E/487E/488E/489E)
static discharge (ESD) shocks, without latchup. These parts ♦ Low Quiescent Current:
contain one driver and one receiver. The MAX483E,
MAX487E, MAX488E, and MAX489E feature reduced slew- 120µA (MAX483E/487E/488E/489E)
rate drivers that minimize EMI and reduce reflections caused 230µA (MAX1487E)
by improperly terminated cables, thus allowing error-free 300µA (MAX481E/485E/490E/491E)
data transmission up to 250kbps. The driver slew rates of the ♦ -7V to +12V Common-Mode Input Voltage Range
MAX481E, MAX485E, MAX490E, MAX491E, and MAX1487E
are not limited, allowing them to transmit up to 2.5Mbps. ♦ Three-State Outputs
These transceivers draw as little as 120µA supply current ♦ 30ns Propagation Delays, 5ns Skew
when unloaded or when fully loaded with disabled drivers (MAX481E/485E/490E/491E/1487E)
(see Selection Table ). Additionally, the MAX481E,
MAX483E, and MAX487E have a low-current shutdown ♦ Full-Duplex and Half-Duplex Versions Available
mode in which they consume only 0.5µA. All parts operate ♦ Allows up to 128 Transceivers on the Bus
from a single +5V supply.
(MAX487E/MAX1487E)
Drivers are short-circuit current limited, and are protected
against excessive power dissipation by thermal shutdown ♦ Current Limiting and Thermal Shutdown for
circuitry that places their outputs into a high-impedance Driver Overload Protection
state. The receiver input has a fail-safe feature that guaran-
tees a logic-high output if the input is open circuit.
The MAX487E and MAX1487E feature quarter-unit-load
receiver input impedance, allowing up to 128 transceivers
on the bus. The MAX488E–MAX491E are designed for full- ______________Ordering Information
duplex communications, while the MAX481E, MAX483E,
MAX485E, MAX487E, and MAX1487E are designed for half- PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
duplex applications. For applications that are not ESD sen-
sitive see the pin- and function-compatible MAX481, MAX481ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX483, MAX485, MAX487–MAX491, and MAX1487. MAX481ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO
MAX481EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP
________________________Applications
MAX481EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO
Low-Power RS-485 Transceivers
Low-Power RS-422 Transceivers Ordering Information continued on last page.
Level Translators
Transceivers for EMI-Sensitive Applications
Industrial-Control Local Area Networks
______________________________________________________________Selection Table
RECEIVER/ QUIESCENT NUMBER OF
PART HALF/FULL DATA RATE SLEW-RATE LOW-POWER DRIVER CURRENT TRANSMITTERS PIN
NUMBER DUPLEX (Mbps) LIMITED SHUTDOWN ENABLE (µA) ON BUS COUNT

MAX481E Half 2.5 No Yes Yes 300 32 8

MAX483E Half 0.25 Yes Yes Yes 120 32 8
MAX485E Half 2.5 No No Yes 300 32 8
MAX487E Half 0.25 Yes Yes Yes 120 128 8
MAX488E Full 0.25 Yes No No 120 32 8
MAX489E Full 0.25 Yes No Yes 120 32 14
MAX490E Full 2.5 No No No 300 32 8
MAX491E Full 2.5 No No Yes 300 32 14
MAX1487E Half 2.5 No No Yes 230 128 8

________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1

For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

Supply Voltage (VCC) .............................................................12V 14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C) ..800mW
–—–
Control Input Voltage (RE , DE)...................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V) 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C).................471mW
Driver Input Voltage (DI).............................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V) 14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)...............667mW
Driver Output Voltage (Y, Z; A, B) ..........................-8V to +12.5V Operating Temperature Ranges
Receiver Input Voltage (A, B).................................-8V to +12.5V MAX4_ _C_ _/MAX1487EC_ A .............................0°C to +70°C
Receiver Output Voltage (RO)....................-0.5V to (VCC + 0.5V) MAX4_ _E_ _/MAX1487EE_ A...........................-40°C to +85°C
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C
8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ....727mW Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300°C

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Differential Driver Output (no load) VOD1 5 V
Differential Driver Output R = 50Ω (RS-422) 2
VOD2 V
(with load) R = 27Ω (RS-485), Figure 8 1.5 5
Change in Magnitude of Driver
Differential Output Voltage for ∆VOD R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 8 0.2 V
Complementary Output States
Driver Common-Mode Output
VOC R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 8 3 V
Voltage
Change in Magnitude of Driver
Common-Mode Output Voltage ∆VOD R = 27Ω or 50Ω, Figure 8 0.2 V
for Complementary Output States
–—–
Input High Voltage VIH DE, DI, RE 2.0 V
–—–
Input Low Voltage VIL DE, DI, RE 0.8 V
–—–
Input Current IIN1 DE, DI, RE ±2 µA
DE = 0V;
VIN = 12V 1.0
VCC = 0V or 5.25V,
mA
Input Current all devices except
IIN2 VIN = -7V -0.8
(A, B) MAX487E/MAX1487E
MAX487E/MAX1487E, VIN = 12V 0.25
mA
DE = 0V, VCC = 0V or 5.25V VIN = -7V -0.2
Receiver Differential Threshold
VTH -7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V -0.2 0.2 V
Voltage
Receiver Input Hysteresis ∆VTH VCM = 0V 70 mV
Receiver Output High Voltage VOH IO = -4mA, VID = 200mV 3.5 V
Receiver Output Low Voltage VOL IO = 4mA, VID = -200mV 0.4 V
Three-State (high impedance)
IOZR 0.4V ≤ VO ≤ 2.4V ±1 µA
Output Current at Receiver
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, all devices except
12 kΩ
MAX487E/MAX1487E
Receiver Input Resistance RIN
-7V ≤ VCM ≤ 12V, MAX487E/MAX1487E 48 kΩ

2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX488E/MAX489E,
–—– 120 250
DE, DI, RE = 0V or VCC
MAX490E/MAX491E,
–—– 300 500
DE, DI, RE = 0V or VCC
MAX481E/MAX485E, DE = VCC 500 900
No-Load Supply Current –—–
ICC RE = 0V or VCC DE = 0V 300 500 µA
(Note 3)
MAX1487E, DE = VCC 300 500
–—–
RE = 0V or VCC DE = 0V 230 400
MAX483E 350 650
MAX483E/MAX487E, DE = VCC
–—– MAX487E 250 400
RE = 0V or VCC
DE = 0V 120 250
–—–
Supply Current in Shutdown ISHDN MAX481E/483E/487E, DE = 0V, RE = VCC 0.5 10 µA
Driver Short-Circuit Current,
IOSD1 -7V ≤ VO ≤12V (Note 4) 35 250 mA
VO = High
Driver Short-Circuit Current,
IOSD2 -7V ≤ VO ≤12V (Note 4) 35 250 mA
VO = Low
Receiver Short-Circuit Current IOSR 0V ≤ VO ≤ VCC 7 95 mA
ESD Protection A, B, Y and Z pins, tested using Human Body Model ±15 kV

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX481E/MAX485E, MAX490E/MAX491E, MAX1487E

(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
tPLH Figures 10 and 12, RDIFF = 54Ω, 10 40 60
Driver Input to Output ns
tPHL CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 10 40 60
Driver Output Skew to Output tSKEW Figures 10 and 12, RDIFF = 54Ω, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 5 10 ns
Figures 10 and 12, MAX481E, MAX485E, MAX1487E 3 20 40
Driver Rise or Fall Time tR, tF RDIFF = 54Ω, ns
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF MAX490EC/E, MAX491EC/E 5 20 25
Driver Enable to Output High tZH Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S2 closed 45 70 ns
Driver Enable to Output Low tZL Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 45 70 ns
Driver Disable Time from Low tLZ Figures 11 and 13, CL = 15pF, S1 closed 45 70 ns
Driver Disable Time from High tHZ Figures 11 and 13, CL = 15pF, S2 closed 45 70 ns
Figures 10 and 14, MAX481E, MAX485E, MAX1487E 20 60 200
Receiver Input to Output tPLH, tPHL RDIFF = 54Ω, ns
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF MAX490EC/E, MAX491EC/E 20 60 150
| tPLH - tPHL | Differential tSKD
Figures 10 and 14, RDIFF = 54Ω,
5 ns
Receiver Skew CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
Receiver Enable to Output Low tZL Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed 20 50 ns
Receiver Enable to Output High tZH Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed 20 50 ns
Receiver Disable Time from Low tLZ Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed 20 50 ns
Receiver Disable Time from High tHZ Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed 20 50 ns
Maximum Data Rate fMAX 2.5 Mbps
Time to Shutdown tSHDN MAX481E (Note 5) 50 200 600 ns

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX481E/MAX485E, MAX490E/MAX491E, MAX1487E
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

(continued)
(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Driver Enable from Shutdown to
tZH(SHDN) Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S2 closed 45 100 ns
Output High (MAX481E)
Driver Enable from Shutdown to
tZL(SHDN) Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 45 100 ns
Output Low (MAX481E)
Receiver Enable from Shutdown Figures 9 and 15, CL = 15pF, S2 closed,
tZH(SHDN) 225 1000 ns
to Output High (MAX481E) A - B = 2V
Receiver Enable from Shutdown Figures 9 and 15, CL = 15pF, S1 closed,
tZL(SHDN) 225 1000 ns
to Output Low (MAX481E) B - A = 2V

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX483E, MAX487E/MAX488E/MAX489E

(VCC = 5V ±5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
tPLH Figures 10 and 12, RDIFF = 54Ω, 250 800 2000
Driver Input to Output ns
tPHL CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 250 800 2000
Figures 10 and 12, RDIFF = 54Ω,
Driver Output Skew to Output tSKEW 20 800 ns
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
Figures 10 and 12, RDIFF = 54Ω,
Driver Rise or Fall Time tR, tF 250 2000 ns
CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
Driver Enable to Output High tZH Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S2 closed 250 2000 ns
Driver Enable to Output Low tZL Figures 11 and 13, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 250 2000 ns
Driver Disable Time from Low tLZ Figures 11 and 13, CL = 15pF, S1 closed 300 3000 ns
Driver Disable Time from High tHZ Figures 11 and 13, CL = 15pF, S2 closed 300 3000 ns
tPLH Figures 10 and 14, RDIFF = 54Ω, 250 2000
Receiver Input to Output ns
tPHL CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 250 2000
I tPLH - tPHL I Differential tSKD
Figures 10 and 14, RDIFF = 54Ω,
100 ns
Receiver Skew CL1 = CL2 = 100pF
Receiver Enable to Output Low tZL Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed 25 50 ns
Receiver Enable to Output High tZH Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed 25 50 ns
Receiver Disable Time from Low tLZ Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S1 closed 25 50 ns
Receiver Disable Time from High tHZ Figures 9 and 15, CRL = 15pF, S2 closed 25 50 ns
Maximum Data Rate fMAX tPLH, tPHL < 50% of data period 250 kbps
Time to Shutdown tSHDN MAX483E/MAX487E (Note 5) 50 200 600 ns
Driver Enable from Shutdown to MAX483E/MAX487E, Figures 11 and 13,
tZH(SHDN) 2000 ns
Output High CL = 100pF, S2 closed
Driver Enable from Shutdown to MAX483E/MAX487E, Figures 11 and 13,
tZL(SHDN) 2000 ns
Output Low CL = 100pF, S1 closed
Receiver Enable from Shutdown MAX483E/MAX487E, Figures 9 and 15,
tZH(SHDN) 2500 ns
to Output High CL = 15pF, S2 closed
Receiver Enable from Shutdown MAX483E/MAX487E, Figures 9 and 15,
tZL(SHDN) 2500 ns
to Output Low CL = 15pF, S1 closed

4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
NOTES FOR ELECTRICAL/SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
Note 1: All currents into device pins are positive; all currents out of device pins are negative. All voltages are referenced to device
ground unless otherwise specified.
Note 2: All typical specifications are given for VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C.
Note 3: Supply current specification is valid for loaded transmitters when DE = 0V.
Note 4: Applies to peak current. See Typical Operating Characteristics.
–—–
Note 5: The MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX487E are put into shutdown by bringing RE high and DE low. If the inputs are in this state for
less than 50ns, the parts are guaranteed not to enter shutdown. If the inputs are in this state for at least 600ns, the parts are
guaranteed to have entered shutdown. See Low-Power Shutdown Mode section.

__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics

(VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

OUTPUT CURRENT vs. OUTPUT CURRENT vs. RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
50 -25 4.8
MAX481E-01

MAX481E-02

MAX481E-03
45 4.6
IRO = 8mA
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)

40 -20 4.4
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

35
4.2
30 -15
4.0
25
3.8
20 -10
15 3.6

10 -5 3.4

5 3.2
0 0 3.0
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (°C)

RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT vs.

vs. TEMPERATURE DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
0.9 90
MAX481E-04

MAX481E-05

0.8 80
IRO = 8mA
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)

0.7 70
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

0.6 60
0.5 50
0.4 40

0.3 30

0.2 20
0.1 10
0 0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
TEMPERATURE (°C) DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

(VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)

DRIVER DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT OUTPUT CURRENT vs. OUTPUT CURRENT vs.

VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE DRIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE DRIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
2.3 140 -100

MAX481E-07

MAX481E-08
MAX481E-06

R = 54Ω
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

2.2 -90
120
-80
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)

2.1
100 -70
2.0
-60
80
1.9 -50
60
1.8 -40

40 -30
1.7
-20
1.6 20
-10
1.5 0 0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6
TEMPERATURE (°C) OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)

MAX481E/MAX485E/MAX490E/MAX491E MAX483E/MAX487E–MAX489E MAX1487E

SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
600 600 600
MAX481E-09

MAX481E-11
MAX481E-10

MAX481E/MAX485E; DE = VCC, RE = X

500 500 500

SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)

SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)

SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)

400 400 MAX483E; DE = VCC, RE = X 400

MAX1487E; DE = VCC, RE = X
300 300 300
MAX487E; DE = VCC, RE = X
MAX485E; DE = 0, RE = X,
MAX481E; DE = RE = 0
200 MAX490E/MAX491E; DE = RE = X 200 MAX483E/MAX487E; DE = RE = 0, 200
MAX1487E; DE = 0V, RE = X
MAX488E/MAX489E; DE = RE = X
100 100 100
MAX481E; DE = 0, RE = VCC MAX483E/MAX487E; DE = 0, RE = VCC
0 0 0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C) TEMPERATURE (°C)

6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
______________________________________________________________Pin Description

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
PIN

MAX481E/MAX483E NAME FUNCTION

MAX488E MAX489E
MAX485E/MAX487E
MAX490E MAX491E
MAX1487E

Receiver Output: If A > B by 200mV, RO will be high;

1 2 2 RO
If A < B by 200mV, RO will be low.
–—–
–—– Receiver Output Enable. RO is enabled when RE is
2 — 3 RE –—–
low; RO is high impedance when RE is high.

Driver Output Enable. The driver outputs, Y and Z, are

enabled by bringing DE high. They are high imped-
3 — 4 DE ance when DE is low. If the driver outputs are enabled,
the parts function as line drivers. While they are high
–—–
impedance, they function as line receivers if R E is low.

Driver Input. A low on DI forces output Y low and out-

4 3 5 DI put Z high. Similarly, a high on DI forces output Y high
and output Z low.
5 4 6, 7 GND Ground
— 5 9 Y Noninverting Driver Output
— 6 10 Z Inverting Driver Output
Noninverting Receiver Input and Noninverting Driver
6 — — A
Output
— 8 12 A Noninverting Receiver Input
7 — — B Inverting Receiver Input and Inverting Driver Output
— 7 11 B Inverting Receiver Input
8 1 14 VCC Positive Supply: 4.75V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.25V
— — 1, 8, 13 N.C. No Connect—not internally connected

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

MAX481E
0.1µF MAX483E
TOP VIEW DE
MAX485E
MAX487E DI
RO 1 R 8 VCC RO 1 R 8 VCC MAX1487E D
7 B B
RE 2 7 B RE 2 Rt Rt
DE 3 6
DE 3 6 A
A A RO
DI 4 D 5 GND DI 4 D 5 GND R

DIP/SO RE

NOTE: PIN LABELS Y AND Z ON TIMING, TEST, AND WAVEFORM DIAGRAMS REFER TO PINS A AND B WHEN DE IS HIGH.
TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT SHOWN WITH DIP/SO PACKAGE.

Figure 1. MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E/MAX1487E Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit

0.1µF
VCC
VCC 1 MAX488E
MAX490E
TOP VIEW 5 Y
3 Rt
VCC 1 R 8 A DI D 6 Z R RO

RO 2 7 B
DI 3 6 Z 8 A
2 Rt
GND 4 D 5 Y RO R 7 D DI
B
DIP/SO
4 GND
GND
NOTE: TYPICAL OPERATING CIRCUIT SHOWN WITH DIP/SO PACKAGE.

Figure 2. MAX488E/MAX490E Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit

VCC
DE VCC RE
TOP VIEW 4 14 0.1µF
MAX489E
N.C. 1 14 V CC MAX491E
9 Y
RO 2 R 13 N.C. 5 Rt
DI D R RO
10
RE 3 12 A Z
DE 4 11 B
12 A
DI 5 10 Z 2 Rt
RO R D DI
D 11
GND 6 9 Y B
1, 8, 13
GND 7 8 N.C. NC
3 6, 7 GND
DIP/SO RE GND DE

Figure 3. MAX489E/MAX491E Pin Configuration and Typical Operating Circuit

8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
__________Function Tables (MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E/MAX1487E)

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
Table 1. Transmitting Table 2. Receiving
INPUTS OUTPUTS INPUTS OUTPUT

RE DE DI Z Y RE DE A-B RO

X 1 1 0 1 0 0 > +0.2V 1

X 1 0 1 0 0 0 < -0.2V 0

0 0 X High-Z High-Z 0 0 Inputs open 1

1 0 X High-Z* High-Z* 1 0 X High-Z*

X = Don't care X = Don't care

High-Z = High impedance High-Z = High impedance
* Shutdown mode for MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX487E * Shutdown mode for MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX487E

__________Applications Information neers developed state-of-the-art structures to protect

these pins against ESD of ±15kV without damage. The
The MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E
ESD structures withstand high ESD in all states: normal
and MAX1487E are low-power transceivers for RS-485
operation, shutdown, and powered down. After an ESD
and RS-422 communications. These “E” versions of the
event, Maxim’s MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX485E,
MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, MAX487–MAX491, and
MAX487E–MAX491E, and MAX1487E keep working
MAX1487 provide extra protection against ESD. The
without latchup.
rugged MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX485E, MAX497E–
MAX491E, and MAX1487E are intended for harsh envi- ESD protection can be tested in various ways; the
ronments where high-speed communication is important. transmitter outputs and receiver inputs of this product
These devices eliminate the need for transient suppres- family are characterized for protection to ±15kV using
sor diodes and the associated high capacitance loading. the Human Body Model.
The standard (non-“E”) MAX481, MAX483, MAX485, Other ESD test methodologies include IEC10004-2 con-
MAX487–MAX491, and MAX1487 are recommended for tact discharge and IEC1000-4-2 air-gap discharge (for-
applications where cost is critical. merly IEC801-2).
The MAX481E, MAX485E, MAX490E, MAX491E, and
ESD Test Conditions
MAX1487E can transmit and receive at data rates up to
ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions.
2.5Mbps, while the MAX483E, MAX487E, MAX488E,
Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents
and MAX489E are specified for data rates up to
test set-up, test methodology, and test results.
250kbps. The MAX488E–MAX491E are full-duplex
transceivers, while the MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX487E,
and MAX1487E are half-duplex. In addition, driver- Human Body Model
enable (DE) and receiver-enable (RE) pins are included Figure 4 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 5
on the MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX485E, MAX487E, shows the current waveform it generates when dis-
MAX489E, MAX491E, and MAX1487E. When disabled, charged into a low impedance. This model consists of
the driver and receiver outputs are high impedance. a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of inter-
est, which is then discharged into the test device
±15kV ESD Protection through a 1.5kΩ resistor.
As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures
are incorporated on all pins to protect against electro- IEC1000-4-2
static discharges encountered during handling and The IEC1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and per-
assembly. The driver outputs and receiver inputs have formance of finished equipment; it does not specifically
extra protection against static electricity. Maxim’s engi- refer to integrated circuits (Figure 6).

_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

R C 1M R D 1500Ω

CHARGE CURRENT DISCHARGE IP 100% Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING

LIMIT RESISTOR RESISTANCE 90% (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)

HIGH DEVICE AMPERES

VOLTAGE Cs STORAGE UNDER
DC 100pF CAPACITOR TEST 36.8%
SOURCE
10%
0
0 TIME
tRL
tDL
CURRENT WAVEFORM

Figure 4. Human Body ESD Test Model Figure 5. Human Body Model Current Waveform

100%
R C 50M to 100M R D 330Ω 90%

CHARGE CURRENT DISCHARGE

I PEAK

LIMIT RESISTOR RESISTANCE

HIGH- DEVICE
VOLTAGE Cs STORAGE UNDER
DC 150pF CAPACITOR TEST
SOURCE
10%

t r = 0.7ns to 1ns t
30ns

60ns

Figure 6. IEC1000-4-2 ESD Test Model Figure 7. IEC1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform

R TEST POINT 1k
RECEIVER VCC
OUTPUT S1
VOD CRL
1k
15pF
R VOC

Z S2

Figure 8. Driver DC Test Load Figure 9. Receiver Timing Test Load

10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
3V
DE CL1
A VCC
Y S1
DI RDIFF RO 500Ω
VID OUTPUT
B UNDER TEST
Z
RE CL
CL2
S2

Figure 10. Driver/Receiver Timing Test Circuit Figure 11. Driver Timing Test Load

3V 3V
DI 1.5V 1.5V DE 1.5V 1.5V
0V 0V
tPLH tPHL 1/2 VO
tZL(SHDN), tZL tLZ
Z Y, Z
VO 2.3V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW VOL +0.5V
Y VOL

1/2 VO OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH

VDIFF = V (Y) - V (Z) Y, Z
VO
VDIFF 0V 90% 90% 2.3V VOH -0.5V
10% 10% 0V
-VO
tR tF tZH(SHDN), tZH tHZ
tSKEW = | tPLH - tPHL |

Figure 12. Driver Propagation Delays Figure 13. Driver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX488E
and MAX490E)

3V
RE 1.5V 1.5V
0V
VOH
RO tZL(SHDN), tZL tLZ
VOL 1.5V OUTPUT 1.5V VCC
RO 1.5V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW VOL + 0.5V
tPHL tPLH
VID
A-B
-VID 0V INPUT 0V
OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH
RO 1.5V VOH - 0.5V
0V
tZH(SHDN), tZH tHZ

Figure 14. Receiver Propagation Delays Figure 15. Receiver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX488E
and MAX490E)

______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

10dB/div 10dB/div

0Hz 5MHz 0Hz 5MHz

500kHz/div 500kHz/div

Figure 16. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of Figure 17. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of
MAX485E/MAX490E/MAX491E/MAX1487E Transmitting a MAX483E/MAX487E–MAX489E Transmitting a 150kHz Signal
150kHz Signal

The major difference between tests done using the MAX483E/MAX487E/MAX488E/MAX489E:

Human Body Model and IEC1000-4-2 is higher peak Reduced EMI and Reflections
current in IEC1000-4-2, because series resistance is The MAX483E and MAX487E–MAX489E are slew-rate
lower in the IEC1000-4-2 model. Hence, the ESD with- limited, minimizing EMI and reducing reflections
stand voltage measured to IEC1000-4-2 is generally caused by improperly terminated cables. Figure 16
lower than that measured using the Human Body shows the driver output waveform and its Fourier analy-
Model. Figure 7 shows the current waveform for the 8kV sis of a 150kHz signal transmitted by a MAX481E,
IEC1000-4-2 ESD contact-discharge test. MAX485E, MAX490E, MAX491E, or MAX1487E. High-
The air-gap test involves approaching the device with a frequency harmonics with large amplitudes are evident.
charged probe. The contact-discharge method connects Figure 17 shows the same information displayed for a
the probe to the device before the probe is energized. MAX483E, MAX487E, MAX488E, or MAX489E transmit-
ting under the same conditions. Figure 17’s high-fre-
Machine Model quency harmonics have much lower amplitudes, and
The Machine Model for ESD tests all pins using a the potential for EMI is significantly reduced.
200pF storage capacitor and zero discharge resis- Low-Power Shutdown Mode
tance. Its objective is to emulate the stress caused by (MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX487E)
contact that occurs with handling and assembly during
manufacturing. Of course, all pins require this protec- A low-power shutdown mode is initiated by bringing
tion during manufacturing—not just inputs and outputs. both RE high and DE low. The devices will not shut
Therefore, after PC board assembly, the Machine Model down unless both the driver and receiver are disabled.
is less relevant to I/O ports. In shutdown, the devices typically draw only 0.5µA of
supply current.
MAX487E/MAX1487E: RE and DE may be driven simultaneously; the parts are
128 Transceivers on the Bus guaranteed not to enter shutdown if RE is high and DE
The 48kΩ, 1/4-unit-load receiver input impedance of the is low for less than 50ns. If the inputs are in this state
MAX487E and MAX1487E allows up to 128 transceivers for at least 600ns, the parts are guaranteed to enter
on a bus, compared to the 1-unit load (12kΩ input shutdown.
impedance) of standard RS-485 drivers (32 transceivers
maximum). Any combination of MAX487E/MAX1487E For the MAX481E, MAX483E, and MAX487E, the t ZH
and other RS-485 transceivers with a total of 32 unit and tZL enable times assume the part was not in the
loads or less can be put on the bus. The MAX481E, low-power shutdown state (the MAX485E, MAX488E–
MAX483E, MAX485E, and MAX488E–MAX491E have MAX491E, and MAX1487E can not be shut down). The
standard 12kΩ receiver input impedance. t ZH(SHDN) and t ZL(SHDN) enable times assume the
parts were shut down (see Electrical Characteristics).

12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
delay times. Typical propagation delays are shown in

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
Figures 19–22 using Figure 18’s test circuit.
The difference in receiver delay times, tPLH - tPHL, is
typically under 13ns for the MAX481E, MAX485E,
100pF MAX490E, MAX491E, and MAX1487E, and is typically
Z B less than 100ns for the MAX483E and MAX487E–
TTL IN RECEIVER
tR, tF < 6ns
D R
OUT
MAX489E.
R = 54Ω
Y A The driver skew times are typically 5ns (10ns max) for
the MAX481E, MAX485E, MAX490E, MAX491E, and
MAX1487E, and are typically 100ns (800ns max) for the
100pF MAX483E and MAX487E–MAX489E.
Typical Applications
The MAX481E, MAX483E, MAX485E, MAX487E–
MAX491E, and MAX1487E transceivers are designed for
bidirectional data communications on multipoint bus
Figure 18. Receiver Propagation Delay Test Circuit transmission lines. Figures 25 and 26 show typical net-
work application circuits. These parts can also be used as
It takes the drivers and receivers longer to become line repeaters, with cable lengths longer than 4000 feet.
enabled from the low-power shutdown state (tZH(SHDN), To minimize reflections, the line should be terminated at
tZL(SHDN)) than from the operating mode (tZH, tZL). (The both ends in its characteristic impedance, and stub
parts are in operating mode if the RE, DE inputs equal a lengths off the main line should be kept as short as possi-
logical 0,1 or 1,1 or 0, 0.) ble. The slew-rate-limited MAX483E and MAX487E–
Driver Output Protection MAX489E are more tolerant of imperfect termination.
Excessive output current and power dissipation caused Bypass the VCC pin with 0.1µF.
by faults or by bus contention are prevented by two Isolated RS-485
mechanisms. A foldback current limit on the output stage For isolated RS-485 applications, see the MAX253 and
provides immediate protection against short circuits over MAX1480 data sheets.
the whole common-mode voltage range (see Typical
Operating Characteristics). In addition, a thermal shut- Line Length vs. Data Rate
down circuit forces the driver outputs into a high-imped- The RS-485/RS-422 standard covers line lengths up to
ance state if the die temperature rises excessively. 4000 feet. Figures 23 and 24 show the system differen-
tial voltage for the parts driving 4000 feet of 26AWG
Propagation Delay twisted-pair wire at 110kHz into 100Ω loads.
Many digital encoding schemes depend on the differ-
ence between the driver and receiver propagation

______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

A B

500mV/div 500mV/div

B A

RO 5V/div

5V/div RO

25ns/div 25ns/div

Figure 19. MAX481E/MAX485E/MAX490E/MAX1487E Receiver Figure 20. MAX481E/MAX485E/MAX490E/MAX491E/

tPHL MAX1487E Receiver tPLH

A B

500mV/div 500mV/div

B A

RO 5V/div
5V/div
RO

200ns/div 200ns/div

Figure 21. MAX483E/MAX487E–MAX489E Receiver tPHL Figure 22. MAX483E/MAX487E–MAX489E Receiver tPLH

DI 5V DI 5V

0V 0V
1V

VA - VB 0 VB - VA 0

-1V -1V

5V DO 5V

DO 0V 0V

2µs/div 2µs/div

Figure 23. MAX481E/MAX485E/MAX490E/MAX491E/ Figure 24. MAX483E/MAX1487E–MAX489E System Differential

MAX1487E System Differential Voltage at 110kHz Driving Voltage at 110kHz Driving 4000ft of Cable
4000ft of Cable

14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers

MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E
120Ω 120Ω
DE
B B
DI
D D
DI
DE A B A B A A

RO R R RO
RE RE

R R
D D
MAX481E
MAX483E
MAX485E
MAX487E DI DE RO RE DI DE RO RE
MAX1487E

Figure 25. MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E/MAX1487E Typical Half-Duplex RS-485 Network

A Y
120Ω 120Ω
RO R D DI
RE
B Z
DE
DE
Z B
RE
120Ω 120Ω
DI D R RO
Y A
Y Z B A Y Z B A

R R
D D
MAX488E
MAX489E
MAX490E
DI DE RE RO DI DE RE RO MAX491E

NOTE: RE AND DE ON MAX489E/MAX491E ONLY.

Figure 26. MAX488E–MAX491E Full-Duplex RS-485 Network

______________________________________________________________________________________ 15
 ±15kV ESD-Protected, Slew-Rate-Limited,
Low-Power, RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
___________________________________________Ordering Information (continued)
MAX481E/MAX483E/MAX485E/MAX487E–MAX491E/MAX1487E

PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE

MAX483ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX489ECPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Plastic DIP
MAX483ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX489ECSD 0°C to +70°C 14 SO
MAX483EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX489EEPD -40°C to +85°C 14 Plastic DIP
MAX483EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX489EESD -40°C to +85°C 14 SO
MAX485ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX490ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX485ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX490ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO
MAX485EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX490EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX485EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX490EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO
MAX487ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX491ECPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Plastic DIP
MAX487ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX491ECSD 0°C to +70°C 14 SO
MAX487EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX491EEPD -40°C to +85°C 14 Plastic DIP
MAX487EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX491EESD -40°C to +85°C 14 SO
MAX488ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX1487ECPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX488ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX1487ECSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO
MAX488EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX1487EEPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP
MAX488EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX1487EESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO

___________________Chip Information

TRANSISTOR COUNT: 295

Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.

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