2000 Olympiad Part1
2000 Olympiad Part1
2000 Olympiad Part1
NATIONAL
CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD
NATIONAL EXAM—PART I
Prepared by the American Chemical Society Olympiad Examinations Task Force
DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL DIRECTED TO DO SO. Answers to questions in Part I must be entered on a Scantron
answer sheet to be scored. Be sure to write your name on the answer sheet; an ID number is already entered for you. Make a record
of this ID number as you will use the same number on both Parts II and III. Each item in Part I consists of a question or an
incomplete statement which is followed by four possible choices. Select the single choice that best answers the question or completes
the statement. Then use a pencil to blacken the space on your answer sheet having the same letter as your choice. You may write on
the examination, but the test booklet will not be used for grading. Scores are based on the number of correct responses. When you
complete Part I (or at the end of one hour and 30 minutes), you must turn in all testing materials, scratch paper, and your Scantron
answer sheet. Do not forget to turn in your U.S. citizenship statement before leaving the testing site today.
Not valid for use as an USNCO National Exam after April 16, 2000.
Distributed by the ACS DivCHED Examinations Institute, Clemson University, Clemson, SC. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS CONSTANTS
amount of substance n equilibrium constant K milli- prefix m
ampere A Faraday constant F molal m R = 8.314 J·mol–1·K–1
atmosphere atm formula molar mass M molar M R = 0.0821 L·atm·mol –1·K–1
atomic mass unit u free energy G mole mol 1 F = 96,500 C·mol–1
atomic molar mass A frequency ν Planck’s constant h
1 F = 96,500 J·V–1·mol–1
Avogadro constant N A gas constant R pressure P
Celsius temperature °C gram g rate constant k N A = 6.022 × 1023 mol–1
centi- prefix c hour h retardation factor Rf h = 6.626 × 10–34 J·s
coulomb C joule J second s c = 2.998 × 108 m·s–1
electromotive force E kelvin K speed of light c
energy of activation Ea kilo- prefix k temperature, K T
enthalpy H liter L time t
entropy S measure of pressure mmHg volt V
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 231.0 238.0 237.0 (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (260)
Page 2 Not valid for use as a USNCO National Exam after April 16, 2000.
DIRECTIONS
When you have selected your answer to each question, blacken the corresponding space on the answer sheet using a soft, #2
pencil. Make a heavy, full mark, but no stray marks. If you decide to change an answer, erase the unwanted mark very carefully.
Make no marks on the test booklet. Do all calculations on scratch paper provided by your instructor.
There is only one correct answer to each question. Any questions for which more than one response has been blackened will not
be counted.
Your score is based solely on the number of questions you answer correctly. It is to your advantage to answer every question.
Absorbance
absorbance, measured 0.30
(A) I only (B) III only under the same conditions
(C) I and II only (D) I, II, and III as those used to prepare 0.20
this calibration curve.
0.10
What will be the percent
2. Which substance is stored in contact with water to uncertainty in the 0
prevent it from reacting with air? concentration of a 0.050 M 0 0.05 0.10 0.15
solution if the uncertainty [Cu2+], M
(A) bromine (B) lithium in the absorbance reading
(C) mercury (D) phosphorus is ±0.01 absorbance units?
(A) 5% (B) 10% (C) 15% (D) 20%
3. A solution of concentrated aqueous ammonia is added
dropwise to 1 mL of a dilute aqueous solution of 7. A 1.50 g sample of an ore containing silver was
copper(II) nitrate until a total of 1 mL of the ammonia dissolved, and all of the Ag+ was converted to 0.124 g of
solution has been added. What observations can be made Ag2S. What was the percentage of silver in the ore?
during this process?
(A) 6.41% (B) 7.20%
(A) The colorless copper(II) nitrate solution turns blue
and yields a dark blue precipitate. (C) 8.27% (D) 10.8%
(B) The colorless copper(II) nitrate solution yields a
white precipitate which turns dark blue upon 8. Methyl-t-butyl ether, C5H12O, is added to gasoline to
standing. promote cleaner burning. How many moles of oxygen
(C) The light blue copper(II) nitrate solution yields a gas, O 2, are required to burn 1.0 mol of this compound
precipitate which redissolves to form a dark blue completely to form carbon dioxide and water?
solution. (A) 4.5 mol (B) 6.0 mol
(D) The light blue copper(II) nitrate solution turns dark (C) 7.5 mol (D) 8.0 mol
blue and yields a dark blue precipitate.
Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000. Page 3
10. Chlorine can be prepared by reacting HCl with MnO2. 16. Hydrogen is Compound Vapor Pressure
The reaction is represented by this equation. collected over water at 22 °C
MnO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) → Cl2(g) + MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) at 22 °C and a H2O 20. mmHg
barometer reading
Assuming the reaction goes to completion what mass of
concentrated HCl solution (36.0% HCl by mass) is of 740 mmHg. If 300. mL of hydrogen is collected,
needed to produce 2.50 g of Cl 2? which expression will give the volume of dry hydrogen
at the same temperature and pressure?
(A) 5.15 g (B) 14.3 g 740 mmHg – 20 mmHg
(A) 300 mL ×
(C) 19.4 g (D) 26.4 g 740 mmHg
11. What is the Na+ ion concentration in the solution formed 740 mmHg + 20 mmHg
(B) 300 mL ×
by mixing 20. mL of 0.10 M Na2SO4 solution with 740 mmHg
50. mL of 0.30 M Na3PO4 solution?
740 mmHg
(A) 0.15 M (B) 0.24 M (C) 300 mL ×
740 mmHg – 20 mmHg
(C) 0.48 M (D) 0.70 M 740 mmHg
(D) 300 mL ×
740 mmHg + 20 mmHg
12. A solution prepared by Compound Kb
dissolving a 2.50 g sample
of an unknown compound C 6H6 2.53 °C·m–1
dissolved in 34.0 g of benzene, C6H6, boils 1.38 °C 17. What is the normal melting
higher than pure benzene. Which expression gives the point of the substance 1.0
molar mass of the unknown compound? represented by the phase
P,atm
2.50 diagram?
(A) 2.53 ×
1.38
34.0 A B C D
(B) 1.38 × × 2.50
T, °C
2.53
2.53 1 (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D
(C) 2.50 × 10 × ×
3
34.0 1.38
1.38 18. A bomb calorimeter has a heat capacity of 783 J·°C–1
(D) 2.50 × 10 × × 2.53
3
34.0 and contains 254 g of water, which has a specific heat of
4.184 J·g–1·°C–1. How much heat is evolved or absorbed
by a reaction when the temperature goes from 23.73 °C
13. What is the total pressure in a 2.00 L container that holds to 26.01 °C?
1.00 g He, 14.0 g CO, and 10.0 g of NO at 27.0 °C? (A) 1.78 kJ absorbed (B) 2.42 kJ absorbed
(A) 21.6 atm (B) 13.2 atm (C) 1.78 kJ evolved (D) 4.21 kJ evolved
(C) 1.24 atm (D) 0.310 atm
19. Consider this equation and the associated value for ∆Ho.
14. What type of solid is generally characterized by having 2H2(g) + 2Cl2(g) → 4HCl(g) ∆Ho = –92.3 kJ
low melting point and low electrical conductivity? Which statement about this information is incorrect?
(A) ionic (B) metallic (A) If the equation is reversed, the ∆Ho value equals
(C) molecular (D) network covalent +92.3 kJ.
(B) The four HCl bonds are stronger than the four bonds
in H2 and Cl2.
15. How many nearest neighbors surround each particle in a
face-centered cubic lattice? (C) The ∆Ho value will be –92.3 kJ if the HCl is
produced as a liquid.
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 12
(D) 23.1 kJ of heat will be evolved when 1 mol of
HCl (g) is produced.
Page 4 Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000.
20. Determine the heat of reaction for this process. 25. A reaction follows this
0.40
FeO(s) + Fe2O3(s) → Fe3O4(s) concentration-time
Given information: diagram. The instantaneous 0.30
Molarity
rate for this reaction at 20
2Fe(s) + O2(g) → 2FeO(s) ∆Ho = –544.0 kJ seconds will be closest to 0.20
4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Fe2O3(s) ∆Ho = –1648.4 kJ which value? 0.10
Fe3O4(s) → 3Fe(s) + 2O2(g) ∆Ho = +1118.4 kJ 0
(A) –1074.0 kJ (B) –22.2 kJ 0 20 40 60
Time, sec
(C) +249.8 kJ (D) +2214.6 kJ
(A) 4 × 10–3 M·sec–1 (B) 8 × 10–3 M·sec–1
(C) 2 × 10–2 M·sec–1 (D) 1 × 10–1 M·sec–1
21. For which process will ∆Ho and ∆Go be expected to be
most similar?
(A) 2Al(s) + Fe2O3(s) → 2Fe(s) + Al2O3(s) 26. If the half-life of a reaction increases as the initial
concentration of substance increases, the order of the
(B) 2Na (s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH (aq) + H2(g) reaction is
(C) 2NO2(g) → N2O4(g) (A) zero. (B) first.
(D) 2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) (C) second. (D) third.
22. Use bond energies to 27. The radioisotope N-13, which has a half-life of
Bond Bond Energy
estimate ∆H for this 10 minutes, is used to image organs in the body. If
reaction. H–H 436 kJ·mol–1 an injected sample has an activity of 40 microcuries
H2(g) + O2(g) → H2O2(g) O–O 142 kJ·mol–1 (40 µCi), what is its activity after 25 minutes in the
body?
O=O 499 kJ·mol–1
H–O 460 kJ·mol–1 (A) 0.75 µCi (B) 3.5 µCi
Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000. Page 5
30. Consider this reaction.
2H2(g) + 2NO(g) → N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
36. What is the conjugate acid of HPO42–?
The rate law for this reaction is rate = k [H2] [NO]2.
Under what conditions could these steps represent the (A) H3PO4(aq) (B) H2PO4–(aq)
mechanism?
(C) H3O+(aq) (D) PO43–(aq)
Step 1. 2NO = N2O2
Step 2. N 2O2 + H 2 → N 2O + H 2O
Step 3. N 2O + H 2 → N 2 + H 2O 37. The amount of sodium Acid Ka
hydrogen carbonate,
(A) These steps cannot be the mechanism under any NaHCO3, in an antacid H2CO3 2.5 × 10–4
circumstances. tablet is to be determined HCO3 –
2.4 × 10–8
(B) These steps could be the mechanism if step 1 is the by dissolving the tablet in water and titrating the
slow step. resulting solution with hydrochloric acid. Which
indicator is the most appropriate for this titration?
(C) These steps could be the mechanism if step 2 is the
slow step. (A) methyl orange, pKin = 3.7
(D) These steps could be the mechanism if step 3 is the (B) bromothymol blue, pKin = 7.0
slow step. (C) phenolphthalein, pKin = 9.3
(D) alizarin yellow, pK in = 12.5
31. A reaction has a forward rate constant of 2.3 × 106 s–1
and an equilibrium constant of 4.0 × 108. What is the rate
constant for the reverse reaction? 38. How many moles of Acid Ka
NaOCl must be added to
(A) 1.l × 10 –15
s –1
(B) 5.8 × 10 s –3 –1
HOCl 2.8 × 10–8
150 mL of 0.025 M HOCl
(C) 1.7 × 10 s 2 –1
(D) 9.2 × 1014 s–1 to obtain a buffer solution with a pH = 7.50?
(A) 2.6 × 10–5 (B) 1.1 × 10–3
32. For the reaction 2A(g) + 2B (g) = 3C(g) at a certain (C) 3.3 × 10–3 (D) 2.2 × 10–2
temperature, K is 2.5 × 10–2. For which conditions will
the reaction proceed to the right at the same temperature?
[A], M [B], M [C], M 39. If equal volumes of BaCl2 Substance K sp
and NaF solutions are
(A) 0.10 0.10 0.10 BaF 2 1.7 × 10–7
mixed, which of these
(B) 1.0 1.0 1.0 combinations will not give a precipitate?
(C) 1.0 0.10 0.10 (A) 0.0040 M BaCl2 and 0.020 M NaF
(D) 1.0 1.0 0.10 (B) 0.010 M BaCl2 and 0.015 M NaF
(C) 0.015 M BaCl2 and 0.010 M NaF
–
33. What is the Kb of a weak base that produces one OH per (D) 0.020 M BaCl2 and 0.0020 M NaF
molecule if a 0.050 M solution is 2.5% ionized?
(A) 7.8 × 10–8 (B) 1.6 × 10–6
40. What takes place when zinc metal is added to a aqueous
(C) 3.2 × 10–5 (D) 1.2 × 10–3 solution containing magnesium nitrate and silver nitrate?
1. Zn is oxidized.
2. Mg2+ is reduced.
34. What is the [OH–] of a Acid Ka 3. Ag+ is reduced.
0.65 M solution of
NaOCl? HOCl 2.8 × 10–8 4. No reaction takes place.
(A) 4.8 × 10–4 M (B) 1.3 × 10–4 M (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only
(C) 3.5 × 10–7 M (D) 2.1 × 10–11 M (C) 1, 2, and 3 only (D) 4 only
Page 6 Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000.
Questions 41, 42, and 43 should be answered with reference to 45. How many unpaired electrons are in a gaseous Fe2+ ion in
this information and diagram. the ground state?
Ag+(aq) + e– → Ag(s) Eo = 0.80 V
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 6
Cu (aq) + 2e → Cu(s)
2+ –
Eo = 0.34 V
salt bridge
Ag Cu 47. Which set of orbitals is listed in the sequential order of
filling in a many-electron atom?
(A) 3s, 3p, 3d (B) 3d, 4s, 4p
(C) 3d, 4p, 5s (D) 4p, 4d, 5s
Ag+ (aq) Cu2+ (aq)
Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000. Page 7
53. The nitrogen atoms in NH3, NH2–, and NH4+ are all 57. Which is the formula for an alkyne?
surrounded by eight electrons. When these three species
(A) C 2H4 (B) C 3H6
are arranged in order of increasing H–N–H bond angle,
what is the correct order? (C) C 3H8 (D) C 4H6
– + + –
(A) NH3, NH2 , NH4 (B) NH4 , NH2 , NH3
+ –
(C) NH3, NH4 , NH2 (D) NH2–, NH3, NH4+ 58. How many isomers have the formula C3H8O?
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
54. What hybrid orbitals are
employed by carbon atoms O
59. Which type of organic compound is most resistant to
1,2, and 3, respectively, as H3C C C N oxidation by acidified potassium dichromate?
labeled in the compound 1 2 3
shown? (A) acid (B) alcohol
3 2 2
(A) sp , sp, sp (B) sp , sp , sp (C) aldehyde (D) alkene
3 2 3 2 2
(C) sp , sp , sp (D) sp , sp , sp
60. What product, in addition to water, is produced by this
55. In which pair, or pairs, is the stronger bond found in the reaction?
first species? CH3OH + C6H5COOH →
1. O2–, O2 2. N2, N2+ 3. NO+, NO–
(A) O
(A) 1 only (B) 2 only H3C C OH
(C) 1 and 3 only (D) 2 and 3 only
(B) O
56. What is the molecular C CH3
CH3
formula of this chemical
structure? (C)
CH3 CH3
END OF TEST
Page 8 Not valid for use as an USNCO National Examination after April 16, 2000.
US National Chemistry Olympiad – 2000
National Examination—Part I
SCORING KEY