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User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

UDP is a transport protocol that provides an unreliable datagram service. It does not buffer packets or ensure delivery order. UDP headers contain source and destination port numbers and length fields. UDP is generally used for applications where reliability is not critical or bandwidth needs to be optimized. In contrast, TCP provides reliable, ordered delivery but with more overhead and complexity for applications.

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107 views

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

UDP is a transport protocol that provides an unreliable datagram service. It does not buffer packets or ensure delivery order. UDP headers contain source and destination port numbers and length fields. UDP is generally used for applications where reliability is not critical or bandwidth needs to be optimized. In contrast, TCP provides reliable, ordered delivery but with more overhead and complexity for applications.

Uploaded by

sowhat-01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Srinidhi Varadarajan

UDP: The User Datagram Protocol


UDP is another transport protocol in the TCP/IP suite UDP provides an unreliable datagram service
Packets may be lost or delivered out of order Users exchange datagrams (not streams) Connection-less Not buffered -- UDP accepts data and transmits immediately (no buffering before transmission) Full duplex -- concurrent transfers can take place in both directions

UDP Datagram Format


0 4 8 16 24 Destination Port Checksum 31 Source Port Message Length

Data

UDP Header Fields


UDP Destination Port: identifies destination process UDP Source Port: optional -- identifies source process for replies, or zero Message Length: length of datagram in bytes, including header and data Checksum: optional -- 16-bit checksum over header and data, or zero

UDP Versus TCP (1)


Choice of UDP versus TCP is based on:
Functionality Performance

Performance
TCPs window-based flow control scheme leads to bursty bulk transfers (not rate based) TCPs slow start algorithm can reduce throughput TCP has extra overhead per segment UDP can send small, inefficient datagrams

time

UDP Versus TCP (2)


Reliability
TCP provides reliable, in-order transfers UDP provides unreliable service -- application must accept or deal with
Packet loss due to overflows and errors Out-of-order datagrams

Multicast and broadcast


Supported only by UDP TCPs error control scheme does not lend itself to reliable multicast

Data size
UDP datagrams limited to IP MTU (64KB)

UDP Versus TCP (3)


Application complexity
Application-level framing can be difficult using TCP because of the Nagle algorithm Nagle algorithm controls when TCP segments are sent to use IP datagrams efficiently But, data may be received and read by applications in different units than how it was sent Written

time
Read

UDP versus TCP (4)


Which is used for ...
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)? File Transfer Protocol (FTP)? Telnet? Post Office Protocol (POP)? Remote WHO (rwho)? MBONE audio/video? Real Player? Network File System (NFS)?

Middleware Model (1)


Application Application Middleware Network API Presentation Application Transport Network Data Link Physical Presentation Application Transport Network Data Link Physical Alternate API

Middleware Model (2)


Higher-level services can be provided for application development by so called middleware
May be built above the operating system (and run on various operating systems) May be part of the operating system

Possible functions: messaging, distributed object management, directory services, user-defined data types, composite data types, remote procedure calls (RPC), alternate communication abstractions

You should now be able to ...


Distinguish between services, interfaces, and implementations related to protocols Identify the relationship between the TCP/IP protocol suite and the OSI Reference Model Identify the functions of the key protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite Identify the differences between transport services provided by TCP and UDP Match application needs to services provided by TCP and UDP

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