Tig Introduction..

TIG Welding Introduction
Introduction.
TIG welding uses a non-consumable tungsten.
Filler metal, when required, is added by hand.
Shielding gas protects the weld.
TIG welding uses a non-consumable tungsten.
Filler metal, when required, is added by hand.
Shielding gas protects the weld.
2
Operation of TIG welding
ENBE 499 3
Schematic of TIG
ENBE 499 4
Shape of electrodes
ENBE 499 5
Equipments
1. Power source
It may be AC or Dc
2. GTAW torch
Air cooled torch:-current upto 150 amp
Water cooled torch:- current upto 1000 amp
To cool down the supply cables
1. Power source
It may be AC or Dc
2. GTAW torch
Air cooled torch:-current upto 150 amp
Water cooled torch:- current upto 1000 amp
To cool down the supply cables
ENBE 499 6
Equipments
3. Wire feeding mechanism:
Wire drive mechanism: Gear drive
Speed control of wire feed
wire guide attachment
give the path to wire.
3. Wire feeding mechanism:
Wire drive mechanism: Gear drive
Speed control of wire feed
wire guide attachment
give the path to wire.
ENBE 499 7
Equipments
4. Materials:-
--Tungsten electrode:- It may be thoriated
(DC) or zirconiated(AC).
--Filler metal:-
--Shielding gas.
4. Materials:-
--Tungsten electrode:- It may be thoriated
(DC) or zirconiated(AC).
--Filler metal:-
--Shielding gas.
ENBE 499 8
TIG Shielding Gases
Argon
Helium
Argon/Helium Mixtures
9
TIG Shielding Gases
Argon
Good arc starting
Good cleaning action
Good arc stability
Focused arc cone
Lower arc voltages
Helium
Faster travel speeds
Increased penetration
Difficult arc starting
Less cleaning action
Less low amp stability
Flared arc cone
Higher arc voltages
Higher flow rates (2x)
Higher cost than argon
Argon
Good arc starting
Good cleaning action
Good arc stability
Focused arc cone
Lower arc voltages
Helium
Faster travel speeds
Increased penetration
Difficult arc starting
Less cleaning action
Less low amp stability
Flared arc cone
Higher arc voltages
Higher flow rates (2x)
Higher cost than argon
10
TIG Shielding Gases
Improved travel speeds over pure argon
Improved penetration over pure argon
Cleaning properties closer to pure argon
Improved arc starting over pure helium
Improved arc stability over pure helium
Arc cone shape more focused than pure helium
Arc voltages between pure argon and pure helium
Higher flow rates than pure argon
Costs higher than pure argon
Improved travel speeds over pure argon
Improved penetration over pure argon
Cleaning properties closer to pure argon
Improved arc starting over pure helium
Improved arc stability over pure helium
Arc cone shape more focused than pure helium
Arc voltages between pure argon and pure helium
Higher flow rates than pure argon
Costs higher than pure argon
11
Welding parameters
Current :-Too much current can lead to spatter and workpiece damage.
In thin materials, it can lead to a widening of the material gap. Too little
current can lead to sticking of the filler wire. This can also lead to heat
damage and a much larger weld affected area, as high temperatures
must be applied for much longer periods of time in order to deposit the
same amount of filling materials. Current limiting helps to prevent
splatter when the tungsten tip accidentally comes too close or in contact
with the workpiece. Fixed current mode will vary the voltage in order to
maintain a constant arc current.
Voltage:-A high initial voltage allows for easy arc initiation and allows for
a greater range of working tip distance. Too large a voltage, however, can
lead to greater variability in workpiece quality (depending on the
workpiece distance and a greater variation in power and heat delivered
to the workarea
.
Current :-Too much current can lead to spatter and workpiece damage.
In thin materials, it can lead to a widening of the material gap. Too little
current can lead to sticking of the filler wire. This can also lead to heat
damage and a much larger weld affected area, as high temperatures
must be applied for much longer periods of time in order to deposit the
same amount of filling materials. Current limiting helps to prevent
splatter when the tungsten tip accidentally comes too close or in contact
with the workpiece. Fixed current mode will vary the voltage in order to
maintain a constant arc current.
Voltage:-A high initial voltage allows for easy arc initiation and allows for
a greater range of working tip distance. Too large a voltage, however, can
lead to greater variability in workpiece quality (depending on the
workpiece distance and a greater variation in power and heat delivered
to the workarea
ENBE 499 12
Advantages
Welds more metals and
metal alloys than any other
process
High quality and precision
Pin point control
Aesthetic weld beads
No sparks or spatter
No flux or slag
No smoke or fumes
.
Welds more metals and
metal alloys than any other
process
High quality and precision
Pin point control
Aesthetic weld beads
No sparks or spatter
No flux or slag
No smoke or fumes
13
Disadvantages
Lower filler metal deposition
rates
Good hand-eye coordination
a required skill
Brighter UV rays than other
processes
Slower travel speeds than
other processes
Equipment costs tend to be
higher than other processes
Lower filler metal deposition
rates
Good hand-eye coordination
a required skill
Brighter UV rays than other
processes
Slower travel speeds than
other processes
Equipment costs tend to be
higher than other processes
14
Applications
It is used to weld:-
High quality welds in aluminium
Stainless steel,
Ni-Cr alloys,
copper for use in chemical plants,
Longitudinal seams of thin walled SS and
alloy steel pressure pipes
Pipework required for high pressure steam
lines
.
It is used to weld:-
High quality welds in aluminium
Stainless steel,
Ni-Cr alloys,
copper for use in chemical plants,
Longitudinal seams of thin walled SS and
alloy steel pressure pipes
Pipework required for high pressure steam
lines
ENBE 499 15
Applications
.
ENBE 499 16

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