1.

0
1.0

DESIGN OF COMBINED FOUNDATION

Introduction
Loads at the base of column are calculated based upon ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state.
Foundation size is decided based upon loads worked out as per serviceability limit state. It means that base
pressures are worked out at each corner of footing based upon loads derived by serviceability limit state. When
the size of the base has been determinerd from serviceability loadings, the base will then be designed using
ultimate loads

2.0

Design Data
Foundation for

= C8, LIFT

Grade of concrete

M45

Density of concrete

2.5

Grade of steel

Fy460

Existing GL

231.745 m

Depth of foundation below ground level

3.000 m

Founding level

228.745 m

Net SBC of strata

2
20.0 t/m

Density of soil above footing

3
1.8 t/m

=
=
=

2
20.000 t/m
2
25.000 t/m
2
25.000 t/m

Thickness of footing at tip

0.600 m

Thickness of footing at the face of pier

0.600 m

RL of top of footing

229.345 m

Gross SBC of foundation strata

Normal case
Seismic case
Wind case

t/m

C\s area of pier 1

Rectangle In trans. Direction

In Long. Direction

=
=

2.900 m
3.700 m

C\s area of pier 2

Rectangle In trans. Direction

In Long. Direction

=
=

0.400 m
0.700 m

C\s area of pier 1

10.730 m2

C\s area of pier 2

0.280 m2

Dimension of pier 1
at top of footing

In trans. Direction
In Long. Direction

l =
b =

2.900 m
3.700 m

Dimension of pier 2
at top of footing

In trans. Direction
In Long. Direction

l =
b =

0.400 m
0.700 m

1.750 m

Distance of column 1 centre from line 1-1 along x-x

3.0

centre to centre distance between columns in x-x direction

2.300 m

Distance of column 2 centre from line 1-1 along x-x

4.050 m

Distance of column 1 centre from line 2-2 along z-z

2.378 m

Distance of column 2 centre from line 2-2 along z-z

4.263 m

Offset beyond column face

0.000 m

Dimension of footing at top

In trans. Direction
In Long. Direction

=
=

5.800 m
6.600 m

Dimension of footing at bottom

In trans. Direction
In Long. Direction

L =
B =

5.800 m
6.600 m

Load Calculations at bottom of footing

Plan area

Top
Bottom

Volume of footing
Uniform Portion
Varying Portion

Weight of Footing

=
=

=
=

5.800 x
5.800 x

38.280 x
0.6
0.000 x( 6.600 +
6.60 )
2

22.968

6.600
6.600

=
=

2
38.280 m
2
38.280 m

5.80

=
=

22.968 m
' 3
0.000 m

Total

' 3
22.968 m

2.5

Volume of soil above footing upto ground level

= (
38.280 x
3.00 ) - (
22.968 +

2.40 x

10.73 )

'

57.42 t

66.12 m

'

Weight of soil above footing upto ground level

=
66.12 x
1.8

119.02 t

Total weight of footing and soil

176.44 t

Footing and column details are as below

1

z-z

(Longitudinal direction)
+ve

+ve

0.700

col 1

3.700

6.600

col 2

2.900

x-x
(Transverse Direction)
0.400

2
1

5.800

col 2

Ground Level

3.000

col 1

0.60

4.0

SUMMARY OF FORCES AT COLUMN BOTTOM LEVEL UNDER SERVICEABILTY LIMIT

STATE COMBINATION & CALCULATION OF ECCENTRICITY OF LOADINGS)
(Excluding foundation weight and soil above it)
SR. NO. LOAD COMBINATIONS

P
kN

MX
kN-m

MZ
kN-m

ex
m

ez
m

fx
m

fz
m

SERV1 1.0 D.L + 1.0 L.L

1823.9

17.8

-52.8

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.51

SERV2 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 EQX

1515.8

13.4

-45.5

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.51

SERV3 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 EQX

1745.7

16.6

-51.0

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.51

SERV4 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 EQy

1822.4

17.6

-52.9

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.51

SERV5 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 EQy

1898.5

22.3

-55.1

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.50

SERV6 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQX

1808.4

13.0

-53.1

4.08

4.26

8.16

8.51

SERV7 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQX

1708.9

-148.6

-56.8

4.08

4.35

8.17

8.70

SERV8 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQy

1998.0

183.9

-51.5

4.08

4.17

8.15

8.34

SERV9 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQy

1576.9

19.7

-46.8

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.50

10

SERV10 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 WINDx

1457.7

7.5

-44.1

4.08

4.26

8.16

8.52

11

SERV11 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 WINDx

1326.2

-206.2

-48.9

4.09

4.42

8.17

8.84

12

SERV12 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 WINDy

1708.5

233.4

-41.9

4.07

4.13

8.15

8.25

13

SERV13 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 WINDy

1154.3

4.8

-35.0

4.08

4.26

8.16

8.52

14

SERV14 1.0 D.L + 1.0 WINDx

1273.4

17.0

-37.7

4.08

4.25

8.16

8.50

15

SERV15 1.0 D.L - 1.0 WINDx

1405.0

230.7

-32.8

4.07

4.10

8.15

8.20

16

SERV16 1.0 D.L + 1.0 WINDy

1022.7

-208.9

-39.9

17

SERV17 1.0 D.L - 1.0 WINDy

0.0

0.0

0.0

4.09

4.47

8.18

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

(We require to decide the siz of footing based upon fx and fz we have for different load cases)

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

1.200
1.000

0.800
0.600

0.400
0.200

0.000
0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

Footing Plan and elevation

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.93
#DIV/0!

Check for base pressure under serviceability limit state combinations

Plan area of footing at base
ZX

5.800 x

6.600

2
38.280 m

42.108 m

3
37.004 m

6
ZZ

6.600 x

5.800

Base pressure =

P
A

ML
ZL

SR. NO. LOAD COMBINATIONS

I+

Base pressure at all four nodes of footing due to various load combinations is calculated.
I+

5.0

MT
ZT
P

MX

MZ

kN

kN-m

kN-m

BASE PRESSURE AT
REMARK
1
2
3
4
2
2
2
2
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m
kN/m

SERV1 1.0 D.L + 1.0 L.L

3588.23 -1720.86 -2203.00

-6.67

75.07

194.14

112.40 UNSAFE

SERV2 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L +

3280.20 -1432.88 -1834.22
0.8 EQX

2.09

70.15

169.29

101.23

SERV3 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L 3510.11 -1648.04 -2109.64

0.8 EQX

-4.45

73.82

187.85

109.57 UNSAFE

SERV4 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L +

3586.75 -1719.75 -2201.45
0.8 EQy

-6.64

75.05

194.03

112.35 UNSAFE

SERV5 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L 3662.87 -1783.66 -2293.52

0.8 EQy

-8.65

76.06

200.03

115.31 UNSAFE

SERV6 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQX

3572.74 -1715.39 -2185.86

-6.48

75.00

193.14

111.66 UNSAFE

SERV7 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQX

3473.23 -1942.76 -2078.75

-11.58

80.69

193.05

100.77 UNSAFE

SERV8 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQy

3762.38 -1556.28 -2400.63

-3.55

70.37

200.12

126.20 UNSAFE

SERV9 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQy

3341.26 -1479.12 -1906.94

0.62

70.88

173.95

103.69

SAFE

SAFE

6.0

10

SERV10 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L +

3222.09 -1388.85 -1764.59
0.8 WINDx

3.50

69.47

164.84

98.88

SAFE

11

SERV11 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L 3090.52 -1689.50 -1622.97

0.8 WINDx

-3.25

77.00

164.72

84.47

UNSAFE

12

SERV12 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L +

3472.84 -1178.48 -2048.57
0.8 WINDy

7.37

63.35

174.07

118.10

SAFE

13

SERV13 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L 2918.63 -1102.06 -1397.44

0.8 WINDy

12.31

64.65

140.18

87.84

SAFE

14

SERV14 1.0 D.L + 1.0

3037.80 -1192.33 -1539.79
WINDx

9.43

66.06

149.28

92.65

SAFE

15

SERV15
WINDx

-1681.41

16.18

58.53

149.41

107.06

SAFE

16

SERV16 1.0 D.L + 1.0

2787.06 -1402.70 -1255.82
WINDy

5.56

72.18

140.06

73.43

SAFE

17

SERV17
WINDy

1.0

1.0

D.L

D.L

1.0

1.0

3169.37

1764.36

-891.68

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Calculation of eccentricity under loads under ultimate limit state

SR. NO.

MX

MZ

ex

ez

kN

kN-m

kN-m

LOAD COMBINATIONS

DCON1 1.5 D.L

2614.7

25.7

-75.4

4.08

4.25

DCON2 1.5 D.L + 1.5 L.L

2126.3

19.3

-63.9

4.08

4.25

DCON3 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 WINDx

1519.3

13.9

-45.7

4.08

4.25

DCON4 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 WINDx

2186.9

21.1

-63.4

4.08

4.25

DCON5 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 WINDY

2659.5

34.0

-76.9

4.08

4.25

#DIV/0!

DCON6 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 WINDY

2475.9

15.1

-72.8

4.08

4.26

DCON7 1.5 D.L + 1.5 WINDx

2273.2

-314.1

-80.3

4.09

4.40

DCON8 1.5 D.L - 1.5 WINDx

2862.2

363.2

-69.4

4.07

4.14

DCON9 1.5 D.L + 1.5 WINDy

1821.5

24.9

-53.8

4.08

4.25

10

DCON10 1.5 D.L - 1.5 WINDy

1637.9

6.1

-49.7

4.08

4.26

11

DCON11 0.9 D.L + 1.5 WINDx

1435.2

-323.1

-57.2

4.09

4.49

12

DCON12 0.9 D.L - 1.5 WINDx

2024.2

354.1

-46.4

4.07

4.09

13

DCON13 0.9 D.L + 1.5 WINDy

1182.8

2.0

-36.1

4.08

4.26

14

DCON14 0.9 D.L - 1.5 WINDy

1366.3

20.9

-40.2

4.08

4.25

15

DCON15 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 EQx

1569.1

350.0

-32.7

4.07

4.04

16

DCON16 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 EQx

980.0

-327.2

-43.6

4.09

4.60

17

DCON17 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

18

DCON18 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

19

DCON19 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQx

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

20

DCON20 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQx

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

21

DCON21 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

22

DCON22 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

23

DCON23 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQx

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

24

DCON24 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQx

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

7.0

25

DCON25 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

26

DCON26 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQy

0.0

0.0

0.0

#DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Base pressure under Ultimate limit state combinations for design of base
SR. NO. LOAD COMBINATIONS

MX

MZ

BASE PRESSURE AT
1

kN

kN-m

kN-m

kN/m

2
2

3
2

4
2

kN/m

kN/m

kN/m

DCON1 1.5 D.L

5084.83 -2466.58 -3157.64

-11.08

106.08

276.74

159.59

DCON2 1.5 D.L + 1.5 L.L

4596.38 -2009.00 -2573.03

2.83

98.25

237.32

141.90

DCON3 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L +

3283.71 -1435.41 -1838.72
1.2 WINDx

2.00

70.18

169.56

101.38

DCON4 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 4304.09 -2063.70 -2641.74

1.2 WINDx

-7.96

90.06

232.84

134.82

DCON5 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L +

5253.07 -2493.06 -3212.18
1.2 WINDY

-8.79

109.63

283.24

164.83

DCON6 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 5069.47 -2353.99 -2992.88

1.2 WINDY

-4.35

107.46

269.21

157.41

DCON7
WINDx

1.5

D.L

1.5

4866.77 -2817.17 -2774.69

-14.75

119.06

269.02

135.22

DCON8
WINDx

1.5

D.L

1.5

5455.77 -2029.88 -3430.37

1.61

98.03

283.43

187.02

DCON9
WINDy

1.5

D.L

1.5

3832.91 -1704.28 -2202.43

0.14

81.08

200.12

119.17

10

DCON10 1.5 D.L - 1.5

3649.32 -1565.21 -1983.12
WINDy

4.57

78.91

186.10

111.75

11

DCON11 0.9 D.L + 1.5

3446.61 -2028.39 -1764.94
WINDx

-5.83

90.51

185.90

89.56

12

DCON12 0.9 D.L - 1.5

4035.62 -1241.10 -2420.61
WINDx

10.53

69.48

200.31

141.36

13

DCON13 0.9 D.L + 1.5

2664.81 -1135.02 -1432.39
WINDy

3.95

57.86

135.28

81.37

14

DCON14 0.9 D.L - 1.5

2848.41 -1274.09 -1651.70
WINDy

-0.48

60.03

149.30

88.79

15

DCON15 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L

3051.11
+ 1.2 EQx

-1869.88

9.92

48.43

149.49

110.98

16

DCON16 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 2462.11 -1598.20 -1214.21

1.2 EQx

-6.45

69.46

135.09

59.18

17

DCON17 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L

1482.06
+ 1.2 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

18

DCON18 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 1482.06

1.2 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

19

DCON19 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQx

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

20

DCON20 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQx

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

21

DCON21 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQy

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

22

DCON22 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQy

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

23

DCON23 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQx

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

24

DCON24 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQx

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

25

DCON25 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQy

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

26

DCON26 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQy

1482.06

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

-810.91

Maximum base pressure

283.43 kN/m2

Minimum base pressure

-14.75

kN/m2

Assuming that this will be acting uniformly as upward pressure

Corresponding total down ward weight

5455.77 kN

8.0

Average pressures to be applied in STAAD For force calculations

Max 1 & Max 3 & Max 1 & Max 3 & Mem 1
2
4
2
4
SR. NO.

Mem 2

Mem 3

kN/m

kN/m

kN/m

LOAD COMBINATIONS
kN/m2

kN/m2

kN/m

kN/m

DCON1 1.5 D.L

106.08

276.74

700.11

1826.50 1040.0

1486.6

1826.5

DCON2 1.5 D.L + 1.5 L.L

98.25

237.32

648.45

1566.29

925.4

1289.4

1566.3

DCON3 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L +

1.2 WINDx

70.18

169.56

463.19

1119.09

661.1

921.2

1119.1

DCON4 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 1.2 WINDx

90.06

232.84

594.37

1536.73

878.7

1252.4

1536.7

DCON5 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L +

1.2 WINDY

109.63

283.24

723.54

1869.38 1069.3

1523.7

1869.4

DCON6 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 1.2 WINDY

107.46

269.21

709.20

1776.82 1031.3

1454.7

1776.8

DCON7
WINDx

1.5

D.L

1.5

119.06

269.02

785.77

1775.55 1084.4

1476.9

1775.6

DCON8
WINDx

1.5

D.L

1.5

98.03

283.43

646.98

1870.65 1016.2

1501.4

1870.7

DCON9
WINDy

1.5

D.L

1.5

81.08

200.12

535.15

1320.80

772.2

1083.8

1320.8

10

DCON10 1.5 D.L - 1.5

WINDy

78.91

186.10

520.82

1228.23

734.3

1014.8

1228.2

11

DCON11 0.9 D.L + 1.5

WINDx

90.51

185.90

597.38

1226.97

787.3

1037.0

1227.0

12

DCON12 0.9 D.L - 1.5

WINDx

69.48

200.31

458.59

1322.06

719.1

1061.5

1322.1

13

DCON13 0.9 D.L + 1.5

WINDy

57.86

135.28

381.87

892.83

536.0

738.7

892.8

14

DCON14 0.9 D.L - 1.5

WINDy

60.03

149.30

396.21

985.40

574.0

807.6

985.4

15

DCON15 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L

+ 1.2 EQx

48.43

149.49

319.64

986.67

520.9

785.4

986.7

16

DCON16 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L 1.2 EQx

17

69.46

135.09

458.44

891.57

589.1

760.9

891.6

DCON17 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L

#DIV/0!
+ 1.2 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

18

DCON18 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L #DIV/0!

1.2 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

19

DCON19 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQx

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

20

DCON20 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQx

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

21

DCON21 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

22

DCON22 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

23

DCON23 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQx

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

24

DCON24 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQx

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

25

DCON25 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

26

DCON26 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQy

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0!

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

9.0

Design of Footing Slab

1) Design Formulae
The following equations are used which are based upon following modified stress block

K'

0.156

Assuming that the redstribution does not exceed 10%

M
b

d2

fcu

If K is less than or equal to K', compression reinforcement is not required.

Then;

If K is greater than K', compression reinforcement is required.

Then;

Where;

Footing dimension in longitudinal direction i.e in z-z direction

6.600

width of column in longitudinal direction i.e in z-z direction

3.700

7.095

1.5

x width

3 x

effective depth

If the width calculated as above is greater than dimension of footing in longitudinal direction, we will have to provide
reinforcement spanning in transverse direction for total width of footing in longitudinal direction. If the width calculated
as above is lesser than dimension of footing in longitudinal direction , we need to provide two third of reinforcement
spanning In Transverse direction in central width equal to width of column in longitudinal direction + three times the
effective width
Footing dimension in transverse direction i.e in x-x direction
=
2.900
(Considering width for one column as total width is shared between the two)
width of column in longitudinal direction i.e in z-z direction
=
2.900
1.5

x width

3 x

effective width

5.895

m
m
m

If the width calculated as above is greater than dimension of footing in transverse direction, we will have to provide
reinforcement spanning in longitudinal direction for total width of footing in transverse direction. If the width calculated
as above is lesser than dimension of footing in transverse direction , we need to provide two third of reinforcement
spanning In longitudinal direction in central width equal to width of column in transverse direction + three times the
effective width

2) Design of footing in longitudinal direction at top

Critical load case for maximum bending moment at top

Design bending moment at top

Assuming bar dia.

D prov. =

60 cm

d prov

60 -

51.50 cm

K'

0.156

20 mm

7.50

d2

=
6.600 x
= 0.0322

1 nd layer

Assuming that the redstribution does not exceed 10%

M
b

2540 kN-m

fcu

2540.00
0.265 x

45000

< K'

0.496

0.043

As

11722.349 mm2

Min Ast reqd

117.223 cm2

60
100

0.13

51.48

cm2

Hence, max required steel in

Provide TOR
Ast prov

20
=

117.22

Avg. Thickness

117.22 cm2

150 mm c\c in longitudinal direction at Top

2
138.230 cm

Provided steel in for width of

660

6.600 m

OK
=

138.23 cm2

3) Design of footing in longitudinal direction at bottom

Critical load case for maximum bending moment at bottom

Design bending moment at top

Assuming bar dia.

D prov. =

60 cm

d prov

60 -

51.50 cm

K'

0.156

20 mm

7.50

1050 kN-m

1 nd layer

Assuming that the redstribution does not exceed 10%

M
b

=
6.600 x

fcu

1050.00
0.265 x

45000

= 0.0133
K

< K'

0.507

0.017

As

4736.752

Min Ast reqd

mm2

47.368 cm2

0.13

51.48

cm2

Hence, max required steel in

Provide TOR

20

60
100

51.48

660

Avg. Thickness

51.48

cm2

125 mm c\c in longitudinal direction at bottom

2
Ast prov
=
165.876 cm
Provided steel in for width of
6.600 m

OK
=

165.88 cm2

4) Design of footing in transverse direction

width of column in longitudinal direction i.e in z-z direction

2.900

Width to be considered is minimum of the following

=
=

5.835

Half the length provided in transverse direction

2.900

Width for the design

2.900

Maximum upward base pressure

283.43 kN/m2

Maximum downward pressure

46.09

Resultant pressure

237.34 kN/m2

Resultant force

237.34 x

688.29 kN/m

3.913

1.5

x width

3 x

effective width

Critical load case for maximum bending moment at top

Projection beyond face of column

Design bending moment for above width

Assuming bar dia.

D prov. =

60 cm

d prov

60 -

49.50 cm

K'

0.156

20 mm

7.50

d2

=
2.900 x

Assuming that the redstribution does not exceed 10%

M
b

fcu

1580.00
0.245 x

= 0.0494
K

< K'

0.466

0.064

45000

1580 kN-m

1 nd layer

kN/m2

2.900

As

7756.373

Min Ast reqd

mm2

77.564 cm2

0.13

22.62

cm2

Hence, max required steel in

Provide TOR

20

60
100

290

77.56

Avg. Thickness

77.56

cm2

100 mm c\c in transverse direction at bottom

2

Ast prov
=
91.106 cm
Provided steel in for width of
2.900 m

OK
=

91.11

cm2

5) Check for Shear

We require to check shear for the following two cases.

m
0.700

m
3.700

6.600

1.99 m

Section acting at a distance of 2 times the effective depth from the column face, if shear span is more than
4 times the effective depth. If the shear span is less than 4d, critical section for shear shall be taken at a
distance of half the shear span from the face of the column.

#### m

1)

#### m

0.400 m
column 2

#### m

2.900
m
column 1

0.3

2.300

1.55

However maximum shear force from shear force diagram (governing load case) is considered for shear design

Ultimate shear force at face of column/

pedestal
width of section

1530

kN

6.600

effective depth

0.495

Shear Stress v

V
bd

1530000
6600 x

Permissible Max Shear Stress

Hence, thickness is adequate
Provided reinforcement at section
= 138.230
% Ast at section

0.468 mPa

5.0 mPa

495.00

13823.008 x
6600 x

100
495.00

2
138.230 cm

0.423 %

Permissible shear stress

Hence, Shear reinf is not required

0.47 mPa Table 3.8 of BS 8110 Part 1

6) Punching shear consideration

Section for punching shear shall be checked at a distance of 1.5 times the effective depth from the face of the
column.
Average effective depth

51.50

51.50
2

51.5

cm

1.5 times effective depth

0.773

Perimeter for column 1

0.528

0.773

0.000

Perimeter for column 2

16.646 m

0.7725 +

0.773

0.773

=
=

8.380

0.000

0.773

0.773

0.300

0.300

13.200

0.773

0.773

0.773

0.773

0.773

2.200

Dimension of area for punching for col 1

5.001

3.973

19.864 m2

Dimension of area for punching for col 2

2.245

1.945

4.367

Ultimate shear force

Shear Stress v

=
8380.0 x

7576818.6
515.00

2862.16 + ( 283.43 -

7576.82 kN

46.0909 ) x

V
bd

Permissible Max Shear Stress

=
Hence, thickness is adequate from punching shear consideration

1.756 mPa

5.0 mPa

m2

19.864

7) Concrete dimension and reinforcement details

1.99 m
m
0.700

3.700

m
6.600

#### m

a. Concrete dimension details

#### m

0.400 m
column 2

#### m

2.900
m
column 1

0.3

2.300

1.55

0.60

b. Reinforcement details

20

TOR

150

mm c/c
20

20 TOR @

100

mm c/c

20

TOR

125

mm c/c

TOR @ 100
mm c/c

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 04-Jan-14
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 1.75 0 0; 3 4.05 0 0; 4 5.8 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 3; 3 3 4;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 3.3545e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 25
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 3 PRIS YD 0.6 ZD 6.6
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
2 PINNED
3 FIXED BUT FX FZ MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 SELF WEIGHT
*Weight of soil and foundation
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 3 UNI GY 402.6
LOAD 2 200 1.4 D.L + 1.6 L.L
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -867.5 -1118.3
2 TRAP GY -1118.3 -1448.0
3 TRAP GY -1448.0 -1698.8
LOAD 3 203 1.4 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -813.19 -1002.4
2 TRAP GY -1002.4 -1251.1
3 TRAP GY -1251.1 -1440.3
LOAD 4 207 1.0 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -580.52 -715.9
2 TRAP GY -715.9 -893.9
3 TRAP GY -893.9 -1029.3
LOAD 5 211 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 W.L Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -738.73 -946.4
2 TRAP GY -946.4 -1219.3
3 TRAP GY -1219.3 -1426.9
LOAD 6 217 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -878.21 -1139.6

2 TRAP GY -1139.6 -1483.2

3 TRAP GY -1483.2 -1744.6
LOAD 7 218 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -904.97 -1125.0
2 TRAP GY -1125.0 -1414.2
3 TRAP GY -1414.2 -1634.3
LOAD 8 219 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -966.55 -1169.0
2 TRAP GY -1169.0 -1435.0
3 TRAP GY -1435.0 -1637.4
LOAD 9 220 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -816.64 -1095.7
2 TRAP GY -1095.7 -1462.4
3 TRAP GY -1462.4 -1741.5
LOAD 10 221 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -649.71 -823.8
2 TRAP GY -823.8 -1052.6
3 TRAP GY -1052.6 -1226.6
LOAD 11 222 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -676.47 -809.2
2 TRAP GY -809.2 -983.6
3 TRAP GY -983.6 -1116.3
LOAD 12 223 1.14 D.L + 1.1E.Q Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -738.04 -853.1
2 TRAP GY -853.1 -1004.4
3 TRAP GY -1004.4 -1119.5
LOAD 13 224 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -588.14 -779.9
2 TRAP GY -779.9 -1031.8
3 TRAP GY -1031.8 -1223.5
LOAD 14 225 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -501.97 -594.3
2 TRAP GY -594.3 -715.7
3 TRAP GY -715.7 -808.0
LOAD 15 226 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X-VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -475.36 -609
2 TRAP GY -609.0 -784.6
3 TRAP GY -784.6 918.3
LOAD 16 227 0.84 D.L - 1.1E.Q Z+VE
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -413.64 -565.0
2 TRAP GY -565.0 -763.9
3 TRAP GY -763.9 -915.2

LOAD 17 228 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q Z-VE

MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -563.55 -638.3
2 TRAP GY -638.3 -736.5
3 TRAP GY -736.5 -811.2
LOAD COMB 18 SELF WEIGHT + 200 1.4 D.L + 1.6 L.L
1 1.4 2 1.0
LOAD COMB 19 SELF WEIGHT + 203 1.4 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
1 1.4 3 1.0
LOAD COMB 20 SELF WEIGHT + 207 1.0 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
1 1.0 4 1.0
LOAD COMB 21 SELF WEIGHT + 211 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 W.L Z+VE
1 1.2 5 1.0
LOAD COMB 22 SELF WEIGHT + 217 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
1 1.47 6 1.0
LOAD COMB 23 SELF WEIGHT + 218 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
1 1.47 7 1.0
LOAD COMB 24 SELF WEIGHT + 219 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z+VE
1 1.47 8 1.0
LOAD COMB 25 SELF WEIGHT + 220 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
1 1.47 9 1.0
LOAD COMB 26 SELF WEIGHT + 221 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
1 1.14 10 1.0
LOAD COMB 27 SELF WEIGHT + 222 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
1 1.14 11 1.0
LOAD COMB 28 SELF WEIGHT + 223 1.14 D.L + 1.1E.Q Z+VE
1 1.14 12 1.0
LOAD COMB 29 SELF WEIGHT + 224 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
1 1.14 13 1.0
LOAD COMB 30 SELF WEIGHT + 225 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X+VE
1 0.84 14 1.0
LOAD COMB 31 SELF WEIGHT + 226 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X-VE
1 0.84 15 1.0
LOAD COMB 32 SELF WEIGHT + 227 0.84 D.L - 1.1E.Q Z+VE
1 0.84 16 1.0
LOAD COMB 33 SELF WEIGHT + 228 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
1 0.84 17 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH

P1 COLUMN
SERV1 1.0 D.L + 1.0 L.L
SERV2 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 EQX
SERV3 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 EQX
SERV4 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 EQy
SERV5 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 EQy
SERV6 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQX
SERV7 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQX
SERV8 1.0 D.L + 1.0 EQy
SERV9 1.0 D.L - 1.0 EQy
SERV10 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 WINDx
SERV11 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 WINDx
SERV12 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L + 0.8 WINDy
SERV13 1.0 D.L + 0.8 L.L - 0.8 WINDy
SERV14 1.0 D.L + 1.0 WINDx
SERV15 1.0 D.L - 1.0 WINDx
SERV16 1.0 D.L + 1.0 WINDy
SERV17 1.0 D.L - 1.0 WINDy

MX

MZ

DCON1 1.5 D.L

DCON2 1.5 D.L + 1.5 L.L
DCON3 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 WINDx
DCON4 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 WINDx
DCON5 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 WINDY
DCON6 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 WINDY
DCON7 1.5 D.L + 1.5 WINDx
DCON8 1.5 D.L - 1.5 WINDx
DCON9 1.5 D.L + 1.5 WINDy
DCON10 1.5 D.L - 1.5 WINDy
DCON11 0.9 D.L + 1.5 WINDx
DCON12 0.9 D.L - 1.5 WINDx
DCON13 0.9 D.L + 1.5 WINDy
DCON14 0.9 D.L - 1.5 WINDy
DCON15 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 EQx
DCON16 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 EQx
DCON17 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 EQy
DCON18 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L - 1.2 EQy
DCON19 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQx
DCON20 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQx
DCON21 1.5 D.L + 1.5 EQy
DCON22 1.5 D.L - 1.5 EQy
DCON23 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQx
DCON24 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQx
DCON25 0.9 D.L + 1.5 EQy
DCON26 0.9 D.L - 1.5 EQy
P2 COLUMN
100 1.0 D.L + 1.0 L.L
102 1.0 D.L + 1.0 W.LZ +VE
106 1.0 D.L +0.75 L.L + 1.0 W.LZ +VE
110 1.0 D.L +1.0 L.L + 1.0 W.LZ +VE
117 1.07 D.L + 0.75 L.L + 0.54 E.Q X+VE
118 1.07 D.L + 0.75 L.L + 0.54 E.Q X-VE
119 1.07 D.L + 0.75 L.L + 0.54 E.Q Z+VE
120 1.07 D.L + 0.75 L.L + 0.54 E.Q Z-VE
121 1.0 D.L + 0.714 E.QX +VE

P
MX
1823.866 17.761
1515.838 13.435
1745.748
16.56
1822.385 17.602
1898.505 22.301
1808.377 13.041
1708.867 -148.563
1998.015 183.905
1576.903 19.717

MZ
-52.775
-45.504
-51.015
-52.852
-55.121
-53.114
-56.778
-51.456
-46.753

122 1.0 D.L + 0.714 E.QX -VE

123 1.0 D.L + 0.714 E.QZ +VE
124 1.0 D.L + 0.714 E.QZ -VE
125 0.8 D.L - 0.714 E.QX +VE
126 0.8 D.L - 0.714 E.QX -VE
127 0.8 D.L - 0.714 E.QZ +VE
128 0.8 D.L - 0.714 E.QZ -VE

1457.734
7.472
1326.159 -206.204
1708.478 233.393
1154.27
4.753
1273.439 16.998
1405.014 230.674
1022.696 -208.923

-44.099
-48.944
-41.908
-35.014
-37.667
-32.823
-39.859

200 1.4 D.L + 1.6 L.L

201 1.4 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
205 1.0 D.L + 1.4 W.L Z+VE
210 1.2 D.L + 1.2 L.L + 1.2 W.L Z+VE
217 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
218 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
219 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z+VE
220 1.47 D.L + 1.1 L.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
221 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X+VE
222 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q X-VE
223 1.14 D.L + 1.1E.Q Z+VE
224 1.14 D.L + 1.1 E.Q Z-VE
225 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X+VE
226 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q X-VE
227 0.84 D.L - 1.1E.Q Z+VE
228 0.84 D.L - 1.1 E.Q Z-VE

2614.721 25.699
2126.272 19.299
1519.345 13.861
2186.862 21.122
2659.457 33.999
2475.864 15.135
2273.157 -314.058
2862.163 363.192
1821.54
24.93
1637.946
6.066
1435.24 -323.128
2024.246 354.123
1182.751
1.987
1366.344 20.851
1569.05 350.045
980.045 -327.206

-75.354
-63.908
-45.738
-63.423
-76.904
-72.816
-80.28
-69.439
-53.829
-49.742
-57.206
-46.365
-36.114
-40.202
-32.738
-43.578

815.5
861.2
860.1
906.8
951.4
769.9
769.9
805.6
841.2
851.5
876.9
887.2
769.9
769.9
802.0
802.0

191.3
209.1
237.9
239.5
278.0
0.0
0.0
217.3
261.1
314.8
317.4
371.1
0.0
0.0
446
446.3

191.7
223.6
262.1
37.7
45.3
0.0
0.0
149.8
174.8
237.2
74.9
87.6
0.0
0.0
1089.3
-1012.6

802.0
802.0
811.2
811.2
811.2
811.2
811.0
811.0
811.0
811.0
820.3
820.3
820.3
820.3
829.2
829.2
829.2

-450.1
-450.1
445.9
445.9
-453.7
-453.7
489.8
489.8
-491.7
-491.7
458.1
458.1
-469.8
-469.8
500.1
500.1
-509.7

1089.3
-1012.6
1112.2
-1022.7
1112.2
-1022.7
1119.5
-1014.6
1119.5
-1014.6
1091.5
-1076.4
1091.5
-1076.4
1092.6
-1074.5
1092.6

829.2
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
802.0
802.0

-509.7
273.1
273.1
-273.1
-273.1
273.1
273.1
-273.1
-273.1
928.4
928.4

-1074.5
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
353.6
-277.0

Node
L/C
1

Horizontal
Fx kN
21.022
11.309
13.365
14.051
-2.715
45.947
-2.302
45.535
-13.891
50.451
-13.346
49.905
46.795
-17.547
46.249
-17.002

Node
L/C
1

Horizontal
Fx kN
29.98
15.832
8.52
15.467
-19.675
79.451
-18.835
78.611

-28.724
70.402
-27.884
69.562
64.918
-34.208
64.078
-33.368

802.0
802.0
811.2
811.2
811.2
811.2
811.0
811.0
811.0
811.0
820.3
820.3
820.3
820.3
829.2
829.2
829.2
829.2
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
800.0
800.0
800.0
800.0
807.2
807.2
807.2
807.2
809.2
809.2
809.2
809.2
814.3
814.3
814.3
814.3
816.4
816.4
816.4
816.4
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
800.0
800.0

-932.3
-932.3
926.4
926.4
-934.2
-934.2
945.5
945.5
-947.4
-947.4
929.5
929.5
-941.2
-941.2
946.6
946.6
-956.3
-956.3
910.3
910.3
-910.3
-910.3
910.3
910.3
-910.3
-910.3
455.3
455.3
-375.3
-375.3
464.1
464.1
-435.5
-435.5
507.1
507.1
-474.4
-474.4
485.4
485.4
-442.6
-442.6
528.4
528.4
-481.4
-481.4
273.1
273.1
-273.1
-273.1
273.1
273.1
-273.1
-273.1
937.5
937.5

353.6
-277.0
365.0
-275.5
365.0
-275.5
372.5
-267.7
372.5
-267.7
332.7
-317.6
332.7
-317.6
334.1
-316.0
334.1
-316.0
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
1077.3
-1017.4
947.3
-887.4
1095.2
-1025.3
1095.2
-1025.3
1111.4
-1016.5
1111.4
-1016.5
1088.1
-1058.1
1088.1
-1058.1
1094.3
-1059.3
1094.3
-1059.3
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
1034.5
-1034.5
344.2
-284.2

800.0
800.0
807.2
807.2
807.2
807.2
809.2
809.2
809.2
809.2
814.3
814.3
814.3
814.3
816.4
816.4
816.4
816.4
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
792.9
991.7
769.1
533.6
544.4
515.9
515.6
462.6
508.8

-923.2
-923.2
944.6
944.6
-916.1
-916.1
962.8
962.8
-930.1
-930.1
956.7
956.7
-913.9
-913.9
974.9
974.9
-928.0
-928.0
910.3
910.3
-910.3
-910.3
910.3
910.3
-910.3
-910.3
259.3
212.8
419.7
455.6
452.7
308.2
273.5
382.5

344.2
-284.2
353.0
-283.1
353.0
-283.1
366.6
-271.8
366.6
-271.8
336.9
-307.0
336.9
-307.0
340.6
-305.5
340.6
-305.5
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
310.3
-310.3
321.3
467.7
216.6
584.0
201.0
141.1
463.0
138.9

Vertical
Fy kN

Horizontal Moment
Fz kN
Mx kNm
5.036
-7.138
-6.251
-5.956
9.754
0.267
-19.907
29.928
10.127
-2.417
-29.092
36.801
-3.188
9.356
36.03
-29.863

Vertical
Fy kN

Horizontal Moment
Fz kN
Mx kNm
7.287
-9.993
-11.534
-9.345
16.629
-2.697
-43.792
57.724

14.057
-5.269
-46.364
55.152
-6.425
12.901
53.996
-47.52

My kNm Mz kNm
-0.008
0.094
0.091
0.09
-0.123
0.108
0.328
-0.343
-0.157
0.149
0.439
-0.448
0.15
-0.156
-0.447
0.44

My kNm Mz kNm
-0.012
0.131
0.133
0.127
-0.246
0.225
0.673
-0.694

-0.24
0.231
0.679
-0.688
0.232
-0.239
-0.687
0.68