14 - FDWK C4 Ism 07
14 - FDWK C4 Ism 07
14 - FDWK C4 Ism 07
1 365
2
d x2
(e + 5) = 2 xe x
dx
Chapter 7
5. No;
6. Yes;
d
1
1
2x =
(2) =
dx
2 2x
2x
7. Yes;
d
sec x = sec x tan x
dx
8. No;
dy
= 0 represents a line with a slope of
dx
0, we should expect to see horizontal slope
d 1
x = x 2
dx
1. Since
2. The formula
9.
2 = 3(1) 2 + 4 (1) + C
C = 5
dy
= cos x depends only on x,
dx
not on y.
3. Yes; the curves are vertical translations of
each other, so they all have the same slope at
any given value of x.
dy
= cos 0 = 1, so the slope at 0
dx
should be 1. That appears to be the slope of
each curve as it crosses the y-axis.
4. At x = 0,
dy
5. At x = ,
= cos = 1, so the slope
dx
should be 1. That appears to be the slope of
each curve at x = .
6. Yes; the curves themselves are graphs of odd
functions, but we see that the slopes at the
points (x, y) and ( x, y) are the same.
5 = e2(0) + sec(0) + C
C =3
12. y = tan 1 x + ln(2x 1) + C
C=
2. Yes;
3. No;
4. Yes;
dy = (5 x
sec 2 x) dx
y = x5 tan x + C
2.
dy = (sec x tan x e
) dx
y = sec x e + C
y = 3x2 + 4 x + C
d x
e = ex
dx
3.
dy = (sin x e
+ 8 x3 ) dx
y = cos x + e x + 2 x 4 + C
d 4x
e = 4e 4 x
dx
dy = x x2 dx = ln x + x + C
5.
dy = 5
d
( x 2 e x ) = 2 xe x + x 2 e x
dx
2
d x2
e = 2 xe x
dx
4.
ln 5 +
x
1
dx = 5 + tan x + C
x +1
1
366
6.
Section 7.1
1
1
dx
dy
=
2
x
1 x
= sin 1 x 2 x + C
7.
dy = (3t cos(t
8.
dy = cos t e
9.
dy = (sec
10.
sin t
17.
18.
dt = e
+C
cos u du
19.
20.
y = 2e x sin x + 1
6
21.
3 x 2 + 5) dx = x7 x3 + 5 x + C
u = x 7 x3 + 5 x 4
dA = (10 x
10
=x
+ 5 x 4 2 x + 4) dx
5
+ x x + 4x + C
6 = 110 + 15 12 + 4 (1) + C , C = 1
A = x10 + x5 x 2 + 4 x + 1
3
15. dy =
+ 12 dx
2
4
x
x
1
3
= x + x + 12 x + C
3 = 11 + 13 + 12(1) + C , C = 11
y = x 1 + x 3 + 12 x 11 ( x > 0)
16.
x dx
2
= 5 tan x x3 / 2 + C
dy = 5 sec
tan t + et + 6t ) dt
7 = 5 tan(0) (0)3/ 2 + C , C = 7
ds = t (3t 2) dt = t
t2 + C
s = t3 t 2
dy d x
d x
sin(t 2 ) dt
=
f (t ) dt =
dx dx a
dx 1
x
y = sin (t 2 ) dt + 5
1
1 = 17 13 + 5 + C , C = 4
14.
dv = (4 sec t
(t > 0)
0 = (1)3 (1)2 + C , C = 0
cos x dx = 2e x sin x + C
3 = 2e sin(0) + C , C = 1
du = (7 x
+ 6t + C
v = 4 sec t + et + 3t 2
< t <
2
2
13.
5 = 4 sec(0) + e0 + 3(0)2 + C, C = 0
2 = 3 cos(0) + C , C = 5
y = 3 cos x + 5
x
= 4 sec t + et + 3t 2 + C
dy = 3 sin x dx = 3 cos x + C
dy = 2e
x = ln t + t 1 + 6t 7
= sin 4 u + C
12.
dx = t t 2 + 6 dt = ln t + t
0 = ln(1) + 11 + 6(1) + C, C = 7
= (sin u )4 + C
11.
ln 2 dt = tan 1 t + 2t + C
y = tan 1 t + 2t + 2
)) dt = sin(t 3 ) + C
sin t
3 = tan 1 (0) + 20 + C, C = 2
( x5 )(5 x 4 )) dx = tan( x5 ) + C
dy = 4 (sin u)
dy = 1 + t 2 + 2
22.
du d x
d x
= f (t ) dt = 2 + cos t dt
a
dx dx
dx 0
u=
2 + cos t dt 3
23. F ( x) =
d x
d x cos t
f (t ) dt =
e dt
a
dx
dx 2
x
F ( x) = ecos t dt + 9
2
24. G ( s) =
d s
d s
f (t ) dt = 3 tan t dt
ds a
ds 0
G( s) =
s3
tan t dt + 4
( sin 0)2 = 0
( sin 1)2 > 0
(sin( 1))2 > 0
y = 5 tan x x3/ 2 + 7
33.
(sin 0)3 = 0
(sin1) > 0
34.
29.
dy
= 0. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (c).
35. When x = 0,
2
1
1
30.
2
1
dy
dy
> 0 and when y < 0,
< 0.
dx
dx
The only graph satisfying these conditions is
graph (e).
31.
2
1
dy
dy
> 0 and when x < y,
< 0.
dx
dx
The only graph satisfying these conditions is
graph (a).
32.
2
1
1
368
Section 7.1
dy
dy
> 0 and when y < x,
< 0.
dx
dx
The only graph satisfying these conditions is
graph (d).
dy
= 0. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (c).
43. When y = x,
dy
< 0 while in
dx
dy
dy
quadrants II and IV,
> 0. When x = 0,
dx
dx
is undefined. The only graph satisfying these
conditions is graph (b).
dy
< 0 while in
dx
dy
dy
quadrants II and IV,
> 0. When y = 0,
dx
dx
is undefined. The only graph satisfying these
conditions is graph (f).
dy
= 0. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (e).
44. When y = x,
dy
dy
= 0. When x = 1,
= 1. The
dx
dx
only graph satisfying these conditions is graph
(b).
45. When x = 0,
dy
= 0. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (a).
46. When x = 0 or y = 0,
dy
= 1. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (d).
41. When x = 0 or x = 1,
47. (a)
dy
= 5. The only graph
dx
satisfying this condition is graph (f).
42. When y = 0,
48. (a)
(b) The solution to the initial value problem includes only the continuous portion of the function y =
51.
dy
dy
= 2(1) + (2) = 0 so the correct graph is (c). At (2, 1),
= 2(1) + 2 = 4.
dx
dx
dy
dy
= (1)2 2 = 1 so the correct graph is (b). At (2, 1),
= (1)2 (2) = 3.
dx
dx
dy
dx
dy
x
dx
= x 1
(1, 2)
0.0
0.1
(1.1, 2)
(1.1, 2)
0.1
0.1
0.01
(1.2, 2.01)
(1.2, 2.01)
0.2
0.1
0.02
(1.3, 2.03)
= y 1
(1, 3)
2.0
0.1
0.2
(1.1, 3.2)
(1.1, 3.2)
2.2
0.1
0.22
(1.2, 3.42)
(1.2, 3.42)
2.42
0.1
0.242
(1.3, 3.662)
= yx
(1, 2)
1.0
0.1
0.1
(1.1, 2.1)
(1.1, 2.1)
1.0
0.1
0.1
(1.2, 2.2)
(1.2, 2.2)
1.0
0.1
0.1
(1.3, 2.3)
(x, y)
y =
(x + x, y + y)
y = 2.03
52.
(x, y)
dy
dx
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
y = 3.662
53.
(x, y)
dy
dx
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
y = 2.3
1
that
x
370
54.
Section 7.1
(x, y)
dy
dx
= 2x y
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
(1, 0)
2.0
0.1
0.2
(1.1, 0.2)
(1.1, 0.2)
2.0
0.1
0.2
(1.2, 0.4)
(1.2, 0.4)
2.0
0.1
0.2
(1.3, 0.6)
y = 0.6
55.
(x, y)
dy
dx
= 2x
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
(2, 1)
0.0
0.1
0.0
(1.9, 1)
(1.9, 1)
0.1
0.1
0.01
(1.8, 0.99)
(1.8, 0.99)
0.2
0.1
0.02
(1.7, 0.97)
y = 0.97
56.
(x, y)
dy
dx
= 1+ y
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
(2, 0)
1.0
0.1
0.1
(1.9, 0.1)
(1.9, 0.1)
0.9
0.1
0.09
(1.8, 0.19)
(1.8, 0.19)
0.81
0.1
0.081
(1.7, 0.271)
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
y = 0.271
57.
(x, y)
dy
dx
= x y
y =
(2, 2)
0.0
0.1
(1.9, 2.0)
(1.9, 2)
0.1
0.1
0.01
(1.8, 2.01)
(1.8, 2.01)
0.21
0.1
0.021
(1.7, 2.031)
y = 2.031
58.
(x, y)
dy
dx
= x 2y
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
(2, 1)
0.0
0.1
0.0
(1.9, 1.0)
(1.9, 1)
0.1
0.1
0.01
(1.8, 1.01)
(1.8, 1.01)
0.22
0.1
0.022
(1.7, 1.032)
y = 1.032
59. (a) Graph (b)
(b) The slope is always positive, so (a) and (c) can be ruled out.
60. (a) Graph (b)
(b) The solution should have positive slope when x is negative, zero slope when x is zero and negative slope
dy
= x.
when x is positive since slope =
dx
Graphs (a) and (c) dont show this slope pattern.
61. There are positive slopes in the second quadrant of the slope field. The graph of y = x 2 has negative slopes in
the second quadrant.
62. The slope of y = sin x would be +1 at the origin, while the slope field shows a slope of zero at every point on
the y-axis.
63.
dy
dx
y =
dy
x
dx
= 2x +1
(1, 3)
3.0
0.1
0.3
(1.1, 3.3)
(1.1, 3.3)
3.2
0.1
0.32
(1.2, 3.62)
(1.2, 3.62)
3.4
0.1
0.34
(1.3, 3.96)
(1.3, 3.96)
3.6
0.1
0.36
(1.4, 4.32)
(x, y)
(x + x, y + y)
y = 4.32
Eulers Method gives an estimate f(1.4) 4.32.
The solution to the initial value problem is f(x) = x 2 + x + 1, from which we get f(1.4) = 4.36. The
4.36 4.32
percentage error is thus
= 0.9%.
4.36
64.
(x, y)
dy
dx
= 2x 1
y =
dy
x
dx
(x + x, y + y)
(2, 3)
3.0
0.1
0.3
(1.9, 2.7)
(1.9, 2.7)
2.8
0.1
0.28
(1.8, 2.42)
(1.8, 2.42)
2.6
0.1
0.26
(1.7, 2.16)
(1.7, 2.16)
2.4
0.1
0.24
(1.6, 1.92)
y = 1.92
Eulers Method gives an estimate f(1.6) 1.92. The solution to the initial value problem is f(x) = x 2 x + 1,
1.96 1.92
from which we get f(1.6) = 1.96. The percentage error is thus
= 2%.
1.96
65. At every (x, y), (e( x y )/ 2 )(e( y x)/ 2 ) = e0 = 1, so the slopes are negative reciprocals. The slope lines are
therefore perpendicular.
66. Since the slopes must be negative reciprocals, g ( x) =
1
= cos x.
sec x
dy
= sin x, so y = cos x + C for any constant C.
dx
dy
= x, so y = 0.5 x 2 + C for any constant C.
dx
372
Section 7.1
dy d 1 x 2
= +
+ C1
dx dx x 2
1
=
+x
x2
1
= x .
x2
dy d 1 x 2
For x > 0,
= +
+ C2
dx dx x 2
1
=
+x
x2
1
= x .
x2
dy
And for x = 0,
is undefined.
dx
dy
72. E; y < 0, x 2 > 0, therefore
< 0.
dx
2
73. B; y(0) = e0 = 1
2
dy
= 2 xe x = 2 xy.
dx
74. A
75. (a)
dy
1
=x
dx
x2
dy
2
dx dx = ( x x ) dx
x2
x2 1
y = + x 1 + C = + + C
2
2 x
Initial condition: y(1) = 2
C1 =
(e) y(2) = 1
1 22
+
+ C2
2 2
5
1 = + C2
2
7
= C2
2
1 =
12 1
+ +C
2 1
3
2 = +C
2
1
=C
2
2=
Solution: y =
y(2) = 2
(2)2
1
+
+ C1
(2)
2
3
2 = + C1
2
1
= C1
2
1
7
Thus, C1 =
and C2 = .
2
2
2=
x2 1 1
+ + ,x>0
2 x 2
x2 1
+ + C.
2 x
Initial condition: y(1) = 1
(b) Again, y =
(1)2
1
+
+C
(1)
2
1
+C
1=
2
3
=C
2
1=
Solution: y =
3
1
and C2 = .
2
2
x2 1 3
+ + ,x<0
2 x 2
76. (a)
(b)
d
1
(ln x + C ) = for x > 0
dx
x
d
1 d
[ln ( x) + C ] =
( x)
dx
x dx
1
= (1)
x
1
=
x
for x < 0
y = 6 x 2 + 4 x + C1
y = (6 x 2 + 4 x + C1 ) dx
3
y = 2 x + 2 x + C1 x + C2
(b) y = (e x + sin x) dx
y = e x cos x + C1
y = (e x cos x + C1 )dx
y = e x sin x + C1 x + C2
3
(c) y = ( x + x ) dx
3
x4
1
+ C1
4 2 x2
x4
+ C1 dx
y =
4 2 x2
5
x
1
y=
+
+ C1 x + C2
20 2 x
y =
y = 8 x3 10 x + C
3 = 8(1)3 10(1) + C
C =5
y = (8 x 10 x + 5)dx
3
y = 2 x4 5 x2 + 5x + C
y = sin x + cos x + C
2 = sin 0 + cos 0 + C
C =1
y = (sin x + cos x + 1) dx
y = cos x + sin x + x + C
0 = cos 0 + sin 0 + 0 + C
C =1
y = cos x + sin x + x + 1
(c) y = (e x x ) dx
x2
+C
2
02
0 = e0
+C
2
C = 1
2
y = e x x 1 dx
y = e x
x3
x+C
6
03
1 = e0 0 + C
6
C=0
y = ex
y = ex
x3
x
6
79. (a) y = x
y = x dx =
x2
+C
2
(b) y = x
y = ( x) dx =
x2
+C
2
(c) y = y
d
(Ce x ) = Ce x
dx
y = Ce x
(d) y = y
d
(Ce x ) = Ce x
dx
y = Ce x
374
Section 7.2
(e) y = xy
d x
Ce
dx
y = Ce x
/2
/2
= Cxe
x /2
2.
u4
( x 2 )4
x8
+C =
+C =
+C
4
4
4
3.
f (u) = u 3 = ( x 2 )3 = x6
80. (a) y = x
x2
+ C1
2
x2
x3
+ C1 dx =
+ C1 x + C2
y =
2
y = x dx =
f (u) dx = x6 dx =
4. No
Quick Review 7.2
(b) y = x
x2
+ C1
2
x2
x3
+ C1 dx = + C1 x + C2
y =
2
y = ( x ) dx =
2 4
x dx
0
1.
2.
1 5
1
1
32
x = (2)5 (0)5 =
5 0 5
5
5
5
2
= ( x 1)3/ 2
3
1
2 3 / 2 2 3/ 2
= (4) (0)
3
3
2
16
= (8) =
3
3
y = (cos x + C1 ) dx = sin x + C1 x + C2
(d) y = y
d
(C1e x + C2 e x ) = C1e x C2 e x = y
dx
d
(C1e x C2 e x ) = C1e x + C2 e x = y
dx
y = C1e x + C2 e x
x 1 dx = ( x 1)1/ 2 dx
(c) y = sin x
3.
dy
= 3x
dx
4.
dy
= 3x
dx
5.
dy
= 4( x3 2 x 2 + 3)3 (3 x 2 4 x)
dx
(e) y = y
dy
= 2 sin (4x 5) cos (4x 5) 4
dx
= 8 sin (4x 5) cos (4x 5)
d
(C1 sin x + C2 cos x)
dx
= C1 cos x C2 sin x
= y
6.
d
( C1 cos x C2 sin x )
dx
= C1 sin x C2 cos x
7.
dy
1
=
sin x = tan x
dx cos x
y = C1 sin x + C2 cos x
8.
dy
1
=
cos x = cot x
dx sin x
9.
dy
1
=
(sec x tan x + sec 2 x)
dx sec x + tan x
f (u) du
and
Same Thing?
1.
x7
+C
7
f (u) du = u
du =
u4
+C
4
f (u) dx
the
10.
dy
1
=
( csc x cot x csc 2 x)
dx csc x + cot x
=
13.
f (u) du =
2
= u 3/ 2 + C
3
2
= x3 + C
3
f (u) dx = u dx
= x 2 dx
= x dx
(cos x 3x
2.
3.
2 1
t 3 1
t
dt
t2 3 + t + C
) dx = sin x x + C
14.
dt
5.
(3 x
t +C
( 2e
2 x 3 + sec 2 x) dx
du =
f (u) du = e
du = eu + C = e7 x + C
f (u) du = e
dx = e7 x dx =
16.
2 3/ 2
x +C
3
1
1
9. e2 x + C = e2 x (2) = e2 x
2
2
f (u) du = sin u du
f (u) dx = sin u dx
= sin 4 x dx
1
= cos 4 x + C
4
17. u = 3 x
du = 3 dx
1
du = dx
3
sin 3x dx = 3 sin u du
1
= cos u + C
3
1
= cos 3x + C
3
1 x
1
10.
5 +C =
5 x (ln 5) = 5 x
ln
5
ln
5
11. (tan 1 u + C ) =
12. (sin 1u + C ) =
1
1 + u2
1
1 u2
1 7x
e +C
7
= cos u + C
= cos 4 x + C
+ sec x tan x x dx
= 2e x + sec x
3
= x5 + x 2 + tan x + C
5
6.
1 3
1
u + C = x15 + C
3
3
1
f (u) dx = u 2 dx = x10 dx = x11 + C
11
f (u) du = u
15.
t 2 + 1 = tan
1 2
x +C
2
dx = x 1 + C
4.
u du
Check:
d 1
1
18. u = 2 x 2
du = 4 x dx
x dx =
1
du
4
376
Section 7.2
1
cos u du
4
1
= sin u + C
4
1
= sin(2 x 2 ) + C
4
d 1
1
2
2
Check:
sin(2 x ) + C = cos(2 x )(4 x)
dx 4
4
x cos(2 x
) dx =
dx
3 du
9 u2 + 1
1 du
=
3 u2 +1
1
= tan 1 u + C
3
1
x
= tan 1 + C
3
3
=
= x cos(2 x 2 )
19. u = 2 x
du = 2 dx
1
du = dx
2
3du
x 2 + 9 = 9u 2 + 9
Check:
d 1 1 x
1
+C =
tan
3
dx 3
3
1
1+
20. u = 7 x 2
du = 7dx
1
du = dx
7
28(7 x 2)
21.
22. u = 1 r 3
du = 3r 2 dr
1
du = r 2 dr
3
9r 2 dr
1 du
= 9
3 u
1 r3
= 3 u 1/ 2 du
= 6 1 r 3 + C
Check:
3
1
28u 3 du
7
= u4 + C
dx =
d
(7 x 2)4 + C = 4(7 x 2)3 (7)
dx
= 28(7 x 2)3
x
3
1
du = dx
3
3 du = dx
u=
1
1
=
3 9 + x2
= 3(2)u1/ 2 + C
= (7 x 2)4 + C
Check:
( 3x )
x = 3u
x 2 = 9u 2
d
1
3
(3r 2 )
6 1 r + C = 6
3
dx
2 1 r
9r 2
=
1 r3
t
2
1
t
du = sin dt
2
2
t
2 du = sin dt
2
23. u = 1 cos
t
t
2
1 cos 2 sin 2 dt = 2 u du
2
= u3 + C
3
3
2
t
= 1 cos + C
3
2
Check:
d 2
t
1 cos + C
2
dx 3
28. Let u = +
2
du = d
sec + 2 tan + 2 d
= sec u tan u du
t
t 1
= 2 1 cos sin
2
2
2
2
t
t
= 1 cos sin
2
2
= sec u + C
= sec + + C
2
24. u = y 4 + 4 y 2 + 1
du = (4 y 3 + 8 y) dy
du = 4( y 3 + 2 y) dy
29.
+ 4 y 2 + 1)2 ( y3 + 2 y)dy
1
= 8 u 2 du
4
2 3
= u +C
3
2
= ( y 4 + 4 y 2 + 1)3 + C
3
d 2 4
Check:
( y + 4 y 2 + 1)3 + C
dx 3
tan(4 x + 2) dx
u = 4x + 2
du = 4 dx
1
du = dx
4
1
tan u du
4
1
= ln cos (4 x + 2) + C or
4
1
ln sec (4 x + 2) + C
4
1
du = ( y 3 + 2 y) dy
4
8( y
30.
3(sin x)
dx = 3
= 2( y 4 + 4 y 2 + 1)2 (4 y 3 + 8 y)
= 8( y 4 + 4 y 2 + 1)2 ( y 3 + 2 y)
25. Let u = 1 x
du = dx
dx
du
(1 x)2 = u 2
= 3 cot x + C
26. Let u = x + 2
du = dx
2
( x + 2) dx = sec 2 u du
= tan u + C
= tan( x + 2) + C
du = csc 2 x dx
du = sec 2 x dx
dx
sin 2 x
= 3 csc 2 x dx
31. Let u = 3z + 4
du = 3 dz
1
du = dz
3
= u 1 + C
1
=
+C
1 x
sec
378
Section 7.2
33. Let u = ln x
1
du = dx
x
ln 6 x
dx = u 6 du
x
1
= u7 + C
7
1
= (ln 7 x) + C
7
x
34. Let u = tan
2
1
x
du = sec 2 dx
2
2
7 x
2 x
7
tan 2 sec 2 dx = 2 u du
1
= 2 i u8 + C
8
1 8x
= tan + C
4
2
35. Let u = s 8
4
du = s1/ 3 ds
3
3
du = s1/ 3 ds
4
1/ 3
36.
= 6u 1 + C
6
=
+C
2 + sin t
3
cos u du
4
3
= sin u + C
4
3
= sin( s 4 / 3 8) + C
4
dx
40.
1
csc 2u du
3
1
= cot u + C
3
1
= cot(3x) + C
3
x sec 2 x dx
du = sec 2 x dx
1 3
1 3
2
u du = 3 u + C = 3 tan x + C
41.
3x dx =
tan
u = tan x
3x dx
Let u = 3 x
du = 3 dx
1
du = dx
3
dx
x ln x
u = ln x
dx
du =
x
x du = dx
du
u = ln u = ln(ln x) + C
cos( s 4 / 3 8) ds =
sin 2 3x = csc
csc
39.
4/3
x dx
x2 + 1
u = x2 + 1
du = 2 x dx
1
du = x dx
2
1 du
1
1
= ln u + C = ln( x 2 + 1) + C
2 x2 + 1 2
2
x
5u = x
5
1
du = dx 25u 2 = x 2
5
5du = dx
40 dx
200 du
x 2 + 25 = 25u 2 + 5
200 du
=
25 u 2 + 1
42. Let u =
sec x dx = u du
= ln u + C
= ln sec x + tan x + C
46.
= 8 tan 1 u + C
x
= 8 tan 1 + C
5
43.
dx
sin 3x
cot 3x = cos 3x dx
Let u = cos 3x
du = 3 sin 3x dx
1
du = sin 3x dx
3
dx
1 1
cot 3x = 3 u du
1
= ln u + C
3
1
= ln cos 3x + C
3
(An equivalent expression is
1
ln sec 3x + C .)
3
44. Let u = 5x + 8
du = 5 dx
1
du = dx
5
dx
1 1/ 2
5x + 8 = 5 u du
1
= 2u1/ 2 + C
5
2
5x + 8 + C
=
5
sec x + tan x
45. sec x dx = sec x
dx
sec x + tan x
csc x + cot x
47.
sin
2 x dx = (sin 2 2 x) sin 2 x dx
= (1 cos2 2 x) sin 2 x dx
Let u = cos 2 x
du = 2 sin 2 x dx
1
du = sin 2 x dx
2
1
= (1 u 2 )du
2
1
u3
= u + C
2
3
u u3
= +
+C
2 6
cos 2 x cos3 2 x
=
+
+C
2
6
48.
sec
x dx = (sec 2 x) sec 2 x dx
= (1 + tan 2 x) sec 2 x dx
Let u = tan x
du = sec 2 x dx
= (1 + u 2 )du
u3
+C
3
tan 3 x
= tan x +
+C
3
=u+
380
Section 7.2
cos 2 x = 1 2 sin 2 x
49.
2 sin x = 1 cos 2 x
2
2 sin x dx = (1 cos 2 x) dx
Let u = 2x
du = 2 dx
1
du = dx
2
1
= (1 cos u) du
2
1
= (u sin u ) + C
2
1
= (2 x sin 2 x) + C
2
sin 2 x
= x
+C
2
52.
(cos x sin x) dx
= (cos2 x + sin 2 x)(cos2 x sin 2 x) dx
= (1)(cos 2 x) dx
4
1
sin 2 x + C
2
53. Let u = y + 1
du = dy
3
x dx = 2(1 + cos 2 x) dx
Let u = 2x
du = 2 dx
= (1 + cos u) du
= u + sin u + C
= 2 x + sin 2 x + C
51.
tan x dx
= tan 2 x tan 2 x dx
= tan 2 x (sec 2 x 1) dx
= (tan 2 x sec 2 x tan 2 x) dx
= (tan 2 x sec 2 x sec 2 x + 1) dx
= (tan 2 x sec 2 x sec 2 x) dx + 1 dx
= (tan 2 x 1) sec 2 x dx + dx
u(0) = 0 + 1 = 1
u(3) = 3 + 1 = 4
4
y + 1 dy = u1/ 2 du
1
2
= u 3/ 2
3
1
2 3/ 2 2 3/ 2
= (4) (1)
3
3
2
2
= (8)
8
3
14
=
3
4 cos
54. Let u = 1 r 2
du = 2r dr
1
du = r dr
2
1
u(1) = 1 12 = 0
1 0 1/ 2
1
u du = u 3 / 2
1
2
3
1 3/ 2 1 3 / 2
= 0 + 1
3
3
1
=
3
55. Let u = tan x, u = tan = 1,
4
4
u(0) = tan(0) = 0
du = sec 2 x dx
0
/4 tan x sec
x dx = u du
1
du = sec 2 x dx
= (u 2 1) du + dx
1
= u3 u + x + C
3
1 3
= tan x tan x + x + C
3
r 1 r 2 dr =
Let u = tan x
u(0) = 1 02 = 1
1 2
u
2 1
1
1
= (0) (1)2
2
2
1
=
2
=
56. Let u = 4 + r 2
u (1) = 4 + 12 = 5
du = 2r dr
u(1) = 4 + (1)2 = 5
1
du = r dr
2
1
5r
5 5 2
1 (4 + r 2 )2 dr = 2 5 u du = 0
57. Let u = 1 + 3/ 2
3
du = 1/ 2 d
2
2
du = 1/ 2 d
3
1
10
60.
/6
2 2
1/ 2
61.
du = (5t 4 + 2) dt
1
dx
9 du
1 4 1/ 2
cos x
4 + 3 sin x dx = 3 4 u du = 0
59. Let u = t + 2t
0 x + 2
u = x+2
du = dx
20 1
3 2
10
=
3
=
1 1/ 2 3
u du
2 1
1 1
= u 2
2 2
1
2
1 1
= 1
4 2
1
= (3)
4
3
=
4
du
20 1
u
3
1
20 1
= 1
3 2
u(0) = 0 + 0 = 0
u(1) = 1 + 2 = 3
3
t 5 + 2t (5t 4 + 2) dt = u1/ 2 du
0
2
= u3/ 2
3
0
2 3/ 2
= (3)
3
2
27
=
3
=2 3
u(0) = cos 0 = 1
1
u = cos =
3 2
6
cos3 2 sin 2 d
u(0) = 1 + 0 = 1
u(0) = 1 + 1 = 2
0 (1 + 3/ 2 )2 d = 3 (10)1 u
Let u = cos 2
du = 2 sin 2 d
1
du = sin 2 d
2
62.
u(0) = 0 + 2 = 2
u ( 7) = 7 + 2 = 9
9
= ln u
2
9
= ln = 1.504
2
dx
2 2 x 3
u = 2x 3
du = 2 dx
1
du = dx
2
1 7 du 1
= ln u
2 1 u
2
63.
u(2) = 4 3 = 1
u (5) = 10 3 = 7
=
1
1
1
1
ln 7 ln 1 = ln 7
2
2
2
dt
1 t 3
u=t3
u(1) = 1 3 = 2
du = dt
u(2) = 2 3 = 1
1 du
1
2 u = ln u 2
= ln 1 ln 2
= ln 1 ln 2
1
= ln
2
382
64.
Section 7.2
3 /4
/ 4
cot x dx =
3 /4
/4
du = cos x dx
65.
2 /2
3
x dx
x2 + 1
u (1) = (1)2 + 1 = 2
u(3) = 32 + 1 = 10
1
du = x dx
2
10
1 10 du 1
= ln u
2 2 u
2
2
1
= (ln 10 ln 2)
2
1
= ln 5
2
2
1/ 2
du
1 4
x +9
2
0
1
1
=
10
9
2
2
1
3
=
10
2
2
dx =
u = 1 cos = 1
2
6
u = 1 cos = 2
3
(a)
/3
21
/6 (1 cos 3x)sin 3x dx = 1 3 u du
2
1
= u2
6 1
1
1
= (2)2 (1)2
6
6
1
=
2
e x dx
3 + ex
u = 3 + ex
u (0) = 3 + e0 = 3 + 1 = 4
du = e x dx
u(2) = 3 + e 2
3+ e 2
du
3+ e 2
= ln u
4
u
= ln(3 + e2 ) ln 4
(b)
x3
0 x4 + 9
du = 2 x dx
1
= u1/ 2 + C
2
1 4
=
x +9 +C
2
=0
x3
x 4 + 9 dx = 4 u
u = x2 + 1
66.
(b)
2
u = sin =
2
4
4
2
3
3
u = sin =
2
4
4
u = sin x
2 / 2 du
cos x dx
sin x
x dx
x4 + 9
10 1 1/ 2
u
9 4
10
/6 (1 cos 3x)sin 3x dx
du
1
= u1/ 2
2
9
1
1
=
10
9
2
2
1
3
=
10
2
2
/3
1
= (1 cos 3x)2
6
/6
1 2 1 2
= (2) (1)
6
6
1
=
2
where f ( x) = ln
f ( x ) =
=
cos 3
cos x
+ 5.
d cos 3
+ 5
ln
dx cos x
cos 3
cos 3
+ 5 = ln 1 + 5 = 5
75. B;
( ln cos 3 ln cos x + 5)
dx
d
= ln cos x
dx
1
=
( sin x)
cos x
= tan x
f (3) = ln
74. E;
f (b) du
f ( x)dx
=
f
(a) u
f ( x)
= ln u
f (b)
f (a)
2 2x
e dx
0
5 a
3a
76. A;
e2 x
2
=
0
e4 1
2
5
f ( x a) dx = F ( x a) 3
= F (5 a) F (3 a)
=7
5 a
f ( x) dx = F ( x) 3a
= F (5 a) F (3 a)
=7
d
sin x = cos x
dx
cos = 0
2
cos (0) = 1
cos = 0
2
77. (a) Let u = x + 1
du = dx
x + 1 dx = u1/ 2 du
2 3/ 2
u +C
3
2
= ( x + 1)3/ 2 + C
3
Alternatively,
d 2
3/ 2
( x + 1) + C = x + 1.
dx 3
of
x + 1.
= ln f (b) ln f (a)
= ln f (b) ln f (a)
f (b)
= ln
f ( a)
73. D
384
Section 7.2
y1
1.219
2.797
4.667
6.787
y2
4.667
3.448
1.869
2.120
y1 y2
4.667
4.667
4.667
4.667
4.667
C=4
2
3
(d) C = y1 y2
0
x
x + 1 dx +
x + 1 dx
3
3
0
3
78. (a)
x + 1 dx
x + 1 dx
x + 1 dx
d
[ F ( x) + C ] should equal f ( x).
dx
(b) The slope field should help you visualize the solution curve y = F ( x).
x
= u1/ 2
= x2 + 1 + C
Therefore, we may let F ( x) = x 2 + 1.
(a)
d
1
( x2 + 1 + C) =
( 2 x)
dx
2 x2 + 1
x
=
x2 + 1
= f ( x)
(b)
(c)
(d)
x
y1
1.000
1.414
2.236
3.162
4.123
y2
0.000
0.414
1.236
2.162
3.123
y1 y2
(e)
79. (a)
2 sin x cos x dx = 2u du
= u2 + C
= sin 2 x + C
(b)
2 sin x cos x dx = 2u du
= u 2 + C
= cos2 x + C
(c) Since sin 2 x ( cos2 x) = 1, the two answers differ by a constant (accounted for in the constant of
integration).
80. (a)
2 sec
x tan x dx = 2u du
= u2 + C
= tan 2 x + C
(b)
2 sec
x tan x dx = 2u du
= u2 + C
= sec 2 x + C
386
Section 7.3
dx
1 + x2
cos u du
1 x2
dx
84. (a)
(b)
dx
1+ x
= u +C
= sin 1 x + C
1 + tan 2 u
/ 3 sec 2 u du
=
0
sec u
/3
/3
sec u du
sec u du
(
)
= ln ( 2 + 3 )
= ln 2 + 3 ln (1 + 0)
= 1du
1 x2
sec 2 u du
= ln sec u + tan u / 3
tan
1 sin 2 u
cos u du
cos2 u
= 1du.
(b)
tan 1 3
82. (a)
sec 2 u du
dx
1 + x2 = 1 + tan 2 u
=
sec 2 u du
sec 2 u
= 1 du
(b)
dx
1 + x 2 = 1du
1. u = 1
dv = x cos x
= tan 1 x + C
83. (a)
1 x
/4
(b)
1/ 2
cos y
2 sin 2 y dy
xdx
1 x
/4
/4
v = x dx = x 2
1 sin 2 y
/ 4 2 sin 2 y cos y dy
du = sin x
dv = x dx
sin 1 1/ 2
sin
3. u = cos x
xdx
du = cos x x sin x
v = dx = 1
= u +C
1/ 2
du = 0
v = x cos x dx
2 sin 2 y dy
1.
(1 cos 2 y)dy
= [ y (1 / 2)sin 2 y ]0 / 4
1
= sin [0 0]
2
4 2
( 2)
=
4
2.
dy
= ( x3 )(cos 2 x)(2) + (sin 2 x)(3x 2 )
dx
= 2 x3 cos 2 x + 3x 2 sin 2 x
dy
3
2x
= (e 2 x )
+ ln (3x + 1)(2e )
dx
3x + 1
=
3e2 x
+ 2e2 x ln (3x + 1)
3x + 1
3.
dy
1
2
=
2 =
2
dx 1 + (2 x)
1 + 4x 2
4.
dy
1
=
dx
1 ( x + 3)2
5.
6.
7.
y = tan 1 3 x
tan y = 3x
1
x = tan y
3
=
=
2.
cos +
y=
2x
cos 0
1 2
x cos x + C
2
y(0) = 1 + C = 2, C = 3
1
y = x 2 cos x + 3
2
dx
u=x
v = e x dx = e x
du = dx
xe e dx = xe x e x + C
x
3.
3 t e
2t
dt
dv = e 2t dt
v = e2t dt =
u = 3t
du = 3 dt
e 2t
2
e 2t
e 2t
3
3
3
dt = te2t e 2t + C
3t
2
2
2
4
4.
2 t cos (3t ) dt
dv = cos 3t dt v = cos (3t ) dt =
u = 2t
du = 2 dt
sin 3t
sin 3t
2
dt
2t
3
3
2
2
= t sin 3t cos (3t ) + C
3
9
dy
= x + sin x
dx
dy = ( x + sin x)dx
Integrate both sides.
dy = ( x + sin x)dx
y=
xe
dv = e x dx
dx
1 2x
e +C
2
v = sin x dx = cos x
u=x
du = dx
x cos x cos x dx = x cos x + sin x + C
cos x
(1) +
x sin x dx
dv = sin x dx
dy
= e2 x
dx
dy = e 2 x dx
Integrate both sides.
dy = e
9.
1.
sin x dx =
d 1 x
e (sin x cos x)
dx 2
1 x
1
= e (cos x + sin x) + (sin x cos x) e x
2
2
1 x
1 x
1 x
1
= e cos x + e sin x + e sin x e x cos x
2
2
2
2
= e x sin x
y = cos1 ( x + 1)
cos y = x + 1
x = cos y 1
8.
10.
5.
sin 3t
3
cos x dx
dv = cos x dx
u=x
v = cos x dx = sin x
du = 2 x dx
x sin x 2 x sin x dx
2
dv = sin x dx
u = 2x
v = sin x dx = cos x
du = 2dx
388
6.
Section 7.3
2 x
9.
e dx
dv = e x dx
v = e x dx = e x
u = x2
du = 2 x dx
2 x
x e
2 x e x dx = x 2 e x + 2 xe x + C
dv = e x
u = 2x
v = e x dx = e x
= x 2 e x 2 xe x 2e x + C
7.
3x
dv = e dx
u = 3x2
u = ln y
du =
x
cos dx
2
x
x
x
dv = cos dx v = cos dx = 2 sin
2
2
2
2
u=x
du = 2 x dx
x
x
2 x 2 sin 4 x sin dx
2
2
x
x
x
dv = sin v = sin dx = 2 cos
2
2
2
u = 4x
du = 4dx
x
x
x
2 x 2 sin + 8 x cos 8 cos dx
2
2
2
x
x
x
= 2 x 2 sin + 8 x cos 16 sin + C
2
2
2
y2
2
1
dy
y
ln t dt
v = t 2 dt =
t3
3
1
du = dt
t
3
1 3
t 1
1
t3
t ln t
dt = t 3 ln t + C
3
3t
3
9
u = ln t
e2 x
v = e dx =
2
du = 6 x
2x
e2 x
e2 x
3
6x
dx = x 2 e2 x 3 x e2 x dx
2
2
2
e2 x
dv = e 2 x
v = e2 x dx =
2
u = 3x
du = 3dx
e2 x
3 2 2x 3 2x
x e xe 3
dx
2
2
2
3 2 2x 3 2x 3 2x
= x e xe + e + C
2
2
4
v = y dy =
dv = t 2 dt
3x 2
8.
10.
e2 x dx
2x
dv = y dy
y2 1
y2
1 2
1
+C
y ln y
dy = y 2 ln y
2
2 y
2
4
du = 2 dx
x 2 e x 2 xe x 2e x dx
y ln y dy
11.
dy = (( x + 2)sin x ) dx
dv = sin x dx
v = sin x dx = cos x
u = x+2
du = dx
( x + 2) cos x ( cos x) dx
= ( x + 2) cos x + sin x + C
2 = (0 + 2) cos(0) + sin(0) + C
2 = 2 + C
C=4
y = ( x + 2) cos x + sin x + 4
12.
dy = 2xe
dv = e x dx
u = 2x
2 xe
dx
v = e x dx = e x
du = 2 dx
2e dx = 2 xe x 2e x + C
3 = 2(0) e( 0) 2e( 0) + C
5=C
y = 2 xe x 2e x + 5
13.
du = x sec
15.
x dx
w= x
dw = dx
x tan x tan x dx = x tan x + ln | cos x | + C
2
( x 1)3 / 2
3
du = dx
u=x
2
2
x ( x 1)3 / 2 ( x 1)3/ 2 dx
3
3
4
2
= x( x 1)3/ 2 ( x 1)5 / 2 + C
3
15
2
4
3/ 2
2 = (1) (1 1) (1 1)5 / 2 + C
3
15
C=2
2
4
y = x( x 1)3 / 2 ( x 1)5 / 2 + 2
3
15
dz = x
ln x dx
dv = x3 dx
v = x3 dx =
x4
4
1
dx
x
x4
x4 1
x4
x4
dx =
+C
ln x
ln x
4
4 x
4
16
u = ln x
du =
(1)4
(1)4
5=
ln (1)
+C
4
16
81
C=
16
z=
v = ( x 1)1/ 2 dx
=
14.
x 1 dx
dv = ( x 1)1/ 2 dx
v = sec 2 x dx = tan x
dv = sec 2 x dx
dy = x
x
x
81
ln x
+
4
16 16
16.
dy = 2 x
x + 2 dx
dv = ( x + 2)1/ 2 dx
v = ( x + 2)1/ 2 dx
2
( x + 2)3/ 2
3
du = 2dx
=
u = 2x
4
4
x( x + 2)3/ 2 ( x + 2)3 / 2 dx
3
3
4
8
= x( x + 2)3 / 2 ( x + 2)5 / 2 + C
3
15
4
8
0 = (1) (1 + 2)3/ 2 (1 + 2)5 / 2 + C
3
15
28
C=
15
4
8
28
y = x( x + 2)3 / 2 ( x + 2)5 / 2 +
3
15
15
390
17.
Section 7.3
sin x dx
v = e x dx = e x
dv = e x dx
u = sin x
du = cos x dx
e sin x e cos x dx
x
dv = e x dx
u = cos x
v = e x dx = e x
du = sin x dx
x
e
x
e sin x dx = 2 (sin x cos x) + C
18.
cos x dx
dv = cos x dx
u = e x
v = cos x dx = sin x
du = e x dx
e x sin x e x sin x dx
dv = sin x dx
u = e x
v = sin x dx = cos x
du = e x dx
x
e
x
e cos x dx = 2 (sin x cos x) + C
19.
cos 2 x dx
1
dv = cos 2x dx v = cos 2x dx = sin 2x
2
u = ex
du = e x dx
1 x
1
e sin 2 x sin 2 x e x dx
2
2
1
1
1
dv = sin 2 x dx
v = sin 2 x dx = cos 2 x
2
2
4
u = ex
du = e x dx
1 x
1
1
1 x
1 x
1 x
x
e cos 2 x dx = 2 e sin 2 x + 4 e cos 2 x 4 e cos 2 x dx
5 x
1
e cos 2 x dx = e x (2 sin 2 x + cos 2 x)
4
4
x
e
x
=
cos
2
(2 sin 2 x + cos 2 x) + C
e
x
dx
cos 2 x dx =
20.
sin 2 x dx
1
v = sin 2x dx = cos 2x
2
u = e x
du = e x dx
1
1
e x cos 2 x cos 2 x e x dx
2
2
1
1
1
dv = cos 2 x dx v = cos 2 x dx = sin 2 x
2
2
4
u = e x
du = e x dx
dv = sin 2x dx
1
1
1
1 x
1 x
1 x
x
e sin 2 x dx = 2 e cos 2 x 4 e sin 2 x 4 e sin 2 x dx
5 x
1
e sin 2 x dx = e x (2 cos 2 x + sin 2 x)
4
4
e x
x
e sin 2 x dx = 5 (2 cos 2 x + sin 2 x) + C
4 x
dx = x 4 e x 4 x3e x 12 x 2 e x 24 xe x 24e x + C
= ( x 4 + 4 x3 + 12 x 2 + 24 x + 24)e x + C
(x
5 x) e x dx = ( x 2 5 x) e x (2 x 5)e x + 2e x
= ( x 2 7 x + 7) e x + C
392
Section 7.3
3 2 x
x e
1
3
3
3
dx = x3e2 x x 2 e2 x xe2 x e2 x + C
2
4
4
8
x 3 3 x 2 3 x 3 2 x
= +
+ + e
+C
2
4
4 8
x3
3x 2
3x
3
sin 2 x +
cos 2 x
sin 2 x cos 2 x + C
2
4
4
8
25. Use tabular integration with f (x ) = x 2 and g( x ) = sin 2 x.
1
1
1
sin 2 x dx = x 2 cos 2 x + x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + C
2
2
4
1 2 x2
x
=
cos 2 x + sin 2 x + C
4
2
1 2 x 2
x
x sin 2 x dx =
cos 2 x + sin 2 x
2
4
0
2
1 2 2
1
(1) + 0 (1) 0
=
4
4
2 1
=
8 2
/2 2
( )
1 3
3
3
x sin 2 x + x 2 cos 2 x x
2
4
4
x3 3x
3x2 3
3
sin 2 x cos 2 x = sin 2 x +
cos 2 x + C
2
4
8
4
8
cos 2 x dx =
/2
x3 3 x
3x 2 3
x cos 2 x dx = sin 2 x +
cos 2 x
2
4 8
4
0
2
3
3
3
= 0+
(1) 0 (1)
16 8
8
2
3 3
=
4 16
/2 3
27. Let u = e2 x
dv = cos 3x dx
1
du = 2e2 x dx
v = sin 3x
3
1
2x
2x
2x 1
e cos 3x dx = (e ) 3 sin 3x 3 sin 3x (2e dx)
1
2
= e2 x sin 3x e2 x sin 3x dx
3
3
394
Section 7.3
Let u = e2 x
dv = sin 3x dx
1
v = cos 3x
3
1 2x
2 2x 1
1
2x
2x
e cos 3x dx = 3 e sin 3x 3 (e ) 3 cos 3x 3 cos 3x (2e dx)
1
4
= e2 x (3 sin 3x + 2 cos 3x) e2 x cos 3 x dx
9
9
13 2 x
1
e cos 3x dx = e2 x (3 sin 3x + 2 cos 3x)
9
9
1 2x
2x
e cos 3x dx = 13 e (3 sin 3x + 2 cos 3x)
3
3 2x
1 2x
=
+
dx
e
x
x
3
3
2
3
e
x
(
sin
cos
)
cos
3
2
13
2
1 6
= [e (3 sin 9 + 2 cos 9) e4 (3 sin(6) + 2 cos (6)]
13
1
= [e6 (2 cos 9 + 3 sin 9) e4 (2 cos 6 3 sin 6)]
13
du = 2e2 x dx
28. Let u = e2 x
dv = sin 2 x dx
1
v = cos 2x
2
1
2 x
2 x
2x
e sin 2x dx = (e ) 2 cos 2x 2 cos 2x ( 2e dx)
1
= e 2 x cos 2x e2 x cos 2x dx
2
du = 2e2 x dx
Let u = e 2 x
dv = cos 2x dx
1
v = sin 2 x
2
2 x 1
1 2 x
1
2 x
2x
e sin 2x dx = 2 e cos 2x (e ) 2 sin 2x 2 sin 2x (2e dx)
1
= e2 x (cos 2x + sin 2x) e2 x sin 2x dx
2
1 2 x
2 x
2 e sin 2x dx = e (cos 2x + sin 2x) + C
2
2 x
e
2 x
=
e
x
dx
sin
2
(cos 2x + sin 2x) + C
du = 2e 2 x dx
3 e
2 x
e 2 x
sin 2x dx =
(cos 2x + sin 2x)
4
3
e 4
e6
(cos 4 + sin 4) + [cos ( 6) + sin ( 6)]
4
4
e 4
e6
=
(cos 4 + sin 4) + (cos 6 sin 6)
4
4
=
29. y = x 2 e4x dx
dv = e 4x dx
1
du = 2x dx
v = e4 x
4
1
1
y = (x 2 ) e 4x e4x (2x dx )
4
4
1 2 4x 1
4x
= x e xe dx
4
2
Let u = x 2
dv = e4x dx
1
v = e 4x
4
Let u = x
du = dx
1 2 4x 1 1 4x 1 4x
x e (x ) e e dx
4
2 4
4
1 2 4x 1 4x 1 4x
y = x e xe + e + C
4
8
32
x 2 x 1 4x
+ e +C
y=
4 8 32
y=
30. y = x 2 ln x dx
1
1 1
y = (sec1 ) 2 2
d
2 2 2 1
y=
2
2
sec1
1 d
2 2 1
Let w = 2 1, dw = 2 d
1
w1 2 dw
2
4
2
1 12
1
y=
sec w + C
2
2
2
1 2
y=
1 + C
sec1
2
2
y=
sec1
Let u =
du = d
dv = sec tan d
v = sec
y = sec sec d
dv = x 2 dx
Let u = ln x
1
1
du = dx v = x 3
x
3
1 3 1 3 1
y = (ln x ) x x dx
3 3 x
1 3
1
y = x ln x x 2 dx
3
3
1 3
1
y = x ln x x 3 + C
3
9
33. Let u = x
du = dx
dv = sin x dx
v = cos x
(a)
x sin x dx = x sin x dx
0
= [ x cos x + sin x ]0
= (1) + 0 + 0(1) 0
=
31. y = sec1 d
Let u = sec1
1
du =
du
dv = d
1
v = 2
2
(b)
1
Note that we are told > 1, so no absolute
value is needed in the expression for du.
2
x sin x dx =
x sin x dx
2
= [ x cos x sin x ]
= 2 (1) 0 ( 1) + 0
= 3
(c)
x sin x dx
= x sin x dx +
= + 3 = 4
x sin x dx
396
Section 7.3
(x
Let u = x 2 + x + 1
2
+ x + 1) e x dx
2
= (x + x + 1)e
+ x + 1) e
Average value =
1 2 t
2e cos t dt
2 0
1 2
= et cos t dt
1 t
e (sin t cos t )
2
0
1 2
0
=
[e
( 1) e ( 1)]
2
1 e 2
=
0.159
2
dx
dv = e x dx
v = e x
du = 2 dx
(x
dv = e x dx
+ (2x + 1) e
Let u = 2x + 1
2
v = e x
du = (2x + 1) dx
(x
+ x + 1) e x dx.
dx
0 (x
+ x + 1)e x x 2 dx
0
u=e
du = e
du = e
v = sin t
dv = sin t dt
dt
t
v = cos t
t
x sin (5 x) dx
dv = sin(5x)dx
dv = cos t dt
dt
39. B;
Let u = et
t
cos x dx
h( x) = x 2 sin x + C
Let
See problem 1.
k 1
= (x 2 + 3x + 4) e x x 3
0 3
0
( 2.888 + 4) (0.386 0)
0.726
cos t dt
v = sin (5 x) dx
1
cos 5 x
5
du = dx
=
u=x
1
1
x cos(5 x) cos(5 x) dx
5
5
1
1
= x cos(5 x) + sin(5 x) + C
5
25
40. C;
csc 2 x dx
dv = csc 2 x dx
v = csc 2 x dx = cot x
u=x
du = dx
x cot x cot x dx
= x cot x + ln sin x+ C
41. C;
dy = 4 x ln x dx
dv = 4 x dx
v = 4 x dx = 2 x 2
u = ln x
du =
2 x 2 ln x 2 x 2
1
dx = 2 x 2 ln x x 2 + C
x
dv = e x dx
v = ex
du = dx
xe
1
dx
x
dx = xe x e x dx
= xe x e x + C
= ( x 1) e x + C
Let u = x 2
dv = e x dx
du = 2 x dx
v = ex
e dx = x e 2 xe x dx
2 x
2 x
= x 2 e x 2( x 1) e x + C
= ( x 2 2 x + 2) e x + C
(c) Using the result from part (b):
Let u = x 3
dv = e x dx
2
du = 3x dx
v = ex
e dx = x 3 e x 3x 2 e x dx
3 x
= x 3e x 3(x 2 2x + 2) e x + C
= (x 3 3x 2 + 6x 6) e x + C
d
d n
(d) x n x n +
x
dx
dx 2
+ (1)n
x n nx n 1 + n(n 1) x n 2
x n e x + C or
dx n
dn
(e) Use mathematical induction or argue based on tabular integration. Alternately, show that the derivative
of the answer to part (d) is x n e x :
d n
x nx n 1 + n(n 1) x n 2
dx
+ ( 1) n 1 (n!) x + ( 1)n n! e x + C
n 1
n
x
+ ( 1) (n!) x + ( 1) n!]e
= [ x n nx n 1 + n(n 1) x n 2
d n
+ ex
+ ( 1)n 1 (n!) x + ( 1) n n!]
x nx n 1 + n(n 1) n n 2
dx
= [ x n nx n 1 + n(n 1) x n 2 + ( 1) n 1 + (n!) x + ( 1)n n!]e x
+ nx n 1 n(n 1) x n 2 + n(n 1)(n 2) x n 3 + ( 1) n 1n!]e x
n x
=x e