Free Vibration

1
FrequencyofFreeDamped
Vib
ti
(Vi
D
i )
Vibrations(ViscousDamping)
Given:Vibratingsystem;Massm=3.5kg;Springstiffnessk=2.5N/mm;
Dampingcoefficientc=0.018N/mm/s
p g
Tofind:(a)Dampingfactor;(b)Naturalfrequencyofdampedvibrations
Circularfrequencyofundamped
q
y
p vibration
Criticaldampingcoefficient
Dampingfactor
Circularfrequencyofdampedvibration
Naturalfrequencyofdampedvibration
Logrithmic decrement
Ratioofsuccessiveamplitudes(n=1)
Given:dampedfreevibration;Massm=25kg;Springstiffnessk=15kN/m;
Damping
15% of critical damping;
Damping=15%ofcriticaldamping;
Tofind:(a)Criticaldampingcoefficient;(b)Dampingfactor;
(c)Naturalfrequencyofdampedvibration;(d)logarithmicdecrement;
and(e)Ratiooftwoconsecutiveamplitudesofthevibratingsystem
Dampingfactor =0.15(given)
Circularfrequencyofundamped vibration
Periodic time for damped vibration
Periodictimefordampedvibration
Logarithmicdecrement
R ti f
Ratioofsuccessiveamplitudes(n=1)
i
lit d ( 1)
n =24.5rad/s;cc =1225Ns/m;c=183.75Ns/m;fd =3.855Hz;d =24.22rad/s; =0.9532;
X0/X1=2.594
Vibrating system has Mass m = 3 kg; Spring stiffness k = 100 N/m; Damping
coefficient, c = 3 Ns/m;To find: (a) Damping factor; (b) Natural frequency of
damped vibrationl; (c ) Logarithmic decrement; (d) Ratio of two consecutive
amplitudes; and (e) Number of cycles after which amplitude is reduced to 20%.
Circularfrequencyofundamped vibration
Dampingfactor
Periodic time for damped vibration
Periodictimefordampedvibration
No.ofcyclesforX0/Xn =1/0.2
Thefollowingdataaregivenforavibratorysystemwithviscous
damping: Mass =2.5kg;springconstant
damping:Mass
2.5 kg ; spring constant =3N/mmandtheamplitude
3 N/mm and the amplitude
decreasesto0.25oftheinitialvalueafterfiveconsecutivecycles.
Determinethedampingcoefficientofthedamperinthesystem.
Solution.Given:m=2.5kg;s=3N/mm=3000N/m;x6=0.25x1
Weknowthatnaturalcircularfrequencyofvibration,
n = 34.64rad/s
Let c =DampingcoefficientofthedamperinN/m/s,
Letc
Damping coefficient of the damper in N/m/s,
x1 =Initialamplitude,and
x6 =Finalamplitudeafterfiveconsecutivecycles=0.25x1 (Given)
Aninstrumentvibrateswithafrequencyof1Hzwhenthereis
no damping. When the damping is provided, the frequency of
nodamping.Whenthedampingisprovided,thefrequencyof
dampedvibrationswasobservedtobe0.9Hz.
Find1.thedampingfactor,and2.logarithmicdecrement
Solution.Given:fn=1Hz;fd =0.9Hz
1. Dampingfactor
We know that natural circular frequency of undamped
Weknowthatnaturalcircularfrequencyofundamped
vibrations,
n=2 fn=21=6.284rad/s
andcircularfrequencyofdampedvibrations,
d=2 fd =2 0.9=5.66rad/s
Wealsoknowthatcircularfrequencyofdamped
vibrations(d ),
5.66=(n )2 a2
=(6.284)
(
)2 a 2
Squaringbothsides,
(5 66)2 =(6.284)
(5.66)
= (6 284)2 a2
32=39.5 a2
a2 =7.5
a=2.74
Weknowthat,a=c/2morc=a 2m
=2.74 2m=5.48mN/m/s
andcc =2m.n =2m6.284=12.568mN/m/s
Damping factor
Dampingfactor,
c/cc =5.48m/12.568m=0.436Ans.
We know that logarithmic decrement
Weknowthatlogarithmicdecrement,
Amachineofmass75kgismountedonspringsandis
fitted with a dashpot to damp out vibrations There
fittedwithadashpottodampoutvibrations.There
arethreespringseachofstiffness10N/mmanditis
found that the amplitude of vibration diminishes from
foundthattheamplitudeofvibrationdiminishesfrom
38.4mmto6.4mmintwocompleteoscillations.
Assuming that the damping force varies as the
Assumingthatthedampingforcevariesasthe
velocity,determine:1.theresistanceofthedashpot
at unit velocity ; 2. the ratio of the frequency of the
atunitvelocity;2.theratioofthefrequencyofthe
dampedvibrationtothefrequencyofthe
undamped vibration;and3.theperiodictimeofthe
vibration ; and 3. the periodic time of the
dampedvibration.
Solution.Given:m=75kg;s=10N/mm=10103N/m
;x1 =38.4mm=0.0384m;
x3 =6.4mm=0.0064m
Since the stiffness of each spring is 10 103 N/mand
Sincethestiffnessofeachspringis10
N/m and
thereare3springs,thereforetotalstiffness,
ss=31010
310103 =3010
30103 N/m
Weknowthatnaturalcircularfrequencyofmotion,
a2=7.94ora=2.8
Weknowthata=c/2m
c=a 2m=2.8 2 75=420N/m/sAns.
2.Ratioofthefrequencyofthedampedvibrationto
thefrequencyofundamped
h f
f d
d vibration
ib i

Free Vibration

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