Design and Analysis of An Excavator Bucket
Uploaded by
ijsretDesign and Analysis of An Excavator Bucket
Uploaded by
ijsretInternational Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2015
Design and Analysis of an Excavator Bucket
1
Manisha P. Tupkar, 2Prof. S. R. Zaveri
M Tech (CAD/CAM), Department of Mechanical Engineering
2
Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering
1, 2
Rajiv Gandhi Collage of Engineering Research and Technology
Chandrapur (MS) INDIA
ABSTRACT
An excavator is a typical hydraulic heavy-duty humanoperated machine used in general versatile construction
operations, such as digging, ground leveling, carrying
loads, dumping loads and straight traction. After doing
such operation, there is possibility of breaking of pin in
tooth adapter assembly as well as bending of tooth
point. The objective of this paper is to design an
excavator bucket by using CREO-parametric 2.0
software. Model is exported through IGES file format
for meshing in analysis software Boundary conditions
and the forces are applied at the tip of teeth of
excavator bucket. Static analysis is done in ANSYS
13.0 analysis software. In this paper the stresses
developed at the tip of excavator bucket teeth are
calculated. Percentage error between stress Analytical
result and stress ANSYS result are calculated.
II.
CALCULATION
FORCES
OF
DIGGING
Bucket penetration into a material is achieved by the
bucket curling force (Fb) and arm crowd force (Fs). The
rating of these digging forces is set by SAE J1179
standard Hydraulic Excavator and Backhoe: Digging
Forces.
Bucket curling force (Fb) is the force generated at the
tip of teeth by the bucket cylinder and tangent to the
arc of radius
Keywords - Creo-parametric software, Digging Forces
and F.E.approach.
I.
INTRODUCTION
An excavator is a piece of heavy equipment that is
commonly used in construction work, mining work and
work that requires lifting that can be too heavy for
humans. An excavator is a vehicle that is engineered
and consists of things that can be used such as a
backhoe and also has a cab that tends to be mounted to
the back pivot near the undercarriage. It also has tracks
and wheels that it is running on.
As the use of excavator in day to day life is increasing
for many purposes but the applicable site is not
inspected properly due urgency of work by the owner
or the contractor due to which improper handling of it
leads to damage of the ground engaging tool i.e. bucket
teeth. The teeth of the excavator are main contacting
part of it which comes first in contact with the soil
while doing excavation at various sites. So in this case
sometimes the tooth point of the bucket gets damage
due to some improper handling by the operator, which
leads to the damage of tip of teeth. Here I calculate the
stresses at the tip of the teeth by analytically and Finite
analysis approach and then compare their results.
Fig1. Determination of Digging Forces
Arm crowd force (Fs) is the force generated at the tip of
teeth due to arm cylinder is the digging force generated
by the arm cylinder and tangent to arc of radius .
The calculated breakout Force (Fb) =38690N and
calculated Arm Crowd force (Fs) =162478N.By using
CST method and Maximum Shear Stress Theory the
stress at the tip of the excavator Bucket teeth =96.39
MPA.
www.ijsret.org
227
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2015
III.
GEOMETRIC MODELLING OF AN
EXCAVATOR BUCKET
The geometry of the excavator bucket has been
obtained by an extrusion in CREO PARAMETRIC
2.0.first generates an excavator bucket, teeth and rivet.
Then bucket, teeth and rivet are assembled together in
assembly tool of CREO PARAMETRIC 2.0. This model
is now ready to be imported for preprocessing.
Fig.2. Create Excavator Bucket
Fig.6. Total Deformation
Fig.3.Create a Teeth
Fig.8. Maximum Shear Stress
V.
Fig.4 Create bucket Rivet
IV.
Fig.7. Voin Mises Strain
Fig.5 Assembly of Excavator
Bucket
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF AN
EXCAVATOR BUCKET
The model was developed in the CREO
PARAMETRIC 2.0 software. Finite element analyses
are used in design improvement and optimization
purposes for many machine parts. In this project, my
main emphasis is on the bucket tooth which comes first
in contact with soil for its contact deformation as well
as the stress generation for doing various types of
operations at various sites in India. To achieve this,
excavator bucket teeth have been analyzed under
maximum loads and different boundary conditions. In
ANSYS stress at each and every elements are
determined. Click onMainMenu>Project>Model>Static
Structural>Solution. ANSYS displays the model with a
color contours for stresses. Results of FEA as shown
below:
Fig. 9. Shear Stress
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
From the above analytical as well as ANSYS software
analysis it has been found that the maximum stresses
are generating at the tooth point due to the regular and
maximum contact with the soil. These stresses cannot
be avoided but can be properly regulated with proper
application of bucket for the excavation for various soil
structures. Following figs shows the comparison
between analytical result and ANSYS result.
Percentage error between analytical result and ANSYS
result are calculated.
Table 1: Comparison of Results
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
VI.
Analysis
Max Shear
Stress
Shear
Stress
Analytical
Result
96.39 MPA
157.67 MPA
ANSYS
Result
112.98
MPA
167.42
MPA
%Error
of Result
14.69 %
5.82 %
CONCLUSION
In this paper, we design an Excavator bucket by using
Creo parametric software and analysis is done by
ANSYS 13.0 software. The stress at the Tip of teeth of
an Excavator bucket is calculated 96. 39 MPA and
stress due to shearing of rivet is calculated 157.67 MPA
by analytically. The stress at the tip of the teeth is
calculated 112.98 MPA and stress due to shearing of
www.ijsret.org
228
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 0882
Volume 4, Issue 3, March 2015
rivet 167.42 is calculated. Percentage error between
analytical result and Ansys result are 14.69 % and 5.82
%. As per the above analysis, it is suggested that the
bucket used for the excavation purpose should be
properly checked for its application on the basis of the
soil strata. And considering the failure of the tooth and
rivet due the impact loading, it is very much
economical to change the rivet rather than changing the
whole tooth assembly.
REFERENCES
[1] Bhaveshkumar P. Patel and Dr. J.M.Prajapati,A
Review On Kinematics Of Hydraulic Excavators
Backhoe Attachment,International Journal of Engg.
Science and Technology (IJEST) Vol.No.3.Issue
No.3.March 2011.
.
[2] Ahmet Erklig and Eyup Yeter,The Improvements
of The Backhoe-Loader Arms,Model Simulation of
Material Science, Issue No 3,January 2013,Page No.
142-148.
[3]Rahul
Mishra
and
Vaibhav
Dewangan,
OPTIMIZATION
OF
COMPONENT
OF
EXCAVATOR BUCKET International Journal of
Scientific Research Engineering and Technology
(IJSRET), Vol. no.2,Issue No.2,Page No. 076-078.
[4]
Gottvald,
J
EXPERIMENTAL
AND
PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL
RELIABILITY OF THE BUCKET WHEEL
EXCAVATOR SCHRS 1320/4x30 Ph.D. thesis, Brno
University of Technology, Brno,p. 205, 2011, (in
Czech).
[5] Yuki Sakaida and Daisuke Chugo THE
ANALYSIS OF EXCAVATOR OPERATION BY
SKILLFULL OPERATOR The University of Tokyo,
JAPAN, ISARC 2006, page no 543-547.
www.ijsret.org
229