Geometric Construction 1

ES 1: ENGINEERING DRAWING
Geometric Construction 1
Lines
Angles
LINES
Lines
- The shortest distance
between two points
A
- A set of points
organized that have
length and direction,
but no thickness
D
F
Transferring a Given Length

of a Line
Given: Line AB

of a Line
1. Mark the
starting point of
line AB on the new
location.

of a Line
2. Copy the length
of line AB.
Without changing
the opening of
your compass,
and using A as
center draw an
arc. Label the
intersection as B.

of a Line
3. Connect points
A and B.
Bisecting a Given Line

Given: Line AB

1. Using point A as
center and radius
R greater than
one-half of the
length of line AB,
draw an arc
extending to
both sides of line
AB.

2. Using point B as
center and the
same radius R,
draw a second
arc intersecting
the first arc.
Label the
intersections as
point C and D.
3. Draw a line
connecting
points C and D.
Line CD bisects
line AB.
Line CD is called:
PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR
PERPENDICULAR LINES
LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A
POINT ON THE GIVEN LINE
Given: Line AB
1. Extend line AB
beyond point B.
Using point B as
center and any
radius R, draw an
arc intersecting line
AB at point C and
the extension line
at point D.
2. Using point C as
center and any
radius R greater
than one-half of
segment CD, draw
an arc extending to
both
sides
of
segment CD.
3. Using the same
radius, repeat
step 2, this time
using D as center.
Label the points
of intersection as
points E and F.
4. Connect points
E and F. Line EF
is perpendicular
to line AB at
point B.
LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE AND PASSING THROUGH A
GIVEN POINT
Given: Line AB and Point O.

GIVEN POINT
1. Using point O as
center and any
radius R greater
than the distance
between point O
and line AB, draw an
arc intersecting line
AB at points C and
D.

GIVEN POINT
2. Using point C as
center and any
radius R1 greater
than one-half of
segment CD, draw
an arc on the
opposite side of
line AB.

GIVEN POINT
3. Using the same
radius (R1), repeat
step 2, this time
using point D as
center. Label the
point of
intersection of the
two arcs as F.

GIVEN POINT
4. Connect points O
and F. Line OF is
perpendicular to
line AB.
PARALLEL LINES
LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

AND PARALLEL TO A GIVEN LINE
Given: Line AB and Point O

1. Using point O as
center and any
radius R greater
than the distance
from point O to line
AB, draw an arc
cutting line AB at
point C. Point C
must be to the left
of O.

2. Using point C as
center and the
same radius R,
draw another arc
passing through
point O and cutting
line AB at point D.

3. Using point C
again as center
and distance OD
as radius, draw a
third arc
intersecting the
first arc. Label
the intersection
as F.

4. Connect points O
and F. Line OF is
parallel to Line
AB.
LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

GIVEN DISTANCE FROM LINE AB
Given: Line AB and Distance L

1. Using point A as
center and the
given distance L
as radius, draw
an arc on one
side of line AB.
Label the first
arc as 1.

2. Using point B as
center and the
same radius L,
draw a second
arc. Label this
arc as 2.

3. Extend line AB
beyond points A
and B. And recall
steps in making
line perpendicular
to a point on the
given line.

6. Connect points G
and H. Line GH is
parallel to line AB
at a distance L.
Dividing a Line Into

N-equal Segments
DIVIDING A LINE INTO

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
Given: Line AB and the number of
segments.
N= 3

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
1. Using point A as
origin, draw
another line
making an angle of
30-45 with line
AB.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
2. Starting from
point A and
using any
convenient
length, lay out n
points on line
AC at equal
distances. Label
the points as
1,2 and 3.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
3. Draw a line
connecting
point B and
point 3.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
4. Draw another line
parallel to line B3
passing point 2.
Recall steps in
making line parallel
to a given line
passing through a
given point. Label
the point of
intersection on line
AB as D.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
5. Repeat step 4.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
6. Line AB is now
divided into n
equal parts.
Alternative Solution

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
1. Using point A as
origin, draw a line
making an angle of
30-45 with line
AB. Repeat this
step, this time
using B as origin.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
2. Starting from
point A and using
any convenient
length, lay out n
points on line AC
at equal distances.
Label the points
as 1,2 and 3.
Repeat this step
using B as starting
point.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
3. Connect points
A-6, 1-5, 2-4 and
3-B. Label the
intersection of
the lines 1-5 and
2-4 with line AB
as E and F
respectively.

N-EQUAL SEGMENTS
4. Line AB is now
divided into n
equal parts.
ANGLES
TRANSFERRING AN ANGLE
Given: Angle ABC
1. Lay out line BC in

the new
position/location.
Label it line BC.
2. Using point B as
center and any radius
R, draw an arc
intersecting rays BA
and BC at points D
and E respectively.
3. Without changing
the opening of
you compass and
using B as center,
draw an arc
intersecting ray
BC at point E.
4. Using point E as
center and the
distance from
points D and E as
radius, draw an
arc intersecting
the first arc at
point A.
5. The line connecting

point B to A forms
the given angle ABC
in the new position
as angle ABC.
BISECTING AN ANGLE
Given: Angle ABC
BISECTING AN ANGLE
1. Using point B
as center and
any radius R,
draw an arc
intersecting
ray AB and ray
BC at points D
and E respectively.
BISECTING AN ANGLE
2. Using point D as
center and any
radius R1, draw a
second arc away
from point B and
between sides BA
and BC.
BISECTING AN ANGLE
3. Using the same

radius R1 and E as
center, draw a third
arc that intersects
the second arc at
point F.
BISECTING AN ANGLE
4. Connect points B
and F. Line BF
bisects angle ABC
at two equal parts.
Line BF is called:
Angle Bisector
Dividing an Angle Into

N-equal Parts
DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

N-EQUAL PARTS
Given: Angle ABC and n.
n=3

N-EQUAL PARTS
1. Using point B as
center and any
radius R, draw
an arc
intersecting rays
BA and BC at
points D and E
respectively.

N-EQUAL PARTS
2. Connecting
point D to E,
divide the
resulting
chordline into
n equal
segments.

N-EQUAL PARTS
3. Connect the
designated points
to point B.

N-EQUAL PARTS
4. The lines divide

angle ABC into
n-equal angles.
Thank you for listening!

Geometric Construction 1

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ES 1: ENGINEERING DRAWING

Transferring a Given Length

Transferring a Given Length

Transferring a Given Length

Transferring a Given Length

Bisecting a Given Line

Bisecting a Given Line

Bisecting a Given Line

Bisecting a Given Line

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE PERPENDICULAR TO A GIVEN

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

LINE PASSING THROUGH A POINT

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

LINE PARALLEL TO AND AT A

Dividing a Line Into

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

DIVIDING A LINE INTO

1. Lay out line BC in

5. The line connecting

3. Using the same

Dividing an Angle Into

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

DIVIDING AN ANGLE INTO

4. The lines divide

Thank you for listening!

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