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    Giving Advice

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    Anonymous SPy7vOGbo
    This document is a lesson on using the modal verbs "should" and "ought to" to give advice or recommendations. It provides examples of how to use these verbs in the present and past tense, both affirmatively and negatively. It also notes that "should" is more common than "ought to" and that "ought to" is often pronounced as "otta" by Americans. The lesson encourages practice making sentences using these modal verbs in different situations and provides links for additional online exercises.

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    Giving Advice

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous SPy7vOGbo
    208 views27 pages
    This document is a lesson on using the modal verbs "should" and "ought to" to give advice or recommendations. It provides examples of how to use these verbs in the present and past tense, both affirmatively and negatively. It also notes that "should" is more common than "ought to" and that "ought to" is often pronounced as "otta" by Americans. The lesson encourages practice making sentences using these modal verbs in different situations and provides links for additional online exercises.

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    256337975 Giving Advice

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    This document is a lesson on using the modal verbs "should" and "ought to" to give advice or recommendations. It provides examples of how to use these verbs in the present and past tense, both affirmatively and negatively. It also notes that "should" is more common than "ought to" and that "ought to" is often pronounced as "otta" by Americans. The lesson encourages practice making sentences using these modal verbs in different situations and provides links for additional online exercises.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    208 views27 pages

    Giving Advice

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous SPy7vOGbo
    This document is a lesson on using the modal verbs "should" and "ought to" to give advice or recommendations. It provides examples of how to use these verbs in the present and past tense, both affirmatively and negatively. It also notes that "should" is more common than "ought to" and that "ought to" is often pronounced as "otta" by Americans. The lesson encourages practice making sentences using these modal verbs in different situations and provides links for additional online exercises.

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    Comunicacin Especializada

    en Ingls
    UNIDAD 1: Expresin de opniones, requisitos y procesos.
    R.A. 1.1: Argumenta propuestas, opiniones y acuerdos
    mediante el anlisis de informacin especfica.
    TEMA: 1.1.1: Expresin de acuerdos.
    DOCENTE: Luis Enrique Romero Jordn

    Giving Advice
    Should
    Should have
    Ought to
    Ought to have

    Giving Advice
    CONTENTS
    Presentation
    Examples
    Pronunciation tips
    Past tense forms
    Practice
    Review
    Free practice
    Further practice

    Should is a modal auxiliary that


    we use very frequently in English:

    To give advice or a
    recommendation:

    To give our opinion about


    something.

    To say what we think is a


    good idea or the right thing
    to, do in our opinion.

    Should is not as strong as:


    had better
    must
    have to

    Consider these examples . . .


    You should stop smoking.
    (I suggest that you stop smoking)

    You must stop smoking.

    (It is necessary that you stop)

    The negative of should is


    SHOULD NOT
    The contraction (short) form is often
    used with the negative, especially in
    spoken English:

    The mother told her child:


    You shouldnt eat too much candy,
    or youll get sick.

    Ought to

    is another way to say


    should; however should is more
    common.

    Be careful!
    Should and ought to are both
    auxiliaries. Remember this
    important rule.

    After an auxiliary verb use


    the simple form of verbs.

    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Examples
    You should study before an important
    exam.
    You ought to exercise more often.
    Mark shouldnt go out to play with his
    friends.
    Important note:
    we dont usually use ought to
    in the negative; shouldnt is preferred.
    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Pronunciation tips
    When Americans use OUGHT TO, it
    often sounds like OTTA.
    Practice saying these sentences:
    1. You ought to study for the test tonight.
    2. The government ought to raise the
    minimum wage.
    3. We ought to get together for lunch.
    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Practice makes perfect!


    Make sentences with SHOULD and OUGHT TO
    What would you say in the following situations:

    Use should:
    Your sister needs to get into shape.
    Your classmate doesnt understand the
    grammar.

    Use ought to:


    Your friend wants to take a computer class.
    Your mother doesnt feel well.

    Past tense forms:


    should + ought to
    Some auxiliaries have a past tense
    form. For instance:
    The past tense of CAN = COULD
    The past tense of WILL = WOULD
    BUT, SHOULD and OUGHT TO dont
    have a simple past tense construction
    like CAN or WILL .

    To use SHOULD and OUGHT TO in


    the past, we do the following:
    Should
    or

    Ought to

    + HAV +
    E

    Past
    participle of
    main verb

    Examples:
    1. The

    party was great!

    You should have come.

    2. I feel sick. I shouldnt have eaten so much.


    3. I didnt pass the test. I ought to have studied
    more.

    Contractions with SHOULD are


    common, especially in spoken in
    English:

    We missed a lot of grammar practice this


    morning. We SHOULDVE come to class
    earlier.
    I SHOULDNT HAVE spent so much
    time at the caf with my friends. Now,
    Im late for work.

    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Now its your turn to practice using


    SHOULD and OUGHT TO in the past:

    Your friend has a terrible headache.


    You ask him if he took any aspirin, and he tells you
    no.
    What do you say to him?
    You SHOULD/OUGHT TO take an aspirin.

    Your friend had a job interview yesterday,


    but she was late because she got lost.
    She didnt look up the companys address
    before the interview.

    You SHOULD/OUGHT TO HAVE looked up the


    address.

    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Review:
    1. SHOULD and OUGHT TO are both used to give
    advice, suggestions, recommendations, or a
    persons opinion.
    2. They are NOT as strong as had better, must, or
    have to.
    3. SHOULD is more common than ought to.
    4. To make the negative form, SHOULD is preferred.
    5. When ought to is used, its typically pronounced
    OTTA.

    6. SHOULD and OUGHT TO are modal


    auxiliaries. They are followed by the
    simple form of the main verb .
    7. When we use SHOULD and OUGHT TO in
    the past, they are followed by HAVE +
    the past participle of the main verb.
    8. Contractions (short forms) are frequently
    used for SHOULD.
    Examples:

    SHOULDNT= SHOULD NOT

    SHOULDVE= SHOULD HAVE

    Back to
    CONTENTS

    Free practice:
    Now use SHOULD and OUGHT TO
    in present or past forms,
    either in affirmative or negative form.

    Im not good at sports.

    I got bad grades this


    semester.

    Im always late for school.

    Im a bit overweight.

    I dont have many friends.

    My car broke down.

    I had an argument with my


    girlfriend.

    Back to
    CONTENTS

    If you have difficulties understanding


    this grammar, YOU SHOULDNT KEEP
    QUIET.
    You should ask a classmate or your
    teacher for help or for more
    explanation.
    You should also keep practicing!
    GOOD LUCK!

    FURTHER PRACTICE
    For more practice on line check out
    the following web pages on line.
    http://www.learn-english-today.com/lessons/lesson_contents
    /exercises/should-ought-need_quiz1.htm
    http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-m
    odals-advice1.htm
    http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-m
    odals-advice2.htm
    Back to
    START

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