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    Lab 1

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    nandkishor joshi
    The document describes experiments on image processing using MATLAB. It discusses resizing images using different interpolation methods, converting between color, grayscale and binary images, and reconstructing an RGB image from its YCbCr components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lab 1

    Uploaded by

    nandkishor joshi
    30 views16 pages
    The document describes experiments on image processing using MATLAB. It discusses resizing images using different interpolation methods, converting between color, grayscale and binary images, and reconstructing an RGB image from its YCbCr components.

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    digital image processing lab 1

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    lab_1

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    The document describes experiments on image processing using MATLAB. It discusses resizing images using different interpolation methods, converting between color, grayscale and binary images, and reconstructing an RGB image from its YCbCr components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views16 pages

    Lab 1

    Uploaded by

    nandkishor joshi
    The document describes experiments on image processing using MATLAB. It discusses resizing images using different interpolation methods, converting between color, grayscale and binary images, and reconstructing an RGB image from its YCbCr components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 16

    Experiment-1

    Date: 13/2/2013

    20/2/2013

    AIM:
    (a) Introduction to image processing toolbox.

    (b) To resize the image to see the resolution of pixels while keeping the
    size of an image as it is.

    (c) To read a color image and convert it to gray scale image, convert it to
    gray scale image using map. Also convert a gray level image to index
    image. Comment on the results.

    (d) To read an RGB image, convert into YCbCr. Extract Y, Cb and Cr


    components, resize them separately. Now, prove that we can reconstruct
    RGB image using knowledge of Y, Cb and Cr components.

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 1


    An image is worth a thousand words.

    (a) Image Processing Toolbox

    The Image Processing Toolbox software is a collection of functions that extend the capability of the
    MATLAB numeric computing environment. The toolbox supports a wide range of image processing
    operations, including

    Spatial image transformations

    Morphological operations

    Neighborhood and block operations

    Linear filtering and filter design

    Transforms

    Image analysis and enhancement

    Image registration

    Deblurring

    Region of interest operations

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 2


    (b) To resize the image to see the resolution of pixels while keeping the size of an image as it is.

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/2,'nearest');
    k=imresize(j,2,'nearest');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('original image')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 2')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf NEAREST NEIGHBOR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/2,'bilinear');
    k=imresize(j,2,'bilinear');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 2')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BILINEAR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/2,'bicubic');
    k=imresize(j,2,'bicubic');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 2')
    subplot(1,3,3)

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 3


    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BICUBIC


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/4,'nearest');
    k=imresize(j,2,'nearest');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('original image')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 4')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf NEAREST NEIGHBOR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/4,'bilinear');
    k=imresize(j,2,'bilinear');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 4')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BILINEAR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/4,'bicubic');

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 4


    k=imresize(j,2,'bicubic');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 4')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BICUBIC


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/8,'nearest');
    k=imresize(j,2,'nearest');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('original image')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 8')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf NEAREST NEIGHBOR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/8,'bilinear');
    k=imresize(j,2,'bilinear');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 8')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 5


    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0
    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BILINEAR


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    i=imread('testpat1.png');
    j=imresize(i,1/8,'bicubic');
    k=imresize(j,2,'bicubic');
    figure;
    subplot(1,3,1)
    imshow(i)
    title('testpat1.png')
    subplot(1,3,2)
    imshow(j)
    title('zooming by 8')
    subplot(1,3,3)
    imshow(k)
    title('interpolated image')

    ha = axes('Position',[0 0 1 1],'Xlim',[0 1],'Ylim',[0


    4],'Box','off','Visible','off','Units','normalized', 'clipping' , 'off');

    text(0.5, 1,'\bf BICUBIC


    INTERPOLATION','HorizontalAlignment','center','VerticalAlignment', 'top')

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 6


    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 7
    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 8
    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 9
    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 10
    (c) To read a color image and convert it to gray scale image, convert it to gray scale image
    using map. Also convert a gray level image to index image. Comment on the results.

    imread : reads an image in a matrix form

    imshow and imview : displays image

    rgb2gray : converts color image to 8-bit gray level image

    im2bw : converts a grayscale image into a binary image

    gray2ind : converts grayscale image to indexed image

    Code:

    clc;
    clear all;
    close all;
    i=imread('football.jpg');%---reading an image---%
    figure;
    imshow(i)
    g=rgb2gray(i);%---RGB to GRAY conversion---%
    figure;
    imshow(g);
    b=im2bw(g)%---converting to binary image---%
    figure;
    imshow(b);
    neg=255-g;%---negative image---%
    figure;
    imshow(neg)

    Output:

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 11


    clc;
    close all;
    clear all;
    I=imread('cameraman.tif');
    [X, map] = gray2ind(I,13)
    figure;
    imshow(X, map)

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 12


    To read an image using map.

    [X, map] = imread(...) reads the indexed image in filename into X and its associated colormap into
    map. Colormap values in the image file are automatically rescaled into the range [0,1].

    clc;
    close all;
    clear all;
    [X, map] = imread('football.jpg');%---reading color image using "map"---%

    Type conversion with example of addition of two images.

    clc;
    close all;
    clear all;
    i1=imread('cameraman.tif');
    i2=imread('cameraman.tif');
    i1=double(i1);%---converting to double---%
    i2=double(i2);
    i=imadd(i1,i2);
    figure;
    imshow(i)%---without converting again to uint8---%
    figure;
    imshow(uint8(i))%---after converting again to uint8---%

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 13


    To study imwrite command.

    I=imread('cameraman.tif');
    imwrite(I,'p.png')%---writes image with the specified extension type---%
    imwrite(I,'p.tif')
    imwrite(I,'p.jpg')

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 14


    (d) To read an RGB image, convert into YCbCr. Extract Y, Cb and Cr components, resize them
    separately. Now, prove that we can reconstruct RGB image using knowledge of Y, Cb and Cr
    components.

    clc;
    close all;
    clear all;
    RGB = imread('board.tif');
    subplot(1,4,1)
    imshow(RGB)
    title('RGB image')
    YCBCR = rgb2ycbcr(RGB);
    subplot(1,4,2)
    imshow(YCBCR)
    title('YCbCr image')
    y=YCBCR(:,:,1);
    cb=YCBCR(:,:,2);
    cr=YCBCR(:,:,3);

    y1=imresize(y,2);
    cb1=imresize(cb,2);
    cr1=imresize(cr,2);

    new(:,:,1)=y1;
    new(:,:,2)=cb1;
    new(:,:,3)=cr1;

    subplot(1,4,3)
    imshow(new)
    title('doubled YCbCr image')

    new1=ycbcr2rgb(new);
    subplot(1,4,4)
    imshow(new1)
    title('doubled RGB image')

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 15


    Conclusions:
    Study of resizing i.e. Zooming and Shrinking implies that the method as well as the ratio by
    which image is resized affects the results. So, zooming and shrinking are the subjective
    processes based on the application.
    Interpolating the same image does not give the results same as original one. That means
    interpolation approximation must optimized in such a way that most of the information can
    be obtained back.
    Conversion of RGB to Gray, Gray to Binary show that RGB image contain three planes, each
    for particular color map while gray scale image is 8 bit image. Binary image is 2 bit image or
    a logical image.

    Goswami Pratikgiri R.(120420704006) Page 16

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