AIRCRAFT TIRE.

i. Aircraft tire are built to withstand a great deal of

punishment, but only by proper care and
maintenance that tire can give safe and defendable
service (accept a variety of static and dynamic
stress dependable in wide range of operation
conditions).

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.
ii. Aircraft tire are design in such a way that it can
withstand landing speed up to 250mph and
dynamic load of 22 33 ton of load.
iii. There are several type of aircraft tire and class as
types:
Types I, II, IV and VI (phased out/amend or stop
production)
Type III, VII and VIII.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.
iv. Types III:
Low pressure and generally used on small aircraft.
The section width wider in relation to bead diameter to allow
lower inflation pressure for improved cushioning and
floatation.
Section width and rim diameter are used to designate the size
of the tire.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.
v. Types VII:
Extra speed (horse power rating) and high load carrying
ability.
Tire designated by outside diameter and width.
vi. Types VIII:
High performance and extremely high take off speed.
Extra high inflation pressure and have a low profile
configuration tire.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE.
vii. Advantages and purposes:
Provide cushion of air that helps absorbs the shock and
roughness of landing and take off.
Provide necessary traction for braking purposes and assisting
in stopping the aircraft on landing.
Support the weight of the aircraft while on ground.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TUBELESS TIRE.
i. Similar in construction to the tube tires except they
have a rubber inner liner that is mated to the inside
surface of tire.
ii. The rubber liner helps retain air in the tire.
iii. The beaded area of the tubeless tire is designed to
form a seal with the wheel flange.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TUBELESS TIRE.
iv. Wear indicator have been built into some of tires as
aid in measuring tread wear, and these indicators
are holes in the tread area or lands in the bottom of
tread grooves.
v. Advantages of tubeless tire:
Air pressure retained longer because inner lining is unstretch.
Penetration by sharp object will not cause rapid loss of
pressure because lining clings closely to the object and
prevent loss of air.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TUBELESS TIRE.
v. Advantages of tubeless tire (continued):
More resistant to impact blows because of thicker casing, the
lining helping to distribute the stress.
Inflation valve creep is eliminated.
10% cooler than the conventional (tube tires) tire.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS.
i. Bead made of multiple strands of high tensile
carbon steel wires embedded in rubber and
wrapped in open weave fabric, the beads hold the
tire firmly on the rims and serve as an anchor for
the fabric plies that are turned up around the bead
wires. The carcass plies provide form mounting
surfaces on the wheel.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
ii. Apex strip An additional rubber formed around
the bead to give a contour for anchoring the ply
turn ups.
iii. Flipper (filler strips) The layers of fabric and
rubber insulate the carcass from bead wires and
improve the durability.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
iv. Chafers / chafing strips layers of rubber impregnated
woven fabric wrapped around the outside of the beads,
provide additional rigidity to the bead and prevent metal
wheel rim from chafing the tire that protects the carcass
from damage during mounting and de-mounting. They
insulate the carcass from brake heat and provide a good
seal against movements during dynamic operations.
Tubeless tire have an additional ply of rubber over the
chafing strip to function as an air seal.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
v. Breakers (breakers strip) one or more plies of
cord of woven fabric (nylon) impregnated with
rubber, used between the tread rubber and they
cord to provide extra reinforcement to prevent
bruise and damage to the tire (protect casing plies
and strengthen tread area). Breaker are not part of
cord body.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
vi. Bead Toe The inner edge closest to the tire
center line.
vii. Bead Heel The outer bead edge.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
viii. Carcass / Cord Body/ Casing Plies provides basic strength to
the tire, consists of multiple layer of nylon with individuals cords
arranged parallel to each other and completely encase in
rubber (rubberized fabric). The cord fabric has a strength in
only one direction, each layer of coated fabric constitutes on ply
of the cord body. Adjacent cord plies in the body are assemble
with the cords crossing at nearly right angles at each others.
This arrangement provides a string and flexible tire that
distributes impact shock over wide area. The function of the
cord body are to give the tire a tensile strength, to resist
internal pressure and maintain tire shape.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
ix. Ply rating the rating of an aircraft tire that
indicates its relative strength. The ply rating does
not indicate the actual number of plies of fabric in
the tire, rather it indicates the number of plies of
cotton fabric needed to produces the same strength
as the actual plies. Higher the rating, the greater
the load a tire could carry. Maximum static load an
inflation pressure determined ply rating of an
aircraft tire.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
x. Tread layer of rubber on the outer surface of the
tire protects the cord body from abrasion, cut
bruises and moisture. It is the surface that contact
the ground, made of rubber compound for
toughness and durability, the tread is patterned in
accordance with aircraft operational requirements.
The circumferential pattern of grooved in the tread
are designed to provides good traction under
widely varying runway conditions.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
TIRE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).
xi. Sidewall an outer layer of rubber adjoining the
tread and extending to the beads, like the treads it
protects the cord body from abrasion, cut bruises
and moisture.
xii. Inner liner On tubeless tire these inner layer of
less permeable (porous) rubber acts a built in
tuber, it prevents air from seeping through casing
plies. For tube tire a thinner rubber liner is used to
prevent tube chafing against the inside plies.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
TIRE SIDEWALL MARKINGS.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

TIRE SIDEWALL MARKINGS.

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TIRE SIDEWALL MARKINGS.

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AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.
i. Ribbed a very common pattern. Provides a good
combination of long tread wear, good grip and
directional stability especially on hard runaways.
ii. Diamond or block pattern (all weather) widely
used and gives good performance on all type of
surfaces. Suitable for turf or packed earth airstrip.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.
iii. Plain tread Use on some light aircraft and
helicopters.
iv. Twin contact Used on nose wheel in preventing
nose wheel shimmy.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.
v. Chined Some nose wheel tires are fitted with a
water deflector or chine on the side wall, to deflect
water away from rear mounted engines. The
deflector maybe on one side for twin wheel
installation or on both sides for single wheel
installation. Water dispersing tread having many
holes in the crown are sometimes used to help
prevent aqua planning
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
AIRCRAFT TIRE TREAD PATTERN.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR.
i. Patterned tread tires maybe used until the tread is
worn to the depth of the pattern.
ii. Ribbed tires with marker tie bars maybe used until
worn to the top of the tie bars.
iii. Ribbed tires without marker tie bars maybe used
until worn to within 2mm (0.080) of the wear
indicator grooves.
AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR
AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR.
iv. Twin contact tire maybe used until center of the
crown shows sign of having been contact with the
ground.
v. Plain tread tires maybe used until either the grey
cushion rubber is exposed or when the shades of
the casing cords can be seen through the cushion
rubber.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR.
NOTE : On tire reinforced treads, several layers of
fabric are molded into the treads rubber and will
becomes visible during normal use, the treads so
exposed should not be confused with the casing
cords. These tires are provide within marker tie bars
which should be used to assess the wear

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR.

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR (continued).

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR

AIRCRAFT TIRE WEAR (continued).

AIRCRAFT LANDING GEAR