Aluminium Industry in India
Aluminium Industry in India
Aluminium Industry in India
Aluminium Industry in India is a highly concentrated industry with the top 5 companies constituting the majority of the country's
production. With the growing demand of aluminium in India, the Indian aluminium industry is also growing at an enviable pace. In
fact, the production of aluminium in India is currently outpacing the demand.
Though India's per capita consumption of aluminium stands too low (under 1 kg) comparing to the per capita consumptions of
other countries like US & Europe (range from 25 to 30 kgs), Japan (15 kgs), Taiwan (10 kgs) and China (3 kgs), the demand is
growing gradually. In India, the industries that require aluminium most include power (44%), consumer durables, transportation
(10-12%), construction (17%) and packaging etc.
The Background
Though the existence of Aluminium was first established in the year 1808, it took almost 46 years to make its production
commercially viable. The research work of several years resulted in extracting the aluminium from the ore. Aluminium is third most
available element in the earth constituting almost 7.3% by mass. Currently it is also the second most used metal in the world after
steel. Due to the consistent growth of Indian economy at a rate of 8%, the demand for metals, used for various sectors, is also on
the higher side. As a result, the Indian aluminium industry is also growing consistently. In FY09, the aluminium industry in India
saw a growth of about 9%.
The production of aluminium started in India in 1938 when the Aluminum Corporation of India's plant was commissioned. The
plant which was set up with a financial and technical collaboration with Alcan, Canada had a capacity of producing 2,500 ton per
annum. Hindustan Aluminum Corporation (Hindalco) was set up in UP in the year 1959; it had a capacity of producing 20,000 ton
per annum. In 1965, a public sector enterprise Malco which had a capacity of 10,000 ton per annum was commissioned; by 1987,
National Aluminium Company (NALCO) was commissioned to produce aluminium. It had a capacity of producing 0.218 million
ton.
During the 1970s, the government started regulating and controlling the Indian aluminium industry. Restrictions in entry and price
distribution controls were quite common in the Indian aluminium sector. Aluminium Control Order was implemented where the
aluminium producers had to sell 50% of their products for electrical usages. However, in 1989, the order was removed as the
government decontrolling was revoked. With de-licensing of industry in 1991, the liberal import of technologies and capital goods
was started. The liberalization resulted in a growth rate of 12% of the industry, comparing to the growth rate of 6% during the
1980.
India is world's fifth largest aluminium producer with an aluminium production competence of around 2.7 million tones, accounting
almost 5% of the total aluminium production in the world. India is also a huge reservoir of Bauxite with a Bauxite reserve of 3
billion tones.
The Production
India lies at the eighth position in the list of leading primary aluminium producers in the world. India saw a significant growth in
aluminium production in the past five years. In 2006-07, the production target of aluminium in India laid by the Ministry of Mines,
Government of India was 1,153 KT, which was augmented to 1,237 KT in the next year (2007-08). Due to the growing demand
from the construction, electrical, automobiles and packaging industry, the production of aluminium also hiked up. In FY 09, the
total aluminium production in India was around 1.35 tonnes.
The Consumption
After a stagnant consumption of primary aluminium in India from the end of 1990s to 2002 (when the consumptions were between
500 – 600 KT), it started rising sharply since 2002. The consumption reached at 1,080 KT in 2006. The consumption of aluminium
in India is dominated by the industries like power, infrastructure, and transportation etc.
The Indian aluminium industry is dominated by four or five companies that constitute the majority of India's aluminium production.
Following are the major players in the Indian aluminium industry:
HINDALCO: Hindalco is the biggest player in the aluminium industry in India with around 39% of market share. An Aditya Birla
Group flagship company, Hindalco has its aluminium plant at Renukoot in Uttar Pradesh. It has various aluminium products with a
market share of 42% in primary aluminium, 20% in extrusions 63% in rolled products, 31% in wheels and 44% in foils.
Sterlite Industries: The aluminium business of Sterlite Industries Limited comprises of two Indian aluminium giants – BALCO and
MALCO. While BALCO is a partially integrated, MALCO is a fully integrated producer of aluminium. Sterlite has got a market
share of around 32%.
NALCO: It is also one of the leading aluminium producers in India. Government of India has a stake of 87.15% in this company.
Its aluminium refinery is located at Damanjodi. It also has a smelter located at Angul, Orissa. Currently, NALCO is concentrating
on a capex programme to increase its production from 345,000 tonnes to 460,000 tonnes.
------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------
Balance Sheet of Hindustan Zinc
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Sources Of Funds
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Application Of Funds
Total CA, Loans & Advances 1,323.92 1,486.31 2,714.87 3,796.42 1,997.74
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Income
Expenditure
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
« Previous Years
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 71.16 170.49 270.40 330.27 418.92
Profitability Ratios
Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) 54.87 72.37 61.43 37.55 49.89
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax 35.03 162.69 201.35 138.70 108.38
Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit 8.18 5.49 5.62 7.24 7.31
Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit 7.46 5.30 5.35 6.56 6.75
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Competition
Last Price Market Cap. Sales Net Profit Total Assets
(Rs. cr.) Turnover
Jindal Stainless
Jindal Stainless (JSL) was established in 1970 and is under the Jindal Group. Jindal Stainless Ltd. has expanded since its
establishment from a steel plant of a single unit to become a multi-product and multi-national steel company.
The Jindal Stainless Company's main business is to produce stainless steel. In India, the company is the only manufacturer of
strips of stainless steel which are used for making surgical and razor blades. Jindal Stainless Company supplies to the Indian
government CR strips. It also supplies coin blanks to the mint in India as well as in the world. The various other services offered
by the Jindal Stainless Ltd. are services in inventory management, engineering services in technical value, warehousing, material
testing, and customized products.
Jindal Stainless Company is the biggest producer of stainless steel in the country. The company has a 40% market share in the
stainless steel sector in India. The company has subsidiary companies which are Jindal Stainless Steelway and PT Jindal
Stainless.
The total income of the Jindal Stainless amounted to Rs. 8,598.2 million in 2005-2006 and the next year the figure stood at Rs.
12,014.9 million. The net profit of the company amounted to Rs. 507.9 million in 2005- 2006 and the next year the amount
increased to Rs. 826 million. Jindal Stainless Company is planning to establish a stainless steel plant in Orissa with the production
capacity of 1.6 million tons per year. The company will make an investment of around Rs. 56 billion in setting up this plant.
Jindal Stainless has become the leading company in the stainless steel sector in India. As it plans to expand in the near future,
the company is sure to become one of the leading stainless steel companies in the world.
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Sources Of Funds
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Application Of Funds
Total CA, Loans & Advances 1,922.19 2,502.23 4,581.94 4,040.15 4,443.09
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Income
Expenditure
Raw Materials 2,270.62 3,357.16 4,150.51 3,526.76 3,774.55
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 69.36 91.54 105.18 68.72 93.19
Profitability Ratios
Long Term Debt Equity Ratio 1.96 1.80 2.14 3.84 3.47
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax 4.52 4.65 3.16 0.23 2.66
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Competition
Last Price Market Cap. Sales Net Profit Total Assets
(Rs. cr.) Turnover
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Sources Of Funds
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Application Of Funds
Total CA, Loans & Advances 33.86 49.10 90.26 97.60 138.08
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Income
Expenditure
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 31.55 17.63 23.66 26.90 18.14
Profitability Ratios
Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) 7.77 8.64 10.66 7.89 10.65
Long Term Debt Equity Ratio 0.56 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.49
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax 3.53 3.61 4.00 2.02 2.67
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Competition
Last Price Market Cap. Sales Net Profit Total Assets
(Rs. cr.) Turnover
Precision Wires India Limited (PWIL) is the largest manufacturer of Enamelled Copper Winding Wires in
India. Our products include Round wire, Rectangular wire, Continuously Transposed Cables and Paper
Insulated Copper Conductors. These are widely used by the electrical and electronics industry across the
globe. PWIL offers its customers a wide variety of wires and conductors, ranging from fine wire to conductors
for large transformers.
Rigorous quality measures and controls have ensured the popularity of PWIL’s wires. Precision Wires is an
ISO 9001:2000 certified company. These quality controls have helped ensure that over the years, PWIL wires
have been synonymous with the best in quality and durability
Precision Wires India Limited (PWIL) was set up in 1989 for the manufacture of Enamelled Copper
Winding Wires. It was promoted by erstwhile Atlas Wires Limited (AWL), Mr. Mahendra Mehta, Mr. Deepak
Mehta and Mr. Milan Mehta.
PWIL has been listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (523529) and National Stock Exchange
(PRECWIRE) since inception.
AWL’s first manufacturing facility was set up in 1981 in the western Indian state of Gujarat. Two decades
later, in 2001, AWL was amalgamated with PWIL.
Headquartered in Mumbai, India, PWIL is the largest manufacturer of Copper Winding Wires in the
country and uses a combination of Indian skill and foreign technology to ensure the best possible end-product
quality.
Our current installed capacity is over 25,000 metric tonnes/annum. This capacity is further being
increased with several expansion projects in the pipeline. PWIL has three manufacturing facilities located at
Silvassa, Dadra Nagar Haveli and Palej, Gujarat.
At PWIL, we produce winding wires as per various technical specifications including IEC, IS, BS, NEMA
and JIS as well as per specific requirements our customers may have.
PWIL’s customers include many large and medium electrical and electronic equipment manufacturers
both in India and abroad. Our wires are widely used in equipment such as:
o Rotating machines (manufacturer and repairer)
o Alternators
o Hermetic motors (for refrigeration and air conditioning equipment)
o Power and Distribution Transformers
o Control and Power supply Transformers
o Ballasts
o Auto Electricals
o Electric hand Tools
o House hold appliances
o Fans
o Switchgear, relay and magnet coils
o Instruments and audio coils and many others
In recent years, PWIL has been increasingly targeting overseas markets. In the last fiscal year, exports
accounted for over 15% of our sales volume.
Top
------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------
Balance Sheet of Precision Wires India
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Sources Of Funds
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Application Of Funds
Total CA, Loans & Advances 149.54 192.16 220.67 163.64 218.91
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Income
Expenditure
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
12
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
mths
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 82.13 93.68 111.37 111.44 125.85
Profitability Ratios
Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) 8.23 5.16 5.29 1.33 5.30
Long Term Debt Equity Ratio 0.24 0.56 0.24 0.20 0.13
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax 16.10 5.63 6.67 3.88 8.49
Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit 23.13 28.21 28.23 93.16 26.31
Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit 18.32 19.46 18.55 9.42 17.76
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
Competition
Last Price Market Cap. Sales Net Profit Total Assets
(Rs. cr.) Turnover
We are listed on the BSE and NSE in India and are the First Indian Metals & Mining Company to list on the New York
Stock Exchange.
Our primary businesses; Aluminum, Copper, Zinc & Lead and Commercial Energy.
Sterlite Industries India Limited (SIIL) is the principal subsidiary of Vedanta Resources
plc, a diversified and integrated FTSE 100 metals and mining company, with principal
operations located in India and Australia.
Sterlite’s principal operating companies comprise Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL) for its
fully integrated zinc and lead operations; Sterlite Industries India Limited (Sterlite) and
Copper Mines of Tasmania Pty Limited (CMT) for its copper operations in
India/Australia; and Bharat Aluminium Company (BALCO), for its aluminium and
alumina operations and Sterlite Energy for its commercial power generation business.
Sterlite is India's largest non-ferrous metals and mining company and is one of the fastest
growing private sector companies. Sterlite is listed on BSE, NSE and NYSE. It was the
first Indian Metals & Mining Company to list on the New York Stock Exchange.
Sterlite has continually demonstrated its ability to deliver major value creating projects,
offering unparalleled growth at lowest costs and generating superior financial returns for
its shareholders. At the same time, it ensures that its expansion projects meet high
conservative financial norms and do not place an unwarranted burden on its balance sheet
and financial resources.
A majority of company’s operations are certified to the International Standards like ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS
18001. SIIL laboratories at Tuticorin and Silvassa have been recognized with ISO 17025:2005 certification from Nationa
Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL). The company is LME approved copper tester. Ou
copper products meet the requirement of Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS complied) and certified by
Underwriters Laboratories Inc. SIIL’s Central lab at Silvassa is a GoI approved R&D laboratory. The company has also
won numerous awards for safety and environment.
Sterlite develops and manages a diverse portfolio of mining and metals businesses to provide attractive returns to its
shareholders whilst carrying out its activities in a socially and environmentally responsible manner and creating value for
the communities where it operates. As one of the largest metals and mining groups in India, Sterlite remains continually
committed to managing its business in a socially responsible manner. The management of environment, employees, healt
and safety and community issues, in respect of its operations is central to the success of company’s business.
Production volumes
(“000 tonnes) 28 28 -1
Mined metal 33 31 8
content 9 3 26
Cathode 22 17
Rods 5 8
Cash settlement prices 7,5 6, 9
(US$ Per Tonne) 88 98
4
Unit costs (US$ per lb) 1.8 6. -
1 71
Realised TC/RC (US 16 31 -
cents per lb) 50
Revenue (Rs crore) 12, 11 8
65 ,7
8 27
EBITDA (Rs crore) 1,7 1, -4
95 86
9
EBITDA Margin (%) 14 16
Operating profit (Rs 99 1, -
crore) 8 42 30
0
Unit Costs
Unit conversion costs, which consist of costs of smelting and refining, have reduced significantly to 1.8 cents per lb in
2007-08, compared to 6.1 cents per lb last year. Higher energy prices and fixed cost have been offset by better
byproduct realisation and substantial operational recoveries. The sharp reduction in unit cost of production reflects our
relentless focus on this area. We have taken up various TQM programmes which should result to further improvements
in process and technical efficiency.
Given our growing output of byproducts, especially sulphuric acid, and our skills in selling these at best possible
prices, we hope to achieve a state where the revenue obtained from by-product sales will exceed the total cost of
production – thus achieving negative unit cost of production in the coming years.
Treatment Charges and Refining Charges (TC/RC)
2007-08 witnessed a tightening in the global concentrate market, mainly due to cutback in production of the second largest mine in
the world combined with increased refining capacities and aggressive buying of concentrates in China. Spot markets were extremely
firm. During fourth quarter of 2007-08, TC ruled at around US$ 20 per tonne of concentrate, and RC at 2 cents per lb of copper (i.e.
around US$ 110 per tonne). This resulted in a reduction in TC/RC compared to 2006-07. Negotiations for the 2008 Annual Frame
Contracts for concentrates have been completed and the benchmark
TC/RC has been established at 45/4.5 (i.e. US$ 45 per tonne of concentrate for TC and US cent 4.5 per lb of copper for RC) with
various improvements in the side terms such as quotation period, payment terms and gold/silver refining charges. Sterlite has
concluded all its annual negotiations around similar levels with substantial improvements on side terms. Even so, the concentrate
market is expected to be in a state of deficit for next couple of years. This may result in further softening of the TC/RC terms for the
Company in the near term.
Sales: Copper
The Company’s efforts towards market development in India have paid dividends. Our domestic sale has increased by
35% to 157,071 tonnes in 2007-08 compared to previous year, and we accounted for 29% of the market in India. We
also exported 180,035 tonnes of copper cathodes and copper rods, to our key overseas markets – the Middle East,
China, Japan, Philippines and Thailand. We continue to develop a sizeable customer base for the export of copper rods.
Financial Performance
Revenues from our copper business rose by 8% to Rs. 12,658 crore in 2007- 08. However, despite major reductions in
the cost of production, the combined effect of a 50% fall in TC/RCs, over 11% appreciation in the rupee against the US
dollar and increasing fuel prices led to a 30% reduction in operating profits (EBIT) to Rs. 998 crore.
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Sources Of Funds
Application Of Funds
Total CA, Loans & Advances 3,650.98 4,380.27 4,475.96 6,544.25 16,922.74
Profit & Loss account of Sterlite Industries ------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------
(India)
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Income
Expenditure
Mar '06 Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
670.7
Net Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) 211.68 178.88 163.00 156.06
0
355.2
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) 76.19 182.38 194.80 260.78
2
Profitability Ratios
Profit Before Interest And Tax Margin(%) 9.80 8.01 5.33 6.00 2.67
Long Term Debt Equity Ratio 0.23 0.18 0.02 0.02 0.11
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio Post Tax 6.31 6.02 7.63 7.88 4.83
Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit 15.59 32.49 34.84 23.46 44.19
Dividend Payout Ratio Cash Profit 12.45 27.76 30.40 20.68 37.41
Mar
Mar '07 Mar '08 Mar '09 Mar '10
'06
366.9
Book Value 79.82 185.69 198.15 264.58
8
Competition
Last Price Market Cap. Sales Net Profit Total Assets
(Rs. cr.) Turnover
Sterlite Ind 176.15 59,214.61 13,124.50 831.50 27,590.28