MCQs Management

1. Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work
activities in order to accomplish organizational goals is ___________.
A. a very intelligent individual
B. a supervisor of production work
C. a manager
D. an operations supervisor

2. Managers who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and

establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization are _____________.
A. first-line managers
B. top managers
C. production managers
D. research managers

4. All levels of management between the supervisory level and the top level of the
organization are termed _____________.
a. middle managers
b. first-line managers
c. supervisors
d. foremen

5. Executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, chief
executive officer, or chairman of the board are positions associated with which of the
following levels of management?
a. team leaders
b. middle managers
c. first-line managers
d. top managers

6. Agency head or plant manager is most likely associated with which of the following?
a. team leaders
b. middle managers
c. first-line managers
d. top managers

7. The lowest level of management is ______________.

a. a nonmanagerial employee
b. a department of research manager
c. a vice president
d. a first-line manager

8. Supervisor is another name for whom?

a. team leaders
b. middle managers
 c. first-line managers
d. top managers

9. All levels of management between the supervisory level and the top level of the
organization are termed _____________.
a. middle managers
b. first-line managers
c. supervisors
d. foremen

10. Division manager is associated with which of the following levels of management?
a. team leaders
b. middle managers
c. first-line managers
d. top managers

11. An automobile manufacturer that increased the total number of cars produced at the
same cost, but with many defects, would be _____________.
a. efficient and effective
b. increasing efficiency
c. increasing effectiveness
d. concerned with inputs

12. Effectiveness is synonymous with _____________.

a. cost minimization
b. resource control
c. goal attainment
d. efficiency

13. Efficiency refers to _____________.

a. the relationship between inputs and outputs
b. the additive relationship between costs and benefits
c. the exponential nature of costs and outputs
d. increasing outputs regardless of cost

14. The management process functions consist of ______________.

a. planning, organizing, staffing, and directing
b. planning, organizing, leading, and directing
c. planning, organizing, leading, and staffing
d. planning, organizing, leading, and controlling

15. Managers with titles such as department head, project leader, plant manager, or
division manager are _______________.
a. first-line managers
b. top managers
c. production managers
 d. middle managers

16. _____________ is the process of getting activities completed efficiently and

effectively with and through other people.
a. Leading
b. Management
c. Supervision
d. Controlling

17. In successful organizations, ______________.

a. low efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in hand
b. high efficiency and low effectiveness go hand in hand
c. high efficiency and high effectiveness go hand in hand
d. high efficiency and high equity go hand in hand

18. The five management functions of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating,

and controlling was proposed by ______________.
a. Frederick W. Taylor
b. Henry Ford
c. Chester Barnard
d. Henri Fayol

19. _____________ was a French industrialist who identified the basic management
functions.
a. Weber
b. Taylor
c. Herzberg
d. Fayol

20. Workforce diversity refers to differences in employees such as ________________.

a. gender
b. race
c. age
d. all of the above

21. Writing an organizational strategic plan is an example of the ______________

management function.
a. leading
b. coordinating
c. planning
d. organizing

22. Organizing includes _____________.

a. defining organizational goals
b. hiring organizational members
c. motivating organizational members
 d. determining who does what tasks

23. The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is called _____________.

a. controlling
b. coordinating
c. leading
d. organizing

24. TQM differs from earlier management theories because TQM costs can be lowered
while _______________.
a. decreasing costs
b. increasing productivity
c. allowing reworked production to be handled by special teams assigned to this
task
d. employees are laid off

25. An organization is ______________.

a. the physical location where people work
b. a collection of individuals working for the same company
c. a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose
d. a group of individuals focused on profit-making for their shareholders

26. A difference between traditional organizations and new organizations is that the new
organizations will be more
a. stable.
b. command oriented.
c. rule oriented.
d. dynamic.

27. Workforce diversity will be realized in the next decade most importantly by _______
of the population in the United States.
a. increase in teenagers
b. aging
c. divorce rate
d. birthrate

28. A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose is

a. a structure.
b. a process.
c. an organization.
d. an assembly operation.
29. Frederick Taylor performed most of his work in _______________.
a. grape vineyards in California
b. steel companies in Pennsylvania
c. auto assembly plants near Detroit
d. cotton gins in Alabama
30. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth’s work began in the area of _________________.
a. laying bricks
b. cutting lumber
c. installing rudimentary electrical wiring
d. assembly lines

31. A learning organization develops the capability to ______________.

a. add new training programs even when competitors are going bankrupt
b. accept conventional wisdom of the industry
c. continuously learn, adapt, and change
d. work in teams

32. Knowledge management involves encouraging the members of the organization to

________________.
a. improve the educational level of the average employee
b. develop new training programs to help new employees learn their jobs
c. develop a corporate university like Hamburger University at McDonald’s
d. systematically gather information and share it with others

33. Which of the following skills are more important at lower levels of management, as
these managers are dealing directly with employees doing the organization’s work?
a. human
b. technical
c. conceptual
d. empirical

34. Universality of management means that _____________

a. all managers in all organizations perform the four management functions
b. all managers in all organizations can perform their job the same way
c. all organizations can hire any manager to perform the management jobs
d. any manager can work in any organization and perform any management job

35. Organizations that are well managed ____________.

a. choose the best suppliers for their products
b. compete on an international basis because they have the best products
c. always have the lowest-cost products
d. develop a loyal customer base, grow, and prosper

36. According to the decision-making process, the first step would be to _____________.
a. analyze alternative solutions
b. identify decision criteria
c. evaluate her decision’s effectiveness
d. identify the problem
37. According to the decision-making process, the second step would be to
____________.
a. analyze alternative solutions
b. identify decision criteria
c. evaluate her decision’s effectiveness
d. allocate weights to the criteria

38. The very last step according to the decision-making process, would be to
__________.
a. analyze alternative solutions
b. select alternatives
c. implement the alternative
d. evaluate the decision’s effectiveness

39. According to the textbook, the fastest growth in the U.S. workforce will be among
________________.
a. African-American workers
b. Asian workers
c. Turkish workers
d. German workers
e. Australian workers
40. __________ is the process of developing businesses to pursue trends and changes that
no one else has seen before.
a. Entrepreneurship
b. Division of labor
c. Evolution
d. E-commerce

41. In Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith described the breakdown of jobs into narrow and
repetitive tasks and called this ______________.
a. assembly lines
b. lowest common factor of work
c. division of labor
d. greatest common factor of work

42. The major contribution of the Industrial Revolution was the substitution of ________
for human power.
a. electricity
b. water power
c. machine power
d. critical thinking

43. According to the textbook, probably the best-known example of Taylor’s scientific
management was the ______________ experiment.
a. horseshoe
b. pig iron
 c. blue collar
d. fish tank

44. Based on his scientific management principles, Taylor suggested which of the
following pay principles?
a. monthly salary
b. monthly salary with bonus
c. seniority pay
d. incentive pay

45. Decisions on determining a company’s optimum inventory levels have been

significantly influenced by _________________.
a. linear programming
b. work scheduling
c. economic order quantity modeling
d. regression analysis

46. The 14 principles of management are associated with whom?

a. Weber
b. Drucker
c. Taylor
d. Fayol

47. In a global marketplace ____________.

a. the entire world is a marketplace
b. national borders are irrelevant
c. the potential for organizations to grow expands dramatically
d. all of the above

48. Organizational culture is similar to an individual’s _____________.

a. skills
b. personality
c. motivation
d. ability

49. Strong cultures _____________.

a. are found in organizations with strong leaders
b. have a minimal influence on the employee when she or he is making decisions
c. can be found in all organizations that exist
d. have a greater influence on employees than do weak cultures

50. Employees in organizations with strong cultures _______________.

a. are more committed to their organization
b. are more likely to leave the organization than stay
c. are more willing to perform illegal activities
d. are more likely to follow directives from peers
51. Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were the first researchers to utilize motion pictures to the
study of _____________.
a. reactions of workers in group settings
b. hand-and-body motions
c. workers reactions to pay increases
d. groups of workers in tense situations where they are assigning each other tasks

52. Which of the following phrases is most associated with scientific management?
a. management relations
b. one best way
c. supply and demand
d. quality control
53. According to the textbook, the fastest growth in the U.S. workforce will be among
________________.
a. African-American workers
b. Asian workers
c. Turkish workers
d. German workers
e. Australian workers

54. Workforce diversity refers to differences in employees such as ________________.

a. gender
b. race
c. age
d. all of the above
55. The primary issue that aroused Taylor to create a more scientific approach to
management was ______________.
a. worker efficiency
b. worker effectiveness
c. worker absenteeism and turnover
d. workplace safety

56. Bureaucracy defined as a form of organization characterized by

__________________.
a. division of labor
b. clearly defined hierarchy
c. detailed rules and regulations
d. all of the above

57. ______________ is a technique that managers use to improve resource allocation

decisions.
a. Linear programming
b. Work scheduling
c. Economic order quantity modeling
d. Regression analysis
58. __________ is the process of developing businesses to pursue trends and changes that
no one else has seen before.
a. Entrepreneurship
b. Division of labor
c. Evolution
d. E-commerce

59. Knowledge management involves encouraging the members of the organization to

________________.
a. improve the educational level of the average employee
b. develop new training programs to help new employees learn their jobs
c. develop a corporate university like Hamburger University at McDonald’s
d. systematically gather information and share it with others

60. The sales and marketing component of e-business is _____________.

a. intranet
b. evolution
c. e-commerce
d. extranet
61. The principle reason for formation of the regional trading alliance in Europe
was to reduce the power of the United States and .
a. Canada
b. Mexico
c. Japan
d. Russia

62. The primary motivation for joining the European Union was _______ .

a. to reduce the economic competitiveness with other parts of the world

b. to increase the political power of European countries in worldwide
peace negotiations
c. to control tax exemptions within Europe and encourage inter-member
cooperation in apprehending (catch/arrest) tax cheaters
d. to reassert their economic power against America and Japan
63. The North American Free Trade Agreement ___________ .

a. includes Mexico, Canada, and the United States

b. includes Mexico, Brazil, and Columbia
c. reduced trade between the United States and Canada
d. reduced the economic power of Canada and the United States and increased
the power of Mexico
64. Interest rates, inflation rates, and stock market indexes are all examples of what
factor in an organization’s general environment?
a. economic
b. political
 c. social
d. technological
65. Which of the following is not an example of an organization’s general environment?
a. economic conditions
b. political conditions
c. social conditions
d. industry conditions
66. Sociocultural conditions consist of _______________.
a. demographic profiles of the organization’s suppliers
b. legal issues as determined by court decisions
c. the level of unemployment and real economic incomes of workers
d. changing expectations of the society in which they operate
67. Managers seek to ensure a steady __________________.
a. cash flow from stockholders into the organization
b. flow of needed inputs at the lowest price available
c. flow of customers at the company’s outlet store
d. flow of suppliers to keep the competition among suppliers at a peak

68. The Internet is having an impact on who an organization’s competitors are because it
has _____________.
a. defined the common markets for the organizations
b. made the products they sell invaluable to the customer
c. virtually eliminated the need for shopping malls
d. virtually eliminated the geographic boundaries
69. An organization’s specific environment ________________.
a. is unique and changes with conditions
b. is the same regardless of the organization’s age
c. is determined by the top level of management
d. is quantified to determine its existence
70. The specific environment of organizations consists of constituencies that have a direct
impact on managers’ decisions and actions. The main constituencies are made up of
customers, suppliers, competitors, and __________.
a. legislators
b. pressure groups
c. employees
d. lawyers

71. According to the textbook, which of the following groups includes individuals who
were born between the years 1946–1964?
a. the Depression group
b. the World War II group
c. the baby boomers
d. Generation X

72. Which factor has been the most rapidly changing component in an organization’s
general environment in the past quarter-century?
 a. global
b. economic
c. social
d. technological

73. The enhanced speed and quality of managerial decision making due to an integrated
office system is an example of the impact of which general environmental factor?
a. global
b. social
c. political
d. technological

74. We call it a __________ environment if the components in an organization’s

environment change frequently.
a. moving
b. diverse
c. dynamic
d. difficult

75. A manager resolving conflict among organizational members is performing what

function?
a. controlling
b. commanding
c. directing
d. leading

76. Mentoring is primarily associated with the management function of _____________.

a. planning
b. organizing
c. leading
d. controlling

77. The distinction between a managerial position and a nonmanagerial position is

___________.
a. planning the work of others
b. coordinating the work of others
c. controlling the work of others
d. organizing the work of others

78. _____________ distinguishes a managerial position from a nonmanagerial one.

a. Manipulating others
b. Concern for the law
c. Increasing efficiency
d. Coordinating and integrating others’ work
79. Whereas _____________ is concerned with the means of getting things done,
_________ is concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals.
a. effectiveness; efficiency
b. efficiency; effectiveness
c. effectiveness; goal attainment
d. goal attainment; efficiency

80. One of the common characteristics of all organization is _____________, which

clarifies members’ work relationships.
a. its people
b. its goals
c. its deliberate structure
d. its purpose

81. Which one of the following phrases is best associated with managerial conceptual
skills?
a. decision making
b. communicating with customers
c. using information to solve business problems
d. product knowledge

82. Planning gives direction, reduces the impact of change, minimizes waste and
redundancy(idleness), and __________.
a. establishes the workloads for each of the departments
b. sets the basis used for promotion of individuals within the organization
c. eliminates departments that are found to not be needed within the plan
d. sets the standards used in controlling

83. Planning can’t eliminate change. Managers plan in order to ___________.

a. be prepared for when changes in management at the top occurs
b. anticipate changes and develop the most-effective response to changes
c. decide what needs to be done when a change in environments happen
d. have the appropriate materials available when the demand for them comes
about

84. The effect of planning on managers is that it forces them to do which of the
following?
a. react to change
b. consider the impact of change
c. respond indiscriminately
d. develop bureaucratic response models

85. An example of early uses of the functions of management is the _______________.

a. development of gunpowder
b. arsenal of Venice where ships were built
c. Artist’s Revolution in 1803
 d. War of 1812

86. General administrative theory focuses on ________________.

a. the entire organization
b. managers and administrators
c. the measurement of organizational design relationships
d. primarily the accounting function
87. A ______________ organization is one that has developed the capacity to
continuously learn, adapt, and change.
a. virtual
b. learning
c. traditional
d. bureaucratic

88. ______________ is the generic term used to describe the quality revolution that
swept through both the business and public sectors during the 1980s and 1990s.
a. Ethno quality management
b. Total quality management
c. Hyper quality management
d. Partial quality management

89. In formal planning, _________.

a. specific goals covering a period of years are defined
b. specific goals are developed and not written
c. general goals are developed and not written
d. general goals covering an unspecified period of years are defined

90. Formal planning involves which of the following aspects?

a. developing general objectives
b. planning for up to one year
c. writing objectives
d. distributing the plan to all managerial employees
91. General administrative theorists devoted their efforts to _________________.
a. making the overall organization more effective
b. developing mathematical models to improve management
c. improving the productivity and efficiency of workers
d. emphasizing the study of human behavior in organizations
92. Informal planning is _________.
a. performed at the lowest organizational level
b. general and lacks continuity
c. developed in informal meetings at a resort
d. specific and is developed by the middle managers for their department
93. The quantitative approach involves applications of _______________.
a. statistics
b. optimization models
c. information models
 d. computer simulations
e. all of the above

94. Quantitative techniques have become less intimidating with the advent of
_______________.
a. training of these techniques in college
b. computers
c. sophisticated computer software
d. managers with better mathematical skills
e. quality control

95. A learning organization develops the capability to ______________.

a. add new training programs even when competitors are going bankrupt
b. accept conventional wisdom of the industry
c. continuously learn, adapt, and change
d. work in teams
96. An organization whose entire existence is made possible by and revolves around the
Internet is categorized as which of the following e-business involvements?
a. e-business enhanced
b. e-business enabled
c. total e-business
d. theoretical e-business

97. TQM differs from earlier management theories because TQM costs can be lowered
while _______________.
a. decreasing costs
b. increasing productivity
c. allowing reworked production to be handled by special teams assigned to this
task
d. employees are laid off

98. Corporate ___________ are repetitive sequences of activities that express and
reinforce the values of the organization, what goals are most important, which people are
important, and which are expendable.
a. languages
b. rituals (formal procedure/custom/habit)
c. symbols
d. ceremonies

99. The most significant ways that culture is transmitted to employees consist of
__________.
a. rituals, tales of woe, symbols, and language
b. symbols, rituals, language, and systems
c. stories, rituals, symbols, and language
d. language, stories, rituals, and rewards
100. Most organizations have ____________ cultures.
a. very weak
b. weak to moderate
c. moderate
d. moderate to strong

101. External environment refers to _________________.

a. institutions outside the organization that affect the organization’s performance
b. forces and institutions outside the organization that potentially can affect the
organization’s performance
c. forces and institutions inside the organization that affect the organization’s
performance
d. forces inside the organization that affect the organization’s performance

102. United Parcel Service represents what factor to the U.S. Postal Service in its specific
environment?
a. competitor
b. supplier
c. customer
d. government agency

103. The roles of disseminator, figurehead, negotiator, liaison, and spokesperson are
more important at the __________ levels of the organization.
a. lower
b. middle
c. higher
d. supervisory
104. Which of the following was a major contribution of Hugo Munsterberg?
a. He was a social reformer.
b. He created the field of industrial psychology.
c. He was interested in individual and group behavior.
d. He viewed organizations as social systems requiring human cooperation.

105. Munsterberg’s work in industrial psychology is easily connected with what other
management approach?
a. general administrative
b. classical management
c. systems
d. scientific management

106. Which of the following is not one of the three important themes that stand out in the
definition of entrepreneurship?
a. the pursuit of opportunities
b. the theme of innovation
c. the potential of failure
d. the theme of growth
107. Informal planning is _________.
a. performed at the lowest organizational level
b. general and lacks continuity
c. developed in informal meetings at a resort
d. specific and is developed by the middle managers for their department

108. In formal planning, _________.

a. specific goals covering a period of years are defined
b. specific goals are developed and not written
c. general goals are developed and not written
d. general goals covering an unspecified period of years are defined

109. Formal planning involves which of the following aspects?

a. developing general objectives
b. planning for up to one year
c. writing objectives
d. distributing the plan to all managerial employees

110. Which of the following is not one of Fayol’s principles of management?

a. division of work
b. unity of command
c. discipline
d. equality

111. In informal planning, __________ sharing of goals with others in the organization.
a. everything may be written down, but there is little or no
b. everything is written down, and there is
c. nothing is written down, and there is little or no
d. nothing is written down, therefore management does a lot of
112. What scientist is most closely associated with the Hawthorne studies?
a. Adams
b. Mayo
c. Lawler
d. Barnard

113. The Hawthorne studies were initially devised to study ______________.

a. productivity levels of groups versus individuals
b. the effect of noise on employee productivity
c. the effect of illumination levels on employee productivity
d. the effect of cooperative versus competitive organizational environments on
productivity

114. One outcome of the Hawthorne studies could be described by which of the
following statements?
 a. Social norms or group standards are the key determinants of individual
work behavior.
b. Money is more important than the group on individual productivity.
c. Behavior and employee sentiments are inversely related.
d. Security is relatively unimportant.

115. An internal organizational communication system that uses Internet technology and
is accessible only by organizational employees to communicate with its global workforce
is called a(n) _______________.
a. extranet
b. local area network
c. intranet
d. hypernet

116. This second theme of entrepreneurship involves changing, revolutionizing,

transforming, or introducing new products or services or new ways of doing business.
a. organizational structure
b. innovation
c. organizational systems
d. technology

117. All of the following are characteristics of total quality management except
_______________.
a. intense focus on the competition
b. concern for continual improvement
c. improvement in the quality of everything the organization does
d. accurate measurement

118. When you think of an organization’s suppliers, you ________________.

a. know that they are the main customers of the organization
b. typically think of governments that pass the laws the organization must follow
c. know that they are located close to the buying organization
d. typically think in terms of organizations that provide materials and
equipment

119. An organization’s culture is ______________.

a. represented in organizational meetings by the top manager of the organization
b. represented by a common perception held by interest groups that watch the
organization
c. represented by a common perception held by the organization’s members
d. changed when the organization is purchased by new owners

120. For an organization such as a hospital that needs nurses, the labor union and the
local labor market are examples of what kinds of factors in their specific environment?
a. special-interest group and supplier
b. customer and special-interest group
 c. both are examples of suppliers
d. government agency and competitor

121. ______________ is a comprehensive term describing the way an organization does

its work by using electronic (Internet-based) linkages with its key constituencies in order
to efficiently and effectively achieve its goals.
a. Electronic commerce
b. Electronic business
c. Virtual business
d. Technologically impaired

122. In which of the following categories of e-business involvement does an organization

use the Internet to perform its traditional business functions better, but not to sell
anything?
a. e-business enhanced organization
b. e-business enabled organization
c. total e-business organization
d. theoretical e-business organization

123. An organization whose entire existence is made possible by and revolves around the
Internet is categorized as which of the following e-business involvements?
a. e-business enhanced
b. e-business enabled
c. total e-business
d. theoretical e-business

124. ______________ involves cultivating a learning culture where organizational

members systematically gather knowledge and share it with others in the organization so
as to achieve better performance.
a. Systems management
b. Software management
c. Technical management
d. Knowledge management

125. All of the following are characteristics of a learning organization except

______________.
a. “if it was invented or reinvented here, reject it.”
b. “if you aren’t changing, it won’t be working for long.”
c. “ability to learn; knowledge and expertise.”
d. “control others.”

126. ____________ and ____________ were the most famous drivers of TQM.
a. Deming; Juran
b. Juran; Bailey
c. Bailey; Geerdhart
e. Taylor; Deming
127. _____________ is a philosophy of management driven by continual improvement
and responding to customer needs and expectations.
a. Workplace religion
b. Workplace spirituality
c. Quality management
d. Knowledge management

128. The omnipotent view of management means ________________.

a. the top manager is the only person in charge
b. managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure
c. that there is only one boss in the organization, and she or he is responsible for
delegating orders
d. managers have little or no responsibility for an organization’s success or failure

129. The symbolic view of management means _____________.

a. managers are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure
b. managers have little or no responsibility for an organization’s success or failure
c. that external forces are directly responsible for an organization’s success
or failure
d. the employees are directly responsible for an organization’s success or failure

130. Internal constraints that restrict a manager’s decision options _______________.

a. exist within every organization
b. do not exist, as all managers can decide as they please
c. exists only to the extent that upper management imposes them
d. exist only to the extent that followers won’t do as they are told

131. An organization’s culture ______________.

a. constrains what managers can do and are rarely explicit
b. seldom constrains what managers can, cannot do, and are rarely explicit
c. seldom constrains what managers can, cannot do, and are rarely implicit
d. constrains what managers can, cannot do, and are rarely explicit

132. For a company such as Walt Disney World in Florida, a bank would be an example
of what kind of factor in their specific environment?
a. competitor
b. supplier
c. special-interest group
d. government agency

133. Which of the following is not an example of a specific environmental factor?

a. suppliers
b. political conditions
c. governmental agencies
d. B and C are correct.
134. Typically, the specific organizational environment includes which of the following?
a. economic factors
b. political conditions
c. technological factors
d. competitors

135. Typically, the general organizational environment includes which of the following?
a. political conditions
b. issues directly relevant to achieving organizational goals
c. stakeholders
d. suppliers

136. Managers try to minimize __________ because it is a threat to an organization’s

effectiveness.
a. product development
b. uncertainty
c. price charges
d. the number of suppliers

137. Which of the following are the two dimensions of environmental uncertainty?
a. degree of change and degree of complexity
b. degree of change and degree of volume
c. degree of complexity and degree of impact
d. degree of impact and degree of timing

138. Contemporary management practices that emphasize work groups as a means to

increasing productivity can be traced to which of the following authors?
a. Robert Owen
b. Mary Parker Follett
c. Chester Barnard
d. Hugo Munsterberg

139. ________ and ________ were two of the pioneers in the area of total quality
management.
a. Fayol; Weber
b. Taylor; Gilbreth
c. Owen; Munsterberg
d. Deming; Juran

140. One of the common characteristics of all organizations is ____________ , which is

typically expressed in terms of its goals.
a. its people
b. its goals
c. its systematic structure
d. its purpose
141. We have a vested interest in improving the way organizations are managed because
_________________.
a. we want the organization to be functioning when our education is completed
b. we interact with organizations every single day of our lives
c. if organizations don’t improve we won’t have a place to work in the future
d. organizations supply inputs to other organizations

142. When we are conveying our decision to those affected and getting their commitment
to it, we are performing which step in the decision-making process?
a. analyzing alternative solutions
b. selecting alternatives
c. implementing the alternative
d. identifying the problem

143. Allocating weights to the criteria is the step in the decision-making process that
occurs between identifying the decision criteria and ______________.
a. developing the alternatives
b. selecting alternatives
c. implementing the alternative
d. identifying the problem

144. The ______dimension of trust refers to the willingness to protect and save
face for others.

a. integrity

b. competence

c. openness

d. loyalty

145. As the new manager explained the recent sales trend, others began to
wonder if he really knew what he was talking about. Their doubt relates to
the dimension of trust.
a. integrity

b. competence

c. openness

d. loyalty
146. Women tend to use a more style of leadership.
a. autocratic

b. laissez-faire

c. democratic

d. directive

e. transactional

147. Men tend to use a more _______leadership style.

a. employee-centred

b. task-centred

c. organization-centred

d. customer-centred

e. management-centred

148. The most critical dimension in determining another’s trustworthiness is:

a. integrity.

b. loyalty.

c. competence.

d. consistency.

e. openness.

149. ______ is a positive expectation that another will not act opportunistically.

a. Integrity

b. Followership

c. Trust

d. Loyalty

e. Openness

e. consistency