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Solution 1 - Signals

This document is a tutorial sheet that provides solutions to signal analysis problems involving signals in the time and frequency domains. It contains sketches and descriptions of various continuous and discrete time signals. It also provides the spectra for two given time domain signals: one containing the sum of three sinusoids and the other containing the sum of two sinusoids and a modulated sinusoid. The optional challenge at the end suggests generating and analyzing these signals in MATLAB.

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97 views

Solution 1 - Signals

This document is a tutorial sheet that provides solutions to signal analysis problems involving signals in the time and frequency domains. It contains sketches and descriptions of various continuous and discrete time signals. It also provides the spectra for two given time domain signals: one containing the sum of three sinusoids and the other containing the sum of two sinusoids and a modulated sinusoid. The optional challenge at the end suggests generating and analyzing these signals in MATLAB.

Uploaded by

Raja S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DE2.

3 Electronics 2 for Design Engineers

Tutorial Sheet 1 – Signals in Time and Frequency Domains

SOLUTIONS

1.* Sketch each of the following continuous-time signals. For each case, specify if the signal is
causal/non-causal, periodic/non-periodic, odd/even. If the signal is periodic specify its period.
(i) x(t ) = 2 sin(2πt )
⎧3e −2t , t ≥ 0
(ii) x(t ) = ⎪⎨
⎪⎩0, t<0
(iii) x(t ) = 1 / t

SOLUTION:
(i) Non-causal, because it takes non-zero values for −∞ < t < ∞ . Periodic with period 1. Odd because
x(−t ) = − x(t ) .
(ii) Causal, because it takes non-zero values for 0 ≤ t < ∞ . Non-periodic. Neither odd nor even.
(iii) Non-causal, because it takes non-zero values for −∞ < t < ∞ . Non-periodic. Even because x(−t ) = x(t ) .

2.* Sketch the signal


⎧1 − t , 0 ≤ t ≤ 1
x(t ) = ⎨
⎩0, otherwise
Now sketch each of the following and describe briefly in words how each of the signals can be
derived from the original signal x(t ) .
(i) x(t + 3)
(ii) x(t / 3)
(iii) x(t / 3 + 1)
(iv) x(−t + 2)
(v) x(−2t + 1)

SOLUTION:

(i) Left shift by 3.


(ii) Linearly expand by factor of 3.
(iii) x(t / 3 + 1) = x[(t + 3) / 3] . Linearly stress (expand) by factor of 3 and shift left by 3.
(iv) Time reverse and shift right by 2.
(v) x(−2t + 1) = x[−2(t − 1 / 2)] . Time reverse, linearly compress by factor of 2 and shift right by ½.

v1.0 19 Jan 2017 (pykc) DE2.3 Electronics 2 Solution to Sheet 1 p 1


3.** Sketch each of the following signals. For each case, specify if the signal is causal/non-causal,
periodic/non-periodic, odd/even. If the signal is periodic specify its period.
(i) x[n] = cos(nπ )
⎧0.5 − n , n ≤ 0
(ii) x[n] = ⎪⎨
⎪⎩0, n>0

SOLUTION:

(i) Non-causal, because it takes non-zero values for −∞ < n < ∞ . Periodic with period 2. Even because
x[−n] = x[n] . We all know how it looks like.

(ii) Non-causal, because it takes non-zero values for −∞ < n ≤ 0 . Non-periodic. Neither odd nor even.

4.* Sketch the spectrum of the time domain signal.

(i) x(t) = sin(2π × 350t)  + 0.35 × sin(6283t) + 0.1


(ii) y(t) = 1.5 × cos(2199t) +sin(2π × 1000t ÷  π / 2)

SOLUTION:

v1.0 19 Jan 2017 (pykc) DE2.3 Electronics 2 Solution to Sheet 1 p 2


5.** (Optional Challenge)

It could be interesting to explore generating the signals in 4) in Matlab using the two functions
provided in Lab 1 (i.e. sine_gen and plot_spec) to find out in practice the spectrum of the x(t) and y(t).

No solution required.

v1.0 19 Jan 2017 (pykc) DE2.3 Electronics 2 Solution to Sheet 1 p 3

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