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    IV Therapy Bs

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    Emily Unson
    This document provides an overview of intravenous therapy, including its indications, advantages, disadvantages, and principles of safe administration. Intravenous therapy is used for fluid replacement, administering medications and blood products, total parenteral nutrition, and monitoring. It has advantages like immediate effects and controlling administration rates, but also risks like phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, infiltration, extravasation, and infection. Safe administration requires aseptic technique, understanding equipment, preventing complications, documenting properly, and ensuring patient comfort and safety. Nurses are responsible for delivering evidence-based intravenous care without harming patients.

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    IV Therapy Bs

    Uploaded by

    Emily Unson
    103 views21 pages
    This document provides an overview of intravenous therapy, including its indications, advantages, disadvantages, and principles of safe administration. Intravenous therapy is used for fluid replacement, administering medications and blood products, total parenteral nutrition, and monitoring. It has advantages like immediate effects and controlling administration rates, but also risks like phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, infiltration, extravasation, and infection. Safe administration requires aseptic technique, understanding equipment, preventing complications, documenting properly, and ensuring patient comfort and safety. Nurses are responsible for delivering evidence-based intravenous care without harming patients.

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    IV therapy

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    This document provides an overview of intravenous therapy, including its indications, advantages, disadvantages, and principles of safe administration. Intravenous therapy is used for fluid replacement, administering medications and blood products, total parenteral nutrition, and monitoring. It has advantages like immediate effects and controlling administration rates, but also risks like phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, infiltration, extravasation, and infection. Safe administration requires aseptic technique, understanding equipment, preventing complications, documenting properly, and ensuring patient comfort and safety. Nurses are responsible for delivering evidence-based intravenous care without harming patients.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    103 views21 pages

    IV Therapy Bs

    Uploaded by

    Emily Unson
    This document provides an overview of intravenous therapy, including its indications, advantages, disadvantages, and principles of safe administration. Intravenous therapy is used for fluid replacement, administering medications and blood products, total parenteral nutrition, and monitoring. It has advantages like immediate effects and controlling administration rates, but also risks like phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, infiltration, extravasation, and infection. Safe administration requires aseptic technique, understanding equipment, preventing complications, documenting properly, and ensuring patient comfort and safety. Nurses are responsible for delivering evidence-based intravenous care without harming patients.

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    Intravenous  Therapy 

    Principles of Care 

    Breege Smithers 
    Practice Educator
    Objectives 
    n  State indications for intravenous therapy 
    n  List the advantages and disadvantages of 
    intravenous therapy 
    n  Identify the principles of safe intravenous 
    therapy administration 
    n  List the complications of intravenous therapy 
    n  Identify different cannula and infusion sets
    PHYSIOLOGICAL LOCATION OF 
    IV THERAPY
    Care of Patient with IVI 

    “The aim of intravenous management is safe, 
    effective delivery of treatment without 
    discomfort or tissue damage and without 
    compromising venous access, especially if long 
    term therapy is proposed” 

    The Royal Marsden NHS Trust 
    Manual of Clinical Nursing Procedures 
    Fourth Addition
    Indications 

    n  Fluid and electrolyte replacement 
    n  Administration of medicines 
    n  Administration of blood/blood products 
    n  Administration of Total Parenteral Nutrition 
    n  Haemodynamic monitoring 
    n  Blood sampling
    Advantages of IVI 
    n  Immediate / Therapeutic effect 
    n  Control over the rate of administration / dilute 
    infusions / prolonged action 
    n  Patient cannot tolerate drugs / fluids orally 
    n  Some drugs cannot be absorbed by any other 
    route 
    n  Pain and irritation is avoided compared to some 
    substances when given SC/IM
    Disadvantages/Complications  of 
    IVI 
    n  Cannot recall drug/Reverse action of drug/may lead to 
    toxicity 
    n  Phlebitis: Mechanical/chemical irritation 
    n  Thrombophlebitis 
    n  Infiltration and Extravasation 
    n  Microbial contamination/Infection 
    n  Circulatory overload ­ Insufficient control of 
    administration may lead to speed shock / Decrease 
    blood pressure, tachycardia, cynanosis 
    n  Anaphylaxis/ Allergic reactions ­ Itching, rash, 
    shortness of breath
    Disadvantages/Complications  of 
    IVI contd 
    n  Drug incompatibilities 
    n  Needle phobia 

    n  Administration time 

    n  Body image 

    n  Technical problems 

    ­ Air in line 
    ­ Blood in the giving set 
    ­ Empty container
    INFECTION 
    n  ­ adhering to 
    aseptic technique is 
    vital in the 
    prevention of 
    intravenous related 
    infections. Asepsis 
    should be 
    maintained at 
    insertion, during 
    clinical use and at 
    removal of the 
    device
    EXTRA­VASATION INJURY 
    n  Extra­vasation injury 
    on adult patients wrist
    EXTRA­VASATION 
    n  Phenytoin 
    extravasation injury
    EXTRA­VASATION 
    n  Calcium gluconate 
    extravasation 
    detailed on an x­ray
    EXTRA­VASATION 
    n  ­ the inadvertent 
    administration of a 
    vesicant substance 
    into the tissues can 
    have disastrous 
    outcome
    Principles of administration 
    n  Pre­Plan 
    n  Explanation of procedure to the patient 
    n  Gain patients consent 
    n  Understand the associate risks 
    n  Use aseptic non touch technique ANTT 
    n  Know how to use the products/infusion sets 
    n  Examine infusions while they are running 
    n  Avoid unnecessary interference with the lines
    Patient Comfort/Safety 
    n  May be anxious/previous experience 
    n  Require explanations and reassurance 
    n  Explain that they should not alter the infusion 
    rate or fiddle 
    n  Pain or discomfort are not acceptable, these 
    indicate complications 
    n  Ideally through an infusion pump (training 
    required) this regulates the infusion rate
    Principles of Administration 
    Assessment of venous access 
    Prevention of Infection 
    §  Site Preparation 
    §  Contamination by Practitioner 
    ANTT 
    Trust Guidelines – Insertion, Management 
    and Removal of Intravenous Cannulae
    Safe Practice 

    n  Know when to seek extra help 
    n  Safe disposal of equipment 
    n  Clinical incident Reporting 
    n  Be familiar with Trust Drug Policy
    Documentation 
    n  NMC requirement 
    n  Should be a comprehensive record including 
    type of access device, location and condition 
    of entry site­ Visual Infusion Phlebitis Score 
    n  Prescription should be clear, detailing route 
    medication dose and frequency 
    n  Should be checked by two nurses 
    n  IVI prescription sheet
    Requirements of a Cannula 
    Dressing 
    n  Sterility 
    n  Ease of Application 
    n  Ease of replacement 
    n  Ease of inspection 
    n  Ease of removal
    Conclusion 

    n  Integral part of nurses professional practice 
    n  Responsibility to deliver evidence – based 
    care 
    n  Patient centred ensuring patient safety and 
    well being
    Further Reading 
    Standards for infusion therapy 
    RCN (October 2003) 

    Workman B. Peripheral intravenous therapy 
    Management. Nursing Standard (1999) Vol. 14(4) p.53 

    Lundgren A., EK A., Wahren L., Handling and control of 
    Peripheral intravenous lines . Journal of Advanced 
    Nursing  (1998) Vol. 27 p. 807 ­ 904

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