Fedora Help

General Notes
1. This guide is not related to Fedora or Red Hat in anyway whatsoever.

2. This guide can be updated by emailing admin <at> fedoraguide.info
3. Contributions are important for maintaining the future content on this wiki.
4. The bluish boxes represent what you type in the screen.
5. The information will be input using the recommended method of Fedora using 'su -c' where
applicable.
6. An example for updating your system would be:
su -c 'yum update'
1. I have Fedora 11 using i386/i686 so while this is configured for i386/i686 if something does
not perform on your 64 bit version please provide me with information so that I can rectify it.
I do not own a 64 bit machine so I can not test the results.
2. When saving files right click and save-as to your desktop.
3. The assumption is you know how to boot your system and you know how to type into your
terminal if required.
4. I will be adding repositories to make it as simple as possible for installation. I will not have
the additional repositories added by default except for RPM Fusion.
Switching to Root
 Read the #General Notes

 There will be times that you will need to be the root user (Administrator) to be root you will
need to issue the following command
su –login or su -
Fedora Updates
How To use Yum
Yum is a very powerfull package manager. yum will resolve dependencies for you and makes installing
applications a breeze. yum also searches, removes, and lists packages for you.
Usage: yum [options] < grouplist, localinstall, groupinfo,

localupdate, resolvedep, erase, deplist,
groupremove, makecache, upgrade, provides, shell, install,
whatprovides, groupinstall, update,
repolist, groupupdate, info, search, check-update, list, remove,
clean, grouperase >
Options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-t, --tolerant be tolerant of errors
-C run entirely from cache, don't update cache
-c [config file] config file location
-R [minutes] maximum command wait time
-d [debug level] debugging output level
-e [error level] error output level
-y answer yes for all questions
--version show Yum version and exit
--installroot=[path] set install root
--enablerepo=[repo] enable one or more repositories (wildcards
allowed)
--disablerepo=[repo] disable one or more repositories (wildcards
allowed)
-x [package], --exclude=[package]
exclude package(s) by name or glob
--obsoletes enable obsoletes processing during updates
--noplugins disable Yum plugins
--nogpgcheck disable gpg signature checking
--disableplugin=[plugin] disable plugins by name
From a first look this can look rather intimidating, but this is rather easy.
Examples:
 To search for an application
Yum will search all your enabled repos and tell you where you can obtain the package from
yum search application_name
 Yum can list all available packages from your enabled repos and tell you where you can
obtain the package from:
yum list available
 To find out more info about some package
yum info application_name
 Installing applications
Installing is as easy as
yum install application_name
 Listing rpms
yum can list installed rpms for you from the repos you have enabled
yum list extras
 Removing rpms
Yum can remove an application and the dependencies it installed with that application. It will not
remove dependencies if another application installed needs them.
yum remove application_name
 Updating the system
Yum can update the system for you without user interaction if you want it to.
yum update
 Not sure if you have updates?
yum check-update
 Local install
downloaded a rpm and cannot install it with rpm because of dependencies?
yum localinstall /path/to/the/rpm

Happy yumming...
Recommended Plugins
yum-presto
 This plugin speeds up the processing of packages and downloading of packages by

downloading the difference between the new package and the old package. It is recommended
to be installed in order to reduce the quantity you download for updates. You can get it with
this command:
su -c 'yum install yum-presto'

Helpful Fedora Websites
These are some useful websites.
Fedora Forum
Fedora Project
Fedora Solved
The Unofficial Fedora FAQ
Dangermouse's Website
 There is a very helpful thread relating to a script which will install some of the more popular
packages.
Dangermouse's script thread
Folding at Home Howto (Use those spare CPU Cycles)
How to Install Fedora
 To install Fedora refer to the Installation documents and the common problems.
Installation Documents
How to Upgrade Fedora
 To upgrade Fedora refer to the information listed at the following website.
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/YumUpgradeFaq#head-56b13936246769f517ac488a0098d193c7fc3600
 Make sure you clear your yum cache then update everything and reboot
su -c 'yum clear all'

su -c 'yum update'
 You will need to disable all other repositories during the upgrade and you will need to delete
some files in order to complete the transition.
su -c 'yum upgrade'
Problems with Installing
With every version there are some problems.
Fedora 11 Common Issues
How to Contribute to Fedora
There are lots of ways you can help make this great operating system even better. It also can't progress
faster without your help. If you want to get involved or are interested in getting involved.
Join the Fedora team
Users Administration
How to set/change/enable root user password
 Read #General Notes
 Read #Switching to Root

su --login
 You can then change the root password
passwd root
How to disable root user account

passwd -l root
Beware! If you do not have some other manner of executing commands as root (such as sudo) set up,
this will effectively lock you out of your own system! The only way to unlock the root account should
this happen is to boot from media (such as the install disk in rescue mode) and execute:
passwd -u root
Installing System-Config-User

 Install system-config-users
su -c 'yum -y install system-config-users'
How to add/edit/delete system users

 Read #Installing System-Config-User
 Desktop -> System Settings -> Users and Groups
 Users and Groups
Users Tab -> Add User.../Properties/Delete
How to add/edit/delete system groups

 Read #Installing System-Config-User
 Desktop -> System Settings -> Users and Groups
 Users and Groups
Groups Tab -> Add Group.../Properties/Delete
How to automatically login into GNOME (not secure)

 Desktop -> System Settings -> Login Screen
 Login Screen Setup
General Tab -> Automatic Login ->

Login a user automatically on first bootup (Checked)
Automatic login username: Select "system_username"
How to change files/folders permissions
Right click on files/folders -> Properties

Permissions Tab -> Read/Write/Execute (Check the permissions for
Owner/Group/Others)
How to change files/folders ownership

chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders
How to change files/folders group ownership

chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders
List out your last update with rpm
rpm -qa --last | tac
Repositories
These additional software repositories will not be enabled by default. This is because there is a risk to
your installation with differing version details which may leave your computer unable to
function.
Note: Mixing repositories can be dangerous. After installation of the RPM Fusion repository
protect it using the command listed here.
RPM Fusion
To install the Fusion repository which can be left on by default.
su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-

free-release-stable.noarch.rpm
http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-
release-stable.noarch.rpm'
Protect your Repositories
Protect your repository so you do not break your Fedora installation.
su -c 'yum -y install yum-protectbase'

su -c 'perl -i -pe "s/(\[.*\])/\1\nprotect=yes/"
/etc/yum.repos.d/{fedora*,rpmfusion*}'
Adobe
Create the file in the repository folder.
su -c 'rpm -ivh http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/adobe-release/adobe-

release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm'
 When that has been installed edit the repo file to look like the following.
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/adobe-linux-i386.repo'
[adobe-linux-i386]
name=Adobe Systems Incorporated
baseurl=http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/i386/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
Atrpms
Atrpms has some packages that are quite helpful.

Execute the following to add the repository to your repository folder.
su -
cat <<EOF> /etc/yum.repos.d/atrpms.repo
[atrpms]
name=Fedora Core \$releasever - \$basearch - ATrpms
baseurl=http://dl.atrpms.net/f\$releasever-\$basearch/atrpms/stable
gpgkey=http://ATrpms.net/RPM-GPG-KEY.atrpms
gpgcheck=1
enabled = 0
EOF
Google
You will need to be root to create the file.
su --login
Then create the repo
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/google.repo

[google]
name=Google - i386
baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/rpm/stable/i386
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
EOF
Is there a graphical (GUI) version for Yum
There are several types of software to help in the graphical area for yum.
Yumex
su -c 'yum -y install yumex'
Package Manager (Default)
This can be located in the following menu
System -> Administration -> Add/Remove Software
Permissions in Fedora
Adding your username to Sudo
Log in as root.
su --login
Add your user to the sudoers file.
echo 'your_plain_loginname_here ALL=(ALL) ALL’ >> /etc/sudoers
Hardware
Video Drivers
 NVidia users, install the RPM Fusion repositories and yum for kmod-nvidia and reboot.
 For ATI users, if your card is older than Radeon 9600, it should work out-of-the-box, if not,
you will need to wait until ATI releases a new driver for kernel 2.6.23 and yum for kmod-
fglrx from RPM Fusion after it has been released.
 Intel user cheer to yourself as it works out-of-the-box.
Nvidia (For GeForce 6, 7, 8, 9 & 200 series cards)

 You need to have the RPM Fusion enabled.
 64 bit
su -c 'yum -y install akmod-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.i586

xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.x86_64'
 32 bit
su -c 'yum -y install akmod-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs'
 Or
Obtain Linux drivers from Nvidia.
http://www.nvidia.com/object/unix.html
The x86_64bit version works well on my AMD Athlon X2 notebook.
Nvidia (96xx) For GeForce 4 and below

 This is for people with cards that are older.
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-nvidia-96xx'
Nvidia (Geforce FX cards)

 This is for people with cards that are older.
 64 bit
su -c 'yum install akmod-nvidia-173xx xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-173xx-

libs.i586 xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-173xx-libs.x86_64'
 32 bit
su -c 'yum install akmod-nvidia-173xx xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-173xx-libs'
ATI
You need to have the RPM Fusion enabled.
Note: There are some bugs in the current version.
Refer to getting it enabled with a few modifications here
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-fglrx xorg-x11-drv-fglrx-libs-32bit'
Wireless Drivers
Intel IPW3945
 This is a guide to installing and setting up the Intel 3945 A/B/G wireless network adapter
using FreshRPMS. It seems people are still having issues with this method. I will add the
other method to aid in sorting out the issues.
 Note: The Fedora 11 drivers are very good and you should try them ahead of installing these.
Install these as a last resort.
Method 1
You will need to install the FreshRPMS repository.
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install dkms-ipw3945'
 You must Configure your wireless using sytem-config-network a lot of people are
forgetting this step. Do it through system-config-network. Delete wlan0 and install eth1
System -> Administration -> Network
Method 2
Credit for this method comes from the great fellas at fedorasolved.org
Basic description of what will be done and what is expected. Learn to become root here.
 Blacklisting the offending modules:
nano /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist
 add these exact lines at the bottom then save and exit:
#iwl3945
blacklist iwl3945
blacklist mac80211
 Reboot the system:
reboot
 Create a temp directory on your desktop called 'ipw3945' and download the following files
into it:
mkdir /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945 (replace $user with your username)
http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/ipw3945/ipw3945-1.2.1.tgz?download
http://bughost.org/ipw3945/ucode/ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2.tgz
http://bughost.org/ipw3945/daemon/ipw3945d-1.7.22.tgz
http://fedoraos.org/ipw3945/ipw3945
 Install kernel development packages and gcc compiler:
yum install kernel-devel gcc
 Unpack the gzipped tarballs into the directory on your desktop called 'ipw3945' that we
created earlier:
tar xvfz ipw3945-1.2.1.tgz

tar xvfz ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2.tgz
tar xvfz ipw3945d-1.7.22.tgz
 Copy ucode firmware and regulatory daemon to their respective locations:
cp ipw3945-ucode-1.14.2/ipw3945.ucode /lib/firmware && cp ipw3945d-

1.7.22/x86/ipw3945d /sbin
 (or choose the version for x86_64 if necessary)
 Compile and copy the resuling kernel module to the correct location (for more options here
see 'more information' below):
cd ipw3945-1.2.1 && make
su --login
cp /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945/ipw3945-1.2.1/ipw3945.ko
lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/
chmod 744 /lib/modules/`uname

-r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ipw3945.ko
depmod -ae
 Install startup init script:
cp /home/$user/Desktop/ipw3945/ipw3945 /etc/init.d
chmod +x /etc/init.d/ipw3945
chkconfig --add ipw3945 && chkconfig ipw3945 on
 Reboot the system:
reboot
Troubleshooting How to test Explanation troubleshooting basics and expectations.
 Configure the device:
system-config-network
 new --> wireless connection --> Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network
Connection --> forward
 Restart the network:
Once you have disabled all other network cards, configured your ip address, gateway, DNS, subnet
mask, SSID, wifi channel, and encryption key:
service network restart
Common problems and fixes
Many laptops with built in wireless have a WLAN switch that is a toggle switch for enabling/disabling
the wireless radio.
Please make sure you check this is on, or your ipw3945 wireless adapter will not detect correctly or
work at all.
Also, disable all other network cards before attempting to use the ipw3945. More Information
Special Notes:
If you'd like Monitor Mode, Promiscuous Mode or RadioTap enabled for this device you will need to
edit the Makefile in
Step 7 before compiling the kernel module uncomment the corresponding line(s): Code:
CONFIG_IPW3945_MONITOR=y CONFIG_IEEE80211_RADIOTAP=y
CONFIG_IPW3945_PROMISCUOUS=y
Added Reading
 http://fedoraos.org
For new kernels you will have to do step 7 again.
Madwifi
You will need to install the RPM Fusion.
su -c 'yum -y install madwifi kmod-madwifi'
 You will need to add the following lines to your modprobe.conf file
su -c 'gedit /etc/modprobe.conf'
## Start Atheros Stuff
alias wifi0 ath_pci
alias ath0 ath_pci
options ath_pci autocreate=sta
## End Atheros Stuff
 Configure your wireless
IPW2x00
 You need to determine what wireless card you have
su -c '/sbin/lspci | grep Wireless'
 Your output should look like the following.
02:01.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 2200BG

(rev 05)
02:01.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless LAN 2100
3B Mini PCI Adapter (rev 04)
 You will need to install the relevant firmware
su -c 'yum -y install ipw2xxx-firmware'
 Reboot your machine then configure your network.
Broadcom b43 (Official driver!!!)
 Enable the RPM Fusion repo
http://fedoraguide.info/index.php?title=Fedora10#RPM_Fusion
 Install the driver
su -c 'yum update'
su -c 'yum install broadcom-wl'
Go to System > Administration > Network and select the wireless device and check "Controlled by
Network Manager" and "Activate device when computer starts".
Broadcom b43 (Method 1)

su -c 'yum -y install b43-fwcutter'
 Download the appropriate package based on this file
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/doc/b43-fwcutter-008/README'
 Fedora instructions can be located under the README.Fedora
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/doc/b43-fwcutter-008/README.Fedora'
 A copy of the README is listed below
Where can I find some driver source files?

------------------------------------------
Please check the references at

http://www.linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/bcm43xx#devicefirmware
It is recommended that you extract firmware for both b43 and

b43legacy in
order to support both types of cards on your system.
 Run the fwcutter program
su -c 'b43-fwcutter -w /lib/firmware ~/Downloads/bcmwl5.sys'
 Add it to the modules to test.
su -c '/sbin/modprobe b43'
 Configure your network
Broadcom b43 (Method 2)
 Configure NetworkManager to automatically start and start the service.
su -c '/sbin/chkconfig NetworkManager on'

su -c '/sbin/service NetworkManager start'
 Download and extract the firmware
wget http://downloads.openwrt.org/sources/broadcom-wl-
4.80.53.0.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf broadcom-wl-4.80.53.0.tar.bz2
 Cut the firmware
cd broadcom-wl-4.80.53.0/kmod
/usr/bin/b43-fwcutter -w /lib/firmware wl_apsta.o
 Add the following line so that it can be configured by system-config-network
su -c 'echo "alias wlan0 b43" >> /etc/modprobe.conf'
 Restart NetworkManager
su -c '/sbin/service NetworkManager restart'

Ndiswrapper drivers howto
Some drivers which are not released for linux will require Ndiswrapper to function. Bcm43xx driver
may have been limited to 11Mbs using Ndiswrapper increases the speed.
You will need to install the RPM Fusion.
 Install Ndiswrapper
su -c 'yum -y install kmod-ndiswrapper'
 Make a directory to hold your driver.
su -c 'mkdir /ndiswrapper_drivers'
 Log in as root
su --login
 Now you will either need to get the drivers from your windows driver disk or download the
drivers needed for your network card from the Ndiswrapper Wiki
cp netbc564.inf /ndiswrapper_drivers/
cp bcmwl564.sys /ndiswrapper_drivers/
 Install the drivers
ndiswrapper -i netbc564.inf
 The output should show the following
Installing netbc564
Forcing parameter IBSSGMode|0 to IBSSGMode|2
 Verify that the drivers are loaded
ndiswrapper -l
 The output should show
Installed drivers:
netbc564 driver present, hardware present
 Load the kernel module
modprobe ndiswrapper
 If everything loads and works add ndiswrapper to your modprobe.conf file. Then exit from
root.
ndiswrapper -ma
echo "alias wlan0 ndiswrapper" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
exit
 Configure your network
or
su -c 'system-config-network'
 The BCM4318 driver can be downloaded from the following links. Thanks go to Fedora
Solved for hosting them.
 BCM4318 32 bit driver
BCM4318 using Ndiswrapper
There have been issues with bcm43xx actually working with the bcm4318 broadcom device. A solution
is to use ndiswrapper, however, the bc43xx bits need to be removed to avoid conflicts
Download the BCM4318 drivers from the following links if you do not have the original driver disc.
If you have the original drivers from disc or your windows partition use those drivers that are
guaranteed to function. Thanks go to Fedora Solved for hosting them.
 Log in as root
su --login
 Unload the kernel module and open up the module blacklist file
/sbin/rmmod bcm43xx
su -c 'gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist'
 Blacklist the driver by adding the following line at the bottom of the file just opened.
blacklist bcm43xx_mac80211
 Remove the device from system-config-network then create a new device
Or
su -c 'system-config-network'
Activate side-mouse-buttons in FireFox
Just add two lines to xorg.conf will activate side-mouse-buttons in FireFox. This should work with
most 5-button mouse. Here is a list of mice that worked with this instruction.
 Logitech MX510
 Logitech MX518
 Logitech MX700
 Intellimouse Explorer (first edition)
If you do not already have an /etc/X11/xorg.conf file (on Fedora 11, this is not created by default), you
need to create one:
su -c 'yum install -y system-config-display'

su -c 'system-config-display --reconfig'
Backup Xorg configuration file
su -c 'cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak'

Modify the Xorg configuration file
su - -c 'gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf'
Find the Input Device section for your mouse and add two lines as shown below. You may also
increase the number of buttons if your mouse has more than 7, just fix the rest of the section based
upon the number of buttons (remember back/forward, wheel click & tilt left/right all count as buttons)
If you already have a section for your mouse, change:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "true"
EndSection
to:
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Configured Mouse"
Driver "mouse"
Option "CorePointer"
...
Option "Protocol" "ExplorerPS/2"
...
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "false"
Option "Buttons" "7"
Option "ButtonMapping" "1 2 3 6 7"
EndSection
If you do not have a section for the mouse (it is not created by default), add the above section (less the
"..." parts) to the end of the file, and change the ServerLayout section to reference it:
Section "ServerLayout"
... already existing entries ...
InputDevice "Configured Mouse" "Pointer"
EndSection
At this point you can reboot your computer or restart the X server (Ctrl-Alt-BackSpace) to see if your
forward/back buttons work in FireFox. They still won't work in Nautilus yet until you install the
imwheel dameon.
How to list partition tables
su -c '/sbin/fdisk -l'
How to list filesystem disk space usage
su -c 'df -T -h'
How to list mounted devices
mount
How to list PCI devices

/sbin/lspci
How to list USB devices

 This command needs to be run as root.
lsusb
How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM
e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM

su -c '/sbin/hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom'
su -c 'gedit /etc/hdparm.conf'
 Insert the following lines in the new file
/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}
 Save the edited file
How to mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually, and show all hidden and associated
files/folders
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM
 To mount CD/DVD-ROM
su -c 'mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide'
 To unmount CD/DVD-ROM
su -c 'umount /media/cdrom0/'
How to forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually
e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM

su -c 'umount /media/cdrom0/ -l'
How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
su -c 'mount -a'
Applications
Compiz-fusion (3D effects)
 Read #General Note

 Read #Repositories
 You will need your 3d #Video Drivers
 Install compiz-fusion
su -c 'yum -y install compiz-fusion-extras libcompizconfig ccsm

compiz-manager libcompizconfig'
 For gnome these additional software are helpful
su -c 'yum -y install compiz-fusion-extras-gnome fusion-icon-gtk'
 To start it up run the following
compiz-manager
 To start it up on boot do the following go to the following menu's
System > Preferences > Personal > Sessions > Startup Programs
Multimedia Applications
Installing a Media Player (Mplayer/Kplayer)
A movie player that can play propietary codecs.
 For gnome
su -c 'yum -y install mplayer-gui'
 For KDE
su -c 'yum -y install kplayer'
Installing a Media Player (Xine)
Another Movie Player
su -c 'yum -y install xine'
Enabling Extra Codecs
su -c 'yum -y install xine-lib-extras-nonfree'
Installing a Media Player (VLC)
su -c 'yum -y install vlc'
DVD Playback

This will enable dvd playback in Fedora.
su -c 'yum -y install libdvdread'
Windows Codecs (ALL video players)

 Install wget first (sometimes not installed by default)
su -c 'yum -y install wget'
 This will enable the codecs required to play most media released.
cd /tmp
wget http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/all-
20071007.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf all-20071007.tar.bz2
su -c 'mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/codecs'
su -c 'cp all-20071007/* /usr/local/lib/codecs'
rm -rf /tmp/all-20071007*
This may help as well but it is not required.
su -c 'ln -sf /usr/local/lib/codecs /usr/lib/codecs && ln -sf \

/usr/local/lib/codecs /usr/local/lib/win32 && ln -sf
/usr/local/lib/codecs '
MP3 Playback
This will enable MP3 playback.
Gnome
This will enable MP3 playback using gstreamer in gnome.
su -c 'yum -y install gstreamer-plugins-ugly libmad libid3tag id3v2'
KDE
This will enable MP3 playback in KDE using KDE Multimedia
su -c 'yum -y install kdemultimedia-extras-nonfree id3v2'
OR
su -c 'yum install xine-lib-extras-nonfree id3v2'
Codeina
 This is a new feature in Fedora 9. It should be installed by default. If not run the following
commands. When you try to run an mp3 file it will offer you the opportunity to download a
codec.
su -c 'yum install codeina'
Picasa
Picasa is software that helps you instantly find, edit and share all the pictures on your computer. Every
time you open Picasa, it automatically locates all your pictures (even ones you forgot you had) and
sorts them into visual albums organized by date with folder names you will recognize. You can drag
and drop to arrange your albums and make labels to create new groups. Picasa makes sure your
pictures are always organized.
You will need to have the Google Repo installed.
su -c 'yum install picasa'
Google Desktop
Google Desktop is a desktop search application that gives you easy access to information on your
computer and from the web. Desktop makes searching your own email, files, music, photos, and more
as easy as searching the web with Google.
You will need to have the Google Repo installed.
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=google install google-desktop-linux'
How to install ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG)

yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install easytag
 Applications -> Sound & Video -> EasyTAG
How to install Video Editor (Kino)

su -c 'yum -y install kino'
 Applications -> Sound & Video -> Kino
How to install K9copy

su -c 'yum install k9copy'
How to install DVD Ripper (dvd::rip)

su -c 'yum --enablerepo=atrpms install dvdrip'
Firefox Tweaks
Speed Up Firefox Web Browser Tips
 Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
 Mozilla Firefox
Address Bar -> about:config

Filter: ->
network.dns.disableIPv6 -> true
network.http.pipelining -> true
network.http.pipelining.maxrequests -> 8
network.http.proxy.pipelining -> true
 Restart Mozilla Firefox
How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox
 Mozilla Firefox
Filter: accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound -> false
Setting the backspace button to go to a previous page
 Mozilla Firefox

Filter: -> browser.backspace_action -> 0
Close the Download dialog quicker
 Go to Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
 Put in your address bar
Filter the configs options
Filter: -> alerts.totalOpenTime -> 500
Reduce the quantity of popups
 Load Mozilla Firefox
 Filter the config options and change it to a reasonable number
Filter: -> dom.popup_maximum -> 5
Speed improvements using tmpfs
 Load Mozilla Firefox
 Right click anywhere in the browser window and select
New -> String
 Type in:
browser.cache.disk.parent_directory
 press OK, and type in the new window:
/tmp
 press OK
 See also [1]
Fedora tweaks
Improving your bandwidth
This guide was taken from the ubuntu guide
 Open the sysctl.conf file for editing and backup your previous sysctl.conf file
su -c 'cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/sysctl.conf'
 Add the following lines
## increase TCP max buffer size setable using setsockopt()

net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
## increase Linux autotuning TCP buffer limits
## min, default, and max number of bytes to use
## set max to at least 4MB, or higher if you use very high BDP paths
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 16777216
## don't cache ssthresh from previous connection
net.ipv4.tcp_no_metrics_save = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_moderate_rcvbuf = 1
## recommended to increase this for 1000 BT or higher
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 2500
## for 10 GigE, use this, uncomment below
## net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000
## Turn off timestamps if you're on a gigabit or very busy network
## Having it off is one less thing the IP stack needs to work on
## net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
## disable tcp selective acknowledgements.
net.ipv4.tcp_sack = 0
##enable window scaling
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
 Save it and close it. Run the following command
su -c '/sbin/sysctl -p'
Swappiness
 You can change how agressively Fedora uses swap space by changing its "swappiness". To do
this, specify the sysctl vm.swappiness parameter with a number between 0-100. A value of 0
means "only swap when out of memory", while 100 means "proactively swap out as many
unused pages as possible to free up memory". The default value is 60.
 To set the value for the running machine, enter:
sysctl -w vm.swappiness=NN
where NN is the desired value.
 To make the change take effect on every reboot, open the sysctl.conf file for editing and
backup your previous sysctl.conf file
su -c 'cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.backup'

su - -c 'gedit /etc/sysctl.conf'
 Add the following line
vm.swappiness = NN
where NN is the desired value.
Noatime
 Noatime affects how often the system updates your time in your computer. This is a
significant loss in speed according to the kernel Devs. To speed it up do the following
modifications.
 Edit your fstab file and back it up
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/fstab'
 Where the mount option says defaults you should add some more text.
 Before:
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200001 /
ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200022 /home
ext3 defaults 1 2
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200333 /boot
ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults
0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts
gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults
0 0
proc /proc proc defaults
0 0
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74204444 swap
swap defaults 0 0
 After:
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200001 /
ext4 noatime 1 1
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200022 /home
ext3 noatime 1 2
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74200333 /boot
ext3 noatime 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults
0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts
gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults
0 0
proc /proc proc defaults
0 0
UUID=5f7e8362-66d0-4806-b2cf-61eb74204444 swap
swap defaults 0 0
 Notice the only modification is to the lines that mount my default partitions. After the editing
has been completed you will need to restart your computer for it to take effect.
 If you don't wish to reboot the computer, you may also remount the partitions of the live
system:
su -c 'mount / -o remount'
su -c 'mount /home -o remount'
Preload
 Preload is an adaptive readahead daemon, that will monitor which programs you use most.
Parts of these programs will be cached to speed up their load time. You can get it by running
the following command:
su -c 'yum -y install preload'
 After having installed it, remember to check if it's running and if it's enabled to start at boot
time. You may do this by going to System -> Administration -> Services and scrolling down
to the "preload" entry: if it isn't checked, check it (click on the "Enable" button).
Speed improvements using tmpfs
 Use tmpfs for frequently use temp folders.
 Add the following to /etc/fstab
#### RAM Drives ####

tmp /tmp tmpfs
rw,mode=1777,fscontext=system_u:object_r:tmp_t:s0 0 0
vartmp /var/tmp tmpfs
rw,mode=1777,fscontext=system_u:object_r:tmp_t:s0 0 0
 The "mode=1777" option sets the "sticky bit" on the mount, which allows all users write
access, but
prevents deletion of files belonging to other users.
 The "fscontext=system_u:object_r:tmp_t:s0" option is needed for SELinux, which is enabled

by default
in Fedora 11. Without it, many services will be prevented from writing to the directories.
 As this change is important for SSD (Solid State Drive) systems, it also make significant
impact on applications such as Win4LinPro
Gnome Tweaks
Gnome Menu (delay)
 This is a simple alteration that will speed up your gnome menu load up.
echo "gtk-menu-popup-delay = 0" >> ~/.gtkrc-2.0
KDE Tweaks/Tips
Konqueror tabs (close buttons)
 Open the following file in Kedit
kedit ~/.kde/share/config/konquerorrc
 Now you will either need to add the following to the [FMSettings] or add [FMSettings] to
the file. I will assume that you don't have the [FMSettings].
[FMSettings]
AddTabButton=false
CloseTabButton=false
HoverCloseButton=true
Viewing info pages in Konqueror/Run
 To view an info/man page in Konqueror all you have to do is:

info:progname
 Where progname is the program name such as:
info:bash
 You put this in the address bar of Konqueror. To do this using man all you have to do is
change the line to the following:
man:progname
 Where progname is the program name such as:
man:yum
 You can do this using Konqurero or Run (pushing Alt+F2)
Searching with Google in Konqueror/Run
 To search using Konqueror/Run using google you can simple type:
gg:yoursearch
 Such as
gg:fedoraguide
 You can do this using Konqueror or Run (pushing Alt+F2)
 To alter the standard search engine used Konqueror go to. (Thanks to Kim)
settings->configure konqueror->Web Shortcuts
Bash Tweaks/Tips
Auto-correct typos
 Bash has a build in command called shopt which helps to find errors this may be helpful.
 To enable it start the following
shopt -s cdspell
 Test it
cd /hme/marc
/home/marc
Ignore Case for filenames
 Using the same program as above you can change bash to search ignoring case for programs
shopt -s nocaseglob
 What you do then is when you push tab to find a filename bash will do a case insensitive
search
Make a file completely secure
 To make a file completely safe even as the root user run the following command.
su -c 'chattr +i myfile'
 This will make the file extra secure. To remove it run the following command
su -c 'chattr -i myfile'
Running old commands
 To run old commands that you aren't sure about try:
history | grep -i "searchvalue"
Renaming a lot of files
 Sometimes people forget to add file types to the end of files you can do this running the
following command.
rename file newfile file

rename ipw3945howto ipw3945howto.txt ipw3945howto
Deleting securely
 In Fedora there is program that will completely delete your files. The man page explains it like
this Overwrite the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder for even very
expensive hardware probing to recover the data.
shred -z -u yourfile
Watching logs
 There are several ways to follow what is going on in your logs. One way is to use the program
watch
su -c 'watch /var/log/messages'
 Another way is to use the tail command
su -c 'tail -f /var/log/messages'
 The -f command means to follow the log. This will show any updates to the your messages
log file
Firefox Plugins
This section will install some basic browser plugins for firefox which is the default browser in Fedora
7.
Flash
First install #Adobe repository.
 Install the Flash Plugin
su -c 'yum install flash-plugin'
 If you don't hear audio during playback of flash video just install packet called libflashsupport
su -c 'yum install libflashsupport'
Installation without #Adobe repository: Install Flash Player 10:
su -c 'rpm -ivh
http://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/current/flash-
plugin-10.0.12.36-release.i386.rpm'
 64bit Flash
Make sure to uninstall flash-plugin, libflashsupport and nspluginwrapper before you do these steps
wget
http://download.macromedia.com/pub/labs/flashplayer10/libflashplayer-
10.0.d20.7.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz
tar xvzf libflashplayer-10.0.d20.7.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz -C
~/.mozilla/plugins
restart Firefox
Java (Openjdk)
 The new Fedora Open JDK that is part of Fedora can be used for as far as I can tell every java
application I have come across. There seems to be no reason to follow either method listed
below.
 To install the Java runtime environment
su -c 'yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk-plugin'
 To install the Java development kit
su -c 'yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel'
Sun Java (Method 1)
There are several methods to install the Sun Java Runtime Environment. It has not been completely
open sourced so it is not included in Fedora at this stage. This will change in the future when Sun has
completely open sourced this package.
Some packages need to be installed initially to complement the installation.
su -c 'yum install compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-296'
You will then need to update the library links.
su -c '/sbin/ldconfig'
You will need to download the Java Package.
You need to download the *.bin file. Currently the file is Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 6 update 4.
(jre-6u4-linux-i586.bin)
You will need to be root
su --login
Switch to the correct directory
cd /opt
You will need to run the binary file.
sh /home/marc/Desktop/jre-6u3-linux-i586.bin
Link the plugins into the browser directory
ln -s /opt/jre1.6.0_04/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so
/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin_oji.so
Create a java.sh script.

/etc/profile.d/java.sh
======================
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jre1.6.0_04
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
In the terminal:
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh
Type the following
/usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java

/opt/jre1.6.0_04/bin/java 2
Configure the java version
/usr/sbin/alternatives --config java
Enable the Sun JRE as the default package
There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.

Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.4.2-gcj/bin/java
2 /opt/jre1.6.0_04/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection
number:
Type the following:
Test to see if it is enabled you should see it installed.
/usr/sbin/alternatives --display java
 Restart firefox to make sure firefox is making use of the java go to the following website.
 It seems that this bug is fixed with a new version of libxcb. You can find more info at this
Bugzilla reference
Sun Java (Method 2 - jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin version)

 You will need have the #Jpackage
 You will need to download the Java package from Sun. When you download you will need to
download the *bin file NOT the *rpm file. Current version is jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin
 You will need to install some pre-requisite packages.
su -c 'yum install rpm-build yum-utils'
 Switch to root
su --login
 Move the files to the appropriate directory and create the directories.
rpmdev-setuptree
mv /home/desktop/YourUsername/jdk* /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/
 Switch to the directory
cd /usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/
 Get the Source RPM
wget http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/jpackage/1.7/generic/non-
free/SRPMS/java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
 Rebuild the RPM
setarch i586 rpmbuild --rebuild java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
 Delete some files that can't be installed on Fedora
rm -f /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-fonts*
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-jdbc*
 Install the rpm's
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-

sun-*
 Create the link so that it works in Firefox
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jre/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so
/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/
 Check to see if it is functioning at java if it shows the wrong version do the following steps.
 Enable the Sun JRE as the default package

Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
number:
Type the following:
/usr/sbin/alternatives --display java
 It seems that this bug is fixed with a new version of libxcb. You can find more info at this
Bugzilla reference
Sun Java (Method 2 - jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin version)

 You will need have the #Jpackage

 You will need to download the Java package from Sun. When you download you will need to
download the *bin file NOT the *rpm file. Current version is jdk-6u4-linux-i586.bin
 You will need to install some pre-requisite packages.
su -c 'yum install rpm-build yum-utils'
 Switch to root
su --login
 Move the files to the appropriate directory and create the directories.
rpmdev-setuptree
mv /home/desktop/YourUsername/jdk* /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/
 Switch to the directory
cd /usr/src/redhat/SRPMS/
 Get the Source RPM
wget http://mirrors.dotsrc.org/jpackage/1.7/generic/non-
free/SRPMS/java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
 Rebuild the RPM
setarch i586 rpmbuild --rebuild java-1.6.0-sun-1.6.0.4-1jpp.nosrc.rpm
 Delete some files that can't be installed on Fedora
rm -f /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-fonts*
/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-sun-jdbc*
 Install the rpm's
yum --nogpgcheck localinstall /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i586/java-1.6.0-

sun-*
 Create the link so that it works in Firefox
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jre/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so
/usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/
 Check to see if it is functioning at java if it shows the wrong version do the following steps.
 Enable the Sun JRE as the default package

Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
number:
Type the following:

Sun Java (x86_64)
 You want to run signed applications in your 64bit firefox browser.
Got to Sun Java Download Page and download and save the x64bit RPM version.
Unpack and extract the RPM from the Sun Java x86_64 'bin' file downloaded:
cd ./Download
sh ./jre-6u17-linux-x64-rpm.bin
Answer 'yes' and accept the Sun License
Install the RPM and link the plugins to firefox's directory
su -c 'rpm -i jre-6u16-linux-amd64.rpm'
su -c 'update-alternatives --install
/usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so libjavaplugin.so
/usr/java/latest/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 99'
su -c 'update-alternatives --config libjavaplugin.so'
Mplayer (Watching Movies)
If you want to watch movies like avi's in your browser.
su -c 'yum install mplayerplug-in'
Xine (Watching Movies)
If you want to watch movies like avi's in your browser.
su -c 'yum install totem-xine-mozplugin'
How to play the mms protocol
How to handle mms protocol in Mozilla Firefox
 Open your firefox.

 Type as url: about:config
 Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose will
appear. Choose "new", then "string".
 Then copy the following line into the appearing text field:
network.protocol-handler.app.mms
 Into the next text field copy this:
/usr/bin/mplayer
 Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but "boolean", and
the line to copy is:
network.protocol-handler.external.mms
 Then set
true
How to play Quicktime files
su -c 'yum install libquicktime'
Link Adobe Acrobat to the mozilla plugins
Linking to the mozilla plugins folder will allow you to view the pdf in the browser instead of viewing
with Acrobat Reader
cd /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
su -c 'ln -s /usr/local/Adobe/Acrobat7.0/Browser/intellinux/nppdf.so'
CD/DVD Creation/Burning
How to blank a CD/DVD
You can do this with the software listed below
This is what you can do quickly in the console.
 Put the CD/DVD in
su -c 'umount /dev/cdrom'
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast
 Just a clarification, I cdrecord is not installed on FC9 at all, rather there is a program called
"wodim" which is linked to cdrecord. Wodim is a modified version of an old version of
cdrecord, not the current program from the original author.
CD/DVD Burning
GnomeBaker
A burning utility known as Gnome-Baker
su -c 'yum install gnomebaker'
K3B
K3B is a burning program with similar functionalities to closed source Nero
su -c 'yum install k3b'
 To enable MP3 and other proprietary support in K3B
su -c 'yum install k3b-extras-nonfree'
CD/DVD Creator
Places -> CD/DVD Creating

Then when loaded.
File Menu -> Write to Disc
How to Burn an Image (iso) to Disc
Right click on image (ISO) file -> Write to Disc
How to Create an Image (iso) File
 Using a folder as the data
mkisofs -r -o file.iso /location_of_folder/
 Creating an iso from a CD/DVD
su -c 'umount /dev/cdrom'
readcd dev=/dev/cdrom f=file.iso
How to Un/Mount an Image (iso) without burning it
 To mount your file.iso
mkdir ~/your_disc/
su -c 'mount file.iso ~/your_disc -t iso9660 -o loop'
To access your file.iso you can go into the directory ~/your_disc
 To unmount your file.iso
su -c 'umount ~/your_disc/'
How to generate MD5 checksum files
md5sum file.iso > file.iso.md5
How to check MD5 checksum of files
e.g. Assumed that file.iso and file.iso.md5 are in the same folder
md5sum -c file.iso.md5
How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner

 Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
 Configuration Editor
/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> default_speed (set/change the burn

speed)
How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> burnproof (Checked)
How to enable overburn for CD/DVD Burner

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> overburn (Checked)
Installing Music Players
Installing a Music Player (Songbird)
 Songbird RPM's are available from the official Songbird contribution website. To install,
follow the link and download either the i386 rpm for 32 bit installs or the x86_64 rpm for 64
bit installs.
 Once downloaded install manually using the following line as an example:
su -c 'rpm -Uvh songbird-1.1.1-1.fc10.i386.rpm'
 Please note the the following packages are required in order to have full playback capabilities:
su -c 'yum -y install gstreamer gstreamer-plugins-base gstreamer-

plugins-good gstreamer-plugins-ugly'
su -c 'yum -y install gstreamer-ffmpeg plugins-ugly gstreamer-
plugins-flumpegdemux gstreamer-plugins-bad'
XMMS (playing mp3's)
How to play MP3's using a program such as xmms.
Setting Winamp Presets in XMMS
You will need to have installed XMMS from above.
 Create a file in your home directory
gedit ~/.xmms/eq.preset
 Add this into the file.
;
; WinAmp EQ presets for XMMS. converted by Urpo Lankinen
<wwwwolf@iki.fi>
; Do whatever you want with these. I don't care. No warranty
; expressed or implied. (And if you blast your speakers with these.
; It's Nullsoft's fault anyway =)
;
[Presets]
Preset0=(WinAmp) Classical
Preset1=(WinAmp) Club
Preset2=(WinAmp) Dance
Preset3=(WinAmp) Full Bass
Preset4=(WinAmp) Full Bass & Treble
Preset5=(WinAmp) Full Treble
Preset6=(WinAmp) Laptop Speakers / Headphones
Preset7=(WinAmp) Large Hall
Preset8=(WinAmp) Live
Preset9=(WinAmp) Party
Preset10=(WinAmp) Pop
Preset11=(WinAmp) Reggae
Preset12=(WinAmp) Rock
Preset13=(WinAmp) Ska
Preset14=(WinAmp) Soft
Preset15=(WinAmp) Soft rock
Preset16=(WinAmp) Techno
[(WinAmp) Classical]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-7.2
Band7=-7.2
Band8=-7.2
Band9=-9.6
[(WinAmp) Club]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=8
Band3=5.6
Band4=5.6
Band5=5.6
Band6=3.2
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Dance]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=9.6
Band1=7.2
Band2=2.4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-5.6
Band6=-7.2
Band7=-7.2
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Full Bass]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-8
Band1=9.6
Band2=9.6
Band3=5.6
Band4=1.6
Band5=-4
Band6=-8
Band7=-10.4
Band8=-11.2
Band9=-11.2
[(WinAmp) Full Bass & Treble]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=7.2
Band1=5.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-7.2
Band4=-4.8
Band5=1.6
Band6=8
Band7=11.2
Band8=12
Band9=12
[(WinAmp) Full Treble]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-9.6
Band1=-9.6
Band2=-9.6
Band3=-4
Band4=2.4
Band5=11.2
Band6=16
Band7=16
Band8=16
Band9=16.8
[(WinAmp) Laptop Speakers / Headphones]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4.8
Band1=11.2
Band2=5.6
Band3=-3.2
Band4=-2.4
Band5=1.6
Band6=4.8
Band7=9.6
Band8=12.8
Band9=14.4
[(WinAmp) Large Hall]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=10.4
Band1=10.4
Band2=5.6
Band3=5.6
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-4.8
Band6=-4.8
Band7=-4.8
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Live]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-4.8
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=4
Band3=5.6
Band4=5.6
Band5=5.6
Band6=4
Band7=2.4
Band8=2.4
Band9=2.4
[(WinAmp) Party]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=7.2
Band1=7.2
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-1.11022e-15
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=7.2
Band9=7.2
[(WinAmp) Pop]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.6
Band1=4.8
Band2=7.2
Band3=8
Band4=5.6
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=-2.4
Band7=-2.4
Band8=-1.6
Band9=-1.6
[(WinAmp) Reggae]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-1.11022e-15
Band1=-1.11022e-15
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-5.6
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=6.4
Band6=6.4
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=-1.11022e-15
Band9=-1.11022e-15
[(WinAmp) Rock]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=8
Band1=4.8
Band2=-5.6
Band3=-8
Band4=-3.2
Band5=4
Band6=8.8
Band7=11.2
Band8=11.2
Band9=11.2
[(WinAmp) Ska]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=-2.4
Band1=-4.8
Band2=-4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=4
Band5=5.6
Band6=8.8
Band7=9.6
Band8=11.2
Band9=9.6
[(WinAmp) Soft]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4.8
Band1=1.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-2.4
Band4=-1.11022e-15
Band5=4
Band6=8
Band7=9.6
Band8=11.2
Band9=12
[(WinAmp) Soft rock]

Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=4
Band1=4
Band2=2.4
Band3=-1.11022e-15
Band4=-4
Band5=-5.6
Band6=-3.2
Band7=-1.11022e-15
Band8=2.4
Band9=8.8
[(WinAmp) Techno]
Preamp=-1.11022e-15
Band0=8
Band1=5.6
Band2=-1.11022e-15
Band3=-5.6
Band4=-4.8
Band5=-1.11022e-15
Band6=8
Band7=9.6
Band8=9.6
Band9=8.8
 Save the file
 Load the preset from within xmms
Open the equalizer -> Click Preset -> Load -> Presets
su -c 'yum install xmms-mp3'
Amarok (with mp3 support)
su -c 'yum install amarok amarok-extras-nonfree'
Audacious (with mp3 support)
 There are numerous plugins that are available.
su -c 'yum install audacious audacious-plugins-nonfree-mp3'
How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10)

su -c 'yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33'
 Download RealPlayer Gold from here.

 Install it.
Assumed that .rpm file has been downloaded to your Desktop, because Firefox by default
downloads everything to your Desktop
su -c 'rpm -ivh Desktop/RealPlayer10GOLD.rpm'
su -c 'yum remove HelixPlayer'
 Applications -> Sound & Video -> RealPlayer 10
How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner)

wget -c
ftp://ftp.freshrpms.net/pub/dag/dries/packages/streamtuner/fc5-
i386/streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm
su -c 'rpm -ivh streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm'
su -c 'rm -f streamtuner-0.99.99-1.fc5.rf.i386.rpm'
 or
su -c 'yum --enablerepo=freshrpms install streamtuner'

 Applications -> Sound & Video -> streamtuner
How to extract RAR files (rar)
Rar files are starting to be used extensively on the internet. You can install the package in Fedora.
su -c 'yum install unrar'
Audio Editor (Audacity)
This will enable the non-free aspects of audacity.
su -c 'yum install audacity-nonfree'
Google Earth
 You will need either the nvidia or ATI drivers installed to view the graphics properly. It is
unsure whether Google Earth will work when F8 is released. I will update this when I know
further.
 Download Google Earth either using wget or from

[http://dl.google.com/earth/client/current/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
here.]
wget http://dl.google.com/earth/client/current/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
 Run the associated bin file.
sh GoogleEarthLinux.bin
 Note: There are issues relating to the latest ATI drivers (8.40.4)with Google Earth. A solution
has been found. Please read this post for a way of solving it.
How to view NTFS partitions
Getting access to your windows partitions are easier now.
su -c 'yum install ntfs-3g ntfs-config'
How to configure NTFS partitions using ntfs-config
 You can setup ntfs partition manually which is explained how to do in a paragraphs beneath
this, or just use ntfs-config utility that does that automatically for you. Please first backup your
/etc/fstab file before you do anything so you can revert back if you make a mess out of it.
su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.original'
 Then just start ntfs-config
su -c 'ntfs-config'
How to configure NTFS partitions manually
Setting up Windows Partition folders
 You will need to create a folder which you can 'mount' your windows partition in.
su -c 'mkdir /media/windows'
 If you mount your partitions in /media directory they show up in "Removable media" under
Places menue in Gnome and on Desktop. If you don't want your partitions showing there
mount then under some other directory; for example unders /mnt.
 Now you need to locate your windows partition, do this with the following command.
su -c '/sbin/fdisk -l'
 That command should return something similar to the following.
Disk /dev/sda: 200.0 GB, 200048565760 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24321 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 11572 92952058+ 7 HPFS/NTFS
/dev/sda2 11573 23321 94373842+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 23322 24321 8032500 82 Linux swap /
Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 200.0 GB, 200048565760 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24321 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 * 1 24321 195358401 b W95 FAT32
 Now an entry is needed in the files system table, to do so enter the following.
su -c 'nano /etc/fstab'
 Now in text editor make and entry similar to the follwing as the last line of the file.
/dev/sda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g

defaults,fmask=0000,dmask=0000,uid=500 0 0
 If your partition identifier is not "/dev/sda1" substitute the correct device. (For example it
might be "/dev/sda1" if you have a SATA /SCSI drive.) Once the new line is added press
ctrl+o, at the File Name to Write: /etc/fstab prompt; press enter, this will save the file. Then
press ctrl+x to exit the editor. Now you need to mount your new partitions.
su -c 'mount -a'
 At the prompt enter your root password and press enter.

 Close the terminal.
 Your Windows partition should now be available in Nautilus under "/media/windows".
How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only

 Read #How to list partition tables
 Read #How to view NTFS partitions
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)

Local mount folder: /media/windows
 To mount Windows partition
su -c 'mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t ntfs-3g -o
nls=utf8,umask=0222'
 To unmount Windows partition

su -c 'umount /media/windows/'
How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write

e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)

 To mount Windows partition
su -c 'mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t vfat -o
iocharset=utf8,umask=000'
 To unmount Windows partition
su -c 'umount /media/windows/'
How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only

 Read #Setting up Windows Partition folders
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)

su -c 'cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup'
 Append the following line at the end of file
/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs-3g nls=utf8,umask=0222 0 0

 Read #How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting
How to mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write

e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)

/dev/hda1 /media/windows vfat iocharset=utf8,umask=000 0 0

Bittorrent Clients
Fedora is released using bittorrent and it is the recommended way to download the Fedora ISO's. Here
are some programs you can install to enable bittorrent.
Azureus
This is enabled in extras already.
su -c 'yum install azureus'
Bittorrent
The orginal bittorrent client.
su -c 'yum install bittorrent'
Bittorrent (gui)
The graphical interface to the bittorrent client.
su -c 'yum install bittorrent-gui'
Windows Emulators
Wine
Wine is one of the busiest and fastest changing emulators out on the market. You can find a lot of info
relating to what windows programs work at the Wine Application DB
su -c 'yum install wine'
Utorrent
To install UTorrent you will need to install wine as stated above.
wine utorrent.exe
Fonts
After you install the fonts you need to log off and then log back on for the fonts to be enabled and
functioning.
Free-type Freeworld
More information relating to fonts can be found on the Linux Font HOWTO.
The freetype-freeworld package uses a technique described in this bug report.
su -c 'yum install freetype-freeworld'
Microsoft Core Fonts
These fonts need to be built from the web so you will build an rpm package based on a SPEC file.
su -c 'yum install wget rpmdevtools rpmbuild cabextract ttmkfdir'
 Then create the rpmdev directory
rpmdev-setuptree
 Switch to your SPECS directory that you created in the previous step.
cd ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/
 Download the spec file.
wget http://dl.atrpms.net/all/chkfontpath-1.10.1-2.fc11.x86_64.rpm
wget http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/msttcorefonts-2.0-1.spec
 run the following command to build the rpm
rpmbuild -bb msttcorefonts-2.0-1.spec
 Move to where the msttcorefonts rpm was created
cd ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/
 Download and install the msttcorefonts and dependencies (
su -c 'rpm -ivh ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/chkfontpath-1.10.1-

2.fc11.x86_64.rpm'
su -c 'rpm -ivh msttcorefonts-2.0-1.noarch.rpm'
 If you have installed the xfs fontserver (it is not installed by default in Fedora 11), then run the
following code to reload it:
su -c '/sbin/service xfs reload'
Or
su -c '/etc/init.d/xfs reload'
Turn on smooth fonts
This will turn on smooth fonts.
gedit ~/.fonts.conf
You then need to enter this data into it.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
<match target="font">
<edit name="autohint" mode="assign">
<bool>true</bool>
</edit>
</match>
</fontconfig>
Windows Messaging
To enable Windows Messaging on your computer you will need to install one program.
Amsn
su -c 'yum install amsn'
Pidgin
su -c 'yum install pidgin'
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
You can connect to internet relay chat servers to communicate with other people.
XChat
su -c 'yum install XChat'
 When installed you need to choose a server and log in name.
 For more information

How to install Skype

 Add the following repository to your Fedora install.
su -
cat <<EOF> /etc/yum.repos.d/skype.repo
[skype]
name=Skype Repository
baseurl=http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/fedora/updates/i586/
gpgkey=http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/infosys/phone/skype/rpm-public-key.asc
EOF
 Install skype
su -c 'yum -y install skype'
How to install Skype with Video on 64bit Fedora
The skype 2.1 is release for 32bit only, however it is easy to make it working on a 64bit system. Just
install the 32bit RPM described above or directly from the skype download website, and install the
32bit version of libv4l;
su -c 'yum -y install libv4l-0.6.3-1.fc11.i586'
The launch skype from command line (or modify your menu to do the equivalent of);
env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/libv4l/v4l1compat.so skype
How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X)

su -c 'yum -y install d4x'
 Applications -> Internet -> Downloader for X
How to install FTP Client (gFTP)

su -c 'yum -y install gftp'
 Applications -> Internet -> gFTP
How to install P2P eMule Client (aMule)

su -c 'yum -y install amule'
 Applications -> Internet -> aMule

How to install Image Viewer (Gwenview)

su -c 'yum -y install gwenview'
 Applications -> Graphics -> Gwenview
How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)

su -c 'yum -y install thunderbird'
 Applications -> Internet -> Thunderbird Mail Client
How to install Newsreader (Pan)

su -c 'yum -y install pan'
 Applications -> Internet -> Pan Newsreader
How to install CHM viewer (GnoCHM)

su -c 'yum -y install gnochm'
 Applications -> Accessories -> CHM Viewer
How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl)

 Read #Sun Java
 Go to rssowl and download your version this example is for x86
su -c 'tar zxvf rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/'

su -c 'chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/'
su -c 'gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh'
 Insert the following lines
export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:$
{LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
cd /opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/
./run.sh
su -c 'chmod +x /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh'
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/applications/RSSOwl.desktop'
 Create a desktop file
[Desktop Entry]
Name=RSSOwl
Comment=RSSOwl
Exec=runRSSOwl.sh
Icon=/opt/rssowl_1_2_3_linux_bin/rssowl.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
 Save the edited filed

 Applications -> Internet -> RSSOwl
How to install Web Authoring System (bluefish)

su -c 'yum -y install bluefish'
 Applications --> Programming --> Bluefish Editor
How to install KDE Web Development Environment (quanta plus)

su -c 'yum -y install kdewebdev'
 Applications -> Programming -> Quanta Plus
How to install Accounting Application (GnuCash)

su -c 'yum -y install gnucash'
 Applications -> Office -> GnuCash
How to install Partition Editor (GParted)

su -c 'yum install gparted'
 Applications -> System Tools -> GParted
How to install Firewall (Firestarter)

su -c 'yum install firestarter'
 Applications -> System Tools -> Firestarter
How to install Firewall (Fedora Firewall)

su -c 'yum install system-config-firewall'

 System -> Administration - Firewall
How to configure SELinux (Fedora SELinux)

su -c 'yum install system-config-selinux'
 Applications -> System Tools -> SELinux Management
How to install network traffic analyzer (Wireshark)

su -c 'yum install wireshark wireshark-gnome'
 Applications -> Internet -> Wireshark
How to install Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus)

su -c 'yum install scribus'
 Applications -> Office -> Scribus
How to install Desktop Applets (gDesklets)

su -c 'yum install gdesklets'
 Applications -> Accessories -> gDesklets

 For more info see: http://gdesklets.gnomedesktop.org/
How to install Basic Compilers (gcc)

su -c 'yum install gcc gcc-c++'
How to set up a Development Environment

 Add development repo
su -c 'gedit /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-devel.repo'
 Add the following lines to the new file
[development]
name=Fedora - Development
#baseurl=http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/fedora/linux/developme
nt/$basearch/os/
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist?
repo=rawhide&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
su -c 'yum groupinstall "Development Tools"'
How to install an Integrated Development Environment (Anjuta)

su -c 'yum install anjuta
 Applications -> Programming -> Anjuta IDE
How to install a 3D modeling tool (Blender 3D)

su -c 'yum install blender'
 Applications -> Graphics -> Blender 3D modeller
How to install a game Frozen-Bubble

su -c 'yum install frozen-bubble
 Applications -> Games -> Frozen-Bubble

 For more games see: http://games.linux.sk/ or http://www.tuxgames.com/
How to install virtual planetarium (Stellarium)

su -c 'yum install stellarium'
 Applications -> Graphics -> Stellarium nightsky renderer
How to install the KDE Edutainment applications

su -c 'yum install kdeedu'
 Applications -> Edutainment -> ...
Other Desktop Environments
 Fedora generally comes with Gnome to install another desktop environment look below.
How to install KDE

su -c 'yum groupinstall kde'
 Log Out
 In sessions choose KDE
 Log in
How to install XFCE

su -c 'yum groupinstall xfce'
 Log out
 In sessions choose xfce
 Log in
Commercial Applications
How to install Windows 9x/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin)
 http://www.win4lin.com
How to install Windows Applications (CrossOver Office)
 http://www.codeweavers.com
How to install Windows Games (Cedega)
 http://www.transgaming.com
Networking
How to configure VPN client (PPTP)
Install PPTP client software
su -c 'yum install pptp'
Installing PPTP Config
as root…
# rpm -Uvh http://pptpclient.sourceforge.net/yum/stable/fc11/pptp-
release-current.noarch.rpm
# yum –enablerepo=pptp-stable install pptpconfig
Configure PPTP Config
Launch it beneath Internet, there should be a new icon for it, then input the following fields as
described:
Server Tab:
 Name - short description of this connection

 Server - dns server name or ip address of the target PPTP server
 Domain - domain name if using Windows or Active Directory authentication
 Username - simply your username to login with
 Password - the password to use with the username above
Routing Tab: For Routing Style select 'Client to LAN'. Then click Edit Network Routes then add the
target network in the following format "192.168.0.0/24' for all IP Addresses in the block 192.168.0.*.
Next type a short name for this network route and click Add.
DNS Tab: Checking Automatic is recommended, if this doesn't work however you can specify DNS
Servers in the Server box. Also input something like "search mycompany.com" in the Options field
which will make host name resolution simpler.
Encryption & Misc Tab: Defaults here should be good, but if you are troubleshooting you can uncheck
everything.
Finally click Add then Start
How to configure Google Talk
 See the answer at Google Talk Help Center
How to activate/deactivate network connections

 Desktop -> System Settings -> Network
 Devices Tab
 Activate/Deactivate
How to configure network connections

 Desktop -> System Settings -> Network
 Network Configuration
 Edit
 Read #How to activate/deactivate network connections
How to change computer name
hostname your_desired_computer_name
How to change computer descriptions

 Read #How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
su -c 'cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf'
 Find this line
...
server string = Samba Server
...
 Replace with the following line
server string = new_computer_descriptions
 Save the edited file, then check for errors and restart
testparm
su -c '/etc/init.d/smb restart'
 or
testparm
su -c 'service smb restart'
How to change computer Domain/Workgroup


 Find this line
...
workgroup = MSHOME
...
workgroup = new_domain_or_workgroup
testparm
How to assign Hostname to local machine with dynamic IP using free DynDNS service

 Read #How to add extra repositories
e.g. Assumed that internet connections have been configured properly

Register free Dynamic DNS at https://www.dyndns.org
Automatically refresh IP in DynDNS Database/DNS every hour
* * * * * means minute hour date month year
su -c 'yum install ipcheck'
su -c 'gedit /root/dyndns_update.sh'
 Insert the following lines into the new file
USERNAME=myusername
PASSWORD=mypassword
HOSTNAME=myhostname.dyndns.org
cd ~/
if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then
ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
else
ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD
$HOSTNAME
fi
su -c 'chmod 700 ~/dyndns_update.sh'

su -c 'sh ~//dyndns_update.sh'
su -c 'export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e'
00 * * * * sh /home/YourUsername/dyndns_update.sh
How to share folders the easy way

Right click on folder -> Share folder

Shared folder -> Share with: Select "SMB"
Share properties -> Name: Specify the share name
How to browse network computers
e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly

If computers or network folders could not be found, try access them directly
Read #How to access network folders without mounting
 Places -> Network Servers
How to access network folders without mounting

Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1
Shared folder's name: linux
 Applications -> Run Application...

 Run Application
smb://192.168.0.1/linux
How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read


Network computer's Username: myusername
Network computer's Password: mypassword
Local mount folder: /media/sharename
 To mount network folder
su -c 'mkdir /media/sharename'
su -c 'mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o
username=myusername,password=mypassword'
 To unmount network folder
su -c 'umount /media/sharename/'
How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read/write


 To mount network folder
su -c 'mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o
username=myusername,password=mypassword,dmask=777,fmask=777'
 To unmount network folder
su -c 'umount /media/sharename/'
How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read


su -c 'gedit ~/.smbcredentials'
username=myusername
password=mypassword
chmod 700 ~/.smbcredentials

//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename cifs

credentials=/home/yourusername/.smbcredentials 0 0

How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write


su -c 'gedit ~/.smbcredentials'
username=myusername
password=mypassword

chmod 700 ~/.smbcredentials
//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename cifs

credentials=/home/your_username/.smbcredentials,dmask=0777,fmask=0777
0 0

Enabling remote X Sessions
The X Server is pr. default started with the '-nolisten tcp' option
and thus disallows any remote X sessions.
To fix that change the [security] section to include the
'DisallowTCP=false'
[root@noone~]$ more /etc/gdm/custom.conf
# GDM configuration storage
[xdmcp]
[chooser]
[security]
DisallowTCP=false
[debug]
[root@noone ~]$
If that does not work you might have issues with your firewall or
xhost
Firewall:
System -> Administration -> Firewall
Then in other ports you Add port 6000 (X11 port)
xhost:
man xhost
or
'xhost user@server'
Remote Desktop
How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
Warning! Remote Desktop will only work if there's a GNOME login session
Leaving computer with an unattended GNOME login session is not secure
Use (System -> Lock Screen) and off the monitor when computer is left unattended
 Desktop -> Preferences -> Remote Desktop

 Remote Desktop Preferences
Sharing ->
Allow other users to view your desktop (Checked)
Allow other users to control your desktop (Checked)
Security ->
Ask you for confirmation (Un-Checked)
Require the user to enter this password: (Checked)
Password: Specify the password
How to connect into remote Fedora desktop

e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have configured Remote Desktop
Read #How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
Remote Fedora machine: 192.168.0.1
vncviewer -fullscreen 192.168.0.1:0
 To quit vncviewer
Press 'F8' -> Quit viewer
Remote conection Script by fedorajim
Open a teminal window and switch to root.
su -c 'gedit /usr/local/bin/remote2someone'
Add the following text to the text editor
#!/bin/bash
# Written by fedorajim
# enter the IP address ofthe remote PC
IPADDRESS="$(zenity --entry --title "Enter IP Address" --text "Enter
the IP Address of the remore PC:")"
echo $IPADDRESS
#Enter the username you aregoing to login with
UserName="$(zenity --entry --title "Enter User Name" --text "Enter
the User Name to connect with:")"
echo $UserName
# opens a new terminal window and connects to remote PC
function ssh_Remote_PC
{
gnome-terminal -x ssh -L 5911:$IPADDRESS:5901 $UserName@$IPADDRESS
}
function View_Remote_PC
{
gnome-terminal -x vncviewer localhost:11
}
#################################################
selection=
until [ "$selection" = "0" ]; do
echo ""
echo "######################"
echo "1 - Make Remote Connection"
echo "2 - display Remote Desktop"
echo "0 - exit program"
echo ""
echo -n "Enter selection: "
read selection
echo ""
#####################
# Commands executed #
#####################
case $selection in
1 ) $(ssh_Remote_PC) ;;
2 ) $(View_Remote_PC) ;;
0 ) exit ;;
* ) echo "Please enter 1, 2 or 0"
esac
done
Click save and close the text editor. Right click the desktop an choose create launcher add the
following to the Create Launcher dialog
 Name: remote2someone
 Comment: ssh remote connection
 Command: /usr/local/bin/remote2someone
 Type: application
 Run in Terminal: Checked
 Icon: click the Icon button and choose a icon
Click save.
How to connect into remote Fedora desktop via Windows machine
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have configured Remote Desktop
Read #How to configure remote desktop (not secure)
 Download VNC Viewer: Here
Security
What are the basic things I need to know about securing my Fedora

 Ensure hard drive is first in BIOS boot-up sequence
o To prevent trespassers from using Linux Installation CD which allows them to gain
root user access
o To prevent trespassers from using Linux Live CD (e.g. Fedora/KNOPPIX/MEPIS)
which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive
o To prevent trespassers from installing another Operating System
 Ensure a password is set for BIOS
o To prevent trespassers from changing the BIOS boot-up sequence
 Ensure computer is located at a secured place
o To prevent trespassers from removing computer's hard drive which allows them to
destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive from a different computer
o To prevent trespassers from removing computer's on-board battery which resets the
BIOS password
 Ensure passwords used on the system cannot be easily guessed
o To prevent trespassers from cracking password file using brute force attacks (e.g.
John the Ripper)
o Create password with minimum length of 8 characters
o Create password with mixture of characters/numbers, and upper/lower case
 Ensure interactive editing control for GRUB menu is disabled
o To prevent trespassers from modifying kernel boot-up arguments which allows them
to have root user access
o Read #How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu
 Ensure history listing is disabled in Console mode
o To prevent trespassers from seeing previously issued commands
o Read #How to disable history listing in Console mode
 Ensure Ctrl+Alt+Del is disabled in Console mode
o To prevent trespassers from restarting the system without permission in Console
mode
o Read #How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
 Ensure interactive option is set for remove, copy and move of files/folders in Console mode
o To prevent accidental removal/overwritten of files/folders
o Read #How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console
mode
 For day to day usage, login as a normal user
o To prevent accidental deletion/modification of system files/folders
o Read #How to add/edit/delete system users
 Disable root user account, use "sudo" instead
o To reduce the amount of time spent with root privileges, and thus the risk of
inadvertently executing a command as root
o "sudo" provides a more useful audit trail (/var/log/auth.log)
o Read #How to disable root user account
 Install a Firewall
o A firewall does not guarantee security but it is in most environments the first line of
defense against network based attacks
o Read #How to install Firewall (Firestarter)
 Perform vulnerability test
o Nessus is a great tool designed to automate the testing and discovery of known
security problems
o Read #How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus)
How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu
Make sure you backup the files
grub
grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (Fedora)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit
su -c 'cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup'
su -c 'gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst'
 Find this section
...
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all
interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected
by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
...
 Add the following line below it
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password

above)
...
title Fedora, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
savedefault
boot
...
 Replace with the following lines
#title Fedora, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)

#root (hd0,1)
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
#savedefault
#boot
How to disable history listing in Console mode
rm -f $HOME/.bash_history
touch $HOME/.bash_history
chmod 000 $HOME/.bash_history
How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode
su -c 'cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/inittab'
 Find this line
...
ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
...
#ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
su -c 'telinit q'
How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode
gedit /someuser/.bashrc
 Find this line
#User specific aliases and functions
alias rm='rm -i'

alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'
SELinux (with references)
 One of the biggest issues that new users have relates to SELinux. Here are a few links to help
fix the situation with one fail safe technique that automatically builds an approval.
 Fedora Project SELinux Page
 SELinux Commands
 One way to modify SELinux is to use system-config-securitylevel. Install it with the following
command.
su -c 'yum install system-config-securitylevel]
 The failsafe way which fixes most issues is to use audit2allow by scanning your logs and
creating a policy to allow those denials. Some light reading as well can be found with the Red
Hat SELinux Guide.
 Note: Make sure you relabel all your files prior to doing this. That may fix the problem. To
relabel your files go to system-config-securitylevel and there will be a choice to relabel on
next reboot. Tick that box and then restart. The other option is to run the following commands.
touch /.autorelabel
reboot
 The other option is to try and fix the files on a live system. You can attempt this running the
following command. This may make the system unstable and the reboot method is preferred
and recommended.
fixfiles relabel
 Switch to root
su --login
 Make sure you are in your SELinux Source directory
cd $SELINUX_SRC/
 Make sure you backup the existing local.te file
cp domains/misc/local.te domains/unused/local.te.backup
 Set Audit2Allow to analyse your log file and generate a policy.
audit2allow -i /var/log/messages -o ./local.te
 View the files
cat local.te
 The output may look like this. Make sure there are no double entries and make sure that they
look reasonable and correct.
allow syslogd_t bin_t:dir search;

allow syslogd_t bin_t:file { execute execute_no_trans getattr \
read };
allow syslogd_t bin_t:lnk_file read;
allow syslogd_t etc_runtime_t:file { getattr read };
allow syslogd_t proc_kmsg_t:file write;
allow syslogd_t proc_t:file { getattr read };
 When you are happy install the policy
semodule -i local.te
 Do the action that you were doing to generate the error and verify that it has been rectified.
Rescue Mode
How to use Fedora Installation CD, to gain root user access

 Insert Fedora CD #1 into your CD-ROM and boot from it
linux rescue
How to change root user/main user password if forgotten

 Read #How to gain root user access without login
 To change root user password
# passwd root
 To change main user password
# passwd system_main_username
How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten
grub
grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (Fedora)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit
 Find this line
...
password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
...
password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password

above)
How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation

 Read #How to use Fedora Installation CD, to gain root user access
e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda is the location of /boot partition

# su -c /sbin/grub-install /dev/hda'
How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu

e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition

 Append the following lines at the end of file
title Microsoft Windows

root (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1
How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows machine

 Download Explore2fs: Here
OR
 See www.fs-driver.org
Tips & Tricks
How to add extra Wallpapers, Icons and Themes

 To add extra backgrounds
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/backgrounds.tar.gz
su -c 'tar zxvf backgrounds.tar.gz -C /usr/share'
rm -f backgrounds.tar.gz
 Check weather you have file backgrounds.xml in your .gnome/ directory
ls $HOME/.gnome2/ | grep "backgrounds.xml"
 If this line printed out "backgrounds.xml" then run
cp --preserve=ownership $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml
$USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup
sed -n -e '1,3p' $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup >
$USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml
cat /usr/share/backgrounds/frog.xml >>
sed -n -e '4,$p' $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml_backup >>
 ELSE run
su -c 'cp /usr/share/backgrounds/backgrounds.xml
$USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml'
su -c 'chmod 777 $USER_HOME/.gnome2/backgrounds.xml'
 To add extra Icons and Themes run
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/icons.tar.gz
tar zxvf icons.tar.gz -C $USER_HOME
rm -f icons.tar.gz
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/themes.tar.gz
tar zxvf themes.tar.gz -C $USER_HOME
rm -f themes.tar.gz
 Try changing your background, and look in Applications -> Preferences -> Themes (Theme
details)
How to add extra Themes (Gnome-themes-extras)
 Fedora 9 now come swith a new package called gnome-themes-extras install it by doing:
su -c 'yum install gnome-themes-extras'
 To change the theme go to System -> Preferences -> Look and Feel -> Appearance you will
then be able to change the theme.
How to add the Open Terminal to the R-Click
su -c 'yum install nautilus-open-terminal'
 Right Click the Desktop -> Open Terminal
How to get a shortcut to Root Terminal

su -c 'yum --enablerepo=dries install gksu'
 Applications -> System Tools -> Root Terminal
How to enable the "Switch User" button on the GNOME screensaver
 To do this to just for one user
gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/gnome-

screensaver/user_switch_enabled true
 To do this for every user
gconftool-2 --direct --config-source

xml:readwrite:/etc/gconf/gconf.xml.defaults --type bool --set
/apps/gnome-screensaver/user_switch_enabled true
How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer

 Save and close all opened applications
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + Backspace'
or
su -c '/usr/sbin/gdm-restart'
How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup

su -c 'yum install numlockx

su -c 'cp /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default'
 Find this line (the last line)
...
exit 0
 Add the following lines above it
if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi

 Read #How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
How to switch to Console mode in GNOME

 To switch to Console mode
Press 'Ctrl + Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)
 To switch between consles in Console mode
Press 'Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)
 To switch back to GNOME mode
Press 'Alt + F1'
How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME
su -c 'cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf'
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZap" "yes"
EndSection

 Read #How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer
How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in GNOME
gconftool-2 -t str --set

/apps/metacity/global_keybindings/run_command_9
"<Control><Alt>Delete"
gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/keybinding_commands/command_9
"gnome-system-monitor"
How to refresh GNOME desktop
killall nautilus
How to refresh GNOME panel
killall gnome-panel
How bypass Keyring's Password
 Install Pam keyring
su -c 'yum install pam_keyring'
 Create the script which will automatically pass the password to keyring
gedit ~/.key.sh
 Add the next section and change the word password to your password
#! /bin/bash
echo password | /usr/libexec/pam-keyring-tool --unlock
--keyring=default -s
 Make sure it is executible
chmod +x ~/.key.sh
 Add the script to the startup sequence so that the script is run on boot.
 Go through the menu listed below
System -> Preferences -> Personal -> Sessions
 Click on the startup tab

 Click the add button
 Enter the following details
Name: Keyring Script

Command:~/.key.sh
Comment: My automatic unlock script
 To enable it straight away run the following command.
~/.key.sh
How to open each folder in the same window in Nautilus

/ -> apps -> nautilus -> preferences -> always_use_browser (Checked)
How to enable autosave in Gedit and disable creation of some_file~ files

/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save ->
create_backup_copy (Unchecked)
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> auto_save
(Checked)
How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus

 Places -> Home Folder
 To temporary show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Press 'Ctrl + H'
 To permanently show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus
Edit Menu -> Preferences

Views Tab -> Default View -> Show hidden and backup files (Checked)
How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus

su -c 'yum install gksu'
 To install File Browser (Root)
su -c 'gedit /usr/share/applications/Nautilus-root.desktop'

o Insert the following lines into the new file
[Desktop Entry]
Name=File Browser (Root)
Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager
Exec=gksu "nautilus --browser ."
Icon=file-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;

o Save the edited file
 To browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus

o Applications -> System Tools -> File Browser (Root)
How to show Desktop Icons (Computer, Home, Trash)

/ -> apps -> nautilus -> desktop ->

computer_icon_visible (Checked)
home_icon_visible (Checked)
trash_icon_visible (Checked)
How to change default file type "Open with" program
Right click on file -> Properties

Open With Tab -> Add
Select "Open with" program
Select "Open with" program (Checked)
How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird

 Read #How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)
 Desktop -> Preferences -> Preferred Applications
 Preferred Applications
Mail Reader Tab -> Default Mail Reader -> Command: mozilla-
thunderbird %s
How to open files as root user via right click
gedit $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root
for uri in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS; do

gnome-"gnome-open $uri" &
done
chmod +x $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root

Right click on file -> Scripts -> Open as root
How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode

 Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal
 Terminal
Edit Menu -> Profile Preferences

General Tab -> Terminal bell (Un-Checked)
How to install/uninstall .rpm files

 To install .rpm file
su -c 'rpm -i package_file.rpm'
 To uninstall .rpm file
su -c 'rpm -e package_name'
How to rename all files in directory at once

 To install "mvb" file name renamer
 Best done as root
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/mvb_1.6.tgz
tar zxvf mvb_1.6.tgz -C /usr/share/
chown -R root:root /usr/share/mvb_1.6/
ln -fs /usr/share/mvb_1.6/mvb /usr/bin/mvb
 To rename all files in directory at once
mvb NEW_NAME
How to manipulate all image files in directory at once

 To install bash batch image processing script
o Read #How to add extra repositories
su -c 'yum install ImageMagick'

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/bbips.0.3.2.sh
su -c 'cp bbips.0.3.2.sh /usr/bin/bbips'
su -c 'chmod 755 /usr/bin/bbips'
 To manipulate all image files in directory at once
bbips
How to set System-wide Environment Variables
For sh/bash/ksh/zsh users, create a new .sh file in /etc/profile.d/:

su - -c 'gedit /etc/profile.d/local.sh'
 Append the system-wide environment variables to the file. The variable assignments are of the
form:
VARIABLE1=value
VARIABLE2=value
export VARIABLE1 VARIABLE2
For csh/tcsh users, create a new .csh file in /etc/profile.d/:
su - -c 'gedit /etc/profile.d/local.csh
 Append the system-wide environment variables to the file. The variable assignments are of the
form:
setenv VARIABLE1 value

setenv VARIABLE2 value
How to save "man" outputs into files
man command | col -b > file.txt
How to show GRUB menu on boot-up

 Find this line
...
hiddenmenu
...
#hiddenmenu
How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up

 Find this line
...
timeout 3
...

timeout X_seconds
How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu

 Find this line
...
default 0
...
default X_sequence
How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up
e.g. Assumed that hd0,1 is the location of Fedora boot partition

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/fedora.xpm.gz
su -c 'chmod 644 fedora.xpm.gz'
su -c 'mkdir /boot/grub/images'
su -c 'cp fedora.xpm.gz /boot/grub/images/'
# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)

# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
...
splashimage (hd0,1)/boot/grub/images/fedora.xpm.gz
How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu
e.g. Assumed that wallpaper.png is the Wallpaper to be converted to Splash Image

splashimage.xpm.gz is the Splash Image for GRUB menu
convert -resize 640x480 -colors 14 wallpaper.png splashimage.xpm &&
gzip splashimage.xpm
 Read #How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up (use splashimage.xpm.gz
instead of Fedora.xpm.gz)
How to temporary skip boot-up services

Press 'Ctrl + C'
How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services

 Read #How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM)
How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown
su -c 'cp /etc/init.d/sysklogd /etc/init.d/sysklogd_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/init.d/sysklogd'
...
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile
$pidfile
log_end_msg $?
...
rm -fr /tmp/* /tmp/.??*
How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in Console mode

 To scroll up to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Up'
 To scroll down to view previously outputs
Press 'Shift + Page Down'
How to forcefully empty Trash in GNOME
rm -fr $HOME/.Trash/
How to remove duplicate menu/menu items in GNOME
rm -f $HOME/.config/menus/applications.menu
Open Terminal Here in Nautilus
gedit ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/"Open Terminal Here"
add the following text
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict;
$_ = $ENV{'NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI'};
if ($_ and m#^file:///#) {
s/%([0-9A-Fa-f]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
s#^file://##;
exec "gnome-terminal --working-directory='$_'";
}
# Added 2003-12-08 Dexter Ang
if ($_ == "x-nautilus-desktop:///") {
$_ = $ENV{'HOME'};
$_ = $_.'/Desktop';
exec "gnome-terminal --working-directory='$_'";
}
Save and close Gedit
Right click the desktop choose Scripts then "Open Terminal Here"
Open Root Terminal Here in Naultilus
 Read #Set up Sudo on your PC
gedit ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/"Open Root Terminal Here"
Add the following
#!/bin/sh
cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI
sudo gnome-terminal
Save and close Gedit
Right click the desktop choose Scripts then "Open Terminal Here"
Servers
File Sharing (Samba Server)
How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service
 Use Desktop -> System Settings -> Add/Remove Applications
or
su -c 'yum -y install samba'
su -c 'yum -y install samba-client'
su -c 'yum -y install system-config-samba'
 To enable file sharing on boot
su -c 'chkconfig smb on'
 Desktop -> System Settings -> Server Settings -> Samba
How to add/edit/delete network users
 Use *Desktop -> System Settings -> Server Settings -> Samba
or
 To add network user

o Read #How to add/edit/delete system users
su -c 'smbpasswd -a system_username'
su -c 'gedit /etc/samba/smbusers'

o Insert the following line into the new file
system_username = "network username"

o Save the edited file
 To edit network user
su -c 'smbpasswd -a system_username'
 To delete network user
su -c 'smbpasswd -x system_username'
How to share home folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)

 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

 Read #How to add/edit/delete network users
testparm
How to share home folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)

 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
 Find this line

[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = no
writeable = yes
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
browseable = yes
writeable = no
testparm
How to share group folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
su -c 'mkdir /home/group'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/group/'
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = no
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

testparm
How to share group folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
su -c 'mkdir /home/group'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/group/'
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = yes
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
force user = nobody

testparm
How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes)
su -c 'mkdir /home/public'
su -c 'chmod 777 /home/public/'
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
force user = nobody
testparm
How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes)
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = user
[public]
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
force user = nobody

testparm
How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=No)
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = share

[public]
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
force user = nobody
testparm
How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=No)
 Find this line
...
; security = user
...
security = share
[public]
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
force user = nobody
testparm
World Wide Web Server (apache)
su -c 'yum -y install httpd'

su -c 'yum -y install mod_ssl'
su -c 'yum -y install httpd-manual'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_perl'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_auth_mysql'
su -c 'yum -y install crypto-utils'
su -c 'yum -y install mod_python'
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd start'
 http://localhost
Apache tips
Remove your server's signature
su -c 'cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf_original'
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf '
 find the line "ServerSignature"
 Change "ServerSignature on" to
ServerSignature off
 Underneath add this line:
ServerTokens ProductOnly
 Save and close the text editer
 restart apache
su -c '/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd restart'
How to map URLs to folders outside /var/www/

 Read #How to install Web Server
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/conf.d/alias'
Alias /URL-path /location_of_folder/

<Directory /location_of_folder/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd restart'
 http://localhost/URL-path
How to change the default port number for Apache HTTP Server

e.g. Assumed that new port number is 78

su -c 'cp /etc/httpd/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/httpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/httpd/httpd.conf'
 Find this line
Listen 80
Listen 78
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
 http://localhost:78
Secure Shell (ssh)
Securing SSH better
How to SSH into remote Fedora machine
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed SSH Server service and firewall
allows to connect to it
ssh username@192.168.0.1
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (scp)
Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt
Local machine save location: . (current directory)
scp username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine using Nautilus(scp)
 Open the following window Places -> Connect to Server
 Add the following details when you have opened the window
Service Type:SSH
Server:192.168.0.1
Port:Leave blank
Folder:/home/username
Username:username
Name to use for connection:Remote Machine's Name
 You will find the connection under the Places menu
How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (scp)
Local files/folders location: localfile.txt
Remote Fedora machine save location: /home/username/
scp localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
If not specifying the remote directory, the home directory for that user will be used:
scp localfile.txt user@remotehost:
How to copy files/folders from remote Fedora machine into local machine (rsync)
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats
username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .
How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Fedora machine (rsync)
Local files/folders location: localfile.txt
Remote Fedora machine save location: /home/username/
rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats localfile.txt
username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/
How to SSH into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
 Download PuTTY: Here
How to copy files/folders from/into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
 Download WinSCP: Here
File Transfer Server (proftpd)
How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
su -c 'yum install proftpd'

su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd start'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only

 Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
su -c 'cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/proftpd.conf'

<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>
su -c '/etc/init.d/proftpd restart'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write


<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
MaxClients 10
</Anonymous>
How to map anonymous FTP user to folders outside /home/ftp/


<Anonymous /location_of_folder/>
User ftp
Group nogroup
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
MaxClients 10
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>
How to change the default port number for FTP Server


 Find this line
Port 21
Port 77
How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine
e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed FTP Server service
Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
 Download FileZilla: Here
File Transfer Server (pure-ftpd)
How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
su -c 'yum install pure-ftpd'

su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd start'
Automatically start
 You need to be root

 Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service (pure-ftpd)
chkconfig pure-ftpd on
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only

su -c 'cp /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-
ftpd.conf_backup'
su -c 'gedit /etc/pure-ftpd/pure-ftpd.conf'
 Find the following line
NoAnonymous no
 Make sure it says no

 The directory of your Anonymous ftp users will be the same as your ftp user. Usually /var/ftp
 If you do not have an ftp user you will need to create one.
su -c '/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart'
How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write


ftpd.conf_backup'
 Change the following lines from
AnonymousCanCreateDirs no
AnonymousCantUpload yes
 To
AnonymousCanCreateDirs yes
AnonymousCantUpload no
How to change the default port number for FTP Server


ftpd.conf_backup'
 Find this line
# Bind 127.0.0.1,21
Bind 77
How to ftp into remote Fedora machine via Windows machine

e.g. Assumed that remote Fedora machine have installed FTP Server service
Read #How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service
 Download FileZilla: Here
Virtual Private Network (VPN)
 For gnome
su -c 'yum install NetworkManager-vpnc'
 For KDE
su -c 'yum install knetworkmanager-vpnc'
 Configure your connection using network manager or Knetworkmanager
OR
su -c 'yum install pptp'
 Configure your vpn as root
pptpconfig
Proxy Server (squid)

 Note this will create a transparent proxy. Associated changes will need to be made to your
firewall to benefit.
su -c 'yum install squid'
 Find the following lines and alter them to what is provided. The config line is very big so back
it up.
 Set the port and what type of proxy is required
http_port 3128 transparent
 Allow cachemgr access
# Only allow cachemgr access from localhost

http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
# Deny requests to unknown ports
http_access deny !Safe_ports
# Deny CONNECT to other than SSL ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
 Allow the network of 'localhost' and deny the rest
http_access allow localhost

http_access deny all
 Set the 'local_network' and allow it
acl local_network src 192.168.1.0/24

http_access allow local_network
 You will need to redirect all outgoing port 80 traffic to be redirected through port 3128 to
benefit from the proxy server an example line of my firewall script is listed below as an
example.
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 80 -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d

192.168.1.0/24 -j REDIRECT --to 3128
Outgoing Mail server (sendmail)
 By default sendmail is installed however if you need to install sendmail
su -c 'yum install sendmail'
 Edit the following lines changing it to your data
su -c 'gedit /etc/mail/sendmail.mc'
 Set your local domain
LOCAL_DOMAIN(`mail.your.domain.com)dnl
 All emails will have yourname@your.domain.com
MASQUERADE_AS(`your.domain.com')dnl
 If you use procmail.
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
 Set the type of action sendmail will be
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtp, Name=MTA')dnl
 Edit the virtusertable
su -c 'gedit /etc/mail/virtusertable'
 Add your usernames and email addresses at the bottom in that format.
name@your.domain.com name
 Close virtusertable down and sendmail.mc Compile the directory
make -C /etc/mail
 Set up your aliases adjust the following lines at the bottom
su -c 'gedit /etc/aliases'
# Person who should get root's mail
root: youradminusername
youradminusername: youradminusername
 Close the file down and run the following command as root. Make sure it comes up on boot
newaliases
chkconfig sendmail on
 Restart sendmail
su -c '/etc/init.d/sendmail restart'
Mail server (dovecot)
su -c 'yum install dovecot'
 Make sure it comes up on boot (Run the command as root)
chkconfig dovecot on
POP/IMAP settings
 Edit the dovecot.conf file
su -c 'gedit /etc/dovecot.conf'
 Modify the following lines

 What type of server do you want it will set the options for imap or pop3 If you want pop
remove the imap and imaps.
protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s
 Dovecot should listen on the standard ports
listen = [::]
 Set the mail location. The example below creates in your home directory a mail folder called
Maildir
# mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir
# mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
# mail_location =
mbox:/var/mail/%d/%1n/%n:INDEX=/var/indexes/%d/%1n/%n
maildir:~/Maildir
Server Intrusion Prevention (denyhosts)
su -c 'yum install denyhosts'
How to secure your system

 Read #Server Intrusion Prevention (denyhosts)
 Backup your original config file
su -c 'cp /etc/denyhosts.conf /etc/denyhosts.conf_backup
 To change the config to suit your system
su -c 'gedit /etc/denyhosts.conf'
 Modify the following lines to match what is listed below. Remember to remove the '#' at the
beginning of the lines
PURGE_DENY = 4w
BLOCK_SERVICE = ALL
DENY_THRESHOLD_INVALID = 5
DENY_THRESHOLD_VALID = 10
DENY_THRESHOLD_ROOT = 0
DENY_THRESHOLD_RESTRICTED = 1
SYSLOG_REPORT=YES
AGE_RESET_VALID=5d
AGE_RESET_ROOT=25d
SYNC_SERVER = http://xmlrpc.denyhosts.net:9911
SYNC_INTERVAL = 1h
SYNC_UPLOAD = yes
SYNC_DOWNLOAD_RESILIENCY = 5h
Domain Name Service (bind)
su -c 'yum install named'
 Enable on boot. Run the command as root.
chkconfig named on
 The easiest method is to follow the following howto from Redhat it is exactly the same as
what I used.
How to set up a home DNS server
DHCP Server (dhcpd)
su -c 'yum install dhcpd'
 Enable on boot. Run this command as root
chkconfig dhcpd on
 Edit the config file
su -c 'cp /etc/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcpd.conf_backup'

su -c 'gedit /etc/dhcpd.conf'
 Adjust your config to have a range issued in between 192.168.1.100 -> 192.168.1.200
 Note: Remember the curly braces {}
 If you want to have an ip linked to a print-server named print-server you follow the host
section listed below.
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
allow bootp;
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;
host print-server {
hardware ethernet 00:40:c8:04:03:db; #Your specific
ethernet hardware
fixed-address 192.168.1.20; #The ip that you want that
print server to have always
default-lease-time -1; #the lease time of the ip -1 is
forever
}
}
 A simple host section as an example
host strikeforce {
hardware ethernet 00:0F:EA:3E:12:58;
fixed-address 192.168.1.150;
}
Internet Time Server (ntpd)

 It will have a default list of locations to update your clock on your machine.
su -c 'yum install ntpd'
 Make sure you it is turned on when you boot. Run the command as root.
chkconfig ntpd on
Database Server (mysql)

 Use Desktop -> System Settings -> Add/Remove Applications
or
su -c 'yum install mysql'
su -c 'yum install mysql-server'
su -c 'yum install php-mysql'
su -c 'yum install MySQL-python'
su -c '/etc/init.d/mysqld start'
mysqladmin -u root password new_db_user_password
How to install MYSQL Control Center

 Read #How to install MYSQL Database Server
su -c 'yum install mysql-administrator'
 Applications -> System Tools -> MySQL Administrator
PHP on your Web Server

su -c 'yum install php'

su -c 'yum install php-mysql'
su -c '/etc/init.d/httpd restart'
 Insert the following line into a new file
su -c "echo '<?php phpinfo(); ?>' > /var/www/html/testphp.php"

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General Notes

1. This guide is not related to Fedora or Red Hat in anyway whatsoever.

 Read the #General Notes

How To use Yum

Usage: yum [options] < grouplist, localinstall, groupinfo,

 To search for an application

yum search application_name

yum list available

 To find out more info about some package

yum info application_name

yum install application_name

yum list extras

yum remove application_name

 Updating the system

 Not sure if you have updates?

downloaded a rpm and cannot install it with rpm because of dependencies?

yum localinstall /path/to/the/rpm

 This plugin speeds up the processing of packages and downloading of packages by

su -c 'yum install yum-presto'

These are some useful websites.

The Unofficial Fedora FAQ

Dangermouse's script thread

Folding at Home Howto (Use those spare CPU Cycles)

How to Install Fedora

How to Upgrade Fedora

 To upgrade Fedora refer to the information listed at the following website.

su -c 'yum clear all'

Problems with Installing

With every version there are some problems.

Fedora 11 Common Issues

How to Contribute to Fedora

Join the Fedora team

How to set/change/enable root user password

 Read #General Notes

 Read #Switching to Root

 You can then change the root password

How to disable root user account

 Read #General Notes

 Read #General Notes

su -c 'yum -y install system-config-users'

How to add/edit/delete system users

 Read #General Notes

Users Tab -> Add User.../Properties/Delete

How to add/edit/delete system groups

 Read #General Notes

Groups Tab -> Add Group.../Properties/Delete

How to automatically login into GNOME (not secure)

 Read #General Notes

General Tab -> Automatic Login ->

How to change files/folders permissions

 Read #General Notes

Right click on files/folders -> Properties

How to change files/folders ownership

chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders

How to change files/folders group ownership

 Read #General Notes

chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders

List out your last update with rpm

 Read #General Notes

rpm -qa --last | tac