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    Jharkand Mud House Report Lokesh

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    Ajay Kumar Sreerama
    1. This report summarizes the typical mud house construction found in Jharkhand, India. 2. Mud houses have been a standard construction in Jharkhand since the Iron Age, providing insulation from heat and cold. They are built using local materials like mud, grass, bamboo and timber. 3. The science behind mud houses is that they provide thermal comfort year-round. The engineering involves raised platforms and small, high windows. The technology is a matter of experimenting with soil mixtures to build strong, earthquake-resistant walls.

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    Jharkand Mud House Report Lokesh

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Kumar Sreerama
    101 views3 pages
    1. This report summarizes the typical mud house construction found in Jharkhand, India. 2. Mud houses have been a standard construction in Jharkhand since the Iron Age, providing insulation from heat and cold. They are built using local materials like mud, grass, bamboo and timber. 3. The science behind mud houses is that they provide thermal comfort year-round. The engineering involves raised platforms and small, high windows. The technology is a matter of experimenting with soil mixtures to build strong, earthquake-resistant walls.

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    1. This report summarizes the typical mud house construction found in Jharkhand, India. 2. Mud houses have been a standard construction in Jharkhand since the Iron Age, providing insulation from heat and cold. They are built using local materials like mud, grass, bamboo and timber. 3. The science behind mud houses is that they provide thermal comfort year-round. The engineering involves raised platforms and small, high windows. The technology is a matter of experimenting with soil mixtures to build strong, earthquake-resistant walls.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    101 views3 pages

    Jharkand Mud House Report Lokesh

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Kumar Sreerama
    1. This report summarizes the typical mud house construction found in Jharkhand, India. 2. Mud houses have been a standard construction in Jharkhand since the Iron Age, providing insulation from heat and cold. They are built using local materials like mud, grass, bamboo and timber. 3. The science behind mud houses is that they provide thermal comfort year-round. The engineering involves raised platforms and small, high windows. The technology is a matter of experimenting with soil mixtures to build strong, earthquake-resistant walls.

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    “Niketh”

    The Housing Chronicles of India


    an initiative of
    Centre for Sustainable Infrastructure and Engineering Systems (CSIES),
    Mahindra École Centrale, Hyderabad, India.

    REPORT
    JHARKHAND MUD HOUSE

    REPORT DATE 14-08-2018


    STATE Jharkhand
    HOUSING TYPE Mud House
    HOUSING SUB-TYPE -

    TEAM DETAILS
    NAME1 U.Lokesh
    UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE Mahindra École Centrale
    NAME2 Namratha Reddy
    UNIVERSITY/COLLEGE Mahindra École Centrale

    NOTE: A minum number of two pages and a maximum of


    five pages can be used for report.
    2Niketh-The housing chronicles of India

    1. Housing Typology

    Figure 1: Typical Jharkhand Mud house

    2. Why have you chosen this typology?


    Since the Iron Age, Jharkhand has been a land of thirty diverse tribes on the Chotanagpur
    plateau. Earlier to British colonization in 1870, Jharkhand had an agrarian society. Huts made
    of mud walls and thatched roofs were the standard construction. Along with a thermally-
    responsive construction, the architecture of Jharkhand also responded to interactive social life
    by creating community courtyards. According to available data, these buildings constituted
    48% of total residential construction until 1960.
    Jharkhand has, as per the 2011 census, 75.9 % of its total population living in rural areas, and
    it is in this context that the development of proper rural architecture is important. With the
    energy crisis deepening, the role of the built environment becomes more significant.
    Jharkhand predominantly has two different styles of vernacular houses: huts and havelis.
    These houses were constructed, without any mechanical means, in such a manner as to create
    micro-climates inside them to provide high thermal comfort levels. Out of these two, mud
    houses have a lot of potential to provide both reasonable living conditions and thermal
    comfort at affordable prices for the rural people if properly dealt with. 30% of the world’s
    total population lived in earthen structures in 1990.
    3. How can you understand the Science, Engineering and Technology behind it?
    Science: Mud-based houses are insulated, so they will be cool in summers and warm in
    winters. It was also claimed that are very healthy because they are but without any chemicals
    integrated with the mixture to cause any allergies, etc.
    Engineering: The houses are often on a raised platform made of trodden earth. The huts
    normally have minimal openings. Often the main door only opening on the external walls.
    Some houses have windows, but they are small and placed high to ventilate the indoors

    |Jharkhand Mud House|


    3Niketh-The housing chronicles of India

    while, at the same time, stand-in as a visual barrier for the private spaces. The small windows
    also help to keep the hot summer sun and cold winter winds out.
    Technology: Building mud houses is more art than science. Learning the accurate mixtures to
    use based on the soil you have available is more a matter of trial and error than calculation,
    and thus requires a certain amount of experimentation.
    The hutments were originally built of mud, grass, sticks, and pebbles. These houses were
    mostly self-built by family members, sometimes supported by neighbours. Customary
    architecture developed its individuality by tapping nearby resources and exploiting them to
    confront problems posed by the local environment [Cooper & Dawson, 1998]. The huts were
    made of local materials. Timber, bamboo, clay, straw, cow dung, and a special variety of
    grass were used to build houses. The walls were made of an unusual type of mud obtained by
    souring earth by adding vegetable waste and leaving it to mature. The decaying waste forms
    tannic acid and other organic colloids, greatly improving the mud’s plasticity [Cooper &
    Dawson, 1998]. This mud was then mixed with cow dung, chopped straw, and gravel or
    stones to make the raw material for the walls. In the Middle East fibrous ingredients like
    straw are used to improve the tensile strength of mud bricks. Mud houses are extremely
    strong if constructed correctly, and proponents of earth houses claim they are resistant to
    earthquakes.
    The walls were formed by applying a thick coat of the mixture on both sides of bamboo mesh
    that wrapped around the posts. Sometimes the mesh was made of wooden logs obtained from
    sal trees that grow in abundance in this region. The walls are approximately 450 mm (18
    inches) thick. The roof rested on nine wooden posts erected in three rows, with three posts
    per row, as shown and purlins that supported the roof structure. The huts usually had a gabled
    thatch roof. Bamboo sticks formed the mullions to support the thatch. The thick thatch used
    as roofing material prevented rain from entering the house and at the same time provided
    insulation to the building. While providing some benefits to the house, thatch had its own
    drawbacks. It tended to house parasites, rodents, and birds. Over time, as an effect of
    industrial hybridization, the thatch in the huts was replaced by sun-dried or burnt clay
    Mangalore tiles that are today more commonly used as roofing material for the huts as has
    been done in the house studied. [Gautam Avinash (2008).]
    4. References:
    1. Cooper Ilay and Dawson Barry (1998), Traditional Buildings of India-Published by
    Thames & Hudson.
    2.Gupta,J. and Chakraborty,M. (2012), Sustainability of Rural Mud Houses in Jharkhand:
    Analysis related to Thermal Comfort, ABACUS, Spring 2012, Volume 7, No. 1 , pp. 56-63.
    (ISSN 0973-8339).
    3. Picture, http://www.indiapersonaltours.fr/tour-inde-rurale.php
    4. Gautam Avinash (2008), Climate Responsive Vernacular Architecture: Jharkhand, India,
    Masters of Science Thesis, Department of Architecture, Kansas State University, Manhattan,
    Kansas.

    |Jharkhand Mud House|

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