Science
Science
Science (from the Latin word scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds
and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.
The earliest roots of science can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3500 to
3000 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and
shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to
explain events of the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman
Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the
early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages but was preserved in the Muslim world during
the Islamic Golden Age. The recovery and assimilation of Greek worksand Islamic inquiries into
Western Europe from the 10th to 13th century revived natural philosophy, which was later
transformed by the Scientific Revolution that began in the 16th century as new ideas and
discoveries departed from previous Greek conceptions and traditions. The scientific method soon
played a greater role in knowledge creation and it was not until the 19th century that many of the
institutional and professional features of science began to take shape.