R.K.

MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1

Work and Energy

tr
8.1. M=rnc +mb =90k9 F
u =6krVh=1.666m,/sec t
v = 12 kny'h = 3.333 m,/sec
u = 1.66 m/sec
u = 1.33 m/sec
I
mg

lncrease tn

1
=-l
,
K.E. =
2
t 9Ox (3.333)2 -*
Lc
! uu' --mu'
2

" ro x (L.66)2 so,

n
w=F.s. a=L=,2,'5, =590*/r'
nv*-,
m 0.015 3
= 499.4 -124.6 0o (acting alcng the same line)
= F.S. cos
=374.8 =375 J 2.5 x 2.5
= = 6.25 J
8.2. Mb =2kg, u =10m,/sec.ra =3 m/sec2,t =5 sec Let the velocity of the body at B = y
V=ll*Qt
=10+3x5
Applyrng work-energy principle !2 ^r'- 0 = 6.25

= 25 m/sec 6'25x2=28.86m,/sec
V=
u -- 10 m/sec
So, time taken to travel A to B.

t =! -u -
(28.86) x 3
c 500
Final K.E. =!2 *u' Average power =y =ffi
-!*2x62s=62sJ -) -+ -) -) -)
8.3. F=100N,
2
S=4m,
Givenrl =2i +3 j,rZ=3i +2 -)j
0=0o
So, displacement vector is given by,
-t -t -+
r =tz_i
-) -) -, + -tj)
=(3i+2j)-(2i
?-?
-. - J

Again, ?=s?*sj
mg
So, workdone =?. St
w =i.3 =5x1+5(-1)=0
=100x 4 m,
=400J
4.7. m2 =2kg, s = 40 a = 0.5 m/sec2

M=5k9, 0=30o, S=10m, F =mS

So, Work done by the force of gravity
a=mgh
=5x9.8x5
=245 J
F = 2.50 N, S=2.5m
I
m = 15 =.015 kg

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
8.2 Work and Energy

So force applied by the man on the box tfl0

,R1
':iiio.r)=1N
2(M +m)g
'= I;t-. (b) Frictional force acting on the smaller block
/ = pR
=40J F mF
Giventhat F =a+bx
=2(M+m)gxmp=" 2(t$+m)
Where a and b are constants. (c)Workdone w=/s, s=d.
So, work done by this force during the displacement mF , mfd vd--
x = 0to x = dis given by 2(M m)
+ 2(M + m)
' w =01, *= t,o * bx)*-L*'2)o
dx= [* n !t-1'
8.11. Weight = 2000 N, S = 20 m, V = 0.2
J.l
o J R

. bd.2
-acl+-2
8.9. m6=2509, 0=37", S=1m

.d 2000N
a'..l ,/ (a)R+Psin0-2000=0 (i)
...
*$Ar' Pcos0-0.2R=0 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), P cos 0 - 0.2 (2000 - P sin 0) = 0
Friaionalforce/=p11 P (cos 0 + 0.2 sin 0) = 469
mg sin 0 =lrR ...(i)
P= ... (iii)
mgcos0=R ...(ii) cos 0 + 0.2 sin 0
So, work done against pR So, work done by the person, l4l = PS cos 0
=p RS sin 0 8000 cos 0
=ms3s cos 0 + 0.2 sin 0
.*
5 8000 4000
=250x9.8*!x1=1.5 1+0.2tan0 5+tan0
5
F O) From minimum magnitude of force from equation
8.1O. (a) a (Slven)
= 2(M + m)'" (i)
R 4(.or0+0.2sin0)=g
dk-
tan 0 = 0.2 putting t}re value in equation (iii)
= 4oooo _ 4oooo =7690 J
w =(5+tan0) 5+tan0
8.12.W = 100 N, s=2m

FIRI

ma

rmg cos o
PrRz
mg
Force, F = mE sin 37"
(a) From fig. (t) mo = [r R1
and Rt = mg =1oox!=6oN
5

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy 8.3

So, work done, when the force is parallel to incline work done w=FScos0
w =FS cos 0 *o2
=60x2xcos0o =-xcl
2
= 120" J
_^o2d
In LABC, ,48 = 2m 2
AC =h 8.16.(a)m=2k9, 0=37", F=20N
= s sin 37o =1.2m From the free body diagram
.'. Work done when the force in horizontal direction
w =mgh
= 100 x 1.2
=120J
8.13.m=500k9, s=25fiI,
ma <- 29 sin 0

F-- F=(4 sin 0) + ma

ma m=50k9---- >v=0 20-20sin0 . a
A=-=4m/SeC'
2
1
mg s=uf+-at2=2m
2
u =72 lunlh = 20 m/sec., v = A (u=0f=1s,o=1.66)
(-o)=ry So, work done
(b)IfW=40J
w = FS = 2O x 2 = 40 J

o=ff=Bm,/sec2 ^w 40
)=-=-=Zm
F20
Frictional force f =ma h = 2 sin 37" =1.2m
= 500x I So,workdone W =-mgh
= 4000 N =-20xL..2=-24J
8.14.m=500k9, (c) v=u+At=4x1=4m,/SeC
u =e So, K.E.=!^u'
v =72limlh = 20 m/sec 2

=!*2x16=16J
2
8.17. m - 2kg, 0=37", F=20N, c=10 m/sec2
(a) f=1sec
---*

-12) - 4oo
o =(r2 %50 = g m/sec2

Force needed to accelerate the car F = rfta

=500x8=400
8.15.Given,v=a
Displacements=d-0=d
Puttingx=Q So.
'2 s=ut +! ai
y1 =Q vz=aJa
uZ -r? ,2d ,2 =5m
"= 2" = 2rl =z work done by the applied force
force F = mo w =FS cos 0o
_^o2 =20x 5
2 =100J

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
8.4 Work and Energy

o) BC(h)=5sin37o loss in P.E. = 117.6 - 0 =717.6 J

=3m =118J
'8.21. h = 40 rr, u = 50 m/sec
Let the speed be !'when it strimethe ground
Applnng law of conservation of energy
+!
^u' =! ^u'
msh
"22
* 1o x 4o * fl), zsoo =! vz
\2) 2
-2agsin0
:+ v2 = 3300
:+ v =57.4 m/sec
So, work done by weight VY = mgh '
2x10x3=60J = 58 m/sec
8.22.t = 1 min 57.56 sec =1L7.56 sec, p = 460 W,
So, frictional force, ;=mgsino
work done by the frictional forces w = Is cos 0o
s=200m
w
= (mg sin 0) s P=T
=20x 0.60x 5=-60J work w = pt
8.18. Given, m = 250 grn = 0.250 kg
=460x 717.56 J
u = 40 cmlsec = 0.4 m/sec, F = 0.1, v =Q
Here, pR = mc (where, a deceleration)
Again, W =FS

6 =(yt, R/m) = Qtmg/m) =pg = ^w

t=T
= 0.1 x 9.8 _460x 117.56
= 0.98 m/s2 200
u2 -r,2 =27O.3N=270N
t=-i-=0.082m=8.2cm r sec,
8.23.S=100m, = 10.54 m = 50 kg
Again, work done against friction is given by The motion can be assumed to be uniform because
-w =lr R.S cos 0 acceleration is minimum.
082x 1 (a)SPeed ,=9= 9.487m/s
:1;H; t
+ w=-0.02J so, K.E. =
1*u,
8.19.h=50r1, m=1.8x 10s kg, P=100watt
=2250 J
P.E. = mgh
O) Weight = mg = 490 J
=1.8x10sx9.8x50
Given, n =910 =49 J
=882x 10s J
Because, half the potential enerSty is converted into So, work done against resistance
electricity, Wr =-Rs
= -49x 100
Electrical energy
"2I ,.t. = 44L x los J/hr
:} wFf =-4900J
So, power in watt (J/sec) is given by (c) To maintain her uniform speed, she has to exert
=(44Lx 10s)/(3600) 49OA J of energy to overcome friction.
...number of 100 W lamps, that can be lit P=Y
t
441 x 10s
=122.5 =122 = 4900/10.54 = 465W
3600 x 100
8.24.h = L0 m
8.2O.m=6 h=2m
flow rate =[g) 30 kglmin = 0.5 kglsec
P.E. at a height h = mgh = 6 x (9.8) x 2 \r/ =
= 117.6 J
P.E. at floor = 0 Power P =wh
t

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy 8.5

:+ v=3.5x746x 3 =8.2mlsec
:li?.e8x10 9s0
Because, the scooter can reach a maximum of 8.2
So, horse power (h, il = * m,/sec while producing,a force of 950/3 N, the
specification given are some what over claimed.
=(9=
6.6 x to-2 hp
8.28. Given m = 30 kg, , = 40 cmlsec = 0.4 m/seg
\z+a1
8.25. m =2009 =0.2k9, h =150crn =1.5m
s=2m
From the free body diagram, the force given by the
v=3m,/sec, f =1sec chain is
Total work don
7 't
e=- mY- + mgn F -(ma-mg)
=m(a-g)
=f1.). (0.2) x e + (o.2)(e.8) x (1.5)
[where c = acceleration of the block]
\2)
= 3.84 J
u2 -r2 16
2s -4
h. n. used = = (5.14) x 10-3
'74 Y =.04 m,/sec2
8.26.m=2000k9, s=12m, t=Lmin=60sec

i'n
So, work done = w = Fs cos 0
mg
=m(4-g)scos0o
So, work = = cos 0
147 f = 30 (.04 - 9.8) x 2
= m8s cos 0o
=-30x(9.76)x2
=2000x10x12 = - 585.6
= 240000 J =-586J
So,Power=P=I So, W =-586J
t 8.29. Given, T=16N
24oooo
- = 4ooowatt From the free body diagrams
60

' =lgqq
h. o.
746
= 5.3 hp

a.27. The specification given by the company are (At word

u =Q m = 95 kg, Pm =3.5hp machine)
Vm = 60 km,/hr = !9 m/sec

tm =5sec
So, the maximum acceleration
gven by
that can be produced is I
ma
50102
a=-=-mlsec-
3x 5 3
So, the driving force is given by
950
F =tne= 95 x f4.) = Nwill be
\.3/ 3

v=L
F

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
8.6 Work and Energy

T -2mg + 2ma=O ...(i) x 9.8

=U=7
10 ,n
T -mg -fic=0 ... (ii) 10
From, equation (i) and (ii) T = 4 mo Net mass 'm' = fftl - tn2

+ o= T =!m/s2 =3_2=1kg
4mm So, decrease in P.E. = mgh
Now.
'2 s =ut +! at2 1x 9.8 -(L\9.8=67.2J =6T J
( 10/
=(i),.4/mxL 8.31. q =4k9, mz =Lkg, VZ =0.3 m,/sec

(z\lm VL=2x(0.3)=0.6m,/sec
=l- (\ =2xz m this system)
Im/ h = 1 m = height distance travelled by 1 kg block
Netmass =2n-m=m s = 2 x 1 = 2 m = distance travelled by 4 kg block
Decrease in P.E. = mgh U =0
-mxs'f3'l
\m/
= 9.8 x 2=19,6 J
8.3O. Given m1 = 3 kB, m2 = 2kg, t = during 4th sec.

,U,G-J
From the free body diagram,

(At wood
machine)

Applyrng, change in KE. = work done (for the

system)

3a
I (i)^,f .(l)^,"2 = (- pR) s + m2gh

[R=49=40}'l-J

= ), +* (0.36) *f," tx (0.0e)

=-p 4Ax2+l x 40x 1

+ O.72+0.045=-80p+10
u =9'235 = 0.12
'80
8.32. Given,m =1008 =0.1 kg, v =5m/sec, r=10crn
t
2a
Work done by the block = total energy at A - total
energy at B
T-39+34=0 ...(i)
f -24 -?a=O ... (ii) =(t ^u' + msh - o)
Equating (i) and (ii), we get,
3g-3a=24+2a + W =rx (0.1) x 25 + (0. 1)x1.0x(0.2)

:=1 a=L m/s2 th =2x = 0.2 ml

5
=L.25 + 0.2
Distance ravelled in 4th sec. is given by
=7,45 J
s4,h =
itu -tl So, the work done by the tube on the body is
Wt =L'45 J
(g)
8.33. m=1400k9, v =S4kmlh=15m/sec. h =10m
9,rx 4-r) Work done = (total K.E.) -total P.E.

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy
8.7
/t) ,
_t_lmy- _mgh- After point B the body exhibits projectile motion for
\zt which
1
=-2 x 1000x (1S)2 - 1400x 9.8x 10 0=0
.lr = _ 0.5
= + 157500 -197200 so, - 0.5 = (u sin o) t(*)o,
= 20300 J
So, the work done against friction, Wr = 20300 J + O.5=4.9xt2
8.34. m=2009=0.2kg, s =10m,
= t=0.31 sec
h =3,2m, 8 = 10 m/sec2 So, x=(ycos0)t
(a) Work done W = mgh
=3.1x0.31 =1m
=0.2x10x3.2 So, the particle will hit the ground at a horizontal
(b) Work done to slide the block up the incline distance in from B.
W=(mgsin0)s 8.37.mg =10N, F=O.Z H=1m, u=v=0
= (0.2) x 1o x f!!)
\ 10/
, 1o = 6.4 J A

(c) Let the velocity be v when falls on the ground

vertically
1
-:tnv2
,r1
2
-o=6.4J
=) y=Bm,/SeC
(d) Let v be the velocity when reached the ground by
sliding
1 Change in P.E. = work done increase in K.E.
--,tny2 -o=6.4J
2 + w=mgh=10x1=10J
y = 8 m,/sec Again on the horizontal surface the frictional surface
= the friction force
8.35.1=10m, h=8m, mg=200N
F=PR-pmg=10x1=10mg
F=2oorfa)=6oN S, the K.E. is used to overcome friction
1. 10,
(a) Work done by the ladder on the boy is zero.
When the boy is going up because the work is done by
= s=Y
F

the boy himself. =19J=5r-,

(b) Work done against frictional force,
8.38. Let'dC be the length of an element at distance x from
W =lt RS =l the table mass of 'dt' length = (m/l) dr work done to
=(-60)x10=600J put back on the table
(c) Work done by the force inside the boy is
W6 = (mg sin 0) x 10
,,=(T) dx s @)

=2oox[9.r0) 2i3
\.10 )
= 1600 J
8.36.H=1m, h=0.5m
Applyrng law of conservation of Energy for point A
and B

mgH=!mv 2 +mgh
] rr"
So, total work done to put back on the table
=0.58 7/3t \
+
'-[;)v2
v2 =2G*o.sg)=g
w=![fj**
u= Ji 3.1 m,/s

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and EnergY
8.8
Total energy just after the blow

'=(+)'[+],' E =!22mv2 *! **' ...(i)

Total energy at a height h

-^gt2
181 r=!k1n-x)2 -mgh
2
I
=mg on, solving we can get, h =O 2m=20cm
18 k = 100 = 100 N/m
8,42.m=250g=0.25k9,
8.39. Let x length of chain is on the table at a particular
x=10cm=.1 m, 8 = 10 m/sec2, h =?
instant
So, work done by friaion on a small element'd/ Applyrng law of ener8,Y, !bc2 =msh
2
dw1 =1t Rx

=* (T * o) [*n"" a* =] a*) E
dx
2i3
,',rl

't12\
= 1=11-
zl^s 1

Total work done bY friction,

)
o1 100 x 0.01
w1- u\o*
I
=
r;(orso) * 10
a,/g
=0.2m
=20cm
w, =r,+,1*)"," 8,43.m=2k, St =4.8m, x =20cm =o'2m

m la'1 St = 1 m, sin 37o = O,UO =:

=[,TrLrr]
0 =37o,cos 37o = O'g0 = 1
5

= 10 m,/sec2
8.4O.Given, m=1k8, H=1m, h=0.8m Applying work energy principle for downward motion
Here, word done by friaion =change in P'E' of the bodY
[as the bodY comes to rest]
Wt =mgh - mgH
=1x10(0.8-1)
=-1x 10x (0.2) =-2J
8.41.m=5k9, x=10cm=0.1 m
v =2m,/seg h =?, 8 = 10 m,/sec2
mg
So, h =ry-=# = 5oo wm
- 0 = mg sin 37'(x+ 4.8) - PR x
n-,.fT 0

20x (0.06)x 5 -P x 20x (0'80) x 5

'-l*'
-Lkrc.z)2 =o

EI
2

=) 60-80P -0'02k=0
3 80m+0.02k=60 "'(i)

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy
8.9
Similarly for the upward motion of the body the
equation is lx,+k2l
0 -0 = (- mg sin 37") xpR x 1 * Zl,
fie
= 20x (0.06)r 1-p x 20x (0.80)x 1 2 =]kr*'*14*'
1*u' 2' 2

,!k(o.z)2 =o ^u2
+ 12-76p+0.02Ic=0 u2
m
Adding equation (i) and equation (ii), we get
961t = 49 = ,=*{-;-E +k"

= F =o'5 8.47. Let the compression be x

Now putting the value of p in equation (i) (a) According to law of conservation of energy
k = 1000 N,/m
7 t 1.,
22 =-kx-
4.44. Let the velocity of the body atA be v So, the velocity of -mv-
the body at B is 1. Energy at point A = Energy at point

B.

+ ,2 -mv2
k

,=,
1(t7
m
*^'o'-(i)*'; =72 lo' (b) No, it will be in the opposite direction and
magnitude will be less due to loss in spring.
Lw, =f,^ rvl -vit 8.48. m=100g=0.1kg
2
x=5cm=0.05m
kxz =^(u'-") 4] k = 100 N/m
[ when the body leaves the spring, let the velocity be v
(4v2 -v2)' 1 r 1.,
k2 22 =-lcx-
-mv-
-
=fl7
4
, 3mv2
ft=- = u=*-E=(0.05),
m @
4x2
V I(0.1)
8.45. Mass of the body = 72 = 1.58 m,/sec
For the projectile motion, 0 = 0o, ! =- 2
Now, y =(u,sin 0) t -f,U'
-2=(-i),,r.',,,,
+ C=0.63sec
So, x=(ucos0)r
L€t the elongation be x =(1.58)x(0.63)=1m
so,
'2 l:o'=^g* 8.49. tet the velocity of the body at A is !' for minimum
velocity given at A velocity of the body at point B is
+ x =2mg/k zero.
8.46. The body is displaced x to towards right Applyrng law of conservation of energy atA and B.
L€t the velocity of the body be v at its mean position 1
Applyrng law of conservation of energy =2 my2 =mgh

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 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and EnergY
8.10
coso=t-X
40x 0'4-0'32x 10
- n lch -mg ----4OxO/
or coSU= -O.t
k
(ii)
Putting the value of 0 in equation
0.32x10x 0.4x 0.75 =oi.gzu' *lrx 40x (o'4i)2
(1.2s - 1)2

:+ 0.96= O.32v2 +O'2

1

2
mu2 =mg (?I) ) 0.32v2 =0.72
y = 1.5 m/sec
= =J@D =2@ v =
k=40N/m 8.51. e =37o, I = hnatural length
8.5O. m=3209= 0.32 kg,
g =10 m/sec2 I€t the velocitY be !'
h=40cm= 0.4 m,

From the free bodY diagram,

kxcos0=m8 cos 37o =# =o.t =
t
(when the block breaks of R = 0)
sh
i cos0=mg/b
0.4 = 3.2
Ac =( * x)=7
0.4 + x 40x APPlYrng work energY PrinciPle'
]r6x =3.2x + 1.28 \ to' =! *u'
x=0.1 m 22
So,s=A-El= &* x)2 -h2 = Iosl' - (0.4)2 ? y =2c/@ffi
=0.3m =\wa
L,et the velocity of the body
at B be v to cross the height
8.52. The minimum velocity required
it in K.E. = worl( done (for the system) pointc =J2gl.
"ng"
(-!
z') -! toz * *s,
* 1 ,rrl = iet tt e rod released from a height h'
[r"'-
^u,
(
2
Total energY at A = total energY
at B
^ l). oo x (1.0)2(0.32) x + 1o
= (0.32)xvo=-[;l^ msh =1^u'
x(0.3)
v=1.5m/sec mgh =!^ Q st)
= figure Al = h (sec 0 - 1) "'(i) B such that the
irorn tt (Because v is the required.t"t:tiY-it
"
From the energy conservation Refer Q = 49)
block mass a compleie circle'
*t ='1,.rr'l) *!xN,
__-_"1-1
2 So, h =l
8.53. (a) L€t the velocitY atBbev2
mgs tan o =mv2 *r*'(sec
o - 1)2 "'(ii)
*uzz *
=! ^gl
of f,.^ur'
From the law of motion at break
m {ro 8D =l,mv22 + mgt
mg = kh (sec 0 - 1') cos 0 - t
1-cos g=H
= vz2 =8gl

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Work and Energy 8.{l
^AC
cosu=- AC=ABcos0
AB =
= (0.5) x (0.9) = Q.{
So, 62 = (0.5) - (0.4) = (0.1) m
Energy altD = energy at B

mg :1 mv2 =mg (CD)

2
T v2 =2x 10 x (0.1) = 2
So, the tension is given by,
mvf ,
TLq*# r =u!- + ms -(0.1) (*
8.55.Given, N=mg
+ ro)= r.+ r,r

lms \ As shown in the figure , 7R =

^u2 ^g
So, the tension in the string at horizontal position
881
T =mvt =, = 8 ms
Rt"
(b) fet the velocity at C be v3 A
7c1r + y2 =gR ... (i)
i^ut' =- mvz' + mgl Total energy at point A = energlr at P
:+ I m (10 rD =!rmv22 + mgl w' =*
I22 + mgR
2 ^r'
vz2 =881 *2 _mgR + 2mgR (because, v2 = gR)
So, the tension in the string at horizontal position k
'-1 x2 =3 mgR/k
r=^!^'=,n.qd=gmg x=J@/k
Ri
(c) Let the velocity at C be v3 8.56. v = Jist
1r 7t
l^ur' =i,^,r' + mg 2t -2 mv' - 2*u- --mgh
+ f,^rcd=;mvsz +2mgl :) vs2 =6gl v2 =u2 -2g (l + I cos 0) ...(i)

So, the tension in the string is given by

' mv2
,,R
Ts =ri- rns = 5 mg
(d) Let the velocity at point D be va ,=04
T=0
Again,
i.^rr' =! ^uo'+ mgl + cos 60.)
(1
u=3gl
:+ '*r2
mvo2 =7 g7
Again, =mgcos0
So, the tension in the string is I
,o =*- ms cos 6o0= m
gP 0.5 mg
v2 =lg cos0
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
=7 mg - 0.5 mg = 6.5 mg 3Sl - 2gl - fgl cos g = gl cos 0
8.54. From the figure, 3cos0=1
o = cos-l (i)= *,-' (-:)
0.5m 8.57.L=1.5m, u = J57 m,/sec
(a) mg cos g =
mY2
L
y2 =,Lg cos 0
change in K.E. : work done

Prepared By R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI

 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
8.12
Work and EnergY

mv2

,=04 T=0 m

m
At point C, the string will bgcome slack and so the
particle will start making projectile motion.
!*r'
22 -l*u' =mph Apply law of conservation

= u2 - 57 = - 2x 1.5 g (1 + cos o) ...(ii) (i)^" : - o = m8 (i),, - cos cr)

+ v2=57-3s(1+cos0) Oecause, the distance between A and Q in the

Putting the value of v from equation (i) vertical direction is !-. = 1f - cos cr)
2
15cos0=57-3SG+cos0)
L5cos0=57-30-30cos0 :> Vr2 = gL (1 - cos cr) ...(i)
= Again, from the free body diagram (fig. 3.)
+ coso=9
5
"" c
^u-2 = m.g cos o .'.(ii) (because, Ic =0)
+ g=cos-l 9=53" L/2 . mv2
5
From equation, (i) and equation (ii), T Gol
y = /57 - 3g (1 + cos e) from equation (i)
8I (1 - cos a)'2= 4 to'o I
=J6=3mlsec.
(c) As the string become slack at point B, the particle a
will start making projectile motion. -2 I
u2 sin2 o
H =oF + DC =1.5 cos, * 3
rcoscr=1
u = 2 I
mg
gi rot?' ...(iii)
' I5 *
=(1.s)' 2x10
=1.2 m - .o, o =[3)
\31
8.58. (a) When the bob has an initial height less than the To find highest position C1 before the string becomes
peg and the released from rest (fig. 1), let body travels slack.
fromA BF=L*!coso
O ),
L L 2 -(1 1\
=-4-x-=Ll-+-l
223[23)
so.
' BF =f!!')
\6i
(c) If the particle has to complete a veftical circle, at
the point C.
*u-2
m ms ...(i)
A = Total enerry at B
L-x =
--:-
Since, Total energy at
Again, applying energy principle between A and C.
(KE)a +(PE)n =(I(E)a +(PE)g
+ (PE)e =(PE)a because (KE)e = (I(E)s = 0 (i)**, -s=72g (oc)
So, the maximum height reached by the bob is equal
(2x -L)
to initial height.
(b) When the pendulum is released with 0 * 90'and
= (t)**, =ms {L -2(L-x)} = ms

*= 2) the path of the particle is shown in the + v"2 =4 Qx -L) ... (ii)
f,,(Fis. From equation (i) and equation (ii),
fre.2.
g{L-x)=4Q)c-L)

Prepared By R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI

 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy 8.13

= L-x=4x-21, y2 =4g cos 0 ...(i)

5x=31
=
= .r: Again, (i)^* =msR(cos 3oo - cos o)
= --j-o.e
[5
8.59.
So, the rates (x/L) should be 0.6.
Let the velocity be y when the body leaves the surface.
+ v2 =2Rst+ .* r) ...(ii)

From t}re free body diagram. From equation (i) and equation (ii),
m'2
R
tu1 coso=2(8t* .ore]
-=mgcoso[Because normal reaction] mv2
y2 =4g cos 0 ...(i) R

= 3cos0=v5
+ .ore=;f
Again, from work energy principle change ln
K.E. = work done
or 0 = cos-l :1
Js
= tr*u'-0=mg(R-Rcos0)
2
So, the distance travelled by the particle before
leaving contact,
= v2 =2gR (1 - cos 0) ...(ii)
mv2
From (i) and (ii)
R
Rgcos0=kR(1 -cos0)
3gRcos0=ZSR
.)
COSU=-
3
g= aor-' l,?)
t.3/
8.60. (a) When the panicle is released from rest (fig. 1) the
centrifugal force is zero.
N force = mg cos 0 r=n(e-r'l
\. 6/
," = (;)]
= mg cos 30o [o".uur.
=f,, I
Putting the value of Q we get
8.61. (a) Radius = R
t =,0.43 R

Horizontal speed = v
From the free body diagram, (Fig. 1)

N = Normal force = -^"

^n"R
(b) When the particle is given maximum velocity so
that the centifugal force balances the weight, the
(b) When the particle leaves contact with the surface partide does not slip on the sphere.
(Fig.2)N=0 *u2
^ *r2 = R
So, = mg cos 0
-- 3 , =,'.Ef

Prepared By R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI

 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
8.14 Work and Energy

(c) If the body is given velocityvl at the top such tlat, So, total work done = mg U sin 0 + R (1 - cos 0)l
mv2 Now, change in K.E. = work done
R 1.>
= i.*ur" = mg Ll sin o + R (1 - cos o)l
= v2=@
(b) When the block is projected at a speed 2vp
Let the velocity at C will be v6

,2 tr
Applyrng energy principle,
mv?
R
..v1 z _8R
,4
Let the velocity be u2 when it leaves contact with the
surface, (fic,.z)
mv2
R
(i),,,' -[1)", (bilz
- - mg [l sin 0 + R (1 - cos 0)]
= v2 - 4vo2 -2s tt sin o + R (1 - cos o)l
= 4.2 g il sir q + R (1 - cos 0)l
-2Sllsin0+R(1-cos0)l
So, force acting on the body,

So, += mg cos o
- N. =v'R=6ms,[1)rt,
- 'L[n/ e + r -cos e'l ]
+ v22 =Rg cos 0 ...(i) (c) Let the loose contact after making an angle 0

Again, (t)*'f -(i)^": = msR (1 - cos o) ry'-=mgcos0

+ vz2 =ur2 + fuR (1 - cos 0) ...(ii) 3 v2 =Rg cos 0 ...(i)
From equation (i) and equation (ii), Again, I m8 (R - R cos 0)
(g cos, =(T)+ tuR (1 - cos o)
i,^u' =
+ u2 =28 R (1 - cos 0) ...(ii)

+ coso=(!*r-zcose)
-----)
[+'- From (i) and (ii), cos 0 = ?

=) g.ore=[2'] = e =.or-' [?')

(4i \3i
8.63. Let us consider a small element which makes angle
= e =.or-' [9)
\.4,1 'd0'at the centre.
8.62. (a) Net force on the particle A and B, F = mg sin 0 dm=p(f)*'
work done to reach B,W = FS = mg sin 0l
(a) Gravitational potential energy of 'dm' with respect
to centre of the sphere

Again, work done to reach B to C = mgh

= mgR (1 - cos 0)

Prepared By R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI

 R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI-1
Work and Energy 8.15

=(dm)gRcos0 experience the tangential inertia ror..

[,,
(#) *a
=[ry')R2 cosodo
\r/
L/R centritugal force From the free body diagram.
r-
^2 [+)
Total G.p.E. =
J .S ses 9 4 6

=rl')
In]
+\ril,,
!l
_mR2g rsin
L
_mRzs ri,
_, [,
.__- ol

f!)
=
L_ Rl
N/
)Y, mg
I (R, dv
m7=mccos0+mgsin0
(b) When the chain is released from rest and slides dt
down through an angle 0 the K.E. of the chain is given
by K.E. = Change in potential energy.
+ *, # =ma."ore(n
#). *',r t(^ f;)
=*'"(*) -t*cosodo [o."uur.r=R*]
(. dt)
=*['" -'i' . e vdv =aR cos0.d0 +gR sin 0 d0
(*) + sin o
{e *}]
(c) Since, K.E.= 1
2^u2 =*["
L L [1]l
\R/l
Taking derivative of both sides with respect to f
[])" r, !!dt=I's
r ["o, e- - "or|., - !) 4l
do
\2) L dt \ n/ dc_l

[" - Al dv 4l-, l)]

\. . R))
L * dtl
L dt)dt=R2s
e -.or[e
Integrating both sides, we get
l.b".r*"v =Rro=* 4')
I drl *=*sino-gRcoso+c
2
. dv=I9["oro-cosfr.l)l Giventhatat 0=Q y=Q So,C=gR
dt -T L'"" " - R))
when the chain starts sliding down, 0 = 0
+ l=*sino-gRcoso+gR
dt= r i,L *,fl)l
dv R8 + v2 =2R(asin 0+g
_ -g cosg)
\R/l :+ v =l?R(c sin 0 +g -g cos0)]1/2
8.fl. ,a,
kt the sphere move towards left with an acceleration o
Iet m = mass of the particle
The partide 'm'will also experience the inertia due to
acceleration 'c' as it is in the sphere. It will also

Prepared By R.K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES , RANCHI