3.

How many liters of H2 are created from the

reaction of 20.0g K?
Unsana, Marifer Rose A.
K + H2O KOH + H2
General Chemistry Calculation/TOPICS 2
2K + 2H2O 2KOH + H2
1. How many moles of HCl are needed to react
with 0.87 moles of Al? Solution:
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
Al + HCl AlCl3 + H2 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐾 = 20.0𝑔 𝐾 ( )
39𝑔 𝐾
= 0.513 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
2Al + 6HCl 2AlCl3 + H2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐻2 = 0.513 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾 ( )
Solution: 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐾
3 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0.266 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐻𝐶𝑙 = 0.87 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑙 ( )
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝐴𝑙
= 2. 6 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝐻2
22 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
= 0.266 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 ( )
2. How many grams of Al can be created 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2
decomposing 9.8g of Al2O3? = 5.75𝐿 𝐻2

Al2O3 Al2 + O3 4. How many liters of SO2 will be produced

2Al2O3 4Al2 + 3O2 from 26.9L O2?

Solution: S2 + O2 SO2
S2 + 2O2 2SO2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3 = 9.8 𝑔𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3 ( )
102 𝑔 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3 Solution:
= 0.096 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑂2 = 26.9 𝐿 𝑂2 ( )
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙 22.4 𝐿 𝑂2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴𝑙 = 0.096 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3 ( ) = 1.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3
= 0.19 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑆𝑂2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑆𝑂2 = 1.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2 ( )
27 𝑔 𝐴𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2
𝑊𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑙 = 0.19 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙 ( ) = 1.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑆𝑂2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑙
= 5.13 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑆𝑂2
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑆𝑂2 22.4𝐿 𝑆𝑂2
= 1.20 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2 ( )( )
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑂2 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑆𝑂2
= 26.9𝐿 𝑆𝑂2
 5. The vapor pressure of liquid A (mole weight 9.12 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟
𝜋= 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0.0120 𝑎𝑡𝑚
120) is 70.0 torr at 25.0°C. What is the vapor 760
pressure of a solution containing 10.0 g 𝑎𝑡𝑚
C6H4C12 in 30.0 g of A? 𝜋 0.0120
𝑚= =
(0.0821)(𝑇) (0.0821)(298)
Solution: 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑃
= 4.90 𝑥 10−4
30 𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝐻2 𝑂
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐴 = 𝑔 = 0.250 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
120 1.35 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑀= = 2 755
4.90 𝑥 10 −4 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
10 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐶6 𝐻4 𝐶12 = 𝑔 = 0.0680 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
147 8. Assuming the CO2 partial pressure in air
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒
above a lake at sea level is 4.0 x 10-4 atm,
0.250 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 what is the equilibrium concentration of
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐴 =
(0.250 + 0.0680) 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 CO2 in the lake at 25oC? (Henry’s law
= 0.786 constant is 32 L . atm / mole)
𝑃 = 0.786(70 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟) = 55 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑟
Solution:
6. The freezing point of a solution that contains
1.00 g of a compound (Y) in 10.0 g of 𝑃𝐶𝑂2 = 𝐾𝐶𝑂2 𝐶𝐶𝑂2
benzene (B) is found to be 2.07°C. Calculate
𝑃𝐶𝑂2
the mole weight of Y. 𝐶𝐶𝑂2 =
𝐾𝐶𝑂2
Solution:
4.0𝑥10−4 𝑎𝑡𝑚 −5
𝑚𝑜𝑙
∆Tf = 5.48° - 2.07° = 3.41°C 𝐶𝐶𝑂2 = 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 1.2 𝑥 10
32 𝐿 − 𝑙
∆𝑇𝑓 3.41 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑌 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑚= = = 0.666
𝐾𝑟 5.12 𝑘𝑔 𝐵 9. A cocktail was prepared by mixing 20.0g
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑌 ethanol to 150 g water at 25oC. Pure water
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑌 has a vapor pressure of 23.76 torr. What
= (0.666 ) (0.0100 𝑘𝑔 𝐵) would be the new vapor pressure?
𝑘𝑔 𝐵
= 6.66 𝑥 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑌 Solution:
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑌
1.00 𝑔 𝑌 𝑃 = % 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑃⁰
=
6.66 𝑥 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑌
𝑔
= 150.15 20 𝑔 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝐸𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = ( 𝑔 ) = 0.44 𝑚𝑜𝑙
40
7. The osmotic pressure at 25.0°C of a solution 𝑚𝑜𝑙
containing 1.35 g of a protein (P) per 100 g
of water is found to be 9.12 torr. Estimate 150 𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
the mole weight of the protein. 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 = ( 𝑔 ) = 9.4 𝑚𝑜𝑙
16
𝑚𝑜𝑙
Solution:
9.4
% 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡 = = 0.96
(9.4 + 0.44)
 P = 0.96 * 23.76 mm Hg = 23 mm Hg 12. What is the molarity of a solution of HNO3
that contains 12.6 g of solute in 5.00 L of
solution?

10. 10 grams of salt (NaCl) is added to 100 mL of Solution:

water. What are the new freezing and
boiling points? (Kb = .51 oC kg/mol, Kf = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
.1.86 oC kg/mol) 𝑀=
𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝐿 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 𝑀 = 12.6 𝑔 ( ) ( ) = 0.0393
𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 64 𝑔 5 𝐿 𝑙
10 𝑔
( ) 13. A 0.750 L aqueous solution contains 90.0 g of
58.5 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑀𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 = = 1.7 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝑘𝑔 ethanol, C2H5OH. Calculate the molar
(0.10 𝑘𝑔 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟)
concentration of the solution in mol·L-1.
𝑇𝑏 = 𝑇𝑜𝑏 + 𝐾𝑏𝑀𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑀=
𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑇𝑏 = 100 + (0.51𝑥1.7𝑥2) = 102⁰𝐶
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 1
𝑇𝑓 = 𝑇𝑓 − 𝐾𝑏,𝑚𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒 𝑀 = 90 𝑔 ( )( )
46.1 𝑔 0.759 𝐿
𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝑇𝑓 = 0 − (1.86𝑥1.7𝑥2) = 2.60
𝑙
𝑇𝑓 = −6.3⁰𝐶

11. Calculate the pressure needed to prevent 14. The mass density of water at 25⁰C is 0.975 g
osmosis when 10.0 g CaCl2 is added to 100 per mL. a child’s swimming pool holds 346L
mL of water? of water at this temperature. What mass of
water is in the pool?
1 𝑔 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 = = 0.00900 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2
111 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 Solution:

0.00900 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 1 000 𝑚𝑙 0.975 𝑔

𝑀= = 0.900 𝑀 𝐶𝑎𝐶𝑙2 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 = 346 𝐿 ( )( )
0.100 𝐿 1𝐿 𝑚𝑙
= 3.37𝑥105 𝑔
𝜋 = 𝑖𝑀𝑅𝑇

𝜋 = (3)(0.0900)(0.08206)(298)
= 6.60 𝑎𝑡𝑚
 15. What is the molarity of a solution containing 18. What is the volume of a 0.2 M AgNO3
72.06 grams of BaCl2 in enough water to solution containing 8.5 grams of AgNO3?
make 800 mL of solution?
8.5 𝑔 𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂3
3( )
170 𝑔 𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂3
Solution: 0.2 𝑀 𝐴𝑔𝑁𝑂3 =
𝑋
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑒
𝑀= 𝑋 = 0.25 𝐿
𝐿 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
19. What is the volume of a 0.1 M HCl solution
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2
72.06 𝑔 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2 ( ) containing 1.46 grams of HCl?
207 𝑔 𝐵𝑎𝐶𝑙2
𝑀=
1𝐿
800𝑚𝑙 ( ) 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻𝐶𝑙
1 000𝑚𝑙 1.46 𝑔 𝐻𝐶𝑙( )
36 𝑔 𝐻𝐶𝑙
0.1𝑀 =
𝑀 = 0.435𝑀 𝑋

16. How many grams of NaCl are required to 𝑋 = 0.400 𝐿

prepare 100 mL of a solution of 1 M NaCl?
20. How many grams of HNO3 are required to
prepare 500 mL of a 0.601 M HNO3
Solution:
solution?
𝑋
( ) 𝑋
58 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙 (63)
1 𝑀 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙 = 0.601 𝑀 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 =
1𝐿 1𝐿
100 𝑚𝑙( ) 500 𝑚𝑙( )
1 000 𝑚𝑙 1 000 𝑚𝑙
𝑋 = 5.8 𝑔 𝑁𝑎𝐶𝑙

17. How many grams of KMnO4 are required to

𝑋 = 18. 9315 𝑔 𝐻𝑁𝑂3
prepare 1.0 L of a solution of 1.5 M KMNO4?

Solution:

𝑋
( )
158 𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙
1.5 𝑀 𝐾𝑀𝑁𝑂4 =
1𝐿

𝑋 = 237 𝑔 𝐾𝑀𝑁𝑂4