Metode Galerkin

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Matematika Rekayasa Struktur

Metode Galerkin

P0

A 1,5 EI B

L
Mencari persamaan lendutan dengan metode Galerkin:

Bentuk fungsi residu:

𝐸𝑛 = 𝐴(𝑢𝑛 ) − 𝑓 = 0

𝑑4 𝑤
1,5 𝐸𝐼 −𝑞 =0
𝑑𝑥 4
𝑑4 𝑤 𝑃0 (𝐿 − 𝑥)
1,5 𝐸𝐼 − 𝑤(𝑥) = 0
𝑑𝑥 4 𝐿
𝐿 𝑑4 𝑤
𝑐𝑖𝑗 = 1,5 𝐸𝐼 ∫0 𝜙𝑖 ( ) 𝜙𝑗 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 4
P0
𝐿
𝑃0 (𝐿 − 𝑥)
𝑏𝑖 = ∫ 𝜙𝑖 𝑤(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐿 A 1,5 EI B
0

L
Kondisi Batas

𝑤(0) = 0 𝑤(𝐿) = 0
𝑑𝑤 𝑑2 𝑤
𝑑𝑥
=0 𝑑𝑥 2
=0

𝑤(𝑥) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎3 𝑥 3 + 𝑎4 𝑥 4 + 𝑎5 𝑥 5 (1)
𝑑𝑤
𝑑𝑥
= 0 + 𝑎1 + 2𝑎2 𝑥 + 3𝑎3 𝑥 2 + 4𝑎4 𝑥 3 + 5𝑎5 𝑥 4

𝑑2 𝑤
𝑑𝑥 2
= 0 + 0 + 2𝑎2 + 6𝑎3 𝑥 + 12𝑎4 𝑥 2 + 20𝑎5 𝑥 3

𝑤(0) → 𝑎0 = 0 (2)
𝑑𝑤
(0) → 𝑎1 = 0 (3)
𝑑𝑥
𝑤(𝐿) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝐿 + 𝑎2 𝐿2 + 𝑎3 𝐿3 + 𝑎4 𝐿4 + 𝑎5 𝐿5 = 0

0 + 0𝐿 + 𝑎2 𝐿2 + 𝑎3 𝐿3 + 𝑎4 𝐿4 + 𝑎5 𝐿5 = 0

𝑎2 𝐿2 + 𝑎3 𝐿3 + 𝑎4 𝐿4 + 𝑎5 𝐿5 =0

𝑎2 𝐿2 + 𝑎3 𝐿3 + 𝑎4 𝐿4 + 𝑎5 𝐿5 =0
dibagi L2
𝑎2 + 𝑎3 𝐿 + 𝑎4 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝐿3 =0
𝑎2 = −𝑎3 𝐿 − 𝑎4 𝐿2 − 𝑎5 𝐿3 (4)

𝑑2 𝑤
𝑑𝑥 2
(𝐿) = 0 + 0 + 2𝑎2 + 6𝑎3 𝐿 + 12𝑎4 𝐿2 + 20𝑎5 𝐿3 =0

2𝑎2 + 6𝑎3 𝐿 + 12𝑎4 𝐿2 + 20𝑎5 𝐿3 =0 (5)

Mensubsitusikan persamaan (4) ke persamaan (5)

2(−𝑎3 𝐿 − 𝑎4 𝐿2 − 𝑎5 𝐿3 ) + 6𝑎3 𝐿 + 12𝑎4 𝐿2 + 20𝑎5 𝐿3 =0

−2𝑎3 𝐿 − 2𝑎4 𝐿2 − 2𝑎5 𝐿3 + 6𝑎3 𝐿 + 12𝑎4 𝐿2 + 20𝑎5 𝐿3 = 0

4𝑎3 𝐿 + 10𝑎4 𝐿2 + 18𝑎5 𝐿3 =0


dibagi L
2
4𝑎3 + 10𝑎4 𝐿 + 18𝑎5 𝐿 =0

4𝑎3 = −10𝑎4 𝐿 − 18𝑎5 𝐿2


5 9
𝑎3 = − 𝑎4 𝐿 − 𝑎5 𝐿2 (6)
2 2

Mensubsitusikan persamaan (6) ke persamaan (4)

𝑎2 = −𝑎3 𝐿 − 𝑎4 𝐿2 − 𝑎5 𝐿3
5 9
= − (− 2 𝑎4 𝐿 − 2 𝑎5 𝐿2 ) 𝐿 − 𝑎4 𝐿2 − 𝑎5 𝐿3

5 9
= 2 𝑎4 𝐿2 + 2 𝑎5 𝐿3 − 𝑎4 𝐿2 − 𝑎5 𝐿3
3 7
𝑎2 = 2 𝑎4 𝐿2 + 2 𝑎5 𝐿3 (7)

Mensubsitusikan persamaan (2)(3)(6)(7) ke persamaan (1)

𝑤(𝑥) = 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎3 𝑥 3 + 𝑎4 𝑥 4 + 𝑎5 𝑥 5
3 7 5 9
= 0 + 0𝑥 + ( 𝑎4 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝐿3 ) 𝑥 2 + (− 𝑎4 𝐿 − 𝑎5 𝐿2 ) 𝑥 3 + 𝑎4 𝑥 4 + 𝑎5 𝑥 5
2 2 2 2
3 7 5 9
= 𝑎4 𝑥 2 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝑥 2 𝐿3 − 𝑎4 𝑥 3 𝐿 − 𝑎5 𝑥 3 𝐿2 + 𝑎4 𝑥 4 + 𝑎5 𝑥 5
2 2 2 2
3 5 7 9
𝑤(𝑥) = 𝑎4 𝑥 2 𝐿2 − 𝑎4 𝑥 3 𝐿 + 𝑎4 𝑥 4 + 𝑎5 𝑥 2 𝐿3 − 𝑎5 𝑥 3 𝐿2 + 𝑎5 𝑥 5
2 2 2 2
3 5 7 9 11 13
𝑤(𝑥) = 𝑎4 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑎5 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑎6 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 + 𝑥 4 )
2 2 2 2 2 2

3 5 7 9 11 13 3
𝑤(𝑥) = 𝑎1 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑎3 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 4 )
2 2 2 2 2 2

Differensial persamaan w:
3 5 7 9 11 13
𝑤 = 𝑎1 𝑥 2 𝐿2 − 𝑎1 𝑥 3 𝐿 + 𝑎1 𝑥 4 + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 𝐿3 − 𝑎2 𝑥 3 𝐿2 + 𝑎2 𝑥 5 + 𝑎3 𝑥 2 𝐿4 − 𝑎3 𝑥 3 𝐿3 + 𝑎3 𝑥 6
2 2 2 2 2 2

𝑑𝑤 15 27 39
= 3𝑎1 𝑥𝐿 − 𝑎1 𝑥2 𝐿 + 4𝑎1 𝑥3 + 7𝑎2 𝑥𝐿3 − 𝑎2 𝑥2 𝐿2 + 5𝑎2 𝑥4 + 11𝑎3 𝑥𝐿4 − 𝑎3 𝑥2 𝐿3 + 6𝑎3 𝑥5
𝑑𝑥 2 2 2

𝑑2 𝑤
= 3𝑎1 𝐿 − 15𝑎1 𝑥𝐿 + 12𝑎1 𝑥2 + 7𝑎2 𝐿3 − 27𝑎2 𝑥𝐿2 + 20𝑎2 𝑥3 + 11𝑎3 𝐿4 − 39𝑎3 𝑥𝐿3 + 30𝑎3 𝑥4
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑3𝑤
= −15𝑎1 𝐿 + 24𝑎1 𝑥 − 27𝑎2 𝐿2 + 60𝑎2 𝑥2 − 39𝑎3 𝐿3 + 120𝑎3 𝑥3
𝑑𝑥 3
𝑑4 𝑤
= 24𝑎1 + 60𝑎2 𝑥 + 360𝑎3 𝑥2 →A
𝑑𝑥 4

Fungsi Koordinat :
3 5
𝑤1 (𝑥) = 𝑎1 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )
2 2
3 5 7 9
𝑤2 (𝑥) = 𝑎1 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 )
2 2 2 2
3 5 7 9 11 13 3
𝑤3 (𝑥) = 𝑎1 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑎2 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑎3 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 4 )
2 2 2 2 2 2

Fungsi koordinat (ϕ) menjadi:


3 5
𝜙1 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )
2 2
3 5 7 9
𝜙2 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 )
2 2 2 2
3 5 7 9 11 13 3
𝜙3 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 4 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
Metode Galerkin
𝐿 𝐿
𝑑4 𝑤 𝑃0 (𝐿 − 𝑥)
𝐸𝑛 = 1,5 𝐸𝐼 ∫ 𝜙𝑖 ( 4 ) 𝜙𝑗 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝜙𝑖 𝑤(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝐿
0 0

𝐿
𝑑4 𝑤
𝑐𝑖𝑗 = 1,5 𝐸𝐼 ∫ 𝜙𝑖 ( ) 𝜙𝑗 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 4
0

𝐿 3 5 3 5
𝐶11 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )) (24)𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )) 𝑑𝑥 =
2 2 2 2

𝐿 3 5 3 5 7 9
𝐶12 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )) (24) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ))) 𝑑𝑥 =
2 2 2 2 2 2

𝐿 3 5 3 5 7 9
𝐶13 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 )) (24) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) +
2 2 2 2 2 2

11 13
𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 + 𝑥 4 ))) 𝑑𝑥=
2 2

𝐿 3 5 7 9 3 5
𝐶21 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 )) (60𝑥) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 +
2 2 2 2 2 2

𝑥 2 ))) 𝑑𝑥=

𝐿 3 5 7 9 3 5
𝐶22 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 )) (60𝑥) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) +
2 2 2 2 2 2

7 9
𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ))) 𝑑𝑥=
2 2

𝐿 3 5 7 9 3 5
𝐶23 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 )) (60𝑥) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) +
2 2 2 2 2 2

7 9 11 13
𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 + 𝑥 4 ))) 𝑑𝑥=
2 2 2 2

𝐿 3 5 7 9 11 13
𝐶31 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 +
2 2 2 2 2 2

3 5
𝑥 4 )) (360𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ))) 𝑑𝑥=
2 2

𝐿 3 5 7 9 11 13
𝐶32 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 +
2 2 2 2 2 2

3 5 7 9
𝑥 4 )) (360𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ))) 𝑑𝑥=
2 2 2 2
𝐿 3 5 7 9 11 13
𝐶33 = ∫0 ((𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 +
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 5 7 9 11 13
𝑥 4 )) (360𝑥 2 ) (𝑥 2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥 3 ) + 𝑥 2 ( 𝐿4 − 𝑥𝐿3 +
2 2 2 2 2 2

𝑥 4 ))) 𝑑𝑥=

𝐿
𝑃0 (𝐿 − 𝑥)
𝑏𝑖 = ∫ 𝜙𝑖 𝑤(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐿
0

𝐿 3 5 𝑃0 (𝐿−𝑥)
𝑏1 = ∫0 ((𝑥2 (2 𝐿2 − 2 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥2 )) 𝐿
(24)) 𝑑𝑥 =

𝐿 3 5 7 9 𝑃0 (𝐿−𝑥)
𝑏2 = ∫0 (𝑥2 ( 𝐿2 − 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥2 ) + 𝑥2 ( 𝐿3 − 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥3 ) (60𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 =
2 2 2 2 𝐿

𝐿 3 5 7 9 𝑃0 (𝐿−𝑥)
𝑏3 = ∫0 (𝑥2 (2 𝐿2 − 2 𝑥𝐿 + 𝑥2 ) + 𝑥2 (2 𝐿3 − 2 𝑥𝐿2 + 𝑥3 ) 𝐿
(60𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥 =

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