FACULTY: Information Technology

DEPARTMENT: * Software Engineering

* Networking
* Information Management
COURSE NAME: Multivariable Calculus and differential Equations
COURSE CODE: MATH8213 assignment
LECTURER NAME: HAKIZIMANA Theoneste
Group A
TEAM 4
GROUP LEADER: HIRWA Yvan
SECRETARY: ISHIMWE Aurore Nadine

1
N0 MEMBERS ID SIGNATURE
1 Hirwa Yvan 25960
2 Barema Gael 26255
3 Himbaza Nshuti Edisthon 26495
4 Gisa Miguel 27332
5 Kubwayo Elyse Mireille 26490
6 Ishimwe Aurore Nadine 26420
7 Dushime Souvenir Providence 26766
8 Bajiji Borah 26596
9 Shema Fahd 27456
10 Nkuranga James 26285
11 Mucyo Emmanuel 26236
12 Mutabazi Bernald 26232
13 Umwali Dusenge Evelyne 26642
14 Mukundete Gloria 26687
15 Ingabire Ngayaberura Kevine 26650
16 Akaliza M. Racia 26628
17 Umuganwa Lina 26644
18 Kabera Salomon 25538
19 Uwimbabazi Jeanette 25575
20 Bechir Ahmat 25952
21 Mupenzi Serge 25181
22 Umubyeyi Christa 25592
23 Sugi Samantha Madalina 26536
24 Icyeza Kundwa Gloire Nelly 26743
25 Nshuti Aimable 24854
26 Manou Mukendi 25712

2
Q. A(-2,1), B(3,1),C(1,5)
a) EQUATIONS OF THE LINE AC
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +𝐴𝐶
⃗ =𝑂𝐴
1. 𝐴𝐶:𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ (Vector equation)

2. AC=(−2
1
) + 𝜆(34) (parametric equation), where λ Є real parametric

𝑥+2 𝑦−1
3. = (canonical/ symmetric equation)
3 4

4. 4𝑥 + 8 = 3𝑦 − 3
≡4𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 11 = 0 (analytical implicit)
4 11
5. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + (analytical explicit)
3 3

6.√𝐴2 + 𝐵2 = √42 + 32 ≡ ±5
Divide both side by -5
4 3 11
≡ 𝑥− 𝑦+ =0
−5 −5 −5
4 3 11
≡− 𝑥 + 𝑦 − =0
5 5 5
4 3
Where − = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
5 5
11
≡ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 + 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − = 0 (normal Hess equation)
5

7.Where 𝑥 = 𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

11
This will give, 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − =0
5
11
≡𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃 − 𝛼) =
5
11
≡𝑟 = 5
(polar equation)
cos(𝜃−𝛼)

𝑋 𝑌
8.AC : + = 1
𝐴 𝐵

SO 𝑟𝑜𝑥 = 𝑝(𝑎, 0)
And 𝑟𝑜𝑦 = 𝑝(0, 𝑏)
4 11
𝑦= 𝑥+
For 𝑟𝑜𝑥: { 3 3;
𝑦=0
4 11 −11
≡ 𝑥+ =0≡𝑥=
3 3 4

3
 −11
For 𝑟𝑜𝑥 = 𝑝( , 0);
4
4 11
𝑦= 𝑥+
For 𝑟𝑜𝑦: { 3 3
𝑥=0
11
:≡ 𝑦 =
3
11
For 𝑟𝑜𝑦 = 𝑝(0, )
3
𝑋 𝑌
≡𝐴𝐶: −11 + 11 = 1 (intercept form equation)
4 3

B) asked: P=?,A=?, G=? ; H=?,O=?,I=?

Formula and calculations
1.P=‖𝐴𝐵‖ + ‖𝐴𝐶‖ + ‖𝐵𝐶‖

Where ‖𝐴𝐵‖ = √(𝑥𝑏 − 𝑥𝑎 )2 + (𝑦𝑏 − 𝑦𝑎 )2

≡‖𝐴𝐵‖ = √(3 + 2)2 + (1 − 1)2 ≡ 5LU

And ‖𝐴𝐶 ‖ = √(𝑥𝑐 − 𝑥𝑎 )2 + (𝑦𝑐 − 𝑦𝑎 )2

≡‖𝐴𝐶‖ = √(1 + 2)2 + (5 − 1)2 ≡ 5LU

And ‖𝐵𝐶 ‖ = √(𝑥𝑐 − 𝑥𝑏 )2 + (𝑦𝑐 − 𝑦𝑏 )2

≡‖𝐵𝐶‖ = √(1 − 3)2 + (5 − 1)2 ≡ 2√5LU

So, 𝑃 = (5 + 5 + 2√5)𝐿𝑈 ≡ (10 + 2√5)LU

−2 1 1
1
2. 𝐴 = 𝐴. 𝑉 | 3 1 1|SqU
2
1 5 1
1
≡A= 𝐴. 𝑉(−2 + 1 + 15 − 1 + 10 − 3)𝑆𝑞𝑈
2
1
≡ 𝐴 = ∗ 20 ≡ 𝐴 = 10𝑆𝑞𝑈
2
𝑥1 +𝑥2 +𝑥3 𝑦1 +𝑦2 +𝑦3
3. Centroid (G)= ( , )
3 3
−2+3+1 1+1+5 2 7
≡𝐺 = ( , ) ≡ 𝐺 = (3 , 3 )
3 3

4
 𝑦1 𝑦1 2 +𝑥2 𝑥3 1 𝑥1 2 +𝑦2 𝑦3 𝑥1 1
|𝑦2 𝑦2 2 +𝑥1 𝑥3 1| |𝑥2 2 +𝑦1 𝑦3 𝑥2 1|
𝑦3 𝑦3 2 +𝑋1 𝑥2 1 𝑥3 2 +𝑦1 𝑦2 𝑥3 1
4. Othocenter H = ,
2∗𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 2∗𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶

( )
1 12 +(3∗1) 1 (−2)2 +1∗5 −2 1
|1 12 +(−2∗1) 1| | 32 +1∗5 3 1|
5 52 +(−2∗3) 1 12 +1∗1 1 1 5
≡ , ≡𝐻 = (1, )
2∗10 2∗10 2

( )
𝑥1 2 +𝑌1 2 𝑦1 1 𝑥1 𝑦1 2 +𝑥1 2 1
|𝑥2 2 +𝑦2 2 𝑦2 1 | |𝑥 2 𝑦2 2 +𝑥2 2 1|
𝑥3 2 +𝑦3 2 𝑦3 1 𝑥3 𝑦3 2 +𝑥3 2 1
5.Circumcenter O≡ ,
4∗𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 4∗𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶

( )
(−2)2 +12 1 1 −2 12 +(−2)2 1
| 32 +12 1 1| | 3 12 +32 1|
12 +52 5 1 1 52 +12 1 1 9
≡ , ≡𝑂=( , )
4∗10 4∗10 2 4

( )
𝑎𝑥1 +𝑏𝑥2 +𝑐𝑥3 𝑎𝑦1 +𝑏𝑦2 +𝑐𝑦3
6. Incenter i=( , )
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐

Where a=5, b=2√5 ≅ 4.47, c=5

5∗−2+4.47∗3+5∗1 5∗1+4.47∗1+5∗5 8.41 34.47
≡( , ) ≡ (14.47 , 14.47)
5+4.47+5 5+4.47+5

c. 1. Equation of median 𝑚𝑏 ≡ 𝐵𝐵′ :𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝜆 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗ =𝑂𝐵 𝐵𝐵′
𝑥𝐴 +𝑥𝐶 𝑦𝐴 +𝑦𝐶
:𝐵′ = ( , )
2 2
1
:𝐵′ (− , 3)
2
𝑥𝐵 +𝑥𝐶 𝑦 +𝑦
, 𝐵 𝐶)
:𝐴′( 2 2

:𝐴′(2 , 3)
⃗ = 𝑂𝐵
≡𝑚𝑏 = 𝐵𝐵′ ≡ 𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝜆𝐵𝐵′

𝑥 3 7
≡[𝑦] = [ ] + 𝜆 [− ⁄2]
1 2

5
 𝑥−3 𝑦−1
≡𝑚𝑏 = 7 =
− 2
2

2. Equation of orthocenter:
4 11 4 11
=𝐴𝐶: 𝑦 = 𝑥 + ; where 𝑘1 = , 𝑚1 =
3 3 3 3
3
So, 𝐻𝑏 ≡ 𝑦 = − 𝑥 + 𝑚2 , for ℎ𝑏 = (3,1)
4
3 9
≡ 1 = − (3) + 𝑚2 ≡ 𝑚2 = 1 +
4 4
13
≡ 𝑚2 =
4

Equation
4 11
→ℎ𝑎 ≡ 𝑦 = 𝑥 +
3 3
3 13
→ℎ𝑏 ≡ 𝑦 = − 𝑥 +
4 4

3. Angle bisector LB
≡𝐿𝑏 = 𝑦 − 1 = ±(𝑥 − 3)
Lb≡ 𝑦 − 1 = 𝑥 − 3
lb≡ 𝑦 − 1 = −𝑥 + 3
angle bisector lb ≡ 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4
d) asked: length=?
Formula and calculation
1. Length of median

1 1 2
:𝑚𝑎 = √2(𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 ) − 𝑎2 ≡ √2((2√5) + 52 ) − 52
2 2

:𝑚𝑎 = 4.03 𝑙𝑢

1 1
:𝑚𝑏 = √2(𝑎2 + 𝑐 2 ) − 𝑏2 ≡ √2(52 + 52 ) − (2√5)2
2 2

:𝑚𝑏 = 4.47 𝑙𝑢

1 1 2
:𝑚𝑐 = √2(𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) − 𝑐 2 ≡ √2(52 + (2√5) − 52
2 2

:𝑚𝑐 = 4.03 𝑙𝑢
2. length of altitude
6
 2𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 20
:ℎ𝑎 = ≡ ℎ𝑎 = ≡ ℎ𝑎 = 4lu
𝑎 5
2𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 20
:ℎ𝑏 = ≡ ℎ𝑏 = ≡ ℎ𝑏 = 2√5𝑙𝑢
𝐵 2 √5
2𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 20
:ℎ𝑐 = ≡ ℎ𝑐 = ≡ ℎ𝑐 = 4𝑙𝑢
𝑐 5
3. length of angle bisector
1 1
:𝐿𝑎 = √𝑏𝑐(𝑏 + 𝑐)2 − 𝑎2 ≡ 𝑙𝑎 = √22.35(9.47)2 − 52 ≡ 𝑙𝑎 =
𝑏+𝑐 9.47
4.698𝑙𝑢
1 1 2
: 𝐿𝑏 = √𝑎𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑐)2 − 𝑏2 ≡ 𝑙𝑏 = √25(10)2 − (2√5) ≡ 𝑙𝑏 =
𝑎+𝑐 10
4.9799𝑙𝑢
1 1
: 𝐿𝑐 = √𝑎𝑏(𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − 𝑐 2 ≡ 𝑙𝑐 = √22.35(9.47)2 − 52 ≡ 𝑙𝑐 =
𝑎+𝑏 9.47
4.698𝑙𝑢
e) equation of circumcircle
𝑎𝑏𝑐
:𝛾 ≡ (𝑥 − 𝑥0 )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑦0 )2 = 𝑅 ; where 𝑅 =
4 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶
5∗5∗4.47
𝑅= ≡ R=2.79
4∗10

:𝛾 ≡ (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 7.7841

Equation of Incircle
2
:𝛾 ≡ (𝑥 − 𝐼𝑥 )2 + (𝑦 − 𝐼𝑦 ) = 𝑟
2 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 2∗10
𝑟≡ = ≡ r=1.38
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 5+5+4.47

:𝛾 ≡ (𝑥 − 0.58)2 + (𝑦 − 2.38)2 = 1.38

7
Q2. A(1,2,3), B(5,0,7), C(3,4,2),D(-2,8,9)

a) 𝑝𝐴𝐵𝐶 = (‖𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ‖ + ‖𝐴𝐶

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ‖ + ‖𝐵𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ‖)𝐿𝑈
4 2 −2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = [−2], 𝐴𝐶
Where 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = [ 2 ] , 𝐵𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = [ 4 ];
4 −1 −5
So 𝑃𝐴𝐵𝐶 = (√(4)2 + (−2)2 + (4)2 + √(2)2 + (2)2 + (−1)2 +
√(−2)2 + (4)2 + (−5)2 ) 𝐿𝑈
=𝑃𝐴𝐵𝐶 = (6 + 3 + 3√5)𝐿𝑈 ≡ 𝑃𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 9 + 3√5𝐿𝑈

1
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗
:𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 𝐴. 𝑉 |4 −2 4 |
2
2 2 −1
√324
:𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 𝑆𝑈 ≡ 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 9𝑆𝑈
2
b) Length of median from vertex A
𝑥𝑐 +𝑥𝐵 𝑦𝐶 +𝑦𝐵 𝑧𝐶 +𝑧𝐵
:𝑀𝐵𝐶 = ( , , )
2 2 2
5+3 0+4 7+2 9
: 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = ( , , ) ≡ 𝑀𝐵𝐶 = (4,2, 2)
2 2 2

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐵𝐶 ‖ = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 + (𝑧2 − 𝑧1 )2

:‖𝐴𝑀
2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐵𝐶 ‖ = √(4 − 1)2 + (2 − 2)2 + (9 − 3) ≡ 3 √5 𝐿𝑈
:‖𝐴𝑀
2 2

c) Volume
1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
:𝑉 = |𝑑𝑒𝑡(𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐶 )|
6
4 −2 4
1 1
:𝑉 ≡ | 2 2 −1 | 𝐶𝑈 = (48 − 6 + 48 + 24 + 24 + 24)𝐶𝑈
6 6
−3 6 6
:𝑉 = 27 𝐶𝑈

TOTAL SURFACE AREA

:𝑇𝑆𝐴 = 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 + 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐷 + 𝑆𝐴𝐶𝐷 + 𝑆𝐵𝐶𝐷

Where 𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 9𝑆𝑄𝑈

8
 1
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗ 1
:𝑆𝐴𝐵𝐷 = | 4 −2 4| ≡ (−36𝑖 − 36𝑗 + 18𝑘⃗) ≡ 27𝑆𝑄𝑈
2 2
−3 6 6

1
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗ 1 27
:𝑆𝐴𝐶𝐷 = | 2 2 −1| ≡ (18𝑖 − 9𝑗 + 18𝑘⃗) ≡ 𝑆𝑄𝑈
2 2 2
−3 6 6

1 𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗ 1 63
𝑆𝐵𝐶𝐷 = |−2 4 −5| ≡ (48𝑖 + 39𝑗 + 12𝑘⃗) ≡ 𝑆𝑄𝑈
2 2 2
−7 8 2
27 63
≡𝑇𝑆𝐴 = (9 + 27 + + ) 𝑆𝑄𝑈 ≡ 81𝑠𝑞𝑢
2 2

The length of the altitude

3𝑉 3∗27
:ℎ𝑎 = ≡ ℎ𝑎 = 63
𝑆𝐵𝐶𝐷
2

162
So ℎ𝑎 = 𝐿𝑈
63

d) Equation of the length of altitude

:ℎ𝐴 ≡ 𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝜆 𝑁𝐴𝐵𝐶
⃗ = 𝑂𝐴
𝑥 1 1
⃗
: ℎ𝐴 : 𝑉 ≡ [𝑦] = [2] + 𝜆 [ 2 ]
𝑧 3 −1
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3
:ℎ𝐴 ≡ = =
1 2 −1

e) Angle between edge AD and face ABC

Let the angle be 𝜃
<𝑁𝐴𝐵𝐶 ,𝑉𝐴𝐷 >
So sin 𝜃 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
‖𝑁 𝐴𝐵𝐶 ‖‖𝑉 𝐴𝐷 ‖

−3 4 2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( 6 ) , 𝐴𝐵
:𝐴𝐷 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (−2) , 𝐴𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( 2 )
6 4 −1
𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗
≡𝑁 ≡ 𝐴𝐵 ∗ 𝐴𝐶 = |4 −2 4 | = (−6𝑖 + 12𝑗 + 12𝑘⃗)
⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2 2 −1

9
 −6
⃗
:𝑁 = ( 12 )
12
(−6∗−3)+(12∗6)+(12∗6) 162
:sin 𝜃 = ≡ sin 𝜃 =
√324∗√81 162

:𝜃 = sin−1 (1) ≡ 𝜃 = 90 degree

f) 𝑑(𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷) =?
|<𝐴𝐵,𝐴𝐶,𝐴𝐷>|
:𝑑(𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷) = ‖[𝐵𝐶,𝐴𝐷]‖

𝑖 𝑗 𝑘⃗
: ‖[𝐵𝐶, 𝐴𝐷]‖ ≡ |−3 6 6 | = −54𝑖 − 27𝑗 + 0𝑘⃗ = 27√5
−2 4 −5
174
:𝑑(𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, 𝐷) = 𝐿𝑈
27√5

g) 𝑆: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 2𝑚𝑥 + 2𝑛𝑦 + 2𝑝𝑧 + 𝑞 = 0

:S ∋ 𝐴 ≡ 1 + 4 + 9 + 2𝑚 + 4𝑛 + 6𝑝 + 𝑞 = 0
: S ∋ 𝐵 ≡ 25 + 49 + 10𝑚 + 14𝑝 + 𝑞 = 0
: S ∋ 𝐶 ≡ 9 + 16 + 4 + 6𝑚 + 8𝑛 + 4𝑝 + 𝑞 = 0
: S ∋ 𝐷 ≡ 4 + 64 + 81 − 4𝑚 + 16𝑛 + 18𝑝 + 𝑞 = 0
2𝑚 + 4𝑛 + 6𝑝 + 𝑞 = −14 − − − − − −(1)
10𝑚 + 14𝑛 + 𝑞 = −74 − − − − − − − (2)
≡{
6𝑚 + 8𝑛 + 4𝑝 + 𝑞 = −29 − − − − − −(3)
−4𝑚 + 16𝑛 + 18𝑝 + 𝑞 = −149 − − − −(4)
- Eliminate q from the first and second equations:
2m+4n+6p+q=−14
10m+14p+q=−74
−8m−10p=60 −4m−5p=30

- Eliminate q from the third and fourth equations:

6m+8n+4p+q=−29

−4m+16n+18p+q=−149

10m+24n+14p=−110

5m+12n+7p=−55

- Eliminate p from the fifth and sixth equations:

10
−4m−5p=30

5m+12n+7p=−55

−29m−60n=15

29m+60n=−15

- Solve for n: 29m+60n=−15

n=−5

- Substitute n=-5 into the fifth equation to solve for p:

−4m−5p=30

−4m−5(−5)=30

−4m+25=30

−4m=5

m=−5/2
5
- Substitute n=-5 and m=− into the sixth equation to solve for p:
2
5m+12n+7p=−55
5
5(− )+12(−5)+7p=−55
2

=-12.5−60+7p=−55
15 15
7p=− p= −
2 2

15 15
Substitute n=-5, m=− and p=− into the first equation to solve for q:
2 2
2m+4n+6p+q=−14

2(−5/2)+4(−5)+6(−15/2)+q=−14

−5−20−45+q=−14

q=56

11
 15
Answer: m=−25, n=−5 p=− , q=56
2

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 2(−2.5)𝑥 + 2(−5)𝑦 + 2(7.5)𝑧 + 56 = 0

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 − 5𝑥 − 10𝑦 + 15𝑧 + 56 = 0(equation of circumsphere)

AREA AND VOLUME

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 + 2(−2.5)𝑥 + 2(−5)𝑦 + 2(7.5)𝑧 + 56 = 0

(𝑥 2 − 5𝑥) + (𝑦 2 − 10𝑦) + (𝑧 2 − 15𝑧) = 0

(𝑥 − 2.5)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 + (𝑧 − 7.5)2 = −56 + 6.25 + 25 + 56.25

(𝑥 − 2.5)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 + (𝑧 − 7.5)2 = (31.5)2

(𝑥 − 𝑥0 )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑦0 )2 + (𝑧 − 𝑧0 )2 = (𝑅)2

𝑅 = √31.5

𝐴𝑆 = 4𝜋𝑅2 =395.84 squ.

𝑉𝑆 = 4𝜋𝑅3 =2221.65 cu.

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 Q3.
S Na Canonic Paramet Polar eqn foci vertices cent Focal Latus as Directrix
/ me eqn ric eqn er radius rectu y
N of m m
the pt
co ot
nic es
1 elll 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑥 𝑟1 𝑓1 (+𝑐, 0) +5
𝐴1 ( ) 0 𝑟1 𝑃1 _ 𝑑1
ips 52 + 32 = 5 cos 𝑡 =
𝑝 0 (0,0) = 5 + 𝑒𝑥 2
3 5
e 1 + 𝑒 cos 𝜃 𝑓2 (−𝑐, 0) +4 = 𝑥1 =
=1 𝑦 𝐴2 ( ) 𝑟2 5 𝑐
a>b = 3 sin 𝑡 𝑟2 0 = 4 − 𝑒𝑥 𝑃2 4
𝑝 0 𝑥2 =
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 = 𝐵1 ( ) 52 𝑐
+ 1 − 𝑒 cos 𝜃 3 =
42 52 = 4 cos 𝑡 0 4 𝑑2
0≤𝑒≤1 𝐵2 ( ) 52
=1 𝑦 5
𝑥1 =
a<b = 5 sin 𝑡 𝑐

42
𝑥2 =
𝑐

2 hy 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 𝑟1 𝑓1 (+𝑐, 0) 𝐴 (+6) 0 𝑟1 𝑃1 𝑑1
per − = 6 ch 𝑡 = 𝑝 1
0 (0,0) = 6 + 𝑒𝑥 2
8 6
62 82 6 = 𝑥1 =
bol =1 𝑦 1 + 𝑒 cos 𝜃 𝑓2 (−𝑐, 0) 𝐴2 ( ) 𝑟2 6 - 𝑐
a a>b = 8 sh 𝑡 e>𝑝
1 0 = 6 − 𝑒𝑥 6
0 𝑃2 𝑥2 =
𝑥 𝐵1 ( ) 82 𝑐
8 =
= 6 ch 𝑡 6

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 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑦 𝑟2 0 𝑑2
− 𝑝 𝐵2 ( )
62 82 = 8 sh 𝑡 = 8 62
= −1 1 − 𝑒 cos 𝜃 𝑥1 =
𝑐
a<b e>1 62
𝑥2 =
𝑐

par 𝑥2 𝑡2 𝑟1 𝑓1(1,0 0(0,0) 𝑃1 𝑑1 (𝑥)

3 ab = 2𝑦 𝑥= 2 =2 =1
4 =
ola 𝑦2 𝑦=𝑡 1 + cos 𝜃 1 _ 𝑃2 𝑑2 (𝑥)
𝑟2 𝑓2 ( , 0) _ 1
= 4𝑥 2 =1
2 =
= 2
1 − cos 𝜃

𝑟3
1
=
1 − cos 𝜃
𝑟4
1
=
1 − cos 𝜃
e=1

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