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Neutralization Reaction

When an acid reacts with an alkali, a neutralization reaction occurs. This reaction produces salt and water. For example, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react to form sodium chloride and water. To determine if the neutralization reaction is complete, an indicator like phenolphthalein is used - it will change color from pink to colorless once neutralization is finished. The experiment can then be repeated without indicator to isolate the salt product after evaporating off the water.

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Rafit Biswas
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77 views

Neutralization Reaction

When an acid reacts with an alkali, a neutralization reaction occurs. This reaction produces salt and water. For example, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react to form sodium chloride and water. To determine if the neutralization reaction is complete, an indicator like phenolphthalein is used - it will change color from pink to colorless once neutralization is finished. The experiment can then be repeated without indicator to isolate the salt product after evaporating off the water.

Uploaded by

Rafit Biswas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STANDARD VII

TOPIC 3.03
NEUTRALIZATION REACTION
Acid:
Acids are substances that contain H+ ions. They are the source of H+ ions in a
chemical reaction and gives substances their acidic properties. For example:
HCl (aq)  H+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)

Alkali:
Alkalis are substances that contain OH- ions. They are the source of OH- ions in a
chemical reaction and gives substances their alkaline properties. For example:
NaOH (aq)  Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)

The neutralization reaction:


When acid reacts with alkali, neutralization reaction takes place. During
neutralization reaction two products are produced, which are salt and water. An
example of neutralization reaction is given below:
HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
The main ionic equation is :
H+ (aq) + OH- (aq)  H2O (l)
During this neutralization the temperature of the solution increases. This is
because the reaction is exothermic reaction.

Experiment to ensure neutralization is complete:


 Add 25cm3 of sodium hydroxide in a conical flask using pipette. Add few
drops of phenolphthalein indicator, which turns pink in color.
 HCl acid is taken in the burette, which is added dropwise. Swirl the flask to
ensure acid mixes completely.
 When all the sodium hydroxide has been used up, the solution turns
colorless. This ensures the reaction is complete and the solution is neutral.
 By using the scale on the burette the volume of acid added is noted down.
 The reaction is carried again in a conical flask without an indicator. Exact
volume NaOH and HCl is added.
 The solution is heated so that water gets evaporated away. The crystals of
sodium chloride salt are left behind.

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