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    Japanese Verbs

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    paulo cassar
    The document discusses Japanese verb classifications and conjugations. It explains that Japanese verbs are classified into three groups according to conjugation rules and as transitive or intransitive. It then outlines 17 verb conjugation forms and the rules for constructing each form based on the verb group.

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    Japanese Verbs

    Uploaded by

    paulo cassar
    487 views2 pages
    The document discusses Japanese verb classifications and conjugations. It explains that Japanese verbs are classified into three groups according to conjugation rules and as transitive or intransitive. It then outlines 17 verb conjugation forms and the rules for constructing each form based on the verb group.

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    Japanese Verbs

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    The document discusses Japanese verb classifications and conjugations. It explains that Japanese verbs are classified into three groups according to conjugation rules and as transitive or intransitive. It then outlines 17 verb conjugation forms and the rules for constructing each form based on the verb group.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    487 views2 pages

    Japanese Verbs

    Uploaded by

    paulo cassar
    The document discusses Japanese verb classifications and conjugations. It explains that Japanese verbs are classified into three groups according to conjugation rules and as transitive or intransitive. It then outlines 17 verb conjugation forms and the rules for constructing each form based on the verb group.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Home Weather&News DataOnJapan Learn Japanese Learning Materials OnlineOrder Login

    Words&Basics Phrases&Conversation HiraganaKatakana IntermediateJapanese Kanji Verbs TypeJapanese

    Japanese Verbs

    Groupings | Forms | Conjugation

    Overview - Verb Groupings


    Japanese verbs can be classified in several ways.
    The two most important classifications in learning Japanese verbs, group belonging
    and transitive or intransitive, are introduced here.

    Classification according to conjugation


    Japanese verbs have inflection. They are classified into three groupings according to
    the way they are conjugated.
    Verbs in the same group follow the same rule when making various verb forms (with
    some exception).

    Group 1 : most i-ending verbs (iki-masu, kaki-masu, ai-masu)


    Group 2 : all e-ending verbs (tabe-masu, ake-masu, de-masu)
    some i-ending verbs (mi-masu, i-masu, kari-masu)
    Group 3 : two verbs; shimasu and kimasu (to come)

    Transitive verbs and Intransitive verbs


    Japanese transitive and intransitive verbs are written using the same Kanji but are read
    differently in many cases.
    In our materials, they are entered separately; "vt." is used to indicate transitive verb,
    "vi." for intransitive verb.

    ex. kowashimasu (vt.) 壊します Transitive verb


    kowaremasu (vi.) 壊れます Intransitive verb

    Kodomo wa jitensha o kowashimashita.


    My child broke a bicycle.

    Jitensha wa kowaremashita.
    A bicycle broke.

    Overview - Verb Conjugation


    In our materials, we pick up 17 verb conjugation forms.
    To make each form, other than the masu form, there are certain rules which must be
    followed depending on which group a verb belongs to.

    masu form masu masu form affirmative

    masen masu form negative

    mashita masu form past affirmative

    masendeshita masu form past negative

    Plain form root form Plain form affirmative (dictionary form)


    nai form Plain form negative
    ta form Plain form past affirmative
    nakatta form Plain form past negative

    Other forms te form


    Conditional form (ba form)
    Potential form
    Imperative form
    Volitional form
    Passive form
    Causative form
    Causative passive Long form
    Causative passive Short form

    Groupings | Forms | Conjugation

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