Manila Tytana Colleges

Metropolitan Park, Pres. Diosdado Macapagal

Boulevard, 1300 Pasay City
Senior High School Department

A Survey on the Impact of the Increased Fare to the Grade 12 ABM

PM Shift Students of MTC A.Y. 18 – 19 and their Budgeting Schemes.

Submitted by:

Abaigar, Maris

Dejesus, Ardj

Labrador, Roanne Katherine

Lorenzo, Mediatrix

Segaton, Ivan

Submitted to:

Ms. Maria Olivia S. Ofracio

Date Submitted:

August 15, 2018

 Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This Chapter presents the related literature and studies through the search

done by the researchers:

Increased fare was started last July 06, 2018 at exactly 1:17 pm. The

riding public minimum pay was Php.9 while for the students, seniors, and

PWD was Php.8.

Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB)

confirmed that P1 temporary increase on the minimum fare for jeepneys

plying routes in Metro Manila, Central Luzon and CALABARZON. Government

dumped the case on rising fuels prices to the commuters by allowing an

increase in fares, George San Mateo said that once the LTFRB order was

signed commuters should expect that the jeepneys will change their current

minimum fare from Php.8 to Php.9.

According to George San Mateo, The President of Pinagkaisahang

Samahan ng mga Tsuper at Opereytor Nationwide (PISTON), the

government passed the problem of high oil prices to the commuters by

increasing their fare so that the drivers will recovered the high price of oil.
The Public as Scapegoat

Commuters are treated like a scapegoat, because they was unfairly

blamed what others have done.

PISTON suggested to the government to suspend the enforcement of

the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Act to lower fuel

prices and avoid a raise in fares. The government was not approved on what

PISTON said. There are many possible solutions, suspending the

enforcement of the TRAIN law is one of them. The increased fare was the

cause of people’s present economic difficulties.

TRAIN law took effect on January 1. It raised the ceiling on tax-

exempt income but imposed higher taxes on oil products and other goods,

amplifying the effects of firmer global oil prices in recent months. San Mateo

appealed to commuters not to blame jeepney drivers for the fare hike,

otherwise the commuter should blame the government’s policies.

Blame World Oil Prices

Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque told reporters that, Malacañang

blamed the fare hike on rising world oil prices. It’s a result of the increase in

the price of petroleum. But they assure the commuter that if the price of

petroleum goes down, there would be corresponding adjustments as well.

Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque told reporters.

According to Julie M. Aurelio (2018), the commuters denounced the

LTFRB decision.

Garcia (2018), a College student, the basic goods have become

expensive too. And now that the fare also increased, she enjoy student

discounts and the fare hike means she have to pay P8 now.

Nicolas Celo (2018), a Junior High School student, expressed dismay

at the fare hike, which would affect his daily allowance. But he conceded

that jeepney drivers were burdened with high fuel prices.

 Money is involved in many things and situations around the world;

every person had experienced, even once, to see and to hold money, so it’s

indeed a big part of everyone’s life. It can be in the form of metal coin or

piece of paper, but people value this thing to sustain their everyday needs

like food, water, and clothes. One can’t just go to the market to buy foods if

he/she does not have money right? It can also provide things for people’s

satisfaction like gadgets, appliances and accessories. There’s an idiom in

which it stated that “money does not grow on trees”, meaning a person

should be careful of how much money he spends because there is only a

limited amount. However, there are ways on. They usually get P150 to P250

(excluding transport allowance) per day. The allowance covers P50 to P100

for lunch, P30 to P50 for merienda, P20 on average for photocopies, and P50

to P80 for school requirements like printing, buying pens, etc. It also

included that students outside Manila, especially those living in municipalities

usually get about P100 to P150 per day. But still, it’s the parent’s decision if

how much cash they will give to their children as long as it fits the family’s

budget and the amount was suitable for a teen to handle. Also, they can

decide on how often their children should receive allowance; it can be daily,

weekly or monthly.
 According to LTFRB (2018), board cited the rise in oil prices and the

increase in the prices of commodities as the reason for increasing fare and

granting the petition of transport groups.

SYNTHESIS

In this chapter you will see the related literatures that we had

searched about our topic, you will see the causes and effects of having a P1

Increased Fare here in the Philippines. And you will see how it affects the

problem of high oil price to the increased fare given to the commuters.
SOURCES

 AFP/Noel Celis, July 06, 2018

 Gonzales, C. (2018). Commuters to shoulder P1 fare hike,

says Piston. Retrieved from

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1007583/commuters-to-

shoulder-p1-fare-hike-says-piston

 Article. Retrieved from https://www.cram.com/essay/Hig-

School-Students-And-Their-Allowance/F3J3A9P35J

 Philstar.com/Gaea Katreena Cabico. July 09, 2018.

 CHAPTER I

Problem and Its Settings

Introduction

This chapter will contain the objectives, the statement of the

problem and the question it will answer, the hypothesis, the significance of

the study, the scope and delimitation of the study, the operational definition

of the variables, and the conceptual framework.

Background of the Study

Increased fare Increased fare was started last July 06, 2018 at exactly

1:17 pm. The riding public minimum pay was Php.9 while for the students,

seniors, and PWD was Php.8. (LFTRB). Increased fare was a problem or

issue that the students are facing. Money is involved in many things and

situations around the world; every person had experienced, even once, to

see and to hold money, so it’s indeed a big part of everyone’s life. It can be

in the form of metal coin or piece of paper, but people value this thing to

sustain their everyday needs like food, water, and clothes. The government

passed the problem of high oil prices to the commuters by increasing their
fare so that the drivers will recovered the high price of oil (George San

Mateo, President of PISTON).

Commuters are treated like a scapegoat, because they was unfairly

blamed what others have done. Government used the TRAIN LAW to have a

stable income tax from the communities people, government pass the

financial problem to the people when it comes to the oil price. In TRAIN LAW

almost all of products price has increased plus the tax payers of the people.

So the PISTON suggested to the government to suspend the enforcement of

the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Act to lower fuel

prices and avoid a raise in fares. But, the government did not approved to

that suggestion.

While the Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque told reporters

that, Malacañang blamed the fare hike on rising world oil prices. It’s a result

of the increase in the price of petroleum. But they assure the commuter that

if the price of petroleum goes down, there would be corresponding

adjustments as well. Presidential spokesperson Harry Roque told reporters.

The spokesperson the fare hike instead of increased oil price.

Increased fare can be a source of a problem of a student’s budgeting

schemes. These can cause lack of their personal needs and daily expenses.

Specifying the place of the study, which is a school, Grade 12 ABM PM Shift

of Manila Tytana Colleges that are inside the campus plays a big role in our
research, the effect of the increased fare. Every day, the students spend

several hours inside the campus, buying a products, and therefore producing

a big amount of expenses.

The researchers aim to know the effects of the increased fare and also

how they manage the Grade 12 ABM PM Shift manage their allowances. In

this way, the researchers will know the behavior of the Grade 12 ABM PM

Shift towards the budgeting of their allowances due to increased fare.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the effects of increased fare to all

Grade 12 ABM PM Shift students in Manila Tytana Colleges, specifically it

seeks to answer the following:

1. How the increased fare does affects Grade 12 ABM PM Shift

Students of Manila Tytana Colleges?

2. How many places that are affected of increased fare?

3. How many is the number of reason of having an increased fare in

our country.

4. How much is the increased fare in terms of:

a. City

b. Provinces
 Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

1. Increased fare does not affect the driver’s salary.

2. The increased fare does not effect on how the students will budget

their allowances.

3. There was no significant effect of the increased fare to the

commuters.

Alternative Hypothesis

1. Increased fare does affects the driver’s salary.

2. The increased fare has an effect on how the students will budget their

allowances.

3. There was a significant effect of the increased fare to the commuters.

Significance of the Study

This study can be an effective way to find ways on how a Grade 12

ABM PM Shift to manage and budget their allowances due to increase fare

and to know what are the impacts of the increased fare to them. The study

will also be beneficial to the following:

Students. The students can learn how to manage and budget their

allowances, specially their budgeting schemes.

 Professors. The professors will know the situations of the students

towards budgeting, they can help the students in a way of decreasing their

expenses on certain projects.

Parents. They will have knowledge about their children’s situation and

they can help them in proper budgeting for the daily expenses.

Scope and Delimitation

This study discusses about the survey that will be conducted on the 12

ABM (Accounting, Business, and Management) PM Shift Students of Manila

Tytana Colleges A. Y. 18-19 about the impacts of the increased fare to them

and their budgeting schemes. The researchers will ask questions to the

students.

Operational definition of the variables

For the better understanding, the following terms are operationally

defined:

Budgeting. Budgeting is used to this research to know how much the

money they can spend in their expenses.

Schemes. Schemes is used to this research to know what are the

strategies of the students usually do to budget and save their allowances.

 ABM (Accounting, Business, and Management). It was used in this

research as the scope and delimitation of the study, it is the strand of the

students we will conduct a survey about the study.

Conceptual Framework

This conceptual framework is a survey research; the researchers will

conduct a survey. The researchers will ask 5 questions to the respondents

which is the Grade 12 ABM PM Shift Students of Manila Tytana Colleges.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 The researchers will

 We are looking or
gather all the data or
searching some claim or
surveys we had
facts and related
 The impact of the conducted.
literature about our
increased fare to the  The researchers will be
topic.
Grade 12 ABM PM Shift asking a questions to
 The researchers are
Students of Manila Grade 12 ABM PM Shift
conducting a survey
Tytana Colleges. of Manila Tytana
research to all Grade 12
 The Budgeting schemes Colleges.
ABM PM Shift students of
of the Grade 12 ABM PM  The researchers will
Manila Tytana Colleges
Shift Students of Manila know the effects of
about the effects and
Tytana Colleges. increased fare to the
how they budget their
students, and how the
allowances due to
students manage their
increased fare.
allowances.

Figure #1 Descriptive
 The framework shows the sequence of the increased fares’ impact to all
Grade 12 ABM PM Shift students of Manila Tytana Colleges. You can also see
the process of the researchers did to get the information’s about the
Increased Fare. And it also shows the results of the students budgeting
schemes when the increased fare start, it will show if the students have
been affected or not by the fare hike.