ZAMBOANGA CITY ANIMAL REHABILTATION AND LEARNING CENTER

“AN APPROACH OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE FOR DOMESTIC

ANIMALS AND WILDLIFE’S HABITAT MANAGEMENT”

Chapter 1 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

A. RATIONALE

For thousands of years, humans around the world have been concerned that animals are

suffering. One of the reasons is the climate change, air pollution, deforestation and others that

affect the animal’s life. This is a very cruel consequence of animal. It is a tough life for them

that day by day their natural habitat is losing. Protect and preserve the welfare of animals for

the next generation and remember too always have compassion when they cause some

inconvenience in their simple efforts to survive.

According to Perera, Lionel, in the present condition, the high demand for timber has led to

deforestation logging, cause a negative impact on species that are dependent on forest (Perera,

2019). And, according to Pariona, Ameber Poaching, habitat degradation, climate change,

invasive species, and diseases threaten to wipe out wildlife in large numbers. (Pariona, 2018)

In animal welfare, we are not after the profit but of the good effect, it gives us. We are not

saving ourselves here but the life of the environment where we plan our livelihood and where

our animals depend to live. Promoting a sustainable architectural design, healthy lifestyle and

environmental biodiversity through integrated animal welfare is a great contribution. The first

real animal shelter in the country is the Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS), PAWS

Animal Rehabilitation Center (PARC). It is PAW’s most ambitious project to date and is now

serving as a center for charitable veterinary services, catering to the pets of the low-income
sector, providing temporary shelter to the countless number of animals who are victims of

cruelty and neglection.

To accomplish a satisfying research the Department of Environment and Natural Resources

(DENR) and Department of Agriculture (DA) under Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) has a

regulation of all-natural resources as may be provided for by law to ensure equitable sharing of

the benefits derived for the welfare and monitor the strict implementation and observance of RA

8485 (Animal Welfare Act of 1998) and related law such as but not limited to RA 7160 (Local

Government Code of 1991) and RA 9268 (Philippine Veterinary Medicine Act of 2004).

The researchers have strategic thinking and guide hands-on work and more likely, promote

a sense of common purposes. It is a sustainable architecture to develop biosafety and biosecurity

protocols and promotion of good practices involving treatment and care of injured animals with

a goal of releasing healed animals back to their natural habitat and maintain the biodiversity. It

is a harmonic built environment not separate or dominant from nature but unified as a whole. It

has a two-major structure such as Animal Rehabilitation Center, were animals will be healed

and rehabilitate for treatment and a research laboratory. Administrative building with Learning

Center, it is a building for learning with educational facilities for academic research and practical

training, it is also open for public and other private organization to have field trips, research and

could learn more about animals.

B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

As the urban and suburban environment incessantly encroaches on the natural environment,

the frequency of encounters between humans and wildlife will increase. Injuries will occur to

wild animals at these intersections of the human construct and the natural realm. (Pokras, 1997).

In the present condition, the high demand for timber has led to deforestation logging, cause a

negative impact on species that are dependent on forest (Perera, 2019). And, according to

Pariona, Ameber Poaching, habitat degradation, climate change, invasive species, and diseases

threaten to wipe out wildlife in large numbers. (Pariona, 2018)

Zamboanga City’s present status in conservation of wildlife must improve as much as the

rehabilitation for them because the city has improper planning and deficient facility due to

increasing demand of stray, endangered and sick animals that are found within the region. The

Zamboanga City Government, through the Office of the City Veterinarian (OCVet), has

renewed its call for village officials to activate their respective animal catcher’s to rescue

abandoned dogs and help minimize the stray population problem (Garcia, 2019). He said the

stray animal population is likewise a challenge in the city but stressed that the activation of the

animal catchers and the continuous advocacy on responsible pet ownership will help reduce the

problem.

The adaptation and rehabilitation of the animals is one of the solution to control their

population and morbidity of stray animal bite hence the “lack of interest of adapting” because

of a poor knowledge and understanding about the relationship and essence of wildlife and people

due to lack of facility for the learning of wildlife within the region. . (CCSPCA, 2015)

 What Architectural solution can be used to address this problem?

 What facility needed to cater to the safety of the animals?

  How the thesis projects take place and achieve the sustainable Architectural design

approach?

 What would be the strategies, principle, and process that will demonstrate that

sustainable Architecture can be applied in this thesis project?

 How will this thesis project can nurture the present condition and situation of the

environment?

C. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND PROJECT OBJECTIVES

The proponent’s proposal will help the inadequate animal rehabilitation facility of Zamboanga

City to improve further than its current status through the new architectural design approach.

This also provide Learning Center for pet and non-pet owner to bring awareness, to enhance the

knowledge of local people of the city on how to take care and protect the safety of rare,

endangered species and conserve wildlife’s habitat. And to provide training for domesticated

animals that can help us in our daily or needs in life.

The proponent’s main goal is to cater to the increasing demand of domestic animals and to

boost the vitality of the endangered animals in the city due to their welfare rights through the

proper Architectural solution.

Project Objectives

• To increase the vitality of the stray, sick or injured and endangered species animals.

=To create a wildlife rehabilitation center with a sanctuary intended for terrestrial species

found within the region.

• To increase the awareness of the wildlife habitat and adaption rate for the stray animals

in the city through education.

 =To create a learning center to educate the public about wildlife and the environment.

Architectural Objectives

• To create an environment that unified with nature.

=The structure follows the function of nature.

• To reduce the negative impact of the facility on the environment.

=By providing proper management on distributing waste.

=By using ecofriendly material for the structure.

=Controlling air pollution through applying the Photocatalytic Cement.

• To minimize energy consumption by adapting the natural energy and a new mechanical

innovation to the building.

=To provide natural ventilation through the tropical design concept.

=To provide natural lighting through open skylight design.

=Reducing energy consumption through solar panels.

=Controlling air pollution through applying the Photocatalytic Cement.

D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research study will massively enhance the sustainable Animal Welfare facilities and

help the Zamboanga city in terms of research, learning and nurturing the domestic and wildlife

animals.

This study will provide a new idea and innovation to support the healing process for

animal welfare and, establishment of the facility answers the growing need for a training

center for students, who study in the field of animal and conservation, and allows staff

members, to expand their contribution to their fields of work and community of volunteer
who wants to expand their knowledge about the animal welfare. The facility will be a fully

functioning animal treatment, care and rehabilitation facility contributing to the nature’s

conservation and community by establishing itself as a center for public education and

awareness, and job creation endeavor.

E. SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

Scope of the Study

This study will focus on helping and improving the qualities of animal welfare in Zamboanga

and to understand and recognize the importance and effectiveness of having a healthy wildlife

in the region.

The proponent investigated details about sustainable design to gain information on how to

apply the design in the structure. The proponent also studied and researched about design

considerations of the said facility. The proponent conducted oral surveys to present users. The

proponent also conducted a case study about the facility from local and foreign countries to

know what their facility has and does not have and to gain inspiration from it.

Limitations of the Study

The proponent study only focusses on the domestic and wildlife animals that are found in the

region.

All available and accessible data and information regarding the research were gathered by

the proponent to analyze and scrutinize the study well. This proposal is closely related to the

Department of Agriculture (DA) and Department of Environment and Natural Resource

(DENR) wherein it serves as the main source of information of the study.

 Gathering of data from other offices like the City Planning and City Assessor of

Zamboanga City were made to be able to analyze the topic well with various ideas,

opinions, and standards from the data collected to be able to come up with a very

adequate solution to the problem.

Some of the limiting factors that affect the study are primary data that were gathered through

actual interviews, field observation and surveys made by the proponent to the concern

government agencies. Limited data regarding the land were also provided by the office due to

either confidentially or unavailability of the materials like proposal and soil Classification Map

and other maps that would require surveying that the officers weren’t able to provide. Thus, the

other parts of the research that requires the unavailable data were referred from other researchers

and data from internet, interviews and site visit.

CHAPTER II: REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

“An increasing global population causes cities to expand constantly and urban areas to

penetrate natural habitats. This intrusion into ecosystems diminishes natural sites in which

wildlife species can prosper.” (Lippi, 2005)

This study gives a warning about the consequences of the human population's growth burst.

This also the reason why we need to settle for a new home for them, human activities are making

animal's life difficult by driven them from their dwellings by invasive human settlement, species

are forced to look for new home range in decreasing natural habitation. Wildlife that has

managed to adapt to urban environments struggle with the threat of injury or fatality associated

with human encounter. There is an apparent need for increased awareness in, and education for

people about wildlife and the elimination of misconceptions that surround certain species.

The Human-Animal Connection

“That powerful and mutually beneficial bond continues today, with people and animals

connecting in ways that are essential to the health and well-being of both.” (Catherine Knupp,

2014)

The information stated in the literature was absolute through its point on describing the

human-animal connection. The connection between humans and animals is one of the most

fundamental bonds that human beings experience. Some image presentation was shown
showing that through history the human and animal bond is strong. That powerful and mutually

beneficial bond continues today, with people and animals connecting in ways that are essential

to the health and well-being of both.

The bond between humans and companion and working animals progresses, as from

household pets to horses that herd livestock, to therapy dogs that provide comfort to victims of

disaster and illness, the lives of both humans and animals are made better by the mutual bond

of human and animals. To put it simply, pets are good for people. Pets give people a loving

companion to care for. They encourage touch, conversation and often laughter. They cause us

to exercise and offer an antidote for loneliness. They teach children responsibility. By caring

for pets, pet owners’ benefit, too.

In the body of research into the human-animal connection, it shows that the benefits are not

just emotional. For example, pets can boost infant immunity to infections, help with mental

health disorders by affecting brain chemistry, and lower blood pressure. To wrap-up, healthy

animals and healthy humans – powerful two-way bond.

Endangered Species Recovery: Finding the lessons, improving the process

"The ability of an organization to solve endangered species problems is a product of their

structure, culture, and managerial systems as well as the setting in which they operate". (Clark,

1994)

This article is all about how to deal with those animals that are endangered or near extinction,

we can manage them if we will preserve and protect them from the harmful doings of human.

Every species has their role in the ecosystem if one got extinct; the human and biodiversity is in
danger too. As early as we can, we must think twice before making unnecessary decisions that

can harm us, animals and our ecosystem.

Preservation, Education and Rehabilitation: A Wildlife Conservation Internship at

Brukner Nature Center

“Amidst ever-increasing anthropogenic impacts on the environment, native wildlife

populations require protection and care through sound wildlife conservation practices. Such

practices include preservation of habitat and resources, public education about wildlife biology

and human effects on nature, and care of injured animals.” (Myatt, 2017)

The Challenge to Environmental Education

“Education is the most important element of conservation. Throughout history, it has been

referred to as "the most formidable weapon of conservationists." (Howarth C. J., 1970)

This article says, through education and learning we acknowledge the importance of every

little thing that surrounds us. Education is a powerful tool yet a dangerous tool if not used for

the good doings.

The Challenge to Environmental Education

"Additionally, wildlife rehabilitation is, unfortunately, a relatively under-recognized

conservation tool, but successes have shown it is also valuable to conservation and should be

considered more in wildlife management decisions". (Saran, 2011)

Animal-assisted Therapy for Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Interviews and observations revealed that service dogs were helpful in improving safety and

security for the child, stabilizing the child's mood and behavior, including decreased child's

anxiety, fewer meltdowns or tantrums, defused anger, and increased calmness, improving motor
control and increasing family bonding and/or allowing for activities not previously feasible.

(Martin, F. and Farnum, J., 2002)

Top Reasons for Animal Population Decreases

According to Pariona, Ameber Poaching, habitat degradation, climate change, invasive

species, and diseases threaten to wipe out wildlife in large numbers. (Pariona, 2018)

Impact of Habitat Loss on Animals

According to Perera, Lionel, in the present condition, the high demand of timber has led to
deforestation and logging, cause negative impact on species which are dependent on forest.
(Perera, 2019)

Minimum Standards for Wildlife Rehabilitation

Wildlife rehabilitation is defined as the treatment and temporary care of injured, diseased,

and displaced indigenous animals and the subsequent release of healthy animals to appropriate

habitats in the wild. (Miller, 2012)

Measure Protects Impounded Dogs from Mercy Killing

The Davao City Veterinarian’s Office (CVO) presented a draft of the proposed implementing

rules and regulations (IRR) for the Adopt-a-dog Ordinance allowing Dabawenyos to adopt

impounded or rescued dogs in the city instead of subjecting them to mercy killing if not claimed

within three days. (Casamayor, 2019)

In this article it contradicted the mercy killing of the Davao City and Zamboanga City, instead

of killing the impounded dogs after three days without claiming them why not provide proper
training for them so they can be use by the local government for security purposes. And why

not apply this rules and regulation in our city? This is very helpful for each of us. Just think

what if we don’t have a K9 dog, what we’ll do? If we will not train and practice our local or

stray dogs for this kind of activities, we will off lack security for example tracking or finding

bombs and others.

Difference Between Domestic and Wild Animals

The author briefly discusses the contrast between domestic and wild animals. Animals could

be mainly divided into two parts as wild and domestic. Understanding and by looking at them

is not very difficult to understand a domestic animal from a wild animal, as there are many

differences exhibited between them.

The Difference between Wild and Domestic Animals:

 Wild animals live without direct influence from the human whereas domestic animals

live under the care of humans.

 Aggression is higher among wild animals than in domestic animals.

 Domestic animals are trained to obey the human commands but not the wild animals.

 The number of wild species is much higher than the domesticated number.

 Wild animals are pests of agriculture, but domestic animals are friends of agriculture.

 Domestic animals are useful for various anthropogenic activities but not the wild

animals. (Naveen, 2012)

The Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Guidelines for the Design and
Management of Animal Shelters, Animal’s Needs.
 The author describes the essentials of the animal and the different characteristics of the

animal. It was stated that all animals must carry out basic life processes, and therefore have

basic needs. Humans and non-human animals share these basic needs, which can be grouped

into five areas: Physiological needs which are the food and water, appropriate

temperature/humidity, air and light conditions (Neil, 2013). Social needs the preference for

living in solitude, in pair bonds or a group. Psychological needs are the appropriate stimulation

and activity to prevent boredom. Environmental needs are a suitable home, space, and territory.

Last is the Behavioral needs which were the hibernation, nest building, burrowing of the animal.

The Emotional Lives of Animals: A Leading Scientist Explores Animal Joy, Sorrow, and

Empathy - and Why They Matter

“When animals express their feelings, they pour out like water from a spout. Animals'

emotions are raw, unfiltered, and uncontrolled. Their joy is the purest and most contagious of

joys and their grief the deepest and most devastating. Their passions bring us to our knees in

delight and sorrow.” (Bekoff, 2008)

This literature from a respected scientist which gathers several subjective stories in making

a situation for the generality of human-like emotions in non-human animals. Not only can

animal emotions teach us about love, empathy, and compassion, argues Bekoff they require us

to radically rethink our current relationship of domination and abuse of animals.

Scientific research shows that many animals are very gifted and have sensory and motor

skills that dwarf ours. Dogs can detect diseases such as cancer and diabetes and warn humans

of impending heart attacks and strokes. Elephants, whales, hippopotamuses, giraffes, and

alligators use low-frequency sounds to communicate over long distances, often miles; and bats,

dolphins, whales, frogs, and various rodents use high-frequency sounds to find food,
communicate with others, and navigate. Many animals also display wide-ranging emotions,

including joy, happiness, empathy, compassion, grief, and even resentment and embarrassment.

It’s not surprising that animals especially, but not only, mammals share many emotions with us

because we also share brain structures located in the limbic system that are the seat of our

emotions. In many ways, human emotions are the gifts of our animal ancestors

The Effects of Human-Animal Bond

The author stated that through the last decade, the medical community has come to recognize

the importance of our connection to the world of companion animals. Although dogs play the

most major role in improving the health of people, cats, horses, birds, and fish have also been

shown to contribute to our well-being. (Ruckert, Tom Kuncl and Janet, 1996)

The roles companion animals play in people’s lives can be divided into four main categories.

They are physical, emotional, social, and cognitive roles. In their physical role pets contribute

the following benefits: increased exercise, sensory stimulation, decreased blood pressure, the

comfort of touch, and a diversion from pain. Animals provide emotional benefits as they shower

the people with unconditional love and attention, allow spontaneous expression of emotion,

reduce loneliness, decrease anxiety, provide us with increased relaxation & fun and bring

laughter into our lives. The pets provide social benefits as well such as providing recreation,

security, relieving the boredom, monotony, and isolation of life in institutional settings, and

allowing us the opportunity to communicate with an animal and to others about our animal. The

fourth contribution pets make is of a cognitive nature. People are more likely to exercise our

long- and short-term memory in the discussion of our present and former pets.

Wildlife Conservation
 The authors stated that the extinction of animals today is a large problem. Wildlife

conservation programs have been working hard to save many different species from extinction.

Some of these programs include The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural

Recourses, which keeps track of the number of species in the wilderness, and the Fish and

Wildlife Service, which sets up refugees for many endangered species to live. The Endangered

Species Act preserves animals that are destined for extinction. Others, such as the Species

Survival Plan, which decides which species should be considered endangered, and the

International Species Information System, which holds al genetic information on different

species, are set up to also save our animals. (A. Grogan, 2011)

All wild animals must have food, water, and shelter to survive, just like humans. Pollution,

poaching, and the destruction of habitats can serve as the main purpose why many animals are

now on the verge of extinction.

Rehabilitation is necessary for some animals in the wilderness. This involves caring for the

injured, ill, and orphaned wildlife that are found. Many rehabilitation animals are victims of

human intervention. The goal of rehabilitating the animals is to take care of them and cure them

and then eventually set them free. The time that they are released depends on weather, season,

habitat, and location. These people that help to rehabilitate the animals also work on finding

ways to prevent further accidents that may cause any other animals harm.

CASE STUDIES

The following case studies are valuable examples for several reasons. Some of them are

ecologically-focused, meaning that many design choices were made with the environment in

mind. They are LEED-certified, and make great strides in taking a building that can be wasteful

with energy and water into something responsible. Others are valuable for the design choices
that were made with the animals in mind- acoustics, spatial quality, materiality, lighting, and

play areas are well developed and offer great refuge for animals in need. Some are in the middle

of an urban area, and some are located on large plots in the suburbs. All of these studies address

the issues that can plague animal shelters. There are several approaches and techniques that can

really improve the experience of being in an animal shelter, both for humans and our fellow

pets:

 Acoustics- Dogs and puppies make a lot of noise, which can be unsettling for not only

people, but all animals in the shelter. Other animals, such as cats, birds, and rabbits,

should not be able to hear the dogs. Rooms which require quiet, such as the surgical and

euthanasia rooms, should also be located away from noisy areas.

 Energy Generation- To responsibly use as much energy and water as they do, humane

societies should take steps to generate energy on-site.

 Space- Cats should be given at least nine square feet, so they can move, sleep, and eat

in different zones. A space for hiding should be given to each cat. Dogs should be given

a minimum of 48 square feet. Walls between kennels should be at least five feet tall, to

avoid direct interaction between neighboring dogs.

 HVAC- 15-20 air changes per hour will help keep air fresh and animals healthy. Animal

living quarters should vent directly outside, to avoid spreading disease. Dogs require

less heat than cats, and cats should be able to choose between warm and cool spots.

Radiant floor heating is popular, because animals may lay on a warm surface.

 Exercise and Play Space- Plenty of outdoor green space should be available for dog

walking and exercise. During inclement weather, when dogs should not be out for

extended periods of time, there should be indoor play and exercise space.
  Lighting- Light fixtures should be directly over runs, to light dogs without requiring

excessive light. However, natural daylighting improves spatial and experiential quality

for all occupants, and should be used in every possible place. Rooms such as surgery

especially want natural daylighting, for a clear view of procedures.

 Water- Drains and hoses should be plentiful, and set up to avoid all cross-contamination

between kennels. Hot water needs to be available, as well as hand washing sinks in

every room. Sinks should be automatic, or have handles which can be turned off

without using hands. Site work should attempt to capture and re-use gray water.

 Materials- All materials should be easy to clean; humane societies frequently utilize

steam cleaning, which will destroy many materials. Porous surfaces such as wood and

grout tend to harbor germs and dirt, and prove to not be totally cleanable. Materials

should also be eco-conscious, and recycling employed when possible.

 Security- Animal shelters are frequently targets for theft and other crime. Dogs should

not be accessible through doggy doors or simple fences from the outside. The entire

building must be easily secured overnight.

Humane Society- Silicon Valley

Design by George Miers & Associates. Located at Moraga, California

Ecologically-conscious Design Strategies:

 Photovoltaic solar system to generate 40-50 % on the building‘s electricity needs.

 Heat recovery wheels in the HVAC system to capture heating and cooling from

ventilation air as it is exhausted and reuse that energy to heat and cool incoming air, thus

lowering energy costs while reducing the spread of illness.

 High Efficiency Kennel Cleaning System to ensure proper disinfecting of kennels while

using only 2.2 gallons of water per minute. HSSV’s facility uses 45% less water than
 comparable facilities and was recognized for its innovative programs and leadership that

are advancing water conservation in Silicon Valley.

 Natural Light is provided throughout more than 75% of the building due to site

placement of the building, large, highly efficient windows, and solar light pipes. Natural

sunlight makes both humans and animals healthier and happier while reducing electrical

bills.

 To save natural habitat for wild animals, our new Animal Community Center was built

on a former industrial site. Lead paint, Freon and mercury in lighting were removed and

safely disposed before the old building was demolished with 90% crushed and reused

for the new building pad and road beds.

 Double pane windows and R10 insulation reduces escaping heat and cool air.

 Stained concrete flooring requires less water and chemicals to clean.

 On site bioswales to capture and naturally cleanse rainwater run-off before it enters the

water treatment system, thus reducing the energy needed to clean water supplies.

 “Cool” roofing material combined with ceiling insulation to reduce A/C and heating

demands.

 Additional examples of the Design Team‘s green vision include: placement of the

building to save older trees used for shading the dog park, using donated office furniture,

and reusing 90% of the concrete from old building foundations.

Potter League Animal Rescue-

Design by ARQ Architects, Kittery, Maine. Located at Middletown, Rhode Island

Ecologically-Conscious Design Strategies:

 LEED Gold- Opened 2008- 19,500 Square Feet

 Landscaping with drought-tolerant, native plant species saves water.

 Extensive use of recycled materials, such as plastic wainscoting made of soda bottles

and a rubber floor made of old tires.

 Vegetated roof captures rainwater to prevent pollution in the nearby wetlands.

 Low flow toilets, faucets and high efficiency appliances save water and energy.

 Maximum use of natural light lowers electrical use.

 A storm water management system that captures 90 percent of storm water through a

15,000 gallon cistern, utilizing a permeable paved parking lot to absorb runoff. The

water will be reused to flush toilets and clean animals’ cages.

  Hopsital-grade, high-tech HVAC system provides multiple air exchanges per hour in

each room to maintain a healthy, well-ventilated environment.

 Recycling of more than 75% of construction materials and demolition waste.

ASPCA Urban Habitats

Design by ARQ Architects, Kittery, Maine. Located at New York City, New York
Design Strategies:

 Intake animals are received and examined on the fourth floor. Once space is

available the dogs and cats are brought down to the main level where new adoption

areas serve both dogs and cats.

 A variety of room sizes are provided to allow staff flexibility and several get-

acquainted play areas are intermingled to allow space for adopters to meet their

match.

 Each room now has an individual zone, and new air handling units were placed on

the roof to increase air change and to supply animal rooms with 100% outside air.

 ARQ developed new double height cat condos that have both horizontal side to side

doorways and top to bottom removable hatches. Each condo gets fresh air through

vent holes in the glass doorways.

 Primary materials are terrazzo flooring and Corian wall panels.

 Given space is at a premium in Manhattan, this project relies on elevators.

Wisconsin Humane Society

Eppstein Uhen Architects, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Design Strategies:

 Ultimately create a retail setting, but also a place that is inviting and interesting. The

sterile environment of some shelters did not interest the design team.

 Many spaces were designed to be flexible in function, due to the nature of an animal

shelter’s intake patterns. Depending on the time of year, and many other factors,

different animals become the majority.

 Create educational spaces for people and animals, so families can learn about adoption,

then come attend training classes for their new pet.

 Daylight as much as possible. The shelter is laid out with the animals in an “L” shape

along the south and west sides of the building. Skylights were utilized to light offices,

surgical, and other back of house.

 Consider paths through the building. School groups coming to take a tour, visitors who

are coming to adopt a dog, and visitors who are coming to have their old or sick pet put

to sleep, have a very different need from the building. The entries and experiences of

all potential users should be considered.

 Make spaces as easy to clean as possible, keeping in consideration the swinging direction

of doors, sloping of floors, and materials which will be easy to clean without

considerable deterioration.

 Acoustic measures should be taken in structure, walls, and duct work. Anywhere that

sound may travel between species, or disease may spread, barriers should be set up.

HVAC should also be individually zoned for each group of animals, allowing control to

vary between species. Radiant flooring is more effective for heat, since the animals are

usually lower than thermostats.

Denver Animal Shelter

Denver Animal Protection provides animal care and protection services for all of Denver

County. They foster the human-animal bond by protecting the safety and welfare of Denver's

animals and people.

Denver Animal Protection is committed to:

 Providing humane care to companion animals

 Reuniting lost pets with their owners

 Adopting pets to loving homes

 Enforcing Denver County animal ordinances

 Educating the public about animals, their needs and our critical role as a community

resource. (Denver Animal Shelter, 2011)

The Denver Animal Shelter is an open-admission shelter that is home to more than 7,000 lost

and abandoned pets each year. It is located at 1241 W. Bayaud Ave, Denver, CO 80223. The

shelter is helping to find loving homes for Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Small Animals, Birds, Reptiles,

Amphibians and/or Fish. has a capacity of 163 dogs and 124 cats, as well as urban wildlife,
exotics, and a large animal barn. The building is designed strategically with expansion in mind,

from site and floor planning to careful placement and oversizing of building systems. And was

required to achieve LEED Silver and meet the objectives of the Denver Sustainability

Standard. Through the collaborative efforts of the entire team, the building is expected to

receive LEED Platinum certification without any increase to the project budget. The following

are some sustainability highlights that directly relate to the long-term operating costs of the

building.

1. The building receives 30 percent reduction in energy consumption compared to ASHRAE

Baseline. Much of this was achieved via direct/indirect evaporative cooling and energy

recovery.

2. Ninety percent of the animal spaces are daylit.

3. Daylit spaces are integrated with lighting controls.

4. The building is oriented to maximize thermal properties, and the windows are placed and

designed to avoid heat gain.

5. Water-saving fixtures are used when possible, and the site is designed to significantly reduce

irrigation.

6. Durable materials and sanitary details are used throughout, reducing life cycle costs for the

building. (Denver Animal Shelter, 2011)

Orange County Animal Services Facility

Orange County Animal Services Facility has a capacity of 264 animals including urban

wildlife and exotics. The project was designed strategically with expansion in mind. The project

exceeded standards for the North Carolina High-Performance Building program, which is a

LEED equivalent program. It is located at 2769 Conroy Rd, Orlando, FL 32839, USA. The

building has been featured in Environmental Design and Construction for its exemplary

sustainable features. It was also featured recently in Healthy Pet magazine as an example of a

shelter that incorporates healthy animal environments.

The building has many of the same successful sustainability strategies as the Denver Animal

Shelter such as appropriate building orientation, daylit interior spaces, durable materials,

energy-efficient mechanical systems employing energy recovery, and sustainable site design.
In addition to these strategies, the building has a sophisticated rainwater and greywater recycling

system that is used for hosing down runs. This system served them well in a recent severe

drought that might have otherwise limited the use of water in the building. (Orange County

Animal Services Facility, 2011)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

ANIMAL NEEDS

COMMUNITY ANIMAL WELFARE

SUSTAINABLE ZAMBOANGA CITY BIODIVERSITY

ARCHITECTURE ANIMAL REHABILITATION
AND LEARNING CENTER

LOCAL GOVENRMENT ENVIRONMENT

THE HUMAN-ANIMAL

CONNECTION
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