Improving Steam Power Plant Efficiency Through Exergy Analysis: Ambient Temperature
Improving Steam Power Plant Efficiency Through Exergy Analysis: Ambient Temperature
Improving Steam Power Plant Efficiency Through Exergy Analysis: Ambient Temperature
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2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Production and Automobile Engineering (ICMPAE'2012) Singapore April 28-29, 2012
decreasing the fraction of excess combustion air and/or TABLE I: OPERATING VALUES OF THE POWER
decreasing the stack-gas temperature. The impact of Gas mass flow rate PLAN 16.76 kg/s
implementing these measures on efficiencies and losses is Gas lower heat value 48500 kJ/kg
investigated. This work aims to identify and assess methods Air mass flow rate 320.7 kg/s
for increasing efficiencies of steam power plants, to provide Maximum gas temperature in boiler 2000 ºC
Gas exit temperature from boiler 137 ºC
options for improving their economic and environmental
Feed water mass flow rate 1017.5 ton/hr
performance
Feed water pressure 24 MPa
Feed water inlet temperature 282.5 kg/s
II. EXERGY ANALYSIS Steam temperature 540 ºC
The process flow diagram for the boiler and power plant is Extraction steam pressure 4.48 MPa
shown in Figure. 1 and 2. The process parameters for the Extraction steam temperature 303 ºC
power plant and boiler are shown in Table 1 and 2. The Extraction steam mass flow 255.8 kg/s
Reheated steam temperature 540 ºC
following thermodynamic analysis of the power plant will
Cooling water mass flow rate 10000 kg/s
consider the balances of mass, energy, entropy and exergy.
Unless otherwise specified, the changes in kinetic and
potential energies will be neglected and steady state flow will
be assumed. For a steady state process, the mass balance for a III. MODELING AND SIMULATION OF BOILER
control volume system in Figure. 1 can be written as . Fuel of boiler is natural gas including CH 4 ،C 2 H 6 ،C 3 H 6 ، R R R R R R R R R R
𝑖 𝑖 (1) The energy and exergy analysis of the cycle has been made
R
𝑜𝑢𝑡
molar fraction of the fuel components parts and n v,a is the R R
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2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Production and Automobile Engineering (ICMPAE'2012) Singapore April 28-29, 2012
1%
𝐸̇𝑥,𝑑,𝑐 = 𝑚̇𝑓 𝑒𝑥,𝑓
𝑐ℎ
+ 𝑚̇𝑎 𝑒𝑥,𝑎 − 𝑚̇𝑝 𝑒𝑥,𝑝,𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 (13) 1%
5%
6%
𝐸̇𝑥,𝑑,ℎ𝑡 = 𝐸̇𝑥,𝑑,𝑏 − 𝐸̇𝑥,𝑑,𝑐 (14) Condenser
Net powers
: Products energy
The second law efficiency of combustion process, heat Boiler
50%
transfer process of boiler and power plant can be expressed as: Turbins
37% Others
𝑚̇𝑝 𝑒𝑥,𝑝,𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 (15)
𝜂𝐼𝐼,𝑐 = 𝑐ℎ
𝑚̇𝑓 𝑒𝑥,𝑓 + 𝑚̇𝑎 𝑒𝑥,𝑎
EFFICIENCY
Figure 5 shows the effect of ambient temperature on the
84%
energy and exergy efficiencies of the power plant when
constant condenser pressure approach is used. Figure 6 shows
the same results but when variable condenser pressure
Fig 3: Present ratio irreversibility in power plant component approach is taken into account. As shown, the energy
efficiency is constant in the case of using constant pressure in
the condenser but it decreases with ambient temperature when
variable condenser pressure is taken into account. The exergy
efficiencies decrease in both cases but the rate of reduction is
higher when variable condenser pressure approach is taken
into account. Actual data from the power plant agree with
variable pressure approach in the condenser.
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2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Production and Automobile Engineering (ICMPAE'2012) Singapore April 28-29, 2012
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