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    Anatomy of The Leg and Foot

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    Bono Limamu
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the leg and foot. It discusses: 1) The arterial blood supply is mainly from branches of the popliteal artery. 2) Veins drain the leg and foot through deep and superficial veins that connect to the great saphenous or small saphenous vein. 3) Lymphatic drainage is to the popliteal nodes and inguinal nodes, which drain to the external iliac nodes.

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    Anatomy of The Leg and Foot

    Uploaded by

    Bono Limamu
    27 views2 pages
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the leg and foot. It discusses: 1) The arterial blood supply is mainly from branches of the popliteal artery. 2) Veins drain the leg and foot through deep and superficial veins that connect to the great saphenous or small saphenous vein. 3) Lymphatic drainage is to the popliteal nodes and inguinal nodes, which drain to the external iliac nodes.

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    Anatomy of the Leg and Foot

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    The document summarizes the anatomy of the leg and foot. It discusses: 1) The arterial blood supply is mainly from branches of the popliteal artery. 2) Veins drain the leg and foot through deep and superficial veins that connect to the great saphenous or small saphenous vein. 3) Lymphatic drainage is to the popliteal nodes and inguinal nodes, which drain to the external iliac nodes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    27 views2 pages

    Anatomy of The Leg and Foot

    Uploaded by

    Bono Limamu
    The document summarizes the anatomy of the leg and foot. It discusses: 1) The arterial blood supply is mainly from branches of the popliteal artery. 2) Veins drain the leg and foot through deep and superficial veins that connect to the great saphenous or small saphenous vein. 3) Lymphatic drainage is to the popliteal nodes and inguinal nodes, which drain to the external iliac nodes.

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    Anatomy of the Leg and Foot: General Organizational Principles

    1. The arterial blood supply to the leg and foot is almost entirely derived from branches of
    the popliteal artery. Very schematically, the major arterial branches in the leg and foot are
    as follows:

    See Atlas Fig. 4-11 for a diagram of the arteries of the lower limb.

    2. Two sets of veins drain the leg and foot: 1) Deep veins, which are usually venae
    comitantes accompanying the arteries of the leg and foot; and 2) Superficial veins, which
    drain into the great saphenous or the small saphenous vein. The two sets of veins are
    connected by valved perforating veins, 80 that (ideally) blood flows from superficial to
    deep veins and moves toward the heart mainly in deep veins. (See Fig. 18, p. 495 in
    Snell, Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students.)
    3. The lymphatic drainage of the leg and foot is to popliteal nodes, the vertical group of
    superficial inguinal nodes, and deep inguinal nodes. Popliteal nodes receive superficial
    lymph vessels from the lateral side of the leg and foot (the area drained by the small
    saphenous vein) and from deep lymph vessels accompanying the anterior and posterior
    tibial arteries. The efferent vessels from the popliteal nodes drain into deep inguinal
    nodes. The vertical group of superficial inguinal nodes receives superficial lymph vessels
    from the territory drained by the great saphenous vein. Efferent vessels from this group of
    superficial inguinal nodes drain into deep inguinal nodes. The deep inguinal nodes
    receive lymph from deep vessels in the lower limb that travel alongside of arteries, from
    the superficial inguinal nodes (horizontal and vertical groups), and from the popliteal
    nodes. Efferent vessels from the deep inguinal nodes drain into external iliac nodes. (See
    Fig. 2S, p. 513, Snell, Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students.)
    4. Autonomic innervation of the leg and foot is limited to postganglionic sympathetic nerves
    supplying vascular smooth muscle (vasoconstriction) and sweat glands.
    5. Somatic sensory end motor innervation of the leg and foot is almost entirely by way of
    branches of the sciatic nerve. Exception: The cutaneous innervation of the anteromedial
    portion of the leg is by way of the saphenous nerve, a branch of the femoral nerve. The
    major branches of the sciatic nerve are summarized schematically below. (See Figs. 8 and
    9, pages 481 and 482, Snell, Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students for a diagram
    summarizing the distribution of the major cutaneous nerves of the lower limb. Study
    suggestion: Color code these figures to indicate which areas of the lower limb receive
    cutaneous innervation from branches of the following nerves: obturator, femoral,
    common peroneal, deep peroneal, superficial peroneal, tibial. The sources of motor
    innervation to muscles of the leg and foot should be evident if you understand Principle
    6, below.)

    6. The leg is subdivided by the arrangement of bones, interosseous membrane, and fascial
    septa into 3 fascia] compartments. Each of these has its own muscles, its own nerve
    supply, its own "gateway" to the foot, and (by and large) its own blood supply. The figure
    below is a highly schematic diagram (a cross-section through the leg) summarizing the
    compartmental organization of the leg.

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