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    Full Wave Rectifier

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    1. A full wave rectifier converts both the positive and negative half cycles of an AC input into DC output by using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer. 2. During the positive half cycle, one diode conducts while the other is reverse biased, and their roles switch during the negative half cycle, resulting in DC output across the entire AC cycle. 3. The center-tapped full wave rectifier provides higher efficiency, lower ripple, and nearly double the output voltage of a half wave rectifier but is more expensive and requires more space.

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    Full Wave Rectifier

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    सूरज कुमार
    871 views5 pages
    1. A full wave rectifier converts both the positive and negative half cycles of an AC input into DC output by using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer. 2. During the positive half cycle, one diode conducts while the other is reverse biased, and their roles switch during the negative half cycle, resulting in DC output across the entire AC cycle. 3. The center-tapped full wave rectifier provides higher efficiency, lower ripple, and nearly double the output voltage of a half wave rectifier but is more expensive and requires more space.

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    1. A full wave rectifier converts both the positive and negative half cycles of an AC input into DC output by using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer. 2. During the positive half cycle, one diode conducts while the other is reverse biased, and their roles switch during the negative half cycle, resulting in DC output across the entire AC cycle. 3. The center-tapped full wave rectifier provides higher efficiency, lower ripple, and nearly double the output voltage of a half wave rectifier but is more expensive and requires more space.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    871 views5 pages

    Full Wave Rectifier

    Uploaded by

    सूरज कुमार
    1. A full wave rectifier converts both the positive and negative half cycles of an AC input into DC output by using two diodes and a center-tapped transformer. 2. During the positive half cycle, one diode conducts while the other is reverse biased, and their roles switch during the negative half cycle, resulting in DC output across the entire AC cycle. 3. The center-tapped full wave rectifier provides higher efficiency, lower ripple, and nearly double the output voltage of a half wave rectifier but is more expensive and requires more space.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

    The circuits which convert alternating current (AC) into direct current
    (DC) are known as rectifiers. If such rectifiers rectify both the positive and
    negative half cycles of an input alternating waveform, the rectifiers are
    referred as full wave rectifiers. Alternatively, we can say, a rectifier is a
    device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). It
    does it by using a diode or a group of diodes. We know that a diode
    permits current only in one direction and blocks the current in the other.
    We use this principle to construct various rectifiers.
    We can classify rectifiers into two types:
    1. Half Wave Rectifier
    2. Full Wave Rectifier

    A centre-tapped full wave rectifier system consists of:

    1. Centre-tapped Transformer
    2. Two Diodes
    3. Resistive Load
    Centre-tapped Transformer: – It is a normal transformer with one slight
    modification. It has an addition wire connected to the exact centre of the
    secondary winding. This type of construction divides the AC voltage into
    two equal and opposite voltages namely +Ve voltage (Va) and -Ve
    voltage(Vb). The total output voltage is
    The circuit diagram is as follows

    Working of Centre-tapped Full Wave Rectifier

    We apply an AC voltage to the input transformer. During the positive


    half-cycle of the AC voltage, terminal 1 will be positive, centre-tap will be
    at zero potential and terminal 2 will be negative potential. This will lead to
    forward bias in diode D1 and cause current to flow through it. During this
    time, diode D2 is in reverse bias and will block current through it.
    During the negative half-cycle of the input AC voltage, terminal 2 will
    become positive with relative to terminal 2 and centre-tap. This will lead
    to forward bias in diode D2 and cause current to flow through it. During
    this time, diode D1 is in reverse bias and will block current through it.

    During the positive cycle, diode D1 conducts and during negative

    cycle diode D2 conducts


    and during positive cycle. As a result, both half-cycles are allowed to pass
    through. The average output DC voltage here is almost twice of the DC
    output voltage of a half-wave rectifier.

    Output Waveforms
    Characteristics of a Full-wave Rectifier

    Ripple Factor (γ)

    The output we will get from the rectifier will consist of both AC and DC
    components. The AC components are undesirable to us and will cause
    pulsations in the output. This unwanted AC components are called
    Ripple. The expression ripple factor is given above where Vrms is the RMS
    value of the AC component and Vdc is the DC component in the rectifier.

    For centre-tapped full-wave rectifier, we obtain γ = 0.48

    Note: For us to construct a good rectifier, we need to keep the ripple


    factor as minimum as possible. We can use capacitors or inductors to
    reduce the ripples in the circuit.
    Rectifier Efficiency (η)

    Rectifier efficiency is the ratio between the output DC power and the
    input AC power.

    For centre-tapped full-wave rectifier, ηmax = 81.2%


    Form Factor (F.F)
    The form factor is the ratio between RMS value and average value.

    For centre-tapped full wave rectifier, FF = 1.11


    Advantages of Full Wave Rectifiers
     Full wave rectifiers have higher rectifying efficiency than half-wave
    rectifiers. This means that they convert AC to DC more efficiently.
     They have low power loss because no voltage signal is wasted in the
    rectification process.
     The output voltage of centre-tapped full wave rectifier has lower
    ripples than a halfwave rectifiers.

    Disadvantages of Full Wave Rectifiers


     The centre-tapped rectifier is more expensive than half-wave
    rectifier and tends to occupy a lot of space.

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