g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Frsf] l:ylt

;+lIfKt cWoog

g]kfn /fi6« a}+s

cg';Gwfg ljefu
@)&^ c;f]h

0
 k|fSsyg
a}+lsË ;]jfdf ;a} g]kfnLsf] kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug]{ gLlt cg'?k o; a}+sn] ljQLo kx'Fr lj:tf/df
hf]8 lbb} cfPsf] 5 . o;} qmddf kl5Nnf] ;dodf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zfvf lj:tf/ tLj|
?kdf eO/x]sf] 5 . ut Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf dfq a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf @ xhf/ eGbf a9L
zfvf ylkPsf 5g\ . s'n &%# :yfgLo txx?dWo] &#( txx?df jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] zfvf
k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L k|lt a}+s zfvf hg;+Vof pNn]Vo ?kn] 36\b} uPsf]] 5 eg] s'n
hg;+Vofsf] xf/fxf/Ldf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] lgIf]k vftf ;+Vof k'Ug] cj:yfdf 5 . o;
k[i7e"lddf k|:t't cWoogn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k vftf /x]sf] hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df
ljQLo kx'Frsf] l:ylt dfkg u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf cltl/Qm cGo ljleGg ;+:yfx?af6 ljQLo kx'Fr ;DaGwL cWoog tyf ljZn]if0f
x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . oL cWoogx?n] ;d]t g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Fr a9\b} uPsf] b]vfPsf 5g\ . ljQLo
kx'Frsf ljljw ;"rs ePsf] kl/k|]Iodf o; cWoogn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k vftf ePsf]
hg;+VofnfO{ ljQLo kx'Frsf] Pp6f dfgssf] ?kdf lnPsf] 5 . o;sf nflu jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf;
a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?df /x]sf g]kfnLsf] tLgk':t] ljj/0fnfO{ ljZn]if0f u/L Ps JolQmsf] Ps eGbf
a9L /x]sf vftfx?nfO{ x6fP/ Ps JolQm Ps vftf x]bf{ sl/a ! s/f]8 *) nfv lgIf]k vftf
;+Vof b]lvPsf] 5 . of] ;+Vof g]kfnsf]] s'n hg;+Vofsf] ^)=( k|ltzt x'g cfpF5 . o;n] g]kfndf
sDtLdf ^)=( k|ltzt hg;+Vofdf a}+lsË kx'Fr k'u]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . o;df n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf /
art tyf C0f ;xsf/Laf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ hg;+VofnfO{ ;dfj]z ug]{ xf] eg] of] lx:;f cem} a9\g]
x'G5 .
k|:t't cWoogaf6 ljQLo kxF'rsf] kl5Nnf] l:ylt klxrfg ePsf]n] cWoog k|ltj]bg ljQLo If]qdf
rf;f] /fVg] ;a}sf nflu pkof]uL x'g] ljZjf; lnPsf] 5' . cWoog ;DkGg ug{ dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg
k'¥ofpg' x'g] o; ljefusf lgb]{zsåo 8f= /fdz/0f v/]n / >L bL3{ axfb'/ /fjn tyf pk–
lgb]{zs >L gGb s'df/ 9sfn / ;xfos lgb]{zs >L ldqk|;fb ltlD;gf nufot df}lb|s tyf k"FhL
ahf/ zfvfsf ;a} clws[t tyf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . To;}u/L, cWoog ;DkGg
ug{ tYofÍ pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' x'g] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? k|lt klg cfef/ JoQm
ub{5' .

8f= u'0ffs/ e§
sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs

1
 ljifo ;"rL

!= kl/ro 2
@= g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Fr dfkg ;DaGwL ljutsf cWoogx? 1
#= ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg 2
#=! a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof / zfvf lj:tf/ @
#=@ a}+s zfvf / hg;+Vof cg'kft 3
#=# :yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo a}+ssf] pkl:ylt 4
#=$ ljQLo k|ljlw / ljQLo ;]jf lj:tf/ 4
#=% lgIf]k / shf{ vftf ;+Vof 5
#=^ lgIf]k vftfsf] cfwf/df ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg 5
$= lgisif{{ 6
;Gbe{ ;fdu|L

2
 g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Frsf] l:ylt
;+lIfKt cWoog

1. kl/ro
1.1. gful/snfO{ ;j{;'ne ?kdf u'0f:t/Lo ljQLo ;]jf k'¥ofpg' s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ p2]Zo
xf] . o;sf] nflu s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] Psflt/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;]jf lj:tf/sf] ;fy} ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/
clej[l4df Wofg lbPsf] x'G5 eg] csf]{tkm{ gful/sdf ljQLo ;fIf/tf nufot ljQLo ;]jf pkof]u
clej[l4 ug{ hfgsf/Ld"ns / r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx? ;~rfngdf NofPsf] x'G5 .
1.2. ;fdfGotof ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkgaf6 gful/ssf] ljQLo ;]jfdf kx'Frsf] :t/ klxrfg x'G5 .
ljQLo ;]jfdf gful/ssf] kx'Fr k'Ug ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] lj:tf/ x'g'sf] ;fy} ljQLo pks/0fx?sf]
pknAwtf x'g' cfjZos 5 . gful/sdf ljQLo ;]jfsf] pkof]u ug]{ rfxgf / cfjZostf b'a} x'g'
kb{5 . cyf{t\ ljQLo kx'Fr ;'lglZrt x'g ljQLo ;]jfsf] cfk"lt{ / dfu b'a} kIf ;'b[9 x'g h?/L
5.
1.3. ;fdfGotof, ljQLo kx'Frsf] cfFsngdf d'n'ssf] s'n hg;+Vof / a}s zfvf cg'kft x]g]{ k|rng
/x]sf] 5 . of] cg'kft 36\b} hfbf ljQLo kx'Fr a9\b} uPsf] cg'dfg ul/G5 . o; jfx]s ljQLo
pks/0fx? vf;u/L lgIf]k / shf{sf] vftf ;+Vof tyf 8]lj6 sf8{ / qm]l86 sf8{ cflbsf]
pkof]usf] ljZn]if0faf6 klg ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg ug{] k|rng /x]sf] 5 .
1.4. k|:t't cWoogdf g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Frsf ;DaGwdf ljutdf ePsf cWoogx?sf] glthfsf]
;dLIff ub}{] hg;+Vof k|lt a}+s zfvf, k|b]zut a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] pkl:ylt, :yfgLo txdf
jfl0fHo a}+ssf] pkl:ylt / g]kfnL gful/ssf JolQmut lgIf]k vftf ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df ljQLo
kx'Frsf] dfkg tyf ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . cWoog ;DkGg ug{ d"ntM ;a} jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf;
a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?df /x]sf] lgIf]k vftfx?sf] ljj/0f ;+sng u/L gful/sn] vftf vf]Nbf a}+sdf
k]z ug]{ tLg k':t] ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df Ps JolQmsf] Ps dfq lgIf]k vftf cfFsng ul/Psf] 5 .
1.5. of] cWoog ljz]ifu/L ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkgdf s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . k|ltj]bgsf] csf]{ v08df ljutdf
ePsf cWoogx?af6 ljQLo kx'Frsf] l:ylt dfkg ;f/f+zdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . To;kl5sf]
v08df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 k|fKt ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ljQLo kxF'rsf] l:ylt dfkg
ul/Psf] 5 .

2. g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Fr dfkg ;DjGwL ljutsf cWoogx?

2.1. g]kfn hLjg:t/ ;j]{If0f @)^^÷^& sf cg';f/ $) k|ltzt 3/kl/jf/ #) ldg]6 leq jfl0fHo
a}+sdf k'Ug ;Sg] l:ylt /x]sf] 5 . t/ u|fdL0f / zx/L If]qdf ljQLo kx'Frdf pRr leGgtf
b]lvPsf] 5 . zx/L If]qdf *( k|ltzt hgtf #) ldg]6 leq glhssf] jfl0fHo a}+s zfvfdf k'Ug
;S5g\ eg] u|fdL0f If]qdf @& k|ltzt hgtf dfq of] ;dodf glhssf] jfl0fHo a}+s zfvfdf k'Ug]
l:ylt /x]sf] 5 . Ps 306f leq jfl0fHo a}+s k'Ug ;Sg] 3/kl/jf/ t/fO{ If]qdf &% k|ltzt,
kxf8df $% k|ltzt / lxdfndf !& k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . jfl0fHo a}+sdf k'Ug nfUg] cf};t ;do
zx/L If]qdf !^ ldg]6 / u|fdL0f If]qdf !#% ldg]6 /x]sf] 5 .

1
 2.2. pQm ;j]{If0fsf cg';f/ sl/a @) k|ltzt 3/kl/jf/n] dfq j}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?af6 shf{
lnPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
2.3. ;g\ @)!$ df ;DkGg FinScope Survey cg';f/ g]kfnsf s'n jo:sx?dWo] $) k|ltztsf] a}+s
;]jfdf kx'Fr /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . pQm ;j]{If0f cg';f/ zx/L If]qsf %^ k|ltzt / u|fdL0f If]qsf
#^ k|ltzt jo:sx?sf] a}+lsË ;]jfdf kx'Fr /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
2.4. ljZj a}+ssf] Global Findex Database cg';f/ ;g\ @)!& df !% jif{ eGbf a9L pd]/sf %)
k|ltzt k'?if / $@ k|ltzt dlxnf u/L cf};tdf $% k|ltzt g]kfnLsf] a}+s vftf /x]sf] b]lvPsf]
5 . ;f] ljj/0f cg';f/ k|fylds jf ;f] eGbf sd lzIff cfh{g u/]sf JolQmx?sf] ;d"xdWo] $@
k|ltztsf] / dfWolds tx jf ;f] eGbf a9L lzIff cfh{g u/]sf JolQmx?sf] ;d"xdWo] %(
k|ltztsf] a}+s vftf /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
2.5. o; a}+sn] cl3Nnf] jif{ u/]sf] ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf n3'ljQ ;]jfsf] kx'Fr ;DaGwL cWoog cg';f/ *!
k|ltzt 3/kl/jf/ cfwf 306f eGbf sd ;dodf s'g} g s'g} ljQLo ;+:yfdf k'Ug ;Sg] l:ylt
b]lvPsf] 5 .

3. ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg

3.1. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof / zfvf lj:tf/
3.1.1. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ufEg]÷ufleg] tyf k|flKt ug]{ gLlt cjnDjg ug{ yflnP otfsf] sl/j
Ps bzssf] cjlwdf j}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof 36\b} uPsf] 5 . ;f] cg';f/ @)&!
c;f/df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof @)$ /x]sf]df @)&% c;f/df !%! df em/]sf] 5 eg]
s]xL gofF n3'ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] Ohfht ylkPsf]n] @)&^ ;fpgdf !&! k'u]sf] 5 -rf6{ !_ .

rf6{ ! M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+: yfsf] ;+V of

210 204
200 192
190
178
180 171 171
170
160 151
149
150
140
@)&! @)&@ @)&# @)&$ @)&% @)&^ @)&^
c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ ;fpg

3.1.2. kl5Nnf jif{x?df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zfvf lj:tf/ tLj| ultdf eO/x]sf] 5 . ljut $
jif{sf] cjlwdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zfvf ;+Vof bf]Aa/ eO{ @)&^ ;fpgdf **)% k'u]sf]
5 . @)&% c;f/df a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zfvf ;+Vof ^^%) /x]sf] lyof] -rf6{ @_.

2
 rf6{ @ M a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+: yfsf] zfvf ;+V of
8686 8805
9000
8000
7000 6650

6000
5068
5000 4274
3838
4000 3456
3000
@)&! @)&@ @)&# @)&$ @)&% @)&^ @)&^
c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ c;f/ ;fpg

3.2. a}s zfvf / hg;+Vof cg'kft

3.2.1. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zfvf lj:tf/;Fu} Ps a}+s zfvfaf6 ;]jf k|fKt ug{;Sg] cf};t
hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/ klg qmdzM 36\b} uPsf] 5 . @)&% c;f/ d;fGtdf s'n hg;+Vof / j}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zfvf ;+Vofsf] cg'kft $##$ /x]sf]df @)&^ c;f/ d;fGtdf ##^# df
em/]sf] 5 -rf6{ #_ .

rf6{ # M a}+s tyf l jQLo ;+: yfsf Ps zfvfn] ;]jf l bg;Sg]

cf}; t h g;+Vof
8000
7666
7000 7206
6562
6000
5610
5000
4334
4000
3363
3000
@)&! c;f/ @)&@ c;f/ @)&# c;f/ @)&$ c;f/ @)&% c;f/ @)&^ c;f/

3.2.2. k|b]zut ?kdf k|lt a}+s zfvf hg;+Vof cg'kft ;a} eGbf sd u08sL k|b]z / ;a} eGbf a9L
s0ff{nL k|b]zdf b]lvPsf] 5 -tflnsf !_ .
tflnsf !
k|b]zut k|ltzfvf hg;+Vof
k|b]z s'n zfvf hg;+Vof* k|ltzfvf hg;+Vof
k|b]z ! 1,456 5,068,144 3,481
k|b]z @ 1,223 6,039,543 4,938
k|b]z # 2,231 6,179,583 2,770
Uf08sL k|b]z 1,190 2,686,381 2,257
k|b]z % 1,704 5,028,279 2,951
s0ff{nL k|b]z 354 1,755,062 4,958
;'b"/ klZrd k|b]z 647 2,852,632 4,409
s'n÷cf};t 8,805 29,609,623 3,363
* s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefun] k|sfzg u/]sf] k|b]zut tYofÍsf] lx:;fsf cfwf/df u0fgf ul/Psf] -;g\ @)!(_ .

3
3.3. :yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo a}+ssf] pkl:ylt
3.3.1. ;a} :yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo j}+sx?sf] sDtLdf Ps zfvf k'¥ofpg] gLlt cg'?k cg'?k @)&^
c;f]h;Dddf &#( :yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] zfvf lj:tf/ ePsf]] 5 . @)&% c;f/
d;fGt;Dd ^#! / @)&$ c;f/ d;fGtdf @(^ :yfgLo txx?df dfq jfl0fHo a}sx?sf zfvf
lj:tf/ ePsf]] lyof] .
3.3.2. @)&^ c;f]h dlxgf;Dddf k|b]z % sf ;a} :yfgLo txx?df jfl0fHo a}+ssf zfvf k'lu;s]sf] 5
eg] ;'b'/ klZrd k|b]zsf ^ :yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo a}+ssf zfvf k'Ug afFsL /x]sf] 5 . k|b]z ! /
u08sL k|b]zsf Ps Ps :yfgLo tx / s0ff{nL k|b]z, k|b]z # / k|b]z @ sf b'O{ b'O{ :yfgLo
txx?df cem} a}+s zfvf k'u]sf 5}gg\ -tflnsf @_ .
tflnsf @
:yfgLo txdf jfl0fHo a}+sx?sf] pkl:ylt
jfl0fHo a}+ssf] pkl:ylt /x]sf :yfgLo tx jfl0fHo a}+s k'Ug afFsL
k|b]z :yfgLo txsf] ;+Vof
@)&% c;f/ @)&^ c;f]h :yfgLo tx
k|b]z ! 137 112 136 1
k|b]z @ 136 122 134 2
k|b]z # 119 107 117 2
u08sL k|b]z 85 74 84 1
k|b]z % 109 99 109 0
s0ff{nL k|b]z 79 54 77 2
;'b"/ klZrd k|b]z 88 63 82 6
s'n 753 631 739 14

3.4. ljQLo k|ljlw / ljQLo ;]jf lj:tf/

3.4.1. kl5Nnf] ;dodf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf Pl6Pd ;+Vof pNn]Vo j[l4 x'Fb} @)&^ c;f/
d;fGtdf ##!^ k'u]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf] jif{ of] ;+Vof @&(! /x]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L 8]lj6 sf8{, qm]l86
sf8{sf] k|of]udf ;d]t tLj|tf cfPsf] 5 -tflnsf #_ .
tflnsf #
Pl6Pd, 8]lj6 / qm]l86 sf8{ ;+Vof
ljj/0f 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076

Pl6Pd 1652 1721 1908 2081 2791 3316

8]lj6 sf8{ 4131242 4531787 4657125 4980958 5544253 6708521
qm]l86 sf8{ 57898 43895 52014 68966 104721 123146

3.4.2. df]jfOn a}+lsË k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof @)&# df !& nfv %% xhf/ /x]sf]df @)&^ ;Dddf sl/a %
u'0ffn] j[l4 eO{ *# nfv $& xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf OG6/g]6 a}+lsË k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof
;d]t % nfvaf6 a9]/ ( nfv k'u]sf] 5 . To;}u/L, zfvf /lxt a}+lsË s]Gb|sf]] ;+Vof klg a9\b}
uPsf] 5 -tflnsf $_ .

4
 tflnsf $
df]jfOn, OG6/g]6 / zfvf /lxt a}+lsË ;]jf
2073 2074 2075 2076
ljj/0f
df]jfOn a}+lsÍ k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof 17,54,566 26,69,732 50,86,069 83,47,187

OG6/g]6 a}+lsÍ k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof 5,15,465 783751 834302 917344

zfvf /lxt a}lsË s]Gb| 812 1008 1285 1530

zfvf /lxt a}lsË s]Gb|sf k|of]ustfsf] ;+Vof 2,13,084 1,27,004 1,30,660 1,68,307

3.5. lgIf]k / shf{ vftf ;+Vof

3.5.1. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zfvf lj:tf/;Fu} oL ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k / shf{ vftfsf] ;+Vof pNn]Vo
a9\b} uPsf] 5 . @)&^ c;f/ d;fGtdf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?df u/L !$
nfv $) xhf/ shf{ vftf /x]sf] b]lvG5 . @)&% c;f/ d;fGtdf o:tf] ;+Vof !# nfv ! xhf/
/x]sf] lyof] .
3.5.2. To;}u/L, @)&^ c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?df vf]lnPsf
JolQmut lgIf]k vftfsf] ;+Vof @ s/f]8 &* nfv ^& xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 . @)&% c;f/ d;fGtdf
o:tf] ;+Vof @ s/f]8 #% nfv $% xhf/ /x]sf] lyof] -rf6{ $_ .

rf6{ $ M lgIf]k tyf shf{ vftf ;+V of -nfvdf_

300 15
279 14
250 14
235
200 198 13 13
168
150 149 12 12
131
100 11 11
10
50 10
9
0 9
2071 2072 2073 2074 2075 2076
lgIf]k vftf ;+Vof -afofF_ shf{ vftf ;+Vof -bfofF_

3.6. lgIf]k vftfsf] cfwf/df ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg

3.6.1. JolQmn] a}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k vftf vf]n]sf] cfwf/df klg ljQLo kx'Frsf] dfkg ug{
;lsG5 . of] ljlw cjnDag ubf{ ;a} lgIf]k vftf u0fgf ug'{sf] ;fy} Ps JolQmsf] Ps eGbf a9L
lgIf]k vftf ePdf ;f] bf]xf]/f]kgf x6fpg' cfjZos x'G5 .
3.6.2. @)&^ h]7 d;fGtdf jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?df :jb]zL / ljb]zL u/L s'n @
s/f]8 &* nfv ^& xhf/ cyf{t s'n hg;+Vofsf] ($=! k|ltzt lgIf]k vftf /x]sf] 5 . oL
a}+sx?df gful/sn] vftf vf]Nbf k]z ug]{ tLg k':t] ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df Ps JolQmsf] Ps eGbf
a9L lgIf]k vftf / ljb]zL gful/ssf] lgIf]k vftf x6fpbf sl/a ! s/f]8 *) nfv gful/ssf]
JolQmut art vftf sfod x'g cfp5 .

5
 3.6.3. ;f] cg';f/ lj=;+= @)&^ df g]kfnsf] hg;+Vof @ s/f]8 (^ nfv /x]sf] cg'dfg1 ubf{ ^)=(
k|ltzt g]kfnL gful/ssf] sDtLdf Ps lgIf]k vftf /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o;n] g]kfnsf] s'n
hg;+Vofsf] sDtLdf ^)=( k|ltztsf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:Yffdf kx'Fr /x]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 .

4. lgisif{{
4.1. g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Fr tLa| ?kdf a9\b} uPsf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+VofTds j[l4;Fu}
Psflt/ zfvf lj:tf/ / csf]tkm{ ljQLo k|ljlwsf] k|of]u tLa| ?kdf a9\b} uPsf]n] ljQLo kx'Fr
lj:tf/ x'Fb} uPsf] xf] .
4.2. a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|ltzfvf hg;+Vof sl/a ##)) df cfOk'u]sf] 5 . lgIf]k vftf ;+Vof
pNn]Vo j[l4 eO{ @ s/f]8 &* nfv / shf{ vftfsf] ;+Vof !$ nfv $) xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 .
df]jfOn a}lsË k|of]ustf{sf] ;+Vof *# nfv $& xhf/ / hf/L ePsf 8]lj6 sf8{sf] ;+Vof ^&
nfv ( xhf/ k'u]sf] 5 .
4.3. kl5Nnf] ;dodf g]kfndf a}+lsË ;]jfdf kx'Fr pNn]Vo j[l4 eO{ ^)=( k|ltzt g]kfnL gful/ssf]
sDtLdf Ps lgIf]k vftf /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . n3'ljQ ljQLo ;+:yf / art tyf C0f ;xsf/L
;+:yfsf] ljQLo ;]jfnfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfndf ljQLo kx'Fr yk lj:tf/ ePsf]
cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

1
https://cbs.gov.np/population-projection-2011-2031/ (Medium Variant)

6
;Gbe{ ;fdu|L
s]Gb|Lo tYofÍ ljefu, -@)!!_= æg]kfn hLjg:t/ ;j]{If0f–t];|f] @)^^÷^&Æ, g]kfn ;/sf/ .
g]kfn /fi6« a}+s, -@)&%_= æ;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf n3'ljQ ;]jfsf] kx'Fr tyf ;+/rgfÆ, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s .
UNCDF. (2015). FinScope Survey Highlights, Kathmandu: UNCDF.

World Bank Group. (2017). The Global Findex database.