Chapter 2

Chapter II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Method
This study main focuses on the factors affecting the deterioration of
Cultural Values among the Grade 7 STE students of Tagumpay Nagaño High
School. The researchers choose a survey research because it best served to
answer the questions and the purposes of the study. The questionnaires will
be distributed randomly with indicated numbers among the Grade 7 of
Tagumpay Nagaño High School.
Questionnaires were chosen for this research because they are a
reliable and quick method to gather information from multiple respondents
within several weeks in an efficient and timely manner. This is especially
important when it comes to large projects, with several complex objectives,
where time is one of the major limitations. Data can be collected
relatively quickly because the researcher would no need to be presented
when the questionnaires were completed. However, the general problem or the
disadvantage of using questionnaire is their fixed and strict format, which
eliminates the possibilities of the researchers to know more depth
information and observation. The respondents may tell lie too to the answer
that their writing because of lack of social desirability and that they
want to appear better than they are to please the researcher.
Research Locale
The study was conducted at Tagumpay Nagaño High School. Tagumpay
Nagaño High School started to operate in the year 2015, under the name
Mambangnan High School Special Science Class Extension Campus, through the
initiative of the Municipal Mayor, Hon. Froilan A. Nagaño, together with
the Sangguniang Bayan and the concerted efforts of the Barangay Captain,
Hon. Jessie M. Alcantara, FPTA President Nelson M. Catacutan and the
OIC/Assistant School Principal II, Laura A. Cruz.
It all started as a vision. As the surrounding cities have their own
Science High Schools, the visionary leader and father of San Leonardo, Hon.
Froilan A. Nagaño, thought of the possibility of establishing one in San
Leonardo so the aspiring and promising students of the municipality need
not to travel far to study under specialized curricular. Its establishment
also aimed at supporting the students to excel academically especially in
the field of Science and Mathematics; it being a Special Science Class.
This place was picked for us to know the efficiency of the study of
the factors affecting the deterioration of cultural values. This study was
implemented on the grade 7 STE students of TNHS. This study has named the
factors affecting the deterioration of the cultural values. The research
study was implemented inside the vicinity of the school, clean room and
organized chairs that's enough for the participants.
Figure 2. Locator’s Map
Sample and Sampling Procedure
From TNHS, we will get a sample of 77 students of Grade 7 STE
students. We will use snowball sampling procedure because this sampling
procedure is a nonprobability sampling technique. Using this sample
technique, the research participants will recruit other participants for
our study.
Table 1
Respondents’ Population
TNHS Grade 7 Students

STE Students 95
Total 95
Data Gathering Procedure

The Instrument
In order to get the data we used for our study, we used questionnaire
as an instrument. We used questionnaire because it is effective way of
obtaining information from a large sample of respondents also, it doesn't
take a lot of time because the respondents will just check the appropriate
scale that corresponds their thought.
In our questionnaire, the part I contains the profile of the
respondents including name(optional), age and sex. The second part contains
the cultural values that the grade 7 students used to do. They will rate it
according to given rating scale. On the last part, the factors that we
thought are affecting their cultural values are enumerated. It is
subdivided into parts, the first part includes internal factors. Internal
factors are divided into three which are the emotional breakdowns,
increased freedom and the influenced of media. Next to internal factors are
external factors. External factors are also subdivided into three: poor
parenting, the influence of friends and condoning attitude of society. The
statements were provided in each factors there is also a rating scale that
will serves as guide for their answers.
Table 2
Rating Scale for the Use of Cultural Values of Grade 7 STE Students
Scale
1 Always
2 Often
3 Seldom
4 Never
Table 3
Rating Scale for the Factors Affecting the Deterioration of Cultural Values
Scale Range Verbal Description

4 3.25 - 4.00 Always
3 2.50 – 3.24 Often
2 1.75 – 2.49 Sometimes
1 1.00 – 1.74 Never
Construction of the Instrument

In making the questionnaire needed for our study, all of us helped in
making the statements written on the Questionnaire. We also encountered
some problems and slight revisions on our first Questionnaire. We are told
to emphasize the content of our questionnaire and itemize the statements,
we are also told that we should align the statements according to the study
and also to translate the directions written on the paper. On our second
attempt, we also encountered some problems and major revisions where we
categorized and made tables for each factor of our study. We are also told
that we should make the Statement of the Problem and Questionnaire parallel
to each other, we are also advised that we should remove some item
statements that doesn’t go well with the study and lastly, is the
translation of the item statements. In our, third time passing the
questionnaire where we did all the revisions, it was already accepted and
ready to be answered.
Administration of the Instrument
The researchers made a questionnaire and a letter that acts as the
instrument. Then before the questionnaire is laid on the study, the
researcher first verified it to our consultant if there's anything invalid
to the content of our questionnaire and as well as the letter of approval.
After it was approved by the consultant, we produced a total of 77 copies
of the questionnaire. We made a snowball sampling by making the research
participants to recruit other participants and we also used random sampling
by randomly pick the names with indicated number. We then gave the letter
to the assigned teacher and distributed the questionnaire to the
respondents and they only answered it for 3-5 minutes. Finally, the
gathered data was tabulated and proceed to the next step.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The aim of this study is to find out the different factors affecting
the deterioration of cultural values among Grade 7 STE students.
Statistical treatment of data is essential to make use of the gathered data
in the right form. The researchers will use different statistical treatment
with different formulas to briefly organized the data gathered from using
questionnaires answered by the Grade 7 STE students. The organization of
data is equally important in this study so that appropriate conclusions can
be drawn.
The data to be gathered in this study will be subjected to the
following statistical treatment:
1. Frequency Counts and Percentages
A frequency and percentage distribution is a display of data that
specifies the percentage of observations that exist for each point of data
points.
The process of creating frequency counts and percentages involves
identifying the total number of observations to be presented and counting
the total number of observations with each data point or grouping of data
points.
Percentage is calculated by taking the frequency in the category divided
by the total number of participants multiplying by 100%.
FORMULA:
f
P= X 100
N
where:
P = percentage
f = frequency
n = number of respondent
100 = constant
2. Weighted Mean
A weighted mean is a kind of average. Instead of each data point
contributing equally to the final mean, some data points contribute more
“weight” than others.
It is calculated by multiplying the weight (or probability) associated
with a particular event or outcome and then summing all the products
together.
In short, each number in the data set is multiplied by a predetermined
weight before the final calculation is made.
FORMULA:
X́ =
∑ [(f )(w)]
n
where:
X́ = weighted mean
f = frequencies to the given
w = weights
n = total number of respondents
3. Interval of a Likert Scale
Interval scales are numeric scales in which we know both the order and
the exact differences between the values. It is defined as a quantitative
measurement scale where the differences between 2 variables is meaningful.
Interval scale is the third level of measurement. In other words, the
variables are measured in actuals and not as a relative manner, where the
presence of zero is arbitrary.
FORMULA:
Hs−Ls
I=
Hs
where:
I = interval
Hs = highest score
Ls = lowest score

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Chapter II

TNHS Grade 7 Students

Data Gathering Procedure

Scale Range Verbal Description

Construction of the Instrument

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