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Unit A1 Translating and Translation

This document discusses various topics related to translation. It begins by defining translation and noting its diversity and multi-disciplinary nature. It then discusses categories of translation according to Jakobson and different types including the purpose, subject matter, document type, and media. The document also covers note-taking and reviewing skills for translators, as well as sight translation. Finally, it discusses editing and revising translations, and the role of translators as intercultural mediators.

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Ana Pellicer
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177 views

Unit A1 Translating and Translation

This document discusses various topics related to translation. It begins by defining translation and noting its diversity and multi-disciplinary nature. It then discusses categories of translation according to Jakobson and different types including the purpose, subject matter, document type, and media. The document also covers note-taking and reviewing skills for translators, as well as sight translation. Finally, it discusses editing and revising translations, and the role of translators as intercultural mediators.

Uploaded by

Ana Pellicer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit A1 Translating and Translation(s)

What is (general) translation?

 Translation as a phenomenon
 Broad phenomenon
 Varieties of languages and media
 Communication problems
 Cultural transfer
 Community interpreting
 Intercultural mediation

Translation: Definitions

1. The act or an instance of translating. A written or spoken expression of the meaning of


a word, speech, book, etc. in another language Concise Oxford English Dictionary
2. An incredibly broad notion that can be understood in many ways. Dictionary of
translation Studies

Translation is interpreting

There’s not an exact definition for translation

In short

 diverse
 multi-face
 multi-disciplinary

There are as many translations as translators there are.

Not everyone translates something in the same way due to not everyone has the same
knowledge.

When we do audio description we are translating?

It’s for blind people, in films there is an off-voice that is narrating what is being seen.

An English audio description is not the same as a Spanish description, they interpret what is
seen in a different way because of the culture and the language.

Translation: Categories

Jakobson (1959)

- Intralingual translation (Or rewording) : translating within the same language to the
other register
- Interlingual translation (or translation proper)
- Intersemiotic: translation (or transmutation)

What do you know about translation?

1) If we do not know the readership of a text, we cannot translate it. F


2) If it is obvious that a text is a translation, then it is a bad translation. F
3) Translating a scientific or technical text is more difficult than translating general or
everyday texts, because scientific or technical text contain many more unfamiliar
words. F It is often more difficult to translate general texts.
4) It is always riskier to do a free than a literal translation because translating freely can
easily lead you away from the proper meaning of a word. F
5) Translators need bilingual dictionary because it tells them which word to use in the
text and where to use it. F
6) It cannot be the task of the translator to make a translated text easier to understand
than the original text for its readers. F
7) Ideally, a back translation will reproduce the original text. F
8) In every language, there are some words that are untranslatable. F
9) Even if two experienced translators translate one and the same text, their translation
will be different. This shows that subjectivity and individual taste play such an
important role in translating that it is probably possible to explain the phenomenon on
the basis of an objective model. T There’s not an objective model to translate
10) The source text is the yardstick by which the quality of a translation is measured. F

Types of translations

Function or Purpose

Judicial/ Medical/ Marketing/ Editorial translation

Subject matter

Literary/ technical/ legal/ economic, medical…

Types of document

Translation of reports, travel guides, patents, users ‘manuals

Types of media

 Multimedia translation
 Audio-visual translation
 Localisation

Other modalities

written translations vs interpreting

direct vs indirect translation

direct vs. inverse translation

Note-taking and Reviewing

Competent translator: two simultaneous

Essential, most particularly in interpreting

It is necessary both

to keep in mind what the speaker has said or what we dhave read in a text

to select the most important details


Sight translation/interpretation

“The oral rendering of a written text from one language into another”

Heavily dependent on time and space variables…

…and also on the combination of translation modes.

 A complete and ‘faithful’ translation

Sight translation: Skills

 Immediate and effective reading and speaking skills


 Automatic shift from a written to an oral mode
 To convey the main ideas of a ST to a person who does not know the SL (intercultural
mediation)

Sight Translation: Tips

 Adopt a comfortable position in order to read and translate


 Skim the text in order to determine its topic, length, development, etc.
 Keep eye contact with your interlocutor
 Start your sight translation at a regular and slow-paced rhythm to read the ST in
advance
 Focus on the basis ideas, and reformulate/rephrase them as naturally as possible
 Make sure you do not remain silent in your delivery
 Make your delivery fully coherent; for which reformulation and summarising will
be essential
 Do not go back in your transition; should you have forgotten an important idea,
pick it up and reorganise the passage you are in.
 Do not use too many synonyms; if you don’t remember a specif term, use a
hypernym or any other generalisation strategy or description

ruling: fallo/resolución

in the pipeline: en proceso/en curso

repossessed:

auction:

undermine:

pre-empt:

erase:

deletion:

ubiquitous:

Editing/ Revising
REVISING.

 Draft translations
 Mistranslations/ Errors

AIMS

Accuracy and language quality

Tailor the text to its prospective readers

+
EDITING

Not to translations
Typographical/ punctuation errors
Format and layout
Lexical
..
4 types of amending work…

Copyediting

“micro-level work”

grammar and spelling convenctions

rules of good usage

house style/client

Structural editing

reorganising the text

signalling relations

Stylistic editing

Adapt vocabulary and sentence structure to the readership

Improve

..

Copyediting
 Lack of consensus on spelling /grammar rules
 Standardization
 ‘(un)permeability’ of the publishing authorities
 the client’s needs and demands
 the publisher’s house style
Let’s eat Grandma

or

Let’s eat, Grandma

Stylistic editing
TAILORING TO READERSHIP

 Reader’s knowledge of the field, concepts and terminology


 Level of education
 When/where the translation is consumed
 The writer-reader relationship
HIGHLY SUBJECTIVE-RISK OF OVERDITING

(falta)

Intercultural Mediation
Translators as mediators
Emphasis on intercultural
culture and translation  increasingly linked
translation 
Immigration..
Societies > undergoing a series of changes
More hybrid societies

 greater mobility
 concentrations of people and culture in cities
 religious belief and cultural practices of all minorities
Abilities…
A Good command of the native language
A good command of at least one foreign language
A good knowledge of history, culture, religion of the countries the immigrants
come form
A good knowledge of basic legislation
Intercultural mediation
- Hospitals
- Immigration reception centres
- Municipal services
- Services

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