Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 89 views

    2.notes On Factors Affecting Solvation

    Uploaded by

    Amaris Hopkins
    The document discusses several key factors that affect solvation and solubility: - Solvation occurs through interactions between solute and solvent particles upon contact in a solution. Electrolytes conduct electricity in water while nonelectrolytes do not. - Properties like surface area, agitation, temperature, and pressure can increase the rate of solvation by facilitating more contact between solute and solvent particles. - "Like dissolves like" - polar solutes dissolve best in polar solvents due to attractions between slightly charged molecules, while nonpolar solutes require nonpolar solvents. - Solutions can be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated depending on the amount of solute dissolved per volume of solvent

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    2.notes On Factors Affecting Solvation

    Uploaded by

    Amaris Hopkins
    89 views2 pages
    The document discusses several key factors that affect solvation and solubility: - Solvation occurs through interactions between solute and solvent particles upon contact in a solution. Electrolytes conduct electricity in water while nonelectrolytes do not. - Properties like surface area, agitation, temperature, and pressure can increase the rate of solvation by facilitating more contact between solute and solvent particles. - "Like dissolves like" - polar solutes dissolve best in polar solvents due to attractions between slightly charged molecules, while nonpolar solutes require nonpolar solvents. - Solutions can be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated depending on the amount of solute dissolved per volume of solvent

    Original Title

    2.Notes_on_Factors_Affecting_Solvation

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses several key factors that affect solvation and solubility: - Solvation occurs through interactions between solute and solvent particles upon contact in a solution. Electrolytes conduct electricity in water while nonelectrolytes do not. - Properties like surface area, agitation, temperature, and pressure can increase the rate of solvation by facilitating more contact between solute and solvent particles. - "Like dissolves like" - polar solutes dissolve best in polar solvents due to attractions between slightly charged molecules, while nonpolar solutes require nonpolar solvents. - Solutions can be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated depending on the amount of solute dissolved per volume of solvent

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    89 views2 pages

    2.notes On Factors Affecting Solvation

    Uploaded by

    Amaris Hopkins
    The document discusses several key factors that affect solvation and solubility: - Solvation occurs through interactions between solute and solvent particles upon contact in a solution. Electrolytes conduct electricity in water while nonelectrolytes do not. - Properties like surface area, agitation, temperature, and pressure can increase the rate of solvation by facilitating more contact between solute and solvent particles. - "Like dissolves like" - polar solutes dissolve best in polar solvents due to attractions between slightly charged molecules, while nonpolar solutes require nonpolar solvents. - Solutions can be unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated depending on the amount of solute dissolved per volume of solvent

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    Notes on Factors Affecting Solvation, Polarity, and Solubility:

    Solvation Process:
     Occurs when solute and solvent particles come in contact with each other to form a solution.
     Electrolytes – a compound that conducts electric current when it dissolves in water – all ionic compounds are
    electrolytes.
     Nonelectrolyte – substance that dissolves in water to make a solution, but does not conduct an electric
    current.

    Factors that affect Rate of Solvation:


     Increasing Surface Area = solvation acts on surface area of solute. Increasing surface area makes solute
    dissolve more quickly.
     Agitating the Solution = by stirring a solution, the solute particles are in contact with fresh solvent. There is
    more contact between the solvent and solute to quicken the process.
     Heating a Solvent = increasing the temperature of a solvent gets the solvent molecules moving around faster.
    Collisions between the solvent and solute are more frequent which quickens the process.
     Pressure = has little change on the solubility of liquids and solids, but an increase in pressure greatly increases
    the amount of gas that will dissolve in a solvent. Think about a Soda that fizzes after you open it.

    Solute – Solvent Interactions: “Like dissolves Like”:


     Substances are more likely to dissolve in substances that have similar properties. Similarities are often based
    on type of bonding(Ionic or Covalent) and the Polarity/Nonpolarity of the molecules.
    o Polar molecules, like Ionic Compounds, will dissolve in polar solvents like Water. The slightly
    charged water molecule attracts/surrounds the ions and keep them separate from each other. Draw
    an example below:

    o Nonpolar molecules, most covalent compounds, will dissolve in nonpolar solvents like Carbon
    Tetrachloride (CCl4) and Toluene (C6H5CH3)
     Let’s practice some together: Will the following compounds dissolve more likely in H 2O or CCl4?
    o NaCl: _____
    o I2: _____
    o Ethanol(C6H2O): : _____
    o Benzene(C6H6): _____
    o KNO3: _____

    Solutions can be:


     Unsaturated – solution containing less solute than a saturated solution under same conditions. (room to
    dissolve more solute)
     Saturated – solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute per volume of solvent.
     Supersaturated – solution contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution under same conditions
    (requires an increased temperature to increase the solubility of solvent – then cooled back down)
    Solubility Curve:
     Is a graph that tells us what mass of solute will dissolve in 100g (100mL) of Water over a range of
    temperatures.
     We can determine areas on a graph where a solution would be considered unsaturated, saturated, and
    supersaturated.
     Let’s sketch a basic solubility curve:

    Class Lab: Collect experimental data to construct a solubility curve for Potassium Nitrate (KNO 3) in water.

    Grams of Potassium Nitrate per 2mL of Water: Crystallization temperature: (Celsius)


    0.4 g
    0.8 g
    1.2 g
    1.6 g
    2.0 g

    Plot your data to create a solubility curve for Potassium Nitrate. Draw a best fitting curve through the data points.

    Answer the questions below:


    1. Using your graph, how many grams of KNO3 can be dissolved in 2.0 mL of water at the following
    temperatures?
    a. 30’ C: _____
    b. 40’ C: _____
    c. 60’ C: _____
    d. 70’ C: _____

    2. Shade/use colors to separate your graph into the following labeled areas: Unsaturated, Saturated,
    Supersaturated.

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy