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    Exp # 13 (Study of Theodolite)

    Uploaded by

    Sudin Pradhan
    The document describes the parts and functions of a digital theodolite. It lists key parts like the trivet, foot screws, tribrach, compass, and spindles. It also explains temporary adjustments made when setting up the theodolite, including centering it over a station, leveling it, and eliminating parallax by focusing the eyepiece and object in the telescope. The theodolite is an instrument that can measure vertical and horizontal angles to survey horizontal distances of traverses.

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    Exp # 13 (Study of Theodolite)

    Uploaded by

    Sudin Pradhan
    96 views4 pages
    The document describes the parts and functions of a digital theodolite. It lists key parts like the trivet, foot screws, tribrach, compass, and spindles. It also explains temporary adjustments made when setting up the theodolite, including centering it over a station, leveling it, and eliminating parallax by focusing the eyepiece and object in the telescope. The theodolite is an instrument that can measure vertical and horizontal angles to survey horizontal distances of traverses.

    Original Description:

    Study of theodolite

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    The document describes the parts and functions of a digital theodolite. It lists key parts like the trivet, foot screws, tribrach, compass, and spindles. It also explains temporary adjustments made when setting up the theodolite, including centering it over a station, leveling it, and eliminating parallax by focusing the eyepiece and object in the telescope. The theodolite is an instrument that can measure vertical and horizontal angles to survey horizontal distances of traverses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    96 views4 pages

    Exp # 13 (Study of Theodolite)

    Uploaded by

    Sudin Pradhan
    The document describes the parts and functions of a digital theodolite. It lists key parts like the trivet, foot screws, tribrach, compass, and spindles. It also explains temporary adjustments made when setting up the theodolite, including centering it over a station, leveling it, and eliminating parallax by focusing the eyepiece and object in the telescope. The theodolite is an instrument that can measure vertical and horizontal angles to survey horizontal distances of traverses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    EXP # 13: To Study the Digital Theodolite by Parts and

    their functions

    Purpose:
    The purpose of this job is to study different parts of Theodolite and temporary adjustments.
    A “theodolite” can measure the vertical and horizontal angles and horizontal distances of any
    traverse.

    Related Information:
    Centering:

    The setting of Theodolite exactly over a station mark by means of a plumb-bob is known
    as centering, the plum-bob is suspended from a hook fixed below the vertical axis.

    Transiting:

    The method of turning the telescope about its horizontal axis in a vertical plane through
    180° is termed as transiting.

    Face left:

    It means that the vertical circle of the Theodolite is on the left of the observer at the time
    of taking reading.

    Face right:

    This refers to the position when the vertical circle of the instrument is on the right of the
    observer when the reading is taken.

    Telescope normal:

    The face left is known as telescope normal or telescope direct. It is also referred to as
    bubble up.

    Telescope inverted:

    The face right position is called “telescope inverted” or telescope reversed. It is also
    termed as bubble down.

    Changing face:

    The operation of bringing the vertical circle from one side of the observer to the other is
    known as changing face.

    Page | 38
    Line of collimation:

    It is the imaginary line passing through the intersection of the cross hairs at the
    diaphragm and the optical center of the object glass and its continuation.

    Axis of telescope:

    It is an imaginary line passing through the optical center of the object glass and optical
    center of the eye-piece.

    Parts of the TRANSIT THEODILITE:

    Trivet:

    It is a circular plate having a central, threaded hole for fixing the Theodolite on the tripod
    stand by a wing nut.

    Foot Screws:

    These are meant for leveling the instrument. The lower part of the foot screws are secured
    in the trivet by means of ball and socket arrangement.

    Tribrach:

    It is the triangular plate carrying the foot screws at its ends.

    Compass:

    It is provided just below the telescope for taking the bearing of the line when required.

    Spindles:

    The Theodolite consists of two spindles or axes (one inner and the other outer). The inner
    axis is solid and conical and the outer is hollow.

    Page | 39
    Transit Theodolite (Optical Theodolite)

    Digital Theodolite
    Page | 40
    Temporary Adjustments of theodolite:

    There are three temporary adjustments of a theodolite. These are

    1. Setting up the theodolite over a station.


    2. Leveling up.
    3. Elimination of parallax.

    1. Setting up:
    It includes two operations
     Centering a theodolite over a station: Done by means of plumb bob.
     Approximately leveling it by tripod legs only: Done by moving tripod legs.

    2. Leveling up:
    Having centered and approximately leveled the instrument, accurate leveling is done with the
    help of foot screws with reference to the plate levels, so that the vertical axis shall be truly
    vertical.

    3. Elimination of Parallax:
    Parallax is a condition arising when the image formed by the objective is not in the plane of the
    cross hairs. Unless parallax is eliminated, accurate sighting is not possible. Parallax can be
    eliminated in two steps.

    a) Focusing the eye-piece:


    Point the telescope to the sky or hold a piece of white paper in front of the telescope. Move the
    eyepiece in and out until a distant and sharp black image of the cross-hairs is seen.

    b) Focusing the object:


    Telescope is now turned towards object to be sighted and the focusing screw is turned until
    image appears clear and sharp.

    Page | 41

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