Sujal and Swachh Gaon: Facilitator Guide

Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti
Government of India
Facilitator Guide
Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries

On
Sujal and Swachh Gaon
Facilitator Guide
Index
1. About the Facilitator Guide ...................................................................................................... 1

2. Brief about the Training ............................................................................................................ 1
3. Training Outline ........................................................................................................................ 1
4. Training Schedule ...................................................................................................................... 1
5. Session Plans ............................................................................................................................. 1
6. Pre-Post Training Assessment................................................................................................... 1
7. Template for Training Evaluation ............................................................................................. 1
8. Registration and Attendance formats ...................................................................................... 1
9. Training Aids.............................................................................................................................. 1
Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries on Sujal and Swachh Gaon 1
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
About the Facilitator Guide

1
Introduction
The Government of India has launched a capacity strengthening initiative to ensure sustenance of open
defecation free status and taking up ODF + agenda along with improved access to safe and secure water
supply through Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) Programme. Success of these initiatives is directly linked to
motivated and capacitated GP level functionaries mainly Sarpanch, village secretaries and
Swachhagrahis. It is critical to strengthen capacities of the village functionaries regarding their role in
ODF+ and JJM, activities for achieving desired results and relevant subject knowledge.
In order to reach out to around two and half lack GPs in the country; a large pool of field trainers is
required. The DDWS proposes to create a pool of competent human resources to cater to the capacity
building needs of GPs in a cascading mode. As a part of this initiative, 4 Field Trainers (FTs) will be
identified from each district to be trained through five-day Trainings of Trainers (ToTs). These FTs will
further train Sarpanchs, village secretaries and Swachhagrahis through 3 day trainings.
Target Users
This guide is a training resource which will be used by field trainers who will be experienced trainers
/facilitators with proven knowledge and skills in delivering trainings. Field Trainers will be key
functionaries responsible for direct training to Sarpanchs and Panchayat Secretaries.
Purpose of the Guide
The main purpose of this facilitator guide is to assist the trainers in designing and facilitating the 3 day
Sarpanch trainings. This document provides guidance on objectives, methodology for facilitation, key
learning points, process for session delivery and reference material for each session of the training
programme to help the field trainers in planning, delivery and evaluation of the training.
Facilitator Guide
Contents of the Guide

This guide book firstly provides brief information about the training which includes objective of the
training program, targeted participants, and major topics covered in the training program. The training
outline and training schedule is presented in the subsequent sections, followed by detailed session plans
which include-
o Session objectives
o Session duration
o Facilitation methodology
o Training aids to be used
o Key learning points
o Reference material
o IEC Material
o Process for session delivery
Other supportive documents i.e. pre and post evaluation questionnaire, formats for evaluation of
training program, template for registration and attendance and the list of training material and aids
required for training program are also provided in this facilitator’s guide.
Training Methodology
The contents of this guide will be delivered using a range of participatory and interactive training
methodologies listed below-
 Lecture  Brainstorming
 Large group discussions (in plenary)  Role play
 Small group work and discussions  Field visit
 Audio visual clips  Demonstrations
 Questioning techniques  Simulation
 Experience sharing  Practice by doing/Assignment/Exercise
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
2 Brief about the Training
This chapter assists the user in understanding objective of the training program, targeted
participants, and major topics covered in the training program.
Sr Component Details
No.
1. Subject Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries on Sujal and
Swachh Gaon
2. Training Objective  The main objective is to build capacity of Sarpanchs and Panchayat secretaries to
plan and implement appropriate strategies for becoming a Sujal and Swachh
Gaon.
 To motivate Sarpanchs and Panchayat secretaries to take an active leadership
role in achieving the above objective.
3. Total No. of 50 participants per batch
Participants
4. Participants details Sarpanchs and Panchayat Secretaries
5. Duration 3 days (2.5 days classroom session, ½ day field visit)
6. Major topics Class room session –
covered during the 1. Importance of Water and Sanitation Service Delivery – Features, benefits,
training component of Sujal and Swachh Gaon, key actions, opportunity for Sarpanch to
reach everyone in the community with service.
2. Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) - Aims, challenges, components, types of schemes,
eligibility criteria for GP, funding pattern, role of Gram Panchayats in implementing
Mandatory Source Sustainability and Grey Water Management, need for
community participation
3. Sujal Gaon- Source sustainability, operation and maintenance of water supply
facilities and water quality monitoring and surveillance.
4. Swachh Gaon - Safe toilet technologies & common technical aberrations,
retrofitting interventions, need to build a community toilet, accessible sanitation for
Divyang, operation and maintenance of sanitation facilities, mobilization of GPDP
fund for ODF Plus, solid waste management, grey water management, faecal sludge
management.
5. Resource Envelope for Water & Sanitation facilities – Convergence and Swachh
Credit
6. Information Education and Communication (IEC) for Sujal and Swachh Gaon
7. Introduction and use of Trainee app
8. Community led action planning process for Sujal and Swachh Gaon
9. Action Planning for implementation of activities.
Facilitator Guide
Practical sessions –
 Demonstration of Chlorination
 Preparation of action plan for Sujal and Swachh Gaon
 Field visit to a best practice on Water & Sanitation
 Demonstration of uploading action plan on the app
7. Training schedule Attached in chapter 4

8. Training material Attached in chapter 5
and aids required
for the training
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
3 Training Outline
This chapter assists the user in understanding the outline of the training
No of sessions Session Typology

10 Cross Cutting Sessions
05 Drinking water Sessions
03 Sanitation Sessions
03 Field Visit
Day & duration of sessions Day & duration of sessions Day & duration of sessions
Ses Dur Day – 1 Dura Day - 2 Dura Day – 3
sio atio tion tion
n n
1 45 1.1 Topic – Setting Environment 60 2.1 Topic–Sustaining Open Defecation free Status 240 3.1. Topic – Field Visit
min a. Inaugural address by block/district level min min • Visit to good practices in Rural Piped
a. Understanding safe toilet technologies &
officials/ leaders (Block Pramukh) Water Supply Scheme management
common technical aberrations
b. Activity based introduction by participants and ODF Plus (as per local situation)
b. Retrofitting interventions
(Sharing of one best initiative in water and • Appreciate role of GP/Sarpanch,
c. Need to build a community toilet in the GP
sanitation by each participant ) features of leadership and identify
d. Accessible sanitation for Divyang
c. Sharing objectives & outcomes of workshop successes; challenges and solutions
e. How to set up a system for operation &
maintenance of toilets - HHs, public places
and institutions (cleaning; pit emptying etc.)
f. How best can GPDP funds and other sources
used for ODF plus and O&M of toilets
g. Role and responsibility of village level
stakeholders in implementation of this
program-
 Listing of stakeholder
 Role and responsibility
h. Key messages for sustaining ODF & crucial
role of GP/ Sarpanch in ODF- S
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
2 60 1.2 Topic- Importance of water and sanitation 75 2.2 Topic Status and Operational Plan for Solid Field visit continued
min service delivery min Liquid Waste Management
a. Features of Sujal and Swachh Gaon- a. Brain storming on current situation and
photographic presentation issues of SLWM
b. Elaboration of Benefits – Health, Economic, b. Listing of component of solid and liquid
Social. waste management
c. Components of Sujal and Swachh Gaon c. Solid waste management
 Safe and Secure Drinking Water Supply • Biodegradable waste management –
Morning Session
and management (Source strengthening, GOBARDHAN and community composting

Water Quality and O & M). • Non-biodegradable waste management
 ODF Plus (ODF S and SLWM) including Plastic & Menstrual waste
d. Achievements in ODF and gearing up for ODF • Steps for biodegradable and non-
Plus biodegradable waste management
e. Specific actions needed on each component d. Summarize
(Sujal & Swachh) • What preparations needs to be done to
f. What is the role of Sarpanch and GP and kick start the program?
village level institutional arrangement e. Key messages & crucial role of GP/ Sarpanch
g. Opportunity for Sarpanch to reach everyone in solid waste management
in the community with service f. Case studies of business models for organic
and inorganic waste management
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
3 60 1.3 Topic – Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) - 60 2.3 Topic – Grey Water Management & Faecal Field visit continued
min min Sludge Management
a. An overview of JJM
a. Grey Water Management
b. Current Challenges  Concept, challenges, need of grey water
c. Key components management
d. Types of schemes  Technology and steps for grey water
e. Eligibility criteria for GP management
f. Role of Gram Panchayats in implementing  Use of grey water for irrigation and
Mandatory Source Sustainability and Grey increasing ground water table link with
Water Management components source sustainability session
g. Need for community participation b. Faecal Sludge Management
 Importance of faecal sludge management
 Legal provisions for faecal sludge
management
 Technology for emptying, transportation
and treatment of faecal sludge
c. Steps to be taken for faecal sludge
management
d. O&M of grey water management and FSM
facilities
e. Key messages and crucial role of GP/
Sarpanch in management of grey water and
faecal sludge.
f. Case studies of business models for grey
water management and FSM.
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
4 45 1.4 Drinking water availability and demand in the 45 2.4 Topic -Resource Envelope for Water & 45 3.2 Topic - Sharing of learnings of the field
min village- min. Sanitation facilities min visit
a. Brainstorming and listing of activities and Preparation and presentation on key
a. How to ensure adequate & sustainable funding resources available for water and learnings from the field visit
drinking water sources in the village? sanitation interventions at village level
 Brain storming on reasons of source failure b. Summery table of funding resources for water
 How to prepare drinking Water budget and sanitation interventions – MGNREGA,
(case study presentation) SBSV, CSR, community contribution etc.
 Actions needed for source sustainability c. Actions for prioritization of water and
sanitation interventions under GPDP with
example
d. Swachh Credit – Concept, activities and key
provisions
e. Encourage community contribution for
ownership
f. Case Study – Convergence, Water.org
(Maharashtra project)
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
5 60 1.5 Topic- Sustainability of the ground water 60 2.5 Topic- Information Education and 45
min sources by using various methods of rainwater min Communication (IEC) for Sujal & Swachh Gaon min 3.3 Topic – Community led action planning
harvesting a. Importance of IEC in water and sanitation process for Sujal & Swachh Gaon
b. Key messages for ODF Plus & water safety and a. Need and importance of village level
a. Source Sustainability interventions –
security planning process
conventional and non-conventional
c. Methods of communication including wall b. Activities to be completed by GP before
techniques,
painting 1+4 and its strategic location and during planning process
b. Source Augmentation interventions – Bore
Afternoon session
d. Specific tools for mobilizing families to take c. Process and formats

well recharge & Roof Top Rain Water HH connection d. Key actions for roll out
Harvesting - How to cover all Schools, Gram e. Planning for IEC activities at GP level
Panchayats and public buildings in the GP (including funding for IEC activities)
with RWH f. Identifying, engaging and training
c. Potential of using grey water for recharging communicators
d. Community mobilization and g. Roles & responsibilities of GP level
contribution/Shramdaan for water stakeholders
conservation
e. My responsibility as a Sarpanch in source
sustainability
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
6 60 1.6 Topic – Operation and maintenance of Water 45 2.6 Topic - App introduction 45 3.4 Topic- Action Planning and presentations
min Supply scheme min a. Introduction and use of Trainee app min a. Action plan preparation by each
a. How to Technically manage the PWS scheme b. Downloading the app on individual phones village
• Daily operations of participants b. Demo of Uploading of action plan on
• Minor repairing c. Finalization and entry of data of GPs in the app.
• Preventive and Breakdown maintenance app for each GP
b. How to make the PWS scheme financially
sustainable?
• Calculate O&M budget
• Identify all financial sources and total money
available
• Water User Charges calculations
• Water user charges collection mechanism
c. Institutional Management –
• Models of O&M – GP/contractor/SHGs etc.
• Hiring water operator/s
• Capacity building of operator
• Household awareness/ IEC
• Setting up grievance redressal system
• Record keeping and auditing
d. Key messages for efficient O&M and crucial
role of GP/ Sarpanch
Facilitator Guide
sio atio tion tion
n n
7 60 1.7 Topic – Essentials of Water Quality Monitoring 45 2.7 Topic –Planning of the field visit 30 3.5 Topic- Training Evaluation and
min and Surveillance min a. Briefing about next day’s field visit min valediction
b. Sharing of checklist for compilation of key  Participants feedback
WQ Assessment:
learning’s and pointers for facilitation of  Certificate distribution
a. Understand WQ issues and importance of
discussion on  Valedictory address by one District level
safe water supply in your village
a. Safe and Secured drinking water supply Official
b. How to conduct Sanitary survey
b. Sustaining ODF  Vote of thanks
c. Mandatory & routine tests using FTK
c. SLWM
d. Introduction to priority parameters of
c. Group formation and task allocation for
chemical contamination - Role of GPs and
thematic areas
PHED/RWS departments
Action: Preventive & Curative
e. Preventive measures -How to protect drinking
water sources and system from
contamination
f. Chlorination for safe water along with OT test
g. What records will have to be developed
/generated and maintained and for how long
h. Key messages for WQM and crucial role of
GP/Sarpanch in WQM
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
4 Training Schedule
This chapter assists the user to plan and deliver the training as per time schedule.
Session Time Session Title

No.
Day 1
1.1 10.00 am to 10.45 am Setting Environment
1.2 11.00 am to 12.00 am Importance of water and sanitation service delivery
1.3 12.00 pm to 01.00 pm Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)
1.4 02.00 pm to 02.45 pm Drinking water availability and demand in the village
1.5 02.45 pm to 03.45 pm Sustainability of the ground water sources by using various methods of
rainwater harvesting
1.6 04.00 pm to 05.00 pm Operation and maintenance of water supply scheme
1.7 05.00 pm to 06.00 pm Essentials of Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance
Day 2
2.1 09.30 am to 10.30 am Sustaining Open Defecation free Status
2.2 10.45 am to 12.00 pm Status and operational plan for solid liquid waste management
2.3 12.00 pm to 01.00 pm Grey Water Management and Faecal Sludge Management
2.4 02.00 pm to 02.45 pm Resource envelope for water & sanitation facilities
2.5 02.45 pm to 03.45 pm Information Education and Communication (IEC) for Sujal and Swachh Gaon
2.6 04.00 pm to 04.45 pm App introduction
2.7 04.45 pm to 05.30 pm Planning of the field visit
Day 3
3.1 09.00 am to 01.00 pm Field visit to nearby site having good initiatives in water and sanitation
3.2 02.00 pm to 02.45 pm Sharing of learnings of the field visit
3.3 02.45 pm to 03.30 pm Community led action planning process for Sujal and Swachh Gaon
3.4 03.45 pm to 04.30 pm Action planning and presentation
3.5 04.30 pm to 05.00 pm Training Evaluation and valediction
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
5 Session Plans
Though this chapter, the trainer will understand session wise topics to be delivered,
Day - 1 objective of the session, key learning points and methodology to be adopted for
facilitation of every session
Session 1.1: Setting Environment

Session Objectives  To introduce the participants with each other.
 To create an enabling learning environment for appreciating experiences and expertise
within the group
 To inform participants about objectives of the training
 To establish ground rules for the training
 To develop broad understanding about current strategy of Government of India for
strengthening of PRIs in the context of Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
Duration 45 Minutes
Methodology  Ice breaking
 PowerPoint presentation
Material
 Training schedule
 Flip chart paper /white board and marker pen
Key learning
 Activity based introduction helps the participants to understand and respect each other
points
and become familiar with the surroundings.
 Conducive learning environment is essential for experience and knowledge sharing.
 Common understanding about ToT objectives among the participants is essential for
effective learning experience.
Reference -
Material
Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Time slot in minute Process
00-10 Facilitate registration of the participants.

Facilitate inauguration of the workshop and key note address by block/district officials by
11-25 focusing on current strategy of Government of India for strengthening of PRIs in the
context of Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
Facilitator Guide
Begin the session informally with a warm welcome to the participants and self-
introduction. Ask the participants to introduce themselves and briefly share one best
26-40 initiative on water and sanitation in their village. Facilitate the ice breaking event.
Provide pre training evaluation questionnaire to the participants and request them to fill
it up. the workshop overview by explaining objectives and design of the Training. Wrap
Share
41-45 up the session by establishing ground rules for the training.
Session 1.2: Importance of Water and Sanitation Service Delivery

Session Objectives  To appreciate the efforts of Sarpanch and Secretary in providing water and sanitation
facilities at village level.
 To describe the concept and components of Sujal and Swachh Gaon for sustainable use
of water and sanitation facilities.
 To explain the social, economic and health benefits of Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
 To discuss the role of Sarpanch and other village level stakeholders for transforming
villages into Sujal and Swachh Gaon
Duration 60 minutes
Methodology  Brainstorming
 Photographic presentation
 Group work
 PowerPoint presentation
 Audio visual clips
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning points  O&M of water and sanitation facilities is important for sustainable service delivery.
Ensuring service delivery is a prime function entrusted to VWSC and GP.
 Sarpanch has a crucial role in transforming village into Sujal and Swachh Gaon. It is also
an opportunity to take these facilities to every household in the village.
 Sarpanch will have to invest more time on water and sanitation initiatives which will
help to save money and lead to improved health.
 To realize the dream of Sujal and Swachh Gaon, it will be necessary to strengthen and
build the leadership capacities of the sarpanch.
 For transforming villages into Sujal and Swachh Gaon, Sarpanch will need to
understand required activities and inculcate required skills through trainings.
Reference Material
 Chapter 1 and 2 of the Resource book for Sarpanch
th
 Guideline on ODF(S) issued by MDWS on 15 December, 2016
 Training manual on sustainable sanitation developed by MDWS and UNICEF
rd
 Guideline on ODF verification issued by MDWS on 3 September, 2015
th
 Advisory on ODF sustainability issued by Government of India on 20 February 2018.
Reference IEC  Short film ‘Darwaza band’, part 1&2, MDWS
Materials  PSAs on Water, MDWS
 PSA on Water Conservation, MDWS
 PSA on Demand for VWSC, UNICEF Delhi
 PSA on water for Sarpanch, UNICEF Delhi
Facilitator Guide
 Case study of Kasthuni Purab GP, Musafirkhana Block, Amethi District, Uttar Pradesh

Time slot in Process
minute
 Begin the session by discussing key points to be covered during the session.
Then, divide the participants into 2 groups.
 Group 1: Through a photographic presentation, present an example of Sujal and
Swachh Gaon that demonstrates good O&M practices and sustainable use of water and
sanitation facilities. Then, ask the group members to discuss with regards to the
following points. Also ask them to note down the discussion points on a chart paper.
 What efforts were taken by the village to transform into Sujal and Swachh Gaon?
 What role did the Sarpanch play?
 What role did other village level stakeholders play?
0-20  What were the benefits of transforming the village into Sujal and Swachh Gaon?
 Group 2: Through a photographic presentation, present an example of a village with
unsustainable use of water and sanitation facilities and their inefficient O&M. Then,
ask the group members to discuss with regards to the following points. Also ask them
to note down the discussion points on a chart paper.
 What are the reasons for unsustainable use of water and sanitation facilities in
the village?
 Why is there a lack of proper system for O&M of these facilities?
 What issues were faced by the village due to lack of proper O&M and
unsustainable use of water and sanitation facilities?
Ask both the groups to present the key discussion points. Then, deliberate on the
following points in plenary-
 What efforts have you taken to create water and sanitation facilities in your village and
to ensure its sustainable use and O&M?
 According to you what should be the key features of Sujal and Swacch Gaon?
21-30
 What needs to be done to transform your village into Sujal and Swachh Gaon?
Based on the discussions, debrief the participants about key features of Sujal and Swachh
Gaon, key role of a Sarpanch in transforming village into Sujal and Swachh Gaon. A short
film may be used for highlighting key role of a Sarpanch.
Elaborate the social, economic and health benefits of Sujal and Swachh Gaon with
suitable examples (For example, calculate how much money a family spends on health
31-40 annually). IEC material/ PSA may be used to stress the social, economic and health
benefits of Sujal and Swachh Gaon. Now, explain that most of the diseases are related to
water and sanitation.
Linking to the previous discussion, explain the need of focusing on Sujal and Swachh
41-50 Gaon. Then, explain concept and components of Sujal and Swachh Gaon. Explain specific
actions needed for rolling out each component
In the end summarize by discussing how the role of a Sarpanch is important for
transforming villages into Sujal and Swachh Gaon. Also, discuss the institutional structure
51-60 at village level and how their participation is necessary in transforming villages into Sujal
and Swachh Gaon. Motivational video/s of sarpanchs (champions, awardees) may be
shown to further stress the role of a Sarpanch.
Facilitator Guide
Session 1.3: Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) -

Session Objectives  To describe the key challenges pertaining to water safety and security
 To inform about Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)- objectives, components, types of schemes,
eligibility criteria, funding patter, etc.
 To discuss the role of Gram Panchayats in implementing Mandatory Source
Sustainability and Grey Water Management components and ensuring community
participation
Duration 60 minutes
 Power Point Presentation
 Audio visual clip
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning points  Thorough understanding of key challenges is important to ensure sustainable and safe
water supply
 Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is an opportunity for the sarpanchs to ensure sustainable
and safe water supply through tap connection to every household.
 Sarpanch has a crucial role to play in in implementing Mandatory Source
Sustainability and Grey Water Management components and ensuring community
participation.
Reference Material
 Chapter 3 of the Resource book for Sarpanch
 Program guideline

minute
Begin the session by discussing key points to be covered during the session.
0-10 Then, briefly present the aims and importance of JJM. Show a small clip on Jal Shakti
abhiyan.
Then discuss the status of piped drinking water supply in the villages followed by
challenges pertaining to sustainable and safe water at village level.
11-20 Note down the discussion points on a chart paper and then lead the participants to
understand about ways to mitigate these issues for ensuring sustainable and safe water
supply in the villages.
Inform the participants about objectives, components, types of schemes, eligibility

21-40 criteria, funding pattern etc. of JJM.
Facilitator Guide
Lead the participants to understand that the programme is a good opportunity for
Sarpanch to provide sustainable and safe water to every household. Underline the need
for proactive and determined work to ensure availability of required water and sanitation
41-55 funds. Then explain the role of Gram Panchayats in implementing Mandatory Source
Sustainability and Grey Water Management components.
Afterwards, discuss on the need for community participation and key areas for
community participation.
56-60 Respond to the participants’ queries and conclude the session.
Session 1.4: Drinking Water Availability and Demand in the Village

Session Objectives  To discuss reasons of source failure
 To calculate drinking water availability from identified sources in all seasons –
preparation of drinking water budget
 To discuss key actions for sustainable water supply (Demand and Supply side
management)
 To describe the role of Sarpanch/ Gram Panchayat in source sustainability
Duration 45 minutes
 Short films, Videos
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Power Point presentation
 Case study on water budgeting
Key learning points
 Rain is the only source of fresh water and it is finite.
 Extraction more than recharge, results in drying of water sources
 Water Budget helps to understand the gap between available water and actual
demand. This helps to take adequate measures for source sustainability.
 Considering availability and use of water, priority should be given to drinking water and
minimize use of water for irrigation by choice of appropriate crops.
 Use of efficient technology options such as drip and sprinklers can be promoted to
optimize use of water for irrigation.
Reference Material
 Chapter 4 of the Resource book for Sarpanch.
 Training manual on Village water safety and security developed by UNICEF,
Maharashtra.
 Active panchayat book II – drinking water in Gram Panchayat by UNICEF
Guide on sustainability of drinking water sources for implementers and users
Reference IEC
 Uttrakhand Testimonial (Water),UNICEF Delhi
Materials
 PSA on ‘Kitanu Kaa Safaya’ (Water) ,UNICEF Delhi
Facilitator Guide

Open the session by brainstorming on why sources fail?

0-5
Facilitator can put forward a situation where water sources have dried up completely
and initiate discussion on how it can be addressed. Here screening of small video clip on
water scarcity can be very effective.
This discussion should explain that rain is the only source of fresh water and it is finite.
Take the discussion forward by explaining the importance of hydrogeological conditions
for source strengthening
Discussion on cases where extraction is more than recharge resulting in drying of

6-10
sources. Here use examples of ATM refusing to dispense cash in the absence of sufficient
balance.
Discuss in plenary a case of typical village and status of drinking water sources
11-30
 Ask participants about the status of drinking water sources in their village. How
many sources are available, are they seasonal or perennial? Summarize the
discussion with emphasizing on need to understand the availability and demand
for planning actions for source sustainability.
 Explain the concept of water budget using analogy of household budget
preparation and present a sample water budgeting exercise.
Then, discuss briefly about the objectives and interventions under newly launched Jal
Shakti Abhiyan and creation of Jalshakti Mantralaya in government of India.
Conclude with remark that both supply management (source sustainability) and demand
management is required for source sustainability.
Summarize the discussion by highlighting the importance of water budgeting and source
31-45
sustainability. Also, underline that Sarpanch and Gram Panchayat has constitutional
responsibility of taking care of drinking water in their Gram Panchayat
Session 1.5: Sustainability of the Ground Water Sources by Using

Various Methods of Rainwater Harvesting
Session Objectives
 To discuss the methods of source sustainability (Conventional (Traditional) and
Unconventional (artificial) measures)
 To describe the bore well recharge and roof top rainwater harvesting techniques for
source augmentation and how to cover all schools, Gram Panchayats and public
buildings in the GP with RWH
 To brief the importance of community mobilization for water conservation
 To inform about ways of mobilizing resource through various programmes/schemes
like MGNREGA, IWMP, etc. & integration with Gram Panchayat Development
Facilitator Guide
Plan(GPDP)
 To elaborate the Sarpanch’s roles and responsibilities in source sustainability
Duration 60 minutes
Methodology
 Brainstorming
 Audio visual clips
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning points
 Conventional (traditional) and unconventional (artificial) methods of recharging help in
sustainability of ground water sources.
 Community action is must for water conservation and Shramdaan can ensure
community ownership.
 Resources through various programmes/schemes like MGNREGA, IWMP, etc. should be
tapped & integrated effectively with GPDP for source sustainability.
 Role of Sarpanch is crucial in mobilising community for strengthening their drinking
water sources.
Reference Material
Maharashtra.
 Convergence for sustainability by MDWS
 Mobilising technology for sustainability by MDWS
 Active panchayat book VI – water resource by UNICEF
 Guide on sustainability of drinking water sources for implementers and users.
Reference IEC
 IEC material on Rain water harvesting and Drip Irrigation, MDWS
Materials
 Posters on grey water, UNICEF Delhi & Rajasthan
 Groundwater Experiences in Maharashtra - Groundwater Surveys and Development
Agency (GSDA), Government of Maharashtra

Open the session with discussion on various Conventional methods for source
0-20
sustainability
List the potential methods and discuss in detail.
Facilitator Guide
Ask participants how community can be involved in water conservation and take the
21- 30
discussion forward to emphasize the significance of Shramdaan and list down various
ways of involving community. Show a clip on community involvement in water
conservation activities and underline the importance of mass movement at village level.
List down the unconventional recharge methods (GSDA, Government of Maharashtra)
31 – 35
Discuss the methods for source augmentation and show a film on bore well recharge.
Discuss about roof top rainwater harvesting techniques and methods to cover all schools,
36-45
Gram Panchayats and public buildings in the GP with RWH.
Broadly discuss about the use of grey water for groundwater recharge and inform
46-48
participants that this will be discussed in grey water management session.
Ask participants to list various schemes that can be leveraged for taking up water
49-55
conservation measures for source sustainability in the village. Then, brainstorm on the
process of accessing funds from various listed schemes.
Sharing of a case study where convergence is successfully achieved.
Discuss the role of Sarpanch in mobilizing community for strengthening their drinking
56-60
water sources.
Session 1.6: Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply Scheme

Session Objectives
 To describe characteristic features of well-functioning water supply scheme with
special reference to
 Technical aspects (Daily operations, timely preventive, regular maintenance and
major repairs of technical components)
 Financial aspects (preparation of budget for operation and maintenance, water tariff
calculation and recovery)
 Institutional aspects (Capacity building, IEC grievance redressal system, maintenance
of record and how to face and manage audits.
 To describe the role of Gram Panchayat/ Sarpanch in enhancing community
participation for O&M
 To discuss the key messages for efficient O&M and crucial role of GP/ Sarpanch
Duration 60 minutes
 Group work
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Power Point presentation/ short films/ AV
 Photographic case study
Key learning points
 Water supply system should be operated every day as per scheduled time for ensuring
adequate water supply to every household.
 Regular preventive maintenance is important for ensuring functioning of scheme for
full designed life.
Facilitator Guide
 Minor damages should be identified and immediately repaired by the village water
person using tool kit and spares provided by Gram Panchayat.
 Preventive measures should be taken to avoid major damage to technical components
and for optimal performance of the scheme.
 Sarpanch in coordination with District Water Sanitation Mission (DWSM), Gram
Panchayat Secretary and Gram Panchayat/VWSC members should calculate O&M
budget every year and levy water tariff.
 Sarpanch in coordination with Gram Panchayat/VWSC has important role to establish
mechanisms for timely collection of water tariff.
 The performance of water supply scheme should be discussed in monthly meetings of
Gram Panchayat/VWSC to take informed actions regarding O&M, complaint redressal
and community mobilization.
 Sarpanch and Gram Panchayat/VWSC should monitor that the village water person is
operating water supply scheme as per specified timing and is following daily
chlorination.
 Key messages for efficient O&M may include timely payment of user charges to
maintain the scheme, water conservation at HHS level, scheme components, water
safety, awareness about the timings of water supply, etc.
Reference Material
Maharashtra.
 Active Panchayat book II – drinking water in Gram Panchayat by UNICEF.

0 – 10 min. Brainstorming: Key characteristics of well-functioning water supply scheme

Begin the session with quick brainstorming on “What are the key characteristics of well-
functioning water supply schemes”. With the help of power point presentation, display
picture of villages showing well-functioning water supply scheme and dysfunctional
water supply scheme. Consolidate key points and explain that operation and
maintenance is the key for well-functioning water supply scheme and Gram Panchayat
has major role to play in its management.
Facilitator Guide
11– 25 Group work: Daily operation and technical maintenance:

 Discuss with the help of PPT, basic elements of technical management of O&M
 Divide participants in three groups and explain following group work tasks:
o Group 1: Identify tasks and role of Gram Panchayat in managing daily
operation
o Group 2: Identify tasks and role of Gram Panchayat in managing preventive
& regular maintenance
o Group 3: Identify tasks and role of Gram Panchayat in managing major
repairs
 Request groups to make presentations. Appreciate the presentations and after every
presentation, discuss key messages of daily operation, preventive maintenance,
minor repairs and comprehensive maintenance contract.
 Conclude the exercise with a remark “For managing everything of well-functioning
water supply scheme requires money and resources”.
26 – 50 Exercise: O&M expenditure and Water tariff calculation:
 Referring to earlier discussion on “For managing everything of well-functioning
water supply scheme requires money” involve the participants in the exercise of
O&M expenditure calculation for a water supply scheme of 100 households. Please
use white board for explaining calculations:
o Step 1: Discuss components of operation expenditure
o Step 2: Discuss components of maintenance & repairs expenditure
o Step 3: Discuss the concept and calculation of depreciation cost
o Step 4: Discuss approximate annual amounts for each and explain
calculation of O&M expenditure. At the end of step three emphasize on the
total amount required to manage water supply scheme.
 Take the discussion forward and ask participants “From where this money will
come?” Listen and appreciate participants’ responses and emphasize the need of
people’s contribution as “water tariff”. Explain the water tariff calculation. Please
follow:
o Step 1: Please explain that the expenditure can be met through Gram
Panchayat contribution and water tariff from users.
o Step 2: Explain water tariff calculation deducting Gram Panchayat
contribution divided by total number of households.
Conclude the exercise with the key messages - Gram Panchayat can take technical
support from junior engineer and coordination with Gram Panchayat/VWSC and Gram
Panchayat Secretary for annual budgeting of water supply schemes. Also emphasize on
institutional mechanisms for collection of water tariff in timely manner.
Facilitator Guide
51 – 60 Institutional Arrangements:
Define the role of Gram Panchayat, VWSC and water person in operation and
maintenance of piped water supply scheme.
Discuss how to build the capacity of committee and water person for effective operation,
maintenance and repairs of piped water supply scheme and organise various activities
for ownership development.
Then discuss about setting up grievance redressal system and how to maintain various
records and face & manage audits. Here, few examples from states, other programs may
also be shared.
Conclude the discussion with the need for community mobilization and following key
messages to be disseminated in the village:
o Every person should take care of his / her water facility
o Pay water tariff in time
o Do not waste precious drinking water
Respond to participants’ queries and conclude the session by summarizing key learning
points.
Facilitator Guide
Session 1.7: Essentials of Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance

Session Objectives
 To describe the water quality issues and importance of safe water supply
 To discuss the methodology of sanitary survey
 To inform about mandatory and routine water testing in block/district laboratories /
by using FTK
 To discuss priority parameters of chemical contamination
 To elaborate preventive and curative measures for safe water supply
o Ways to protect drinking water sources and system from contamination
o Daily chlorination process for safe water along with OT test
 To discuss the method and duration of record maintenance
 To discuss role of Sarpanch and Grampanchayat in water quality management
Duration 60 minutes
Methodology  Power Point presentation
 Group work
 Demonstration
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 2 buckets, wooden stick, TCL Powder, OT Kit, FTK
Key learning points a) Water often gets contaminated due to
o Percolation of waste water in source
o Chemical contamination of source due to industrial effluents
o Infiltration of polluted water in pipelines
o Inadequate care of storage tank
o Inappropriate or no chlorination
o Inappropriate handling and storage of water at house hold level
b) Protection of source, storage tank and pipelines and daily chlorination are key
actions at HH and/ or community level to prevent water contamination
c) Daily chlorination is essential for water safety and Gram Panchayat has key role to
monitor its appropriate procurement, storage and chlorination
d) Community participation is equally important while conducting sanitary survey along
with Gram Panchayat /VWSC members
e) Gram Panchayat should use FTK for regular water testing and coordinate with block
and district authorities to conduct mandatory tests for chemical and bacteriological
contamination.
f) Grampanchayat has to maintain various records for specified time duration to
monitor and ensure regular safe water supply.
Reference Material
Facilitator Guide
Maharashtra.
 Active Panchayat book II – drinking water in Gram Panchayat.

0 – 10 min. Begin the session with quick brain storming on why safe water is important and what are
the water quality issues at village level. Appreciate participants’ responses and list them
on white board. Then discuss the issues, importance and impacts of safe water supply.
Quickly overview the contaminants of water. Briefly point out how WQ Assessment and
preventive & curative measures are necessary for ensuring safe water supply.
11-20 Sanitary survey:

Explain the significance of sanitary survey and steps for conducting the survey and
discuss the ways to protect source and system of piped water supply from
contamination.
21-35 Discuss about the importance and methods of disinfection of water for safe water supply
and ask participants how chlorination process is carried out to disinfect water.
Demonstrate chlorination process with the following steps-
Step 1: Demonstrate essential material required for chlorination such as TCL powder, two
clean plastic buckets, a wooden stick, clean cotton cloth for filtration and rope.
Step 2: Take the measured quantity (5 gm for 1000 litre) of bleaching powder in first
plastic bucket and add small quantity of water. Make a thick paste of bleaching powder
with the help of a wooden stick.
Step 3: Add more water to the bucket till the bucket is filled up to half. Then with the
help of wooden stick please stir properly. Keep the bucket for some time so that un
dissolved particles settle down.
Step 4: With the use of clean cotton cloth filter the chlorine solution in another clean
bucket. Please ensure that undissolved particles are separated.
Step 5: Explain how chlorine solution has to be released carefully in the storage tank.
36-40 Discuss and clarify participants’ queries and explain OT testing using chloro-scope.
Explain about the importance of water quality testing
Then, explain the precautions to be taken for safe handling and storage of water at
household level.
41– 50 Explain use of FTK for regular water testing and mandatory laboratory water tests and
actions to be taken in case of heavy bacteriological and chemical contamination
51-60 Discuss about various records that need to be maintained at village level to ensure
regular and safe water supply. Then explain the role of Sarpanch and Grampanchayat in
water quality management and conclude the session by discussing the following key
messages for water quality management:
 Source protection
 Cleanliness of water collection points
 Protect distribution network
 Proper chlorination
 Appropriate water storage and handling at household level
Facilitator Guide
Day - 2 Session 2.1: Sustaining Open Defecation free Status
Session
Objectives  To discuss about the status of toilet construction and related technical aberrations
 To discuss about the methodology adopted for retrofitting of toilets and to trigger
participants to take steps in this regard
 To discuss the need and process of accessible water and sanitation facilities for divyang
at community and school level
 To explain O&M of sanitation facilities at individual and community level and how to set
up system for O&M
 To inform the participants about availability of funds from GPDP and other sources for
ODF Plus and O&M
 To ensure involvement of key stakeholders in activities for sustainable use of sanitation
facilities at village level
 To clarify roles and responsibilities of Sarpanch and GP in ensuring sustainable use of
sanitation facilities
Duration 60 Minutes
 Audio-visual clips
Training Aids  Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning
 It is important to address the technical aberrations in toilet construction and take suitable
points
action for retrofitting of toilets to ensure their sustainable use.
 For providing toilet access to families without IHHLs, construction of community toilets is a
solution.
 Accessibility to water and sanitation facilities at school and community level is the right of
divyang so these facilities should be created in the villages for divyang.
 It is essential to develop O&M system for sanitation facilities at village level for ensuring
their sustainable use.
 ODF Plus and O&M components should be integrated in the annual GPDP to avail required
funds.
 Clarity on roles and responsibilities of village level stakeholders is important for carrying out
different activities for sustaining ODF.
 The GP and Sarpanch have a key role in organizing activities for ODF Plus and O&M.
Therefore, Sarpanch has to use leadership skills for providing safe sanitation facilities and
set up a system for O&M of sanitation facilities for the community.
Reference
Material
 ODF+: Keeping our villages clean issued by DDWS
th
 Guideline on ODF(S) issued by MDWS on 15 December, 2016
 Technical Training Manual for Masons developed by MDWS
 Presentation on retrofitting strategy for ODF in National ODF Sustainability Workshop –
Facilitator Guide
New Delhi 19 December 2017

 Audio visual clip on cleaning of toilet–https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=zVq6gQIgPzE
 ‘Handbook on accessible household sanitation for person with disabilities’ by Government
of India
http://disabilityaffairs.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/WASH%20Practitioners%20Manual-
Samarthy.pdf
 https://www.unicef.org/disabilities/files/WASH_Disability_Inclusion__Practices__program
ming_note_-_Draft_for_review.pdf
 https://swachhbharatmission.gov.in/sbmcms/writereaddata/images/pdf/technical-notes-
manuals/PWD-Guidelines.pdf
Reference IEC
 Pocket Chart on steps of toilet construction, Government of UP and UNICEF Delhi
Materials
 Handbook on how to construct twin pit toilet, UNICEF Delhi
 PSA on twin pit toilet, MDWS – (Akshay Kumar and Bhumi Pednekar)
 PSA on sustainability of twin pit toilets, MDWS (Amitabh Bachhan)
 Film on retrofitting and other faulty contractions under development (UNICEF Delhi)
 ODF S Poster and Pamplets, Uttar Pradesh,
 PSA (Radio clip) Saucha Singh, MDWS
 PSA on SBM guidelines ,UNICEF Delhi
 Film on ‘Simple Toilet (Sopa Sandas)’ Construction (Nirmal Gram Nirman Kendra)
 Film on ‘Mukh Dikhayi’
 Film on ‘How a Twin pit toilet works’

minute
Initiate the session by asking the participants about types of toilets constructed in their villages.
Then, note down the information on the white board. Later, discuss about technical
0-10
specifications (For example, toilet chamber size, height of pipe and septic tank etc.). Note down
the discussed points on the chart paper.
Based on the above discussion, explain the participants the meaning of technically sound toilet.
Then, discuss in detail the one pit, twin pit, septic tank type toilets and how they can be
11-25 technically rectified. Later, discuss about ensuring the availability of skilled masons for
construction of technically sound toilets and stress on the mason training for their skill
development.
During this session sensitize the participants on importance of providing accessible water and
26-30 sanitation facilities for divyang. Then, discuss about the standards and process of providing
these facilities to them.
Discuss with the participants about existing system for O&M of sanitation facilities at individual
and community level in the villages. Based on the discussed points explain them how they can
ensure O&M of these facilities. Show video clips on toilet cleaning, pit emptying, and removal of
31-45
faecal sludge etc.
Later, request the participants to close their eyes, keep some Sonkhad in their hands and ask
them to smell it. Conclude the session by asking them about their experience.
Ask participants about the key village level stakeholders who can contribute in ODF Plus and
operation and maintenance of sanitation facilities. Then discuss the steps for ODF(S), roles and
46- 50
responsibilities of village level stakeholders for carrying out different activities for sustaining
ODF status in village.
Facilitator Guide
At end of the session, explain that GPs have the potential for contributing in ODF Plus and O&M
and Sarpanch leadership is at the centre in the entire process of Swachh Gaon creation.
Discuss about how to set target and key actions for ODF Plus and O&M.
Conclude the session with the following key messages to ensure sustainable use of sanitation
facilities
 Sustained toilet use
51-60  Toilet access for new HHs
 Maintenance and cleaning of toilets
 Safe sanitation practices
 Demystifying twin pit technology
 Safe pit emptying and disposal
 Options to upgrade toilets, retrofitting of toilets
Session 2.2 Status and Operational Plan for Solid Liquid Waste
Management
Session
 To describe the current status, issues and importance of SLWM
Objectives
 To discuss different components of SLWM and importance of their management
 To inform about organic and inorganic waste and different technologies for its
management
 To appreciate the participation of village level stakeholders for effective management of
solid and liquid waste
 To motivate participants to develop proper system for SLWM in their own villages.
Duration 75 Minutes
Methodology  Case study based simulation
 Group work
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Photographic presentation
Key learning
 In addition to use of sanitation facilities, there is a lot of scope for creation of solid and
points
liquid waste management facilities to ensure public health in the villages.
 Effective planning will help Sarpanchs to understand status of solid waste in the village and
identify and implement suitable technology for solid waste.
 Plastic waste is hazardous for environment and public health. Therefore, Sarpanch needs to
generate awareness at HH level to reduce use of plastic and provide alternative options.
Also, a system needs to be set up for plastic waste management.
 Awareness generation for use and safe disposal of sanitary material is important tool for
menstrual waste management
 Gobardhan is an opportunity for GP to ensure organic waste management at village level.
Facilitator Guide
Reference
 Chapters 9, 10, 11 of Resource book for Sarpanch.
Material
 Guidelines on SLWM issued by MDWS on 7th July 2014
 Facilitator’s Guide on solid waste management in rural areas developed by NIRD
 Solid Waste Management: SOP for Swachh Campus developed by NIRD
 Solid Liquid Waste Management- Note by Government of India
 Technological options for SLWM in rural areas developed by Government of India
 Source book on SLWM in rural areas developed by Government of India
 Case studies of Banwadi and Nagthane of Satara district developed by UNICEF,
Maharashtra.
 Establishment and Management of Community Sanitary Complexes in Rural Areas A
handbook by MDWS
 National guidelines on MHM, December 2015 issued by Government of India
 Training manual on WASH and Health for MHM developed by WSSCC
Menstrual Hygiene Matters: Training guide for practitioners developed by WaterAid
Reference IEC
 ODF S Flier, Uttarakhand
Materials
 SLWM Handbook ,Uttarakhand
 Menstrual Waste Management poster West Bengal
 Waste disposal poster Bihar
 Film on ‘Kachre se Kamai – Earn from waste’ (Hindi)
 Film on Sabala Sanitary napkins, Peddapalli District, Kerala

minute
Begin the session by discussing key points to be covered under the session. Then, divide the
participants into two groups.
 Group 1: Through photographic presentation/ videos/ short films, present an example of

Sujal and Swachh Gaon which took efforts for developing SLWM facilities. Then, ask the
group members to discuss with regards to the following points. Also ask them to note
down the discussion points on a chart paper.
 What were the issues of SLWM in the village?
 What efforts did the villagers take for efficient SLWM?
 How did they avail funds and carried out the implementation activities?
 What steps did they take to ensure sustainability of created facilities?
0-15  What were the results of these efforts?
Group 2: Through photographic presentation/ videos/ short films, present an example of a

village in which there is one community which is not having SLWM facility while the other
community having SLWM facility but not using it. Then, ask the group members to discuss with
regards to the following points. Also ask them to note down the discussion points on a chart
paper.
 What were the causes of emerging issues related to SLWM?
 What do you think about community participation in sustainable use of facilities and role
of GP to sustain and maintain these facilities?
 What were the consequences of it?
Facilitator Guide
Ask both the groups to present the key discussion points. Then, deliberate on the key role of GP
and Sarpanch in ensuring effective SLWM at village level and request them to understand key
components of SLWM.
Explain the meaning of solid and liquid waste management. List the following components of
SLWM
 Solid waste management –Bio degradable and non-biodegradable waste
16-20  Liquid waste management – Grey water and black water
 FSM
If possible, use some waste materials for live demo of waste typologies. Discuss in detail about
solid waste management in this session and inform the participants that detailed discussion on
Grey water management and FSM will be taken up in the subsequent session.
Discuss the steps for managing bio degradable and non-biodegradable waste at HH and
community level and different technologies available for its management. Take the discussion
21-35
forward by informing participants about objectives of Gobardhan, village selection process,
fund availability etc. Show audio visual clip on successful story on Gobardhan.
Discuss about impact of plastic waste on environment and public health and importance and
36-55 options for its management. Then, inform about menstrual waste related issues and how they
can establish system for its safe disposal.
Discuss how to kick start the programme and role of GP in taking actions for SLWM by involving
56-65
village level stakeholders.
Share a success story regarding organic waste management and conclude the session with the
following key messages.
66-75  Segregation of bio degradable and non-biodegradable solid waste at household level is
necessary
 Bio-gas can be used for cooking, electricity, fuel & bio resource electricity
Session 2.3 Grey Water Management and Faecal Sludge Management

Session
 To describe the concept challenges and need of grey water management and FSM for
Objectives
creation of Swachh Gaon.
 To inform the participants about different technologies and steps for grey water
management at individual and community level.
 To discuss the legal provisions for FSM
 To describe FSM service value chain and technology for emptying, transportation and
treatment of faecal sludge
 To discuss the roles and responsibilities of Sarpanch for effective implementation of
activities related to grey water management and FSM
 To inform how O&M of facilities can be done at village level
 To discuss the steps to be taken for grey water management and FSM
Duration 60 Minutes
Methodology  Case study based simulation
 Group work
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
Facilitator Guide
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Case studies
Key learning
 Grey water management and FSM are important for creation of Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
points
 Properly managed grey water at household as well as community level can be reused for
irrigation and ground water recharge.
 Lack of grey water management and FSM may have an impact on health of villagers. It is
the Sarpanch’s responsibility to provide these facilities at village level.
 Few states have legal provisions for FSM, and it is important to understand these.
 Sarpanch can mobilize families for application of grey water management technologies at
HH level and develop facilities at community level.
 Sarpanch will have to identify service providers for emptying and transportation of faecal
sludge and make families aware for timely emptying of faecal sludge.
Reference
 Chapter 12, 13 of Resource book for Sarpanch.
Material
 Guidelines on SLWM issued by MDWS on 7th July 2014
 Facilitator’s Guide on solid waste management in rural areas developed by NIRD
 Solid Liquid Waste Management- Note by Government of India
 Technological options for SLWM in rural areas developed by Government of India
 Source book on SLWM in rural areas developed by Government of India
 Training manual on faecal sludge management developed by water and sanitation
department, Government of Maharashtra
 Policy paper on Septage Management in India by CEE
 Improving sanitation in Sinnar, Pune, Maharashtra detailed project report by Sinnar
Municipal Corporation.
 Training Module on Septage Management Plan PAS Project, CEPT University,
Reference IEC
 FSM and grey Water Management Flex, Rajasthan
Materials
 Film on Fecal sludge management at Devanalli District, Karnataka

minute
Begin the session by discussing the key points to be covered in the session.
Ask participants about the current status of facilities for grey water management in the villages.
Then, discuss about the issues created due to unavailability of services or unsustainable use of
facilities. Note down the points shared by the participants on the white board.
0-10
Lead the participants to understand that to mitigate these issues it is important to develop
understanding on liquid waste management and its types.
Explain the importance of grey water management by calculating the waste water generated
per day in villages.
Discuss about grey water management technologies at individual and community level and use
11-20
of properly managed grey water for irrigation and ground water recharge. Then discuss the
Facilitator Guide
steps of grey water management.

Ask participants about types of toilets constructed at village level and note down the points
21-30 shared by the participants on white board.
Then, discuss the importance and legal provisions for effective management of faecal sludge.
Discuss about FSM service value chain and various technologies for emptying, transportation
31-40
and treatment of faecal sludge.
Further explain the steps needed for FSM and stress on the role of Sarpanch in implementing
41-50
them.
Discuss about O&M of facilities and share success stories on grey water management and FSM.
Conclude the session by discussing following key messages
51-60  Properly managed grey water is useful for irrigation and also helps to recharge ground
water.
 Safe pit emptying and disposal (FSM) is necessary for improved public health
Session 2.4 Resource Envelope for Water & Sanitation Facilities

Session Objectives  To describe the different funding sources available at GP level and activities which
require funds
 To inform the participants about various govt. programmes and schemes for
dovetailing funding resources such as – Finance Commissions, Swachh Bharat Swachh
Vidyalaya (SBSV), Kayakalp, NRLM, MGNREGA, District Mineral Fund, CSR, State specific
schemes/ programmes, community contribution, Gram Panchayat own funds etc.
 To define actions for prioritization of water and sanitation interventions under GPDP
 To discuss the concept, activities, key provisions of Swachh Credit
 To clarify role of GP level functionaries in mobilizing funds for sustainable and safe
water and sanitation facilities
Duration 45 Minutes
Methodology  Case study (Convergence & Water.org (Maharashtra project))
 Brainstorming
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Written case studies
Key learning points  GP has an important role in mobilizing funds for activities in creation of Sujal & Swachh
Gaon
 Convergence of various schemes/ programmes and its integration to resource
envelope of GPDP is crucial while planning resources for water and sanitation facilities.
 Effective to be taken for prioritizing water and sanitation interventions in GPDP plan
 Swachh Credit is important for providing financial support in creation or up gradation
of sanitation and water facilities at individual level.
Facilitator Guide
Reference material  Chapter 14 of the Resource book for Sarpanch.

 Training manual on ODF(S)- Sustainable sanitation under SBM(G) by Government of
Maharashtra
Reference IEC  Set of alternative financing posters available in Marathi and English(UNICEF
Materials Delhi,Water.org)
 Power point presentation on alternative finance by Water.org

minute
Begin the session by asking participants about the schemes from where fund can be mobilized
for water and sanitation works at village level. List down the schemes on chart paper. Then ask
0-10
participant about the process to avail these funds. At the end of this discussion display table
illustrating scheme wise works which can be taken up at village level along with the process.
Explain how these schemes can be incorporated within the GPDP with key action for prioritizing
11-20
water and sanitation interventions. Give an example for improved clarity.
Discuss other funding sources like CSR and process of availing these funds for creation of water
21-30
and sanitation facilities and O&M
31-35 Further discuss about the concept, activities, key provisions of Swachh Credit.
Explain with an example why community ownership is important in sustainable use of water
36-40 and sanitation facilities. Discuss the importance of community contribution and shramdaan for
developing community ownership.
Conclude the session by sharing a success story on convergence and alternative finance option
41-45
(Share the case study of water.org)
Session 2.5 Information Education and Communication (IEC) for Sujal

& Swachh Gaon
Session Objectives
 To describe the importance of IEC for water and sanitation awareness
 To develop key messages on ODF Plus (ODF sustainability and safe water) at
individual and community level
 To inform about steps for IEC (wall paintings 1+4)
 To develop tools for motivating HHs to get tap connection
 To discuss village level planning process for IEC activities, selection of communicator,
process of fund mobilisation for IEC
 To clarify roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders for effective
implementation of IEC activities.
Duration 60 Minutes
Methodology  Group work
Facilitator Guide

 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Live demo, templates, examples etc.
Key learning points  IEC is an effective tool to create awareness on water and sanitation at Individual and
community level.
 It is important to develop and disseminate key messages for sustainable use of water
and sanitation facilities.
 For effective implementation of IEC activities planning, availability of materials and
funds, selection of communicator and role of Sarpanch is crucial.
 Key messages should be developed based on IEC activities to be carried out at HH and
community level.
Reference material  One day module for senior manager on community approach to sanitation
 Two day module for middle level manager on community approach to sanitation
 Five day module for community facilitator on community approach to sanitation
 MDWS, Government of India. (2012). Sanitation and Hygiene Advocacy and
Communication
 Framework (2012-2017).
 MDWS, Government of India. (2016). Handbook on Technological Options for On-site
Sanitation in Rural Areas. Retrieved from http://www.mdws.gov.in/ sites/default/
files/Final% 20Draft_Handbook%20 MDWS%2BWaterAid %20%20onsite%20
sanitation.pdf
 Ministry of Health, Liberia (n.d.). Behaviour Change Communication-Module 8
Reference IEC  4+1 IEC posters
Materials  PSA on Safe storage and handling of water
 PSA on water quality
 PSA on keeping water sources clean
 IEC planning template Delhi &PriMove
 ODF + posters UNICEF Bihar, West Bengal and Rajasthan
 Film and presentations on water quality parameter, West Bengal

minute
Begin the session by discussing key points to be covered under the session.
Ask the participants that in case of good news or an unfortunate incident in the village, what
steps are taken by them to inform all villagers. Generally, following answers will be provided by
the participants-
 One village person is called and is asked to communicate the specific message.
0-10
 Then, he is informed as to whom the message will be communicated.
 Then the concerned households are communicated with the message,
 Then delivery of the message to concerned HH is ensured by the presence of the
particular family at the concerned place.
 The message is also sometimes communicated through social media and mobile.
Based on the above discussion inform the participants that the process adopted to
Facilitator Guide
communicate specific message for specific action by specific target groups is called Information
Education and Communication (IEC).
Inform the participants that a feeling of ownership is required for sustainable use of water and
sanitation facilities and IEC activities are necessary for relevant behaviour change. Then discuss
11-15
the importance and process of developing key messages for implementation of IEC activities
through an example.
Then facilitate presentation on methods of IEC including wall painting (1+4) at strategic
16-25
location.
Also describe the process for identifying, engaging and training of communicators. Make use of
26-30
templates, examples from states etc. if possible.
Divide the participants into 4 groups. Then ask each group to list key message, communication
tool and communicator for the following given topics
 Regular use of toilets
 Organic waste management at individual level
31-50  Grey water management at individual level
 Importance of HH tap connection
Debrief the participants on development of key messages. Few relevant examples (IEC material
templates, material being used in states, planning templates etc.) may be demonstrated if
required.
Discuss about the planning for IEC activities including fund mobilization. Wrap up the session by
51-60 defining the role of village stakeholders in the IEC activities. Use examples (IEC material
templates, material being used in states, planning templates etc.) for facilitation of the session.
Session 2.6 App introduction

Session Objectives
 To inform about the app developed by central government which compiles the
information on water and sanitation activities in a village
 To describe the process of data entry in the app
 To motivate the participants for updating information in the app
Duration 45 Minutes
 Demonstration
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 App
Key learning points  Regular update of information in the app is necessary for understanding the GP wise
status of works and monitoring the progress by higher levels
Reference material  Chapter 15 of the Resource book for Sarpanch.

minute
Facilitator Guide
Inform the participants that app will be a medium to collect information regarding water and
0-10
sanitation status of the villages and also to monitor the progress made
Show the app on the screen and demonstrate the process of filling information in the app and
11-40 ask them to fill the information as per instructions and also to update action plans in a periodic
manner
Inform the participants about the deadline to update the information and respond to their
41-45
queries.
Session 2.7 Planning of the Field Visit

Session Objectives
 To understand objectives of the field visit
 To clarify roles and responsibilities of the participants during field work
 To enlighten participants about the village profile
Duration 45 minutes
Methodology
Training Aids 
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Formats and checklists
Key learning points
 Clarity on roles during field visit is important for efficient and smooth facilitation of
field visit.

Time slot in minutes Process
0-5 Share the objective of the field visit.
Divide the participants in three groups. Ensure that participants are divided equally.
6-10
Request participant to sit in groups.
Share the checklist for compilation of key learning’s and pointers for facilitation of
discussion on
 Safe and Secured drinking water supply
 Sustaining ODF
11-30  SLWM
Ask groups to select group leaders and assign the responsibility of facilitation and
documentation of each task.
Then define the role of team members during the field visit.
Provide brief profile of the village and the community.
Facilitator Guide
Ask team to discuss within the group and prepare plan for facilitation of discussion
31-45 during field visit. The facilitators will support the groups during preparation of the plan.
Facilitator Guide
Session 3.2 Sharing of learnings of the field visit

Day - 3
Session Objectives
 To share key learnings from the field visit and how participants may replicate those in
their own villages
 To understand the motivational level of participants required for achieving the goals of
Sujal and Swachh Gaon
Duration 45 minutes
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD & Laptop
Key learning points
 Experience sharing helps to reflect upon the measures that can be taken for replication
and scaling up for creation of Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
Reference Material
-

0-5 Begin the session by sharing the objectives of the session.
Request participants to sit in the group. Then, ask each group to prepare presentation on
6-20 - What they learnt from the visit?
- How are they going to replicate these measures in their own villages?
21-35 Then, ask 1-2 members of each group to share their experiences.
36-45 Summarize the key discussion points and share your observations and experiences.
Session 3.3 Community Led Action Planning Process for Sujal and
Swachh Gaon
Session Objectives
 To describe the need and importance of village level planning process for Sujal and
Swachh Gaon
 To explain activities to be completed in three stages of village level planning process
 To discuss the process for identifying and mapping key stakeholders for the planning
process
 To describe the process of deployment of each tool and its deliverables
 To develop understanding on budgeting exercise and convergence from other
government programmes
 To clarify the process of village level planning process for effective implementation
Duration 45 minutes
Facilitator Guide

 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
 Audio visual clip
Key learning points
 The village level planning process is important for transforming villages into Sujal and
Swachh Gaon.
 Participatory process helps to understand key actions required for creation of Sujal and
Swachh Gaon.
 GP has critical role in organization of planning process to ensure community
ownership.
Reference Material
 Training manual on - Sustainable sanitation under SBM(G) by Government of
Maharashtra

Initiate the session with the discussion on concept and importance of village level
0-5
planning process and the role of GP before, during and after the planning process.
 Connecting to previous discussion, share the process to be followed before, during and
after the village level planning process.
 Taking this session forward explain activities to be done before the planning process-
6-10
- Informing villagers to participate during planning process
- Organize meeting of village level key stakeholders
- Identification of facilitator group
- Resource mobilization
 Continue the session by discussing the tools that will be used during the process and
the role of GP during implementation of each tool.
- Primary meeting
- Assessment of household level sanitation facilities and its uses
- Assessment of Institutional water and sanitation facilities (sanitation coverage
and use)
11-25 - Sanitation walk (Assessment of solid waste and liquid waste management)
- Water facilities transact (drinking water supply)
- WQ assessment
- Plan preparation
- Village meeting/gramsabha
 Trainer to use photographs and clips to explain the tools and share the planning
templates and format to be filled up during implementation of each tool.
 Explain activities which need to be done after village level planning process-
26-35 - Report preparation and submission
- Village level meeting for finalization of next plan of action for implementation of village
Facilitator Guide
action plan
- Activities for implementation of village action plan and it’s monitoring.
36-40  Show the audio visual clips of village level planning process
41-45  Conclude the session by responding to participants’ queries
Session 3.4: Action Planning and presentations

Session Objectives
 To prepare ‘Sujal and Swachh Gaon’ action plan for GP
 To provide guidance to participants for preparing Sujal and Swachh Gaon action plan of
his/her GP
 Demonstration of uploading the action plan in to the APP
Duration 45 minutes
Methodology PowerPoint presentation
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning points
 Targeted action plan is important for timely achievement of Sujal and Swachh Gaon
goals.
 The action plan for Sujal and Swachh Gaon should include key actions with allocation of
resources.
 The process of uploading the action plan in the APP is explained to all Sarpanchs and
Gram Sachivs

0-10 Request the participants from one village to form a group and to sit in groups according
their villages.
11-35 Provide village action planning format to the groups and facilitate how to fill up the given
format. Demonstration of uploading it in to the APP
36-45 Request 1 or 2 village groups to present their village action plan.
Session 3.5: Training Evaluation and Valediction

Session Objectives
 To share overall training experience in plenary for cross learning
 To evaluate the outcomes of the training
 To take feedback on the process followed during 3 day training
Duration 30 minutes
Methodology PowerPoint presentation
Facilitator Guide
Training Aids
 Flipcharts
 Markers
 Sketch Pens
 White Board
 LCD &Laptop
Key learning points
 Sharing of overall training experience will help to assimilate and consolidate the
knowledge gained during the training.
 Training feedback will enable the facilitators and trainers to evaluate the level of
learning of participants.

0-5 Invite dignitaries on the dais and brief them about the training and its expected
outcomes.
6-15 Ask the participants to share their overall training experience.
16-20 Request dignitaries (officials from State/Ministry/District) to facilitate key note and guide
participants for effective roll out of the Sujal and Swachh Gaon.
21-25 Provide post training evaluation questionnaire and feedback form to the participants and
request them to fill it up.
26-30 Collect the forms and wrap up the training.
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
6 Pre-Post Training Assessment
This chapter presents the pre and post training evaluation questionnaire to
understand the level of knowledge gained by the participants during the training.
6.1 Pre-Training Evaluation Questionnaire

Venue: ------------------------------------ Date: -------------
Please tick (√) the appropriate option
1. Which of the following are components of a Sujal and Swachh Gaon?
□ Solid liquid waste management □ Faecal sludge management

□Menstrual health hygiene management □ All of the above
2. Which of the following is important for safe and secure water supply?
□ Water quality management □ Operation and maintenance of water supply facilities

□ Water demand and supply side management □ All of the above
3. Which of the following is the original source of water?
□Rain □ Surface water □Ground water
4. How much bleaching powder should be used for chlorination of 1000 litres drinking
water?
□ 1 gm □5 gm
□10 gm □Don‘t know
5. What % of domestic water is drained out daily as liquid waste in rural India?
Facilitator Guide
□ 45 □80
□60 □70
6. If a toilet is used by 5-6 persons, how many years does the pit take to get filled?
□ 1 year □1-2 year

□ 4-5 year □Don’t know
7. What should be the minimum distance (in metres) between toilet pit and drinking water
source?
□1 □5
□3 □10
8. Which of the following product can be used to clean a twin pit toilet?
□ Lime □Acid
□Harpic □Lime or salt
9. Which of the following is the recommended model of operation of Gobardhan scheme?
□Gram Panchayat □SHG Federation

□Bulk Waste Generator/ Entrepreneur □Any Eligible Enterprise
□ All of the above
10. What are the untied sources of funds which can be used for water and sanitation
interventions in GPDP
□Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana □ Pradhan Mantri Gramsadak Yojana

□ 14th Finance □ None of the above
Name of the participant:
Date: Signature:
Facilitator Guide
6.2 Post-Training Evaluation Questionnaire

Venue: ------------------------------------ Date: -------------
Please tick (√) the appropriate option
1. Which of the following are components of a Sujal and Swachh Gaon?
□ Solid liquid waste management □ Faecal sludge management

□Menstrual health hygiene management □ All of the above
2. Which of the following is important for safe and secure water supply?
□ Water quality management □ Operation and maintenance of water supply facilities

□ Water demand and supply side management □ All of the above
3. Which of the following is the original source of water?
□Rain □ Surface water □Ground water
4. How much bleaching powder should be used for chlorination of 1000 litres drinking
water?
□ 1 gm □5 gm
□10 gm □Don‘t know
5. What % of domestic water is drained out daily as liquid waste in rural India?
□ 45 □80
□60 □70
6. If a toilet is used by 5-6 persons, how many years does the pit take to get filled?
□ 1 year □1-2 year

□4-5 year □Don’t know
Facilitator Guide
7. What should be the minimum distance (in metres) between toilet pit and drinking water
source?
□1 □5
□3 □10
8. Which of the following product can be used to clean a twin pit toilet?
□ Lime □Acid
□Harpic □Lime or salt
9. Which of the following is the recommended model of operation of Gobardhan scheme?
□Gram Panchayat □SHG Federation

□Bulk Waste Generator/ Entrepreneur □Any Eligible Enterprise
□ All of the above
10. What are the untied sources of funds which can be used for water and sanitation
interventions in GPDP
□Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana □ Pradhan Mantri Gramsadak Yojana

□ 14th Finance □ None of the above
Name of the participant:
Date: Signature:
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
7 Template for Training Evaluation
With the help of this template, the user can understand the feedback of the trainees regarding
the subject matter, methodology used by the trainer, facilities at the venue, etc.
Training Evaluation Form
Feedback Form
Name of the training:
Venue Duration: Date :
Please tick () the appropriate box. (1- Excellent 2- Good 3- Fair 4- Poor)
No. Details Excellent Poor

1 2 3 4
A. Overall rating of the training program
B. Evaluation of Workshop effectiveness
1. Functioning of the training aid used during the training
2. Usefulness of the resource material
3. Overall effectiveness of the workshop
C. Evaluation of Resource persons
1. Subject knowledge
2. Training facilitation
3. Demonstration skills
4. Group work facilitation
5. Co-ordination between resource persons & participants
D. Facilities at the venue
1. Facilities and cleanliness in the classroom
2. Lodging
3. Food
4. Discipline
Did you get inputs/ ideas through the workshop for better performance at your work
E.
place? If yes, How?
Facilitator Guide
Knowledge-
1.
Skill-
2.
Attitude-
3.
F. Suggestions for improving effectiveness of the training?
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
8 Registration and Attendance formats
This chapter presents a template for registering the training participants and an attendance sheet to mark their daily attendance.
Subject: Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries on Sujal and Swachh Gaon
Registration Sheet
Venue:-------------------------------------------------- Duration : / /20

No. Name of the participant Designation State District Department/Institution Signature
1.
2.
3.
Facilitator Guide
Subject : Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries on Sujal and Swachh
Gaon
Attendance sheet
Venue: --------------------------------------------------- Duration : / /20
No. Name and designation Department/Institution Contact no. Signature

Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
(O.)
1. (M.)
E-mail-
2.
3.
Facilitator Guide
Chapter
9 Training Aids
No. Material Unit

Material commonly required
1. Colour chart paper (White, Pink, Yellow and sky blue) 20
2. White Board With Stand 1
3. White board Markers - Black, Blue, Red and Green 2 Each
4. Permanent Markers - Black, Blue, Red and Green 4 Each
5. Both side tape 2
6. Sketch Pen (Packet) 4
7. Pre- Test Questionnaire 45 copies
8. Writing Pad 45
9. Pen 45
10. Folders 45
11. Stapler and stapler pins 1
12. White board Clips 4
13. Extension board 1
14. Banner 1
15. Demonstration material As per requirement
16. Sound system, microphone and stand 1
17. LCD Projector, screen 1 Unit
18. laptop, speaker 1 unit
19. White Paper A4 Size 40 papers
20. Digital Camera 1
21. Training manual 45 copies
22. Post Test Questionnaire 45 copies
23. Feedback Form 45 copies
24. Scale 2
25. Pencil 5
26. Eraser 5
27. Sharpener 5
.
Material required for field work
1. Printed format for conducting HH survey.
2. Printed format for village action plan preparation

Sujal and Swachh Gaon: Facilitator Guide

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sujal and Swachh Gaon: Facilitator Guide

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sujal and Swachh Gaon: Facilitator Guide

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti

Training of Gram Panchayat Sarpanch and Panchayat Secretaries

1. About the Facilitator Guide ...................................................................................................... 1

About the Facilitator Guide

Purpose of the Guide

Contents of the Guide

2 Brief about the Training

7. Training schedule Attached in chapter 4

No of sessions Session Typology

and management (Source strengthening, GOBARDHAN and community composting

d. Specific tools for mobilizing families to take c. Process and formats

Session Time Session Title

Session 1.1: Setting Environment

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

00-10 Facilitate registration of the participants.

Session 1.2: Importance of Water and Sanitation Service Delivery

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Session 1.3: Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) -

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Inform the participants about objectives, components, types of schemes, eligibility

Session 1.4: Drinking Water Availability and Demand in the Village

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Open the session by brainstorming on why sources fail?

Discussion on cases where extraction is more than recharge resulting in drying of

Session 1.5: Sustainability of the Ground Water Sources by Using

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Session 1.6: Operation and Maintenance of Water Supply Scheme

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

0 – 10 min. Brainstorming: Key characteristics of well-functioning water supply scheme

11– 25 Group work: Daily operation and technical maintenance:

Session 1.7: Essentials of Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

11-20 Sanitary survey:

Day - 2 Session 2.1: Sustaining Open Defecation free Status

New Delhi 19 December 2017

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

 Group 1: Through photographic presentation/ videos/ short films, present an example of

Group 2: Through photographic presentation/ videos/ short films, present an example of a

Session 2.3 Grey Water Management and Faecal Sludge Management

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

steps of grey water management.

Session 2.4 Resource Envelope for Water & Sanitation Facilities

Reference material  Chapter 14 of the Resource book for Sarpanch.

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Session 2.5 Information Education and Communication (IEC) for Sujal

Training Aids  Flipcharts

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Session 2.6 App introduction

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Session 2.7 Planning of the Field Visit

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

0-5 Share the objective of the field visit.

Session 3.2 Sharing of learnings of the field visit

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

Training Aids  Flipcharts

Facilitator Guidance (Process for session delivery)

41-45  Conclude the session by responding to participants’ queries