K3V112DT Instruction Manual: Kawasaki Precision Machinery of America 5080 36 Street S.E. Grand Rapids, MI 49512

K3V112DT
INSTRUCTION
MANUAL
KAWASAKI PRECISION MACHINERY OF AMERICA

5080 36TH Street S.E.
Grand Rapids, MI 49512
www.kawasakipmd.com
Date: July 2004
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine

K3V112DT Instruction Manual
CONTENTS PAGE
1. SPECIFICATIONS
1.1. Installation 2
1.2. Porting Identification 2
1.3. General Specifications 3
1.4. Regulator Characteristics 5
1.5. Cross Sectional Drawings 6
1.6. Hydraulic Schematic 6
2. CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS

2.1. Pump Construction 7
2.1.1 Rotating Group 7
2.1.2 Swash Plate Group 8
2.1.3 Valve Cover Group 8
2.2. Regulator Functions 9
2.2.1. General Description 9
2.2.2. Torque Summation Control (Total Horsepower) 11
2.2.3. Negative Control (Negacon) 16
3. DISASSEMBLY and ASSEMBLY

3.1. General Precautions 21
3.2. Tools 22
3.3. Disassembly 23
3.4. Assembly 27
4. MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
4.1 Part Inspection 32
5. TROUBLE SHOOTING
5.1. General Comments 33
5.2. Basic Pump 34
6. SPARE PARTS
6.1. Cross Sectional Drawings 35
6.2. Parts Listings 38
1 OF 39 June 2004

1. SPECIFICATIONS
1.1. Installation
1.2. Porting Identification

Ref. Port Name Port Size
A1, 2 Delivery Port SAE 6000 psi ¾”
B1 Suction Port SAE 2500 psi 2 ½”
Dr Drain Port G ¾ - 20
Pi1, 2 Pilot Port G ¼ - 15
PSV Servo Assist Port G ¼ - 15
a1, 2 Gauge Ports G ¼ - 15
2 OF 39 June 2004

1. Specifications (cont.)
1.3. General Specifications
1.3.1. Pump
Displacement :- 2 x 55 cc/rev
Maximum Self Priming Speed :- 2,600 min-1
Maximum Boosted Speed :- 3,000 min-1
Actual Operating Speed :- 2,100 min-1
Rated Pressure :- 320 bar
Maximum Pressure :- 350 bar
Maximum Available Flow Rate :- 2 x 115 L/min
Maximum Input Torque :- 319 Nm
Maximum Input Power :- 70 kW
Direction of Rotation :- Counter Clockwise
Control Characteristics :- Simultaneous Total Horsepower Control
Negative Flow Control
Variable Horsepower Control
Two Stage Maximum Flow Control
Minimum Suction Pressure :- -0.1 bar (Self Priming) ; +1 bar (Boosted)
Maximum Suction Pressure :- +10 bar
Allowable Mean Case Pressure :- 1 bar
Allowable Surge Casing Pressure :- 4 bar
Working Fluid :- Anti-Wear Hydraulic Fluid
Temperature Range :- -20o ~ 95oC
Oil Viscosity Range :- 10 ~ 200 cSt Working
Recommended Filtration :- Nominal 10 micron (Full Flow Return Line)
Fluid Cleanliness :- ISO 4466 / 1986 Code 18/15
Pump Casing Capacity :- 2 Litres
3 OF 39 June 2004

1.3. General Specifications (cont.)
1.3.2. Pump Control Settings (Pump Speed 2,100 min-1)
Variable Power Shift Range :- 70 ~ 44 kW

Two Stage Flow Control Flow Setting :- 2 x 95 L/min (@80 bar)
Two Stage Flow Control Operating Pressure:- 38 bar
Minimum Flow Rate:- 2 x 21 L/min (@80 bar)
Negative Control Pilot Pressure Range:- 11.7 bar ~ 32.2 bar
1.3.3. Control Adjustment Rates
Adj. Change for ¼ clockwise turn

Adjustment
Ref. of the referenced adjuster
Maximum
954 - 1.55 cm3/rev {-3.26 L/min}
Displacement
Minimum
953 + 1.55 cm3/rev {+3.26 L/min}
Displacement
Two Stage Flow
642 - 3.77 cm3/rev {-7.92 L/min}
Control
Negative Control
924 + 1.63 bar {+7.47 L/min}
Pilot Pressure
Outer Spring, + 18.8 bar & +10.7 L/min
625
Power Control {equivalent to +31.4 Nm}
Inner Spring, + 26.8 bar & +5.6 L/min
626
Power Control {equivalent to +26.4 Nm}
4 OF 39 June 2004

1.4 Regulator Characteristics
Negative Displacement Control

250
225
Combined Pump Flow
200
175
Rate (L/min)
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Negative Control Pressure (Bar)
Total Horsepower Control

250
225
Combined Pump Flow
200
175
Rate (L/min)
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Pump Discharge Pressure (Bar) [P1&P2]
5 OF 39 June 2004

1.5. Cross Sectional Drawing
1.6. Hydraulic Schematic
6 OF 39 June 2004

2.0 CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS
2.1. Construction
The components of the K3V pump can be divided into three sub-groupings: -
Rotating Group - which provides the main rotary pumping action

Swash Plate Group - to vary the pump’s delivery flow rate
& Valve Cover Group - which provides the switching of oil between suction and
delivery ports.
2.1.1 Rotating Group

This is composed of the drive shaft (111), cylinder block (141), pistons (9 x151),
shoes (9 x 152), setting plate (153), spherical bush (156), spacer (158) and cylinder
springs (9 x 157). The drive shaft is supported at both its ends by bearings (123 &
124). The drive shaft is coupled to the cylinder block through a splined section. The
shoe is swaged over the spherical end of the piston so as to form a spherical ball
joint. In addition the shoe has a hydrostatic pocket so as to effectively balance the
hydraulic thrust developed by the piston pressure so that the shoe can lightly slide
against the shoe plate (211). Additionally the subgroup consisting of the pistons
and shoes are pressed against the shoe plate by the cylinder springs, which act
through the setting plate and the spherical bush. The force developed by these
cylinder springs also press the cylinder block against the valve plate (313)
7 OF 39 June 2004

2. CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS (cont.)
2.1. Construction (cont.)
2.1.2. Swash Plate Group
This is composed of the swash plate (212), shoe plate (211), swash plate support
(251), tilting bush (214), tilting pin (531) and the servo piston (532). The swash
plate on the reverse side to the shoe location is of a cylindrical form which is
“pillow” supported by the hydrostatic bearing provided by the swash plate support.
The tilting bush is inserted into the swash plate and into this is installed the
spherical portion of the tilting pin which in turn is coupled to the servo piston itself.
Any linear movement of the servo piston produced by regulator pressure applied to
either of its ends is thereby translated through the tilting pin into an angular
movement of the swash plate which thereby varies the tilting or swash angle of the
pump. Screw adjusters and lock nuts are available to adjust the factory set
maximum (954) and minimum (953) tilting angle conditions.
2.1.3. Valve Cover Group
This is composed of the valve cover (312), valve plate (313) and valve plate pin
(885). The valve plate with its two “melon” shaped ports is installed onto the valve
plate being located by the valve plate pin. These two ports serve to supply and
exhaust oil to and from the cylinder block. The oil passage switched by the valve
plate is connected to the externally piped suction and outlet pressure ports through
the valve cover.
When the pump’s drive shaft is driven by a prime mover, the cylinder block being
spline coupled to the shaft will also rotate. If the swash plate has been tilted, the
pistons arranged in the cylinder block due to the shoe being retained on the swash
plate surface will both rotate with the cylinder block and reciprocate once per
revolution. Paying attention to one such piston then it will move away from the
valve plate for half a rotation (suction stroke) and move towards the valve plate for
the second half of rotation (oil delivery stroke). The larger the tilt angle is the longer
the piston stroke and thereby the higher is the pump’s displacement. If the swash
plate tilting angle however is zero then the piston makes no stroke and thereby
delivers no oil.
In the case of the K3V63DT tandem pump this has the construction whereby two
pumps complete with their individual regulators are connected together by a
coupling (114) within the central valve block (312) and that the drive shaft on the
front pump (111) is connected to the prime mover. The oil suction port is common
to both the rear and front pumps. The two pumps however are each provided with
independent delivery ports.
8 OF 39 June 2004

2.2. Regulator Functions

2.2.1. General Description
The KR3 series regulators have been designed to give varied controlled options for the
K3V series of axial piston pumps ideally suited to their application to excavator type
systems.
The control options covered are:
a) Total Power Control (Torque Summation)

b) Power Shift
c) Negative Displacement Control
d) Two Stage Maximum Flow Control
651 651
652 621 623
613 652 612
643
611 622 611
723 898 626
646
625
α max α max
α min α min
532 532
(531)PUMP (531)PUMP
The operation of the regulator utilises a follower-type lever linkage system (611)
connected between the pump’s servo piston (532), the main control spool (652) and the
regulator body (613) itself. This lever arrangement is activated by a series of pilot pistons
(621 & 643) together with their associated control springs (625, 626 & 646) from which the
relevant regulator control characteristic is obtained. The use of such a feed back lever
arrangement from the servo piston ensures a highly responsive and accurate control
system.
The servo piston (532) is connected through the pivot point (531) to the swash plate of the
pump. Movement of the servo piston (532) to the left increases pump displacement and to
the right reduces it.
The servo piston (532) itself has an area ratio of 4:1 whereby the smaller piston area to
the right is continuously connected to the pump’s outlet pressure. The larger diameter
area of the servo piston to the left is fed from the main regulator spool (652), which as it
pressurises this servo piston area progressively reduces the pump displacement.
9 OF 39 June 2004

2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

2.2.1. General Description (cont.)
874
875A 875
897
877
876
(531) PUMP
532
The various lever and linkage arrangements within the regulator assembly are illustrated
above. The main feedback lever is shown in the centre where the servo pivot (531)
couples it to the servo piston. The spool pivot (874) couples the lever directly to the main
control spool. Additionally the feedback pivot (897) couples this feedback lever to both the
displacement lever (to the right) and to the power lever (to the left). The displacement
lever is anchored to the regulator body by the fixed pivot pin (875) whereas the power
lever is anchored in a similar manner by the fixed pivot (875A).
In order, to better understand the functioning of this assembly, the regulator itself will now
be split into two separate halves. Firstly viewing the Power or Torque Summation Control
(to the left) and then later that of the Negative Displacement control (to the right)
10 OF 39 June 2004

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control

874 651
621 623
875 612
652
897 622 611
612 898 626
611
625
876
α max
(531)PUMP α min
532
(531)PUMP
The above sections specifically show the Torque Summation Control with their necessary
feedback mechanisms. These figures should be studied such that a general familiarisation
of the mechanism is built up. The following description will help in this understanding.
Pump outlet pressure is fed into the larger stepped diameter area of the Power control
piston (621). Pressure feedback from the second pump unit is in addition fed into the
smaller stepped diameter area. These two stepped areas are equal.
The consequence of which is that both pumps destroke together to the same
displacement condition. The force so produced is balanced by the spring preload created
by the inner (626) and outer (625) power springs. At low pump feedback pressures only
the outer spring (625) is active and as combined pumps pressure force on the piston (621)
increases then the inner spring (624) also becomes active. Consequently a change in
spring rate changes at some point which provides the characteristic curve.
Movement of the piston (621) under the action of these pump(s) pressure forces is
transmitted by the power push rod (623) against the springs (624 & 625). This movement
shifts the power control lever (612) on its fixed pivot (875A) towards the right of the
diagram. This movement is transmitted from the power control lever (612) via the feed
back pivot (897) to the feedback lever (611), which rotates “clockwise" slightly around the
servo pivot (531). As the feed back lever (611) is also connected to the main spool (652)
via (874) this causes the main spool to port pressurised oil to the larger diameter area of
the pump’s servo piston, which in turn begins to destroke the pump. This action results in
the main feedback lever (611) to shift in an anti-clockwise direction. A state of equilibrium
will eventually exist whereby the servo piston position and thereby pump displacement is
so maintained that the main control spool is back in a central metering condition. In this
condition the pressure fed to the servo pistons larger diameter will maintain equilibrium.
11 OF 39 June 2004

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control (cont.)
Main Spool & Sleeve Metering
PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
P1
P2
PcL Pd
α max α min
876 α min
531
α max
The following sequence will assist in understanding the operation.
Pressure P1 is connected to the delivery port of the front pump section, whereas P2 is
connected to the rear pump delivery port.
For this explanation we will consider P1 & P2 as being connected together at the same
pressure. (I.e. Both pumps loaded at the same delivery pressures.)
The diagram above illustrates the balanced condition whereby the Power Piston force is
balanced against the Power Spring Pack force, the Main Spool metering position is in a
null position and is porting enough fluid to the Large Servo Piston to maintain a force
balance across the servo piston.
At this condition the Large Servo Piston pressure is approximately ¼ of the pumps
delivery pressure. The Feed Back Lever is keeping a check on the position of the Swash
Plate, which in turn moves the Main Spool to correct any error. The various positions of
levers & pistons should be noted.
12 OF 39 June 2004


PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
P1
P2
PcL Pd
α max α min
876 α min
α max
As the delivery pressure increases at P1 & P2 the Power Piston compresses the Power
Spring Pack, the linear movement of the Power Push Rod causes the Power Lever to
pivot around Fixed Pivot 1 towards the right.
This movement is transmitted from the Power Lever to the Feed Back Lever via the Feed
Back Pivot.
The Feed Back Lever now rotates “clockwise” around the Servo Pivot slightly and causes
the Main Spool to move to the right through the Spool Pivot point.
The enlarged view of the Main Spool metering now shows delivery pressure being ported
to the Large Servo Piston (i.e. Pd to PCL.)
13 OF 39 June 2004

PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
P1
P2
PcL Pd
α max α min
876 α min
α max
This develops on the previous figure whereby this time the Servo Piston has now moved
further to the right and closer towards minimum displacement.
As can be seen the various lever angles have changed from the previous figure.
As the Servo Piston has moved to the right the Feed Back Lever has now rotated about
the Feed Back Pivot, causing the Main Spool to move back to the null position to the left
of its previous position.
Once again the Main Spool is porting enough fluid to maintain the pressure balance
across the Servo Piston and hence the new Swash Plate position.
14 OF 39 June 2004


PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
P1
P2
PcL Pd
α max α min
876 α min
α max
This figure details a fall in delivery pressure, this time the Power Spring Pack releases and
moves the Power Push Rod to the left of its previous position as the Power Piston force
has now reduced due to the reduction in delivery pressure.
Again the movement of the Power Lever is transmitted via the Feed Back Pivot and the
Main spool’s compression spring, eliminates backlash by pulling the Main Spool to the left
which thereby meters the Large Servo Piston pressure to tank pressure. As the small side
of the Servo Piston is connected to the pump delivery pressure the Servo Piston moves to
the left such that the displacement of the pump increases towards maximum.
When the Servo Piston has reached its position the Feed Back Lever causes the Main
Spool to control once more at the null position and steady state control is once again
achieved.
15 OF 39 June 2004

2.2.3. Negative Displacement Control

874 652 651
875 613
643
897 611
613 723
611 646
877 α max
(531)PUMP α min
532
(531)PUMP
The above sections specifically show the Negative Displacement Control with its
necessary feedback mechanisms. These figures should be studied such that a general
familiarisation of the mechanism is built up. The following description will help in this
understanding.
The Negative control pressure signal acts onto the left end of the displacement piston and
push rod (643). The force so produced is balanced by the spring preload created by the
displacement pilot spring (646).
Any imbalance in this force creates a movement of the displacement control lever (613)
on its fixed pivot (875). A movement of the piston to the right is transmitted from the
displacement control lever (613) via the feed back pivot (897) to the feedback lever (611),
which rotates “clockwise” slightly around the servo pivot (531). As the feed back lever
(611) is also connected to the main spool (652) via (874) this causes the main spool to
meter pressurised fluid to the larger diameter area of the pump’s servo piston, which in
turn begins to destroke the pump. This action results in the main feedback lever (611) to
shift in an anti-clockwise direction. A state of equilibrium will eventually exist whereby the
servo piston position and thereby pump displacement is so maintained that the main
control spool is back in a central metering condition. In this condition the pressure fed to
the servo pistons larger diameter will maintain equilibrium.
16 OF 39 June 2004

2.2.3. Negative Displacement Control (cont.)
PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
Pi
13%
18
%
12bar 37bar
32bar
Pi
α max α min
876 α min
531
α max
The following sequence will assist in understanding the operation.
Pressure Pi is connected to negative control pressure signal.
The diagram above illustrates the balanced condition whereby the Displacement Piston
force is balanced against the Displacement Spring force, the Main Spool metering position
is in a null position and is porting enough fluid to the Large Servo Piston to maintain a
force balance across the servo piston.
At this condition the Large Servo Piston pressure is approximately ¼ of the pumps
delivery pressure. The Feed Back Lever is keeping a check on the position of the Swash
Plate, which in turn moves the Main Spool to correct any error. The various positions of
levers & pistons should be noted.
17 OF 39 June 2004


PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
Pi
13%
18
%
PcL Pi
12bar 37bar
32bar
α max α min
876 α min
531
α max
As the negative pressure control signal (Pi) increases the Displacement piston
compresses the Displacement Spring, the linear movement of the piston causes the
displacement Lever to pivot around Fixed Pivot 2 towards the left.
This movement is transmitted from the Displacement Lever to the Feed Back Lever via
the Feed Back Pivot.
The Feed Back Lever now rotates “clockwise” around the Servo Pivot slightly and causes
the Main Spool to move to the right through the Spool Pivot point.
The enlarged view of the Main Spool metering now shows delivery pressure being ported
to the Large Servo Piston (i.e. Pd to PCL.)
18 OF 39 June 2004


PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
Pi
13%
18
%
PcL Pi
12bar 37bar
32bar
α max α min
876 α min
531
α max
This develops on the previous figure whereby this time the Servo Piston has now moved
further to the right and closer towards minimum displacement.
As can be seen the various lever angles have changed from the previous figure.
As the Servo Piston has moved to the right the Feed Back Lever has now rotated about
the Feed Back Pivot, causing the Main Spool to move back to the null position to the left
of its previous position.
Once again the Main Spool is porting enough fluid to maintain the pressure balance
across the Servo Piston and hence the new Swash Plate position.
19 OF 39 June 2004


PcL Pd
Pd T
Pd T
PcL
875 α
874
897
Pi
13%
18
%
PcL Pi
12bar 37bar
32bar
α max α min
876 α min
531
α max
This figure details a fall in the negative control pressure, this time the Displacement Spring
releases and moves the Piston to the left of its previous position as the Displacement
Piston force has now reduced due to the reduction in control pressure.
Again the movement of the Displacement Lever is transmitted via the Feed Back Pivot
and the Main spool’s compression spring, eliminates backlash by pulling the Main Spool
to the left which thereby meters the Large Servo Piston pressure to tank pressure. As the
small side of the Servo Piston is connected to the pump delivery pressure the Servo
Piston moves to the left such that the displacement of the pump increases towards
maximum.
When the Servo Piston has reached its position the Feed Back Lever causes the Main
Spool to control once more at the null position and steady state control is once again
achieved.
20 OF 39 June 2004

3. Disassembly and Assembly
3.1. General Precautions
a. All hydraulic components are manufactured to a high precision. Consequently, before

disassembling and assembling them, it is essential to select an especially clean place.
b. In handling a main pump, pay full attention to prevent dust, sand, etc. from entering
into it.
c. When a pump is to be removed from the machine, apply caps and masking seals to all
ports. Before disassembling the pump, re-check that these caps and masking seals
are fitted completely, and then clean the outside of the assembly. Use a proper bench
for working. Spread paper or a rubber mat on the bench, and disassemble the pump
on it.
d. Support the body section of the casing carefully when carrying or transferring the
pump. Do not lift by the exposed regulator, third pump etc.
e. This manual does not refer to the disassembly and reassembly of a regulator, a gear
pump or any other accessory valving attached to the pump. These items being
considered disposable items in their own right. Please therefore do not disassemble or
reassemble them unless absolutely essential.
21 OF 39 June 2004

3.2. Tools
Before disassembling the pump, prepare the following tools beforehand.
Name of tool Quantity Size (mm)

Vice mounted on bench 1 unit
(soft jaws)
Hexagon wrench Each 1 piece 4, 5, 6, 8 and 14
Socket wrench Each 1 piece 19 and 27
Spanner Each 1 piece 19 and 27
Screwdriver 2 pieces Medium Size

Plastic Headed Hammer 1 piece
Adjustable Angle Wrench 1 piece Medium Size
Pliers 1 piece Type TSR-160
Steel Bar 1 piece Approx. size 10 x 8 x
200
Torque Wrench 1 piece Capable of tightening
specified torques
Loctite #262 1 piece
For tightening torques please refer to Spares Section (6.0)
22 OF 39 June 2004

3.3. Disassembly
3.3.1 Before disassembling, spread rubber sheet, cloth or similar material over the
overhaul workbench top so as to prevent parts from being damaged.
Remove dust, rust and other contaminants from surfaces of the pump with
cleaning oil.
3.3.2 Remove the drain port plug (468) and drain off the hydraulic oil from the
pump casing.
a. Remove all plugs from both the front and rear pumps.
3.3.3 Remove the hexagon socket

headed bolts and remove regulator
from front pump.
a. Similarly, remove the regulator from

rear pump.
3.3.4. Loosen hexagon socket head bolts

(401) which tighten the swash plate
support (251), pump casing (271)
and valve block (312).
a. If a gear pump or is fitted to the rear surface of the pump, then remove it
before working on the pump unit.
b. Repeat this sequence for both the front and rear pumps.
3.3.5. Place pump horizontally on the

workbench with its regulator-
mounting surface face down.
Remove the hexagon socket head
bolts (401) and separate the pump
casing (271) from it’s valve block
(312).
a Before lowering this surface onto

the bench, spread the rubber sheet
on to the work bench so as to
prevent this surface from being damaged.
b. Repeat this sequence for both the rear and front pumps.
23 OF 39 June 2004

3.3.6. Lift the cylinder (141) out of the

pump casing (271) straight over the
drive shaft (111). Additionally
extract the pistons (151), set plate
(153), spherical bush (156) and
cylinder springs (157)
simultaneously.
a. Take care not to damage any of the

sliding surfaces of the cylinder,
spherical bush, shoes, swash plate,
etc.
3.3.7. Remove the hexagon socket head

bolts (406) and remove the seal
cover (Front) (261).
a. By fitting a bolt into the “pulling-out”

tapped hole of the seal cover, will
easily remove it.
b. Take care not to damage the oil

shaft seal installed in the cover.
Similarly for the rear pump, remove the hexagon socket headed bolts on
rear pump, and remove it’s seal cover (Rear) (261) and rear cover (262).
IF a gear pump is fitted, remove this first.
3.3.8. By tapping lightly on the flange

section of the swash plate support
(251) where it interfaces with the
pump casing side, separate the
swash plate support from it’s pump
casing.
a. Remove the drive shaft

simultaneously with it’s swash plate
support.
24 OF 39 June 2004

3.3.9. Remove the shoe plate (211) and

swash plate (212) from the pump
casing (271).
a. Repeat this sequence for both the

rear and front pumps.
3.3.10. Tapping lightly on the external shaft

end of drive shafts (111, 113) with
plastic hammer, extract each drive
shaft from it’s swash plate support.
If required, extract the rolling
bearing (123), bearing spacer (127),
and snap ring (824) from the drive
shaft (111,113).

b. Don't reuse the bearings that you have extracted.
3.3.11. Remove the valve plates (313, 314)

from the valve block (312).
a. These may be removed during

sequence 5.
If required, execute sequence 12

and 13.
3.3.12. Remove the stopper (L)(534), stopper (S)(535), servo piston (532) and tilting
pin (531) from pump casing (271).
a. In removing the tilting pin, use a protection shield to prevent the pin head
from being damaged.
b. Loctite has been applied in production to the fitting areas of the tilting pin
and servo piston, so care must be taken to prevent servo piston damage.
25 OF 39 June 2004

3.3.13. Remove the needle bearing (124)

and spline coupling (114) from the
valve block (312).
a. Don't remove the needle bearing

unless it definitely requires
replacement.
b. Don't loosen the hexagon stroke

adjustment nuts of valve block or
swash plate support. If loosened,
the flow setting will be changed.
This completes the disassembly procedure.
26 OF 39 June 2004

3.4. Assembly Procedure

3.4.1. Fit the servo piston (532), tilting pin (531), stopper (L)(534) and stopper
(S)(535) to the pump casing (271).
a. In tightening the servo piston and tilting pin to the pump casing, use a
protector to prevent the tilting pin head and feedback pin from being
damaged.
b. Apply loctite (medium) to the

threaded section of tilting pin and
servo piston and allow to set.
3.4.2. Fit the swash plate support (251) to

it’s pump casing (271), by tapping
the former lightly with a hammer.

3.4.3. Place pump casing with its

regulator-fitting surface down on the
bench. Fit the tilting bush of the
swash plate to it’s tilting pin (531),
and then fit the swash plate (212) to
it’s swash plate support (251)
correctly. Simultaneously fit the O-
ring.
a. Confirm with ones fingers that the

swash plate is bedded down correctly by ensuring that it could be removed
smoothly.
b. Apply grease to the sliding sections

of the swash plate and swash plate
support, and then smoothly fit the
drive shaft through it.
c. Repeat this sequence for both the

In the case that one has

disassembled the roller bearings
then sequence 4 and 5 should be followed.
27 OF 39 June 2004

3.4.4. Install the bearing spacer (127) on

to the drive shaft (111,113), and
then next install the roller bearing
(123) to this drive shaft.
3.4.5 Install the snap ring (824) onto the

drive shaft (111,113).
3.4.6. Fit the drive shaft assembly

(complete with bearing (123),
bearing spacer (127) and snap ring
(824)) to it’s swash plate support
(251).
a. Do not tap the drive shaft with a

hammer as damage may occur.
b. Assemble the shaft assembly into

it’s support by tapping the outer
race of bearing lightly with plastic
hammer. Fit them fully, using steel bar or so on.
c. Repeat this sequence for both the rear and front pumps.
In the case that an oil seal has

been replaced follow sequence
3.4.7.
3.4.7. Install the new oil seal (774) into the

seal cover (F)(261) and seal cover
(R()(263).
3.4.8. Assemble the front seal cover

(F)(261) into the pump casing (271)
and fix it with the hexagon socket
head bolts (406). Similarly,
assemble the rear seal cover
(R)(261) or rear cover (263) into
pump casing (271) and fix it with
hexagon socket head bolts.
a. Apply grease lightly to the oil seal

within the seal cover.
b. Assemble them carefully, taking full care not to damage the oil seal.
28 OF 39 June 2004

3.4.9. Install the cylinder springs (157), spacer

(158) and spherical bush (156) onto the
cylinder (141). Fit the pistons (151) and
shoe (152) through the set plate (153).

3.4.10 Assemble the piston shoe

(151,152) and set plate (153) group
onto and into the cylinder bores of
the cylinder (141), springs (157),
spherical bush (156) and spacer
(158) group.

29 OF 39 June 2004

3.4.11. Fit the splined phases of the

retainer and cylinder sub-assembly
into the pump casing.

b. If the needle bearing has been

replaced then follow sequence 12.
3.3.12 2 Install the needle bearing (124) and

splined coupling (114) into the
valve block (312).
3.4.13. Fit the valve plate (313) on to the

valve block (312), utilising the
location pin.
a. Take care not to the mistake the

suction and delivery directions of
the valve plate.
30 OF 39 June 2004

3.4.14. Fit the valve block (312) to it’s p

casing (271) , and tighten the
hexagon socket headed bolts (401).
Simultaneously install the O-Ring.

b. It is easiest to assemble the rear

pump first.
c. Take care not to mistake the Valve plate / Valve Block direction of rotation.
NOTE: For clockwise rotation (viewed from input shaft side)

Fit the valve block with the regulator up and with the delivery flange
left, when viewed from shaft end.
NOTE: For counterclockwise rotation (viewed from input shaft side)

Fit the valve block with the regulator up and with the delivery flange
on the right side, when viewed from the shaft end.
3.4.14. Place the feedback pin of tilting pin

into the feedback lever of regulator.
Then fit the regulator and tighten
the hexagon socket head bolts.
a. Take care not to mistake the

regulator of the front pump for that
of the rear pump.
3.4.15. Fit the drain port plug (468).
a. Repeat this sequence for both the rear and front pumps.
This concludes the reassembly procedure.
31 OF 39 June 2004

4. MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
4.1. Part Inspection
Part Name Inspection Item Criterion and Measurement
Cylinder Existence of scratches, discoloration, hair In case of damage in these areas, replace
cracks, erosion, wear or seizure on sliding whole rotating group.
surface or bores.
Piston 1) Existence of scratches, wear, cracks or In case of damage in these areas, replace
seizures on sliding surface. whole rotating group.
2) Indentation, cracks or dents on neck
Shoe 1) Existence of scratches, indentation,

erosion, wear or scuffing on sliding
surface. In case of damage in these areas, replace
2) Wear, scuffing or deformation on shoe whole rotating group.
surface.
3) Indentation or crack around caulked
area.
Swash Plate 1) Scratches, discoloration, scuffing or Replace
Support seizure at shoe plate location surface.
2) Scratches, wear, scuffing or seizure at
pillow bearing sliding surface.
Shoe Plate 1) Scratches, erosion, wear, scuffing or Replace
seizure at sliding surface.
2) Scratches, discoloration, scuffing or
seizure at mounting surface.
Regulator
Any form of malfunction which has been Replace with complete new previously
isolated to the regulator. tested and set up regulator assembly
32 OF 39 June 2004

5. TROUBLE SHOOTING
5.1. General Comments
a. When any abnormal phenomenon is noticed, investigate whether it is a failure of the

main pump itself or a problem in the main control valve, third pump or circuit.
For this purpose, the pilot pressure, pump discharge pressure, load pressure, etc.
should be measured.
Additionally, even when partial disassembly and checking is carried out, follow the
previously mentioned disassembly and assembly procedures.
b. Since dust is very harmful to hydraulic components, pay full attention to dust prevention.
Even for partial disassembly dust prevention measures should be carried out.
c. Handle movable parts carefully. Even for a small damage, correction using an
oilstone should be carried out.
d. Carefully carry out your investigation, paying due attention not to damage
the sealing faces of O-rings. Such damage will cause both internal and
external oil leakage.
e. As a general rule when any abnormalities occur the following categories
should first be inspected so as to evaluate the possible causes:
i) Filter & Drain Oil Inspection
Inspect the filter element. Check to see whether there is an
abnormally large amount of foreign matter. There will be a small
amount of metallic powder due to wear of the shoe and cylinder, but
if there is a large amount of metallic debris in the filter, it may be due
to trouble with the shoe. Additionally check the drain oil in the pump
casing
ii) Abnormal Vibration and Noise
Check to see if there is any abnormal vibration or noise being
emitted by the pump body. Check to see if it is like the regular
frequency noise of the regulator’s working or attendant valve relief
working. If it is an abnormal vibration or sound, it is possible that
there is damage or cavitation inside the pump.
iii) Measure Pressure of each Part
When it is a control problem, do not unnecessarily open ports for
inspection purposes, measure the pressure for each section and find
the abnormal item.
33 OF 39 June 2004

5. TROUBLE SHOOTING
5.2. Basic Pump Trouble Shooting
Phenomenon Possible Cause Remedy

1. Engine Stalls or is 1) Engine Speed is low 1) Recheck engine speed and reset if
overloaded. necessary
2) Regulator Torque Setting is set high
2) Replace regulator
3) Seizure or damage of pumps internal
parts. 3) Replace damaged parts
4) Incorrect regulator hose connection 4) Correct hose connections
2. Pump output flow is

1) Regulator breakdown 1) Replace regulator
extremely low and
decreases rapidly 2) Seizure or damage of pump internal 2) Replace damaged parts
with increasing parts.
3) Replace damaged parts
pressure.
3) Pump Breakdown
4) Inspect attendant valve
4) Attendant Valve Breakdown.
5) Correct hose connections
5) Incorrect regulator hose connection
3. Pump is creating an 1) Cavitation 1) Eliminate cavitation by checking and
abnormal sound or correcting suction line. Replace all
vibration. damaged parts
2) Shoe caulking damage
2) Replace rotating group
3) Crack in Cylinder
3) Replace rotating group
4) Bad installation of pump
4) Correct installation
5) Relief Valve bouncing
5) Repair or replace suspect relief valve
34 OF 39 June 2004

6. SPARE PARTS
6.1. Cross Sectional Drawings
a. Main Pump
TIGHTENING TORQUE
TIGHTENING
NOMINAL DESIGNATION
NO. TORQUE
OF SCREW THREAD
Nm
401 M16 235.4
406 M6 11.8
466 G 1/4 36.3
467 G 1/2 107.9
490 NPTF 1/16 8.8
531,532 M20 x 1.5 235.4
808 M16 127.5
35 OF 39 June 2004

36 OF 39 June 2004

b. Regulator
P2
Pf
Pm
Pi
Pi
Pm
B
735 413 438 647 646 438
723
642
656 801
438
924
648
722 496 724 436 725 730 643 708 644 645 728 801
897 875 874 755 655 734 653 654 836 651 652 601 624 629 630
A 641
412 612 B 858 628
814
614 801
925
615 C
613 898
611 631 627
A B 732 732
733 756
763
622 621 623 625 626 887
TIGHTENING TORQUE
TIGHTENING
NOMINAL DESIGNATION
NO. TORQUE
OF SCREW THREAD
Nm
436, 438 M6 11.8
412, 413 M8 29.4
496 NPTF 1/16 8.8
630 M30 x 1.5 156.9
801 M8 15.7
37 OF 39 June 2004

6.2 Part Listings

No. Part Name Part Number Q'ty Class
111 Shaft(F) P- 2933800982 1 C
113 Shaft(R) P- 2933800884 1 C
114 Coupling P- 2953801763 1 C
123 Bearing; roller P- PNUP308R1CS50 2 C
124 Bearing; needle P- PAJ503518 2 C
127 Spacer; bearing P- 38800127 4 C
141 Cylinder P- 2933800787 2 /
151 Piston P- 38901151 18 /
152 Shoe P- 38900152 18 /
153 Set plate P- 2943800463 2 C
156 Spherical bush P- 29246100030 2 C
157 Spring; cylinder P- 2953801769 18 C
211 Shoe plate P- 6871000211 2 C
212 Swash plate P- 2933800813 2 /
214 Tilting bush P- P1R2025125 2 /
251 S.P. support P- 2923800809 2 C
261 Seal cover(F) P- 2943800572 1 C
263 Seal cover(R) P- 2943800465 1 C
271 Casing P- 2923800807 2 C
312 Valve block P- 2923801021 1 C
313 Valve plate(R) P- 3890R313N 1 /
314 Valve plate(L) P- 3890L314N 1 /
325 Assist casing P- 2933800944 1 C
401 Screw P- 2953801767 8 C
406 Socket screw P- 0SBM820 8 D
407 Socket screw P- 0SBM655 3 D
466 Plug P- 0VP14 3 D
468 Plug P- 0VP34 4 C
490 Plug P- PBP1162403 21 C
531 Pin; tilting P- 2943800517 2 /
532 Servo piston P- 2943800462 2 C
534 Stopper(L) P- 2953801761 2 C
535 Stopper(S) P- 2953801762 2 C
541 Seat P- 29331800414 4 /
543 Stopper 1 P- 29332600311 2 /
544 Stopper 2 P- 29332600312 2 /
545 Ball; steel P- 0DW732 4 /
548 Pin; feed back P- 2953802202 2 /
702 O-ring P- 00RBG35W 2 D
710 O-ring P- 00RBG95 2 D
38 OF 39 June 2004

717 O-ring P- 00RBG145 4 D

724 O-ring P- 00RBP8 16 D
732 O-ring P- 00RBP18W 2 D
774 Oil seal P- P15Z456812F 1 C
789 Back up ring P- 0T2BP18 2 D
792 Back up ring P- 0T2BG35 2 D
806 Nut P- 0RNM16 2 D
808 Nut P- 0RNM20 2 D
824 Snap ring P- 0SR40 2 D
885 Pin P- PJR812 2 C
886 Pin; spring P- 0SPV614 4 D
901 Bolt; eye P- 0EBM10 2 C
953 Set screw P- PSSSM1630 2 C
954 Screw P- 2953801768 1 C
955 Screw P- 2953801866 1 C
981 Name plate P- PNPA2550B 1 /
983 Pin P- 0SK2548 1 /
011 Ass'y piston P- 3853802464 2 B 151 (9pc), 152 (9pc)

013 Ass'y Cylinder -Valve plate(R) P- 2953801893 1 B 141 (1pc), 313 (1pc)
014 Ass'y Cylinder -Valve plate(L) P- 2953801894 1 B 141 (1pc), 314 (1pc)
030 Ass'y swash plate P- 2953801990 2 B 212 (1pc), 214 (1pc)
041 Ass'y check valve P- 2953802048 2 B 541,543,545 (all 1pc)
042 Ass'y check valve P- 2953802049 2 B 541,544,545 (all 1pc)
530 Ass’y tilting pin P- 2953801989 2 B 531 (1pc), 548 (1pc)
Ass'y seal kit for pump P- 2953802903 1 A
Ass'y regulator P- 293G2NF9 2 B
Ass'y seal kit for regulator P- 2953802084 2 A
Class Meaning
Code
B Parts supplied
sub-assembled
C Parts individually
supplied
/ Parts not supplied
D Standardised
parts commonly
available
39 OF 39 June 2004

K3V112DT Instruction Manual: Kawasaki Precision Machinery of America 5080 36 Street S.E. Grand Rapids, MI 49512

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What are the main components of the pump?

What are the main components of the pump?

How does the regulator control the pump?

How does the regulator control the pump?

K3V112DT

KAWASAKI PRECISION MACHINERY OF AMERICA

Date: July 2004

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2. CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS

3. DISASSEMBLY and ASSEMBLY

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1.2. Porting Identification

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1.3. General Specifications

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1.3. General Specifications (cont.)

1.3.2. Pump Control Settings (Pump Speed 2,100 min-1)

Variable Power Shift Range :- 70 ~ 44 kW

1.3.3. Control Adjustment Rates

Adj. Change for ¼ clockwise turn

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1.4 Regulator Characteristics

Negative Displacement Control

Total Horsepower Control

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1.5. Cross Sectional Drawing

1.6. Hydraulic Schematic

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2.0 CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS

Rotating Group - which provides the main rotary pumping action

2.1.1 Rotating Group

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2. CONSTRUCTION and FUNCTIONS (cont.)

2.1. Construction (cont.)

2.1.2. Swash Plate Group

2.1.3. Valve Cover Group

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2.2. Regulator Functions

The control options covered are:

a) Total Power Control (Torque Summation)

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2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

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2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control

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2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control (cont.)

Main Spool & Sleeve Metering

The following sequence will assist in understanding the operation.

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2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control (cont.)

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2.2. Regulator Functions (cont.)

2.2.2. Torque Summation Control (cont.)

Main Spool & Sleeve Metering

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