chemistry For Engineers: Loss of Heat

\CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS • Calculate the weight % of MgCl2 and
THERMODYNAMICS I NaBr in the concentrate.

• Loss of heat • No loss of
MIDTERM EXAM heat
• Gain of heat • No gain of
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct heat
answer by marking the circle
corresponding to the letter of your • Calculate the composition of the
choice on the sheet provided. Solutions cake if all water is evaporated.
(if applicable) are required, box your • constant • adiabatic
final answer. Strictly no erasures. Use volume process
pencil no.2 or black ball pen only. process
WARNING: SHADED ANSWERS • constant • isothermal
WITHOUT CORRESPONDING pressure process
SOLUTION WILL INCUR DEDUCTIVE process
POINTS.
A hot solution of Ba(NO3)2 from an
evaporator contains 30.6 kg of
Ba(NO3)2 per 100 kg of water and
goes to a crystallizer where the
solution is cooled and Ba(NO3)2
crystallizes. On cooling 10% of the
original water present evaporates.
For a feed solution of 100 kg,
calculate the following: (30)
• The yield of crystals if the solution is
cooled to 290 K, if the solubility is 8.6 kg
Ba(NO3)2/100 kg total water at 290 K
• isothermal • isentropic
• adiabatic • NOTA
• The yield if cooled to 283 K, if the

solubility is 7.0 kg Ba(NO3)2/100 kg total
water at 283 K
• zero • +ve
• dependent on • -ve
the path
LINKED PROBLEMS 5 - 6 (55)

The solubility of NaNO3 in water is 1.76
kg/kg water at 373 K and 0.88 kg/kg
A crude salt when dissolved in water yields
water at 293 K. A 25% (weight) solution
brine whose composition is 15% by weight of
NaCl, 1% NaBr and 3% MgCl2. Some water is
of NaNO3 in water is concentrated to
evaporated and 40% of salt (NaCl) crystallises in saturation by evaporation at 373 K. It is
pure form. On evaporation, brine looses 70% then cooled to 293 K. The crystals
water. For 100 kg of original brine, (26) formed are separated. It is found that
each kilogram of crystals so removed • 0.92 kJ • 4.06 kJ
carries with it 0.1 kg of solution. When • 3.25 kJ • 1.83 kJ
the crystals are dried, NaNO3 in the
adhering solution gets deposited on the • What is the weight of crystals
crystals. For 1000 kg of the original obtained if 5% of the original water
dilute solution, calculate the following: evaporates on cooling?
• – 0.92 kJ • 1.094 kJ
• The amount of water evaporated for • 3.26 kJ • – 3.26 kJ
attaining saturation at 373 K
• decrease in • decrease in
LINKED 11 - 13
velocity. temperature.
Ten kilograms each of two salts A
• decrease in • energy spent
kinetic in doing and B are dissolved in 50 kg of water.
energy. work. The solubility of A in water is 1 kg/kg
of water and that of B is 0.5 kg/kg of
• The weight of dry crystals obtained water. The solution is heated to
• • evaporate water. When the
• • concentration of the solution reaches
the saturation concentration of any
LINKED PROBLEMS 7 - 8 salt, further evaporation results in the
A saturated solution containing 1500 crystallization of that salt. If 70% of
kg of potassium chloride at 360 K is the water that is originally present in
cooled in an open tank to 290 K. If the the solution is driven off by
specific gravity of the solution is 1.2, evaporation, determine the following:
the solubility of KCl per 100 parts of (50)
water is 53.55 at 360 K and 34.5 at 290 • The weight of the final solution
K, calculate • 3.19 kJ • 5.52 kJ
• The capacity of the tank required • – 3.19 kJ • - 5.52 kJ
• 1 bar • 53 bar
• 226 bar • NOTA • The weight of crystals formed
• 0.9901 • 0.8305
• The weight of crystals obtained neglecting • 0.9270 • 0.8623
the loss of water by evaporation
• 4.7 kJ • 4.16 kJ • The composition of the solution
• 3.69 kJ • 4.05 kJ • 2555.35 • 1985.72
cm3/mol cm3/mol
LINKED 9 - 10 • 2320.09 • 1994.10
A batch of 1000 kg of KCl is cm3/mol cm3/mol
dissolved in sufficient water to make
a saturated solution at 363 K • Soybean seeds are extracted with
(solubility is 35 wt% KCl in water). hexane in batch extractors. The
The solution is cooled to 293 K, at flaked seeds contain 20% oil,
which its solubility is 25.4 wt%. 68% solids and 12% moisture. At
• What is the weight of water required for the end of the extraction process,
solution and the weight of crystals of KCl the cake is separated from the
obtained? hexane-oil mixture. The cake
analysis yields 0.8% oil, 88%
solids, and 11.2% moisture. Find • Number of gram equivalent of
the percentage recovery of oil. solute dissolved in one litre of
(63) solution is called its
• 0.9868 • 0.04331 • molality • molarity
• 0.7654 • 0.02560 • formality • normality
• Oil is extracted from seeds by • Refluxing of part of the distillate in a

leaching with organic solvents. fractionating column is a 'recycling
Soybean seeds containing 20% oil, operation', aimed primarily at
65% inert solids and 15% water are • heat • product
leached with hexane and after conservatio enrichment.
extraction the solid residue is n.
removed from the solution of oil in • yield • NOTA
hexane. The residue analyzed 1.0% enhanceme
oil, 88% inert cake and 11% water. nt.
What percent of oil in the seeds is
recovered?(62)
• 539.40 • 446.23
3
cm /mol cm3/mol
• 134.0 • 78.0
3
cm /mol cm3/mol
• The evaporation of aqueous

solution of sugar causes its molarity
to
• increase • decrease
• remains • A or B
unchanged
• The rate of material __________ is

zero in case of a steady state
system.
• input • accumulatio
n
• production • generation
• Volume percent for gases is equal

to the
• weight • mole
percent. percent
• weight • mole
percent only percent
for ideal only for
gases ideal gases

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\CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS • Calculate the weight % of MgCl2 and

THERMODYNAMICS I NaBr in the concentrate.

• The yield if cooled to 283 K, if the

LINKED PROBLEMS 5 - 6 (55)

• Oil is extracted from seeds by • Refluxing of part of the distillate in a

• The evaporation of aqueous

• The rate of material __________ is

• Volume percent for gases is equal

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