EVOLUTION OF 5G

MOBILE
COMMUNICATION Sessional 2

STANDARD
TECHNOLOGY AND ITS
IMPLEMENTATION.
Ibtsam Ahmad SP18-BCS-018
Contents
5g technology:............................................................................................................................................... 2
Working of 5g technology: ............................................................................................................................ 2
Need of 5g technology: ................................................................................................................................. 3
Difference between 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G: ................................................................................................ 4
1G: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
2G: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
3G: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
4G: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
5G: ............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Applications of 5G: ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Limitations of 5G: .......................................................................................................................................... 4
Future of 5G: ................................................................................................................................................. 5
Conclusion: .................................................................................................................................................... 5
References .................................................................................................................................................... 6

Figures
Figure 1: A Verizon 5g tower in Chicago ....................................................................................................... 3
5g technology:
The vision of next generation 5G wireless communications lies in providing very high data rates
(typically of Gbps order), extremely low latency, manifold increase in base station capacity, and
significant improvement in users' perceived quality of service (QoS), compared to current 4G
LTE networks. [1]
5g technology is the 5th generation of the cellular network. 5g network makes it virtually possible
to connect all the devices with other like machines, objects, and devices. This makes the IOT
(internet of things) a widespread reality in the coming years. 5g provides multi gigabytes of
download speeds and low latency that makes instantaneous communication between IOT devices
a reality. 5 uses millimeter wave that has a high wavelength and low range, although work is
being done on increasing the range of the 5g networks.

Working of 5g technology:
5G networks make use of this flat IP concept to make it easier for different RAN to upgrade in to
a single Nanocore network. Our 5G network uses Nanotechnology as defensive tool for security
concern that arises due to flat IP.[2]
The high frequency of these 5g signals is worth noting. This means that 5G technology will be
capable of an incredible data bandwidth. In this way, many people will be able to simultaneously
send and receive nearly large amounts of data.
5G has three basic variations: low, mid, and high band. High band 5G (about 28 GHz) waves
have super high frequency and short range and its able to span a few blocks of the area where the
tower is installed [source: Verizon (American telecommunication company)]. Smaller
frequencies also don't penetrate through obstacles, so if you have a wall between you and the
source, it will heavily disrupt the signals.
Figure 1: A Verizon 5g tower in Chicago

Need of 5g technology:
Main difference, between current generations and 5G techniques must be something else than
highly increased maximum throughput; The need for the 5G include the following:
• Better coverage and high data rates available at cell edge.
•Lower battery consumption.
•Multiple concurrent data transfer paths.
•Around 1Gbps data rate in mobility.
•More secure; better cognitive radio/SDR Security.
•IOT enabled devices.
•Worldwide wireless web (WWWW).
•More applications combined with artificial intelligent (AI) as AI is the future of humanity
•Cheaper traffic fees due to low infra structure deployment costs.[3]
Difference between 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G:
1G:
It was the first generation of wireless communication. 1G used analog radio signals. As it used analog
signals, it had poorer call quality but better range than digital signals.

2G:
2G could transfer data such as email and software’s other than just voice calls.

3G:
3G or the 3rd generation started providing high data transfer speeds as opposed to previous
technologies. 3G enabled us to have GPS, LBS (location-based services), MTV (Mobile Television) and
Conference calling.[4]

4G:
4G introduced HSPA (high speed packet access) which enabled the users to access all kinds of online
services that are available today.[4]

5G:
5G will provide internet speeds up to 1gbps and connectivity of IOT devices in a seamless way as it has
very low latency.[4]

Applications of 5G:
5G offers very high-speed data transfers that are up to 1 Gbps. It provides virtual navigation that
gives the user the power to use a database in street view. It will have support for industrial
robots, drones and other devices that will work on the 5G network and provide the great
advantage of the low latency. It will make true smart homes a reality. Self-driving cars are one of
the biggest projects under 5g’s domain. It will also revolutionize the medical industry.[4]

• Network availability will not be a problem anymore and it will help the people in using
their devices anywhere anytime.
• Due to IPv6 technology, visiting care of mobile IP address will be assigned as per the
connected network and geographical position.

Limitations of 5G:
Some threats may be expected while using the 5G network. Network operators share a common
core network so a single operator would be able to collapse and damage the whole infrastructure.
In this way, third parties can also steal user data very easily. Spoofing attacks will also be
common.[4]
Moreover, 5G is expensive and it will take some time to be developed in 3rd world and
developing countries. Moreover, the range of the 5G is the biggest problem of all now a days.

Future of 5G:
The future of 5G is as strong and as important as any thing else in the world. The 5G will
revolutionize the world in such a way that everything will be dependent on the 5G technology. In
the coming years, 5G will be widespread all over the world.
The fifth generation (5G) wireless systems promise to improve the existing technology according
to the future demands and provide a road map for reliable and resource-efficient solutions.
Device-to-device (D2D) communication has been envisioned as an allied technology of 5G
wireless systems for providing services that include live data and video sharing. A D2D
communication technique opens new horizons of device-centric communications, i.e., exploiting
direct D2D links instead of relying solely on cellular links.[5]

Conclusion:
The vast effects of the 5G compel me to say that 5G is the future of humanity. The 5G
technology will revolutionize the world in a way we have only seen in movies. Self-driving cars,
Smart homes are one of the biggest prospects of 5g technology. The communication without any
disruptions will be a whole new world as well as a better place to live. The important of 5g can
be seen from the technological war between the countries to develop the 5G technology for
worldwide use. Low band and mid band 5G are being used by many developed countries and
tests are going on for the millimeter wave as well.
Still there are many challenges left for the humanity to solve related to the 5G technology. The
widespread use of 5G is expected somewhat in 2025.
References
[1] M. Agiwal, A. Roy, N. J. I. C. S. Saxena, and Tutorials, "Next generation 5G wireless networks: A
comprehensive survey," vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 1617-1655, 2016.
[2] S. Patil, V. Patil, P. J. I. J. o. E. Bhat, and I. Technology, "A review on 5G technology," vol. 1, no. 1,
pp. 26-30, 2012.
[3] A. K. Pachauri, O. J. I. J. o. C. S. Singh, and M. Research, "5G Technology–Redefining wireless
Communication in upcoming years," vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 12-19, 2016.
[4] E. Ezhilarasan and M. Dinakaran, "A Review on mobile technologies: 3G, 4G and 5G," in 2017
second international conference on recent trends and challenges in computational models
(ICRTCCM), 2017, pp. 369-373: IEEE.
[5] R. I. Ansari et al., "5G D2D networks: Techniques, challenges, and future prospects," vol. 12, no.
4, pp. 3970-3984, 2017.