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    Machine Design Assignment

    Uploaded by

    Sharthak Ghosh
    1) The document provides solutions to assignment problems involving design of machine elements including calculation of shaft dimensions, fatigue life, thickness of pressure vessel plates, and factors of safety. 2) For one problem, the factor of safety was calculated using Gerber theory (5.41), Soderberg line (3.75), and Goodman line (4.39) for a component with fluctuating stress ranging from 40-100 N/mm^2 and an endurance limit of 270 N/mm^2. 3) The factor of safety against static failure was also calculated (4.5).

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Machine Design Assignment

    Uploaded by

    Sharthak Ghosh
    342 views8 pages
    1) The document provides solutions to assignment problems involving design of machine elements including calculation of shaft dimensions, fatigue life, thickness of pressure vessel plates, and factors of safety. 2) For one problem, the factor of safety was calculated using Gerber theory (5.41), Soderberg line (3.75), and Goodman line (4.39) for a component with fluctuating stress ranging from 40-100 N/mm^2 and an endurance limit of 270 N/mm^2. 3) The factor of safety against static failure was also calculated (4.5).

    Original Title

    MACHINE DESIGN ASSIGNMENT

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    1) The document provides solutions to assignment problems involving design of machine elements including calculation of shaft dimensions, fatigue life, thickness of pressure vessel plates, and factors of safety. 2) For one problem, the factor of safety was calculated using Gerber theory (5.41), Soderberg line (3.75), and Goodman line (4.39) for a component with fluctuating stress ranging from 40-100 N/mm^2 and an endurance limit of 270 N/mm^2. 3) The factor of safety against static failure was also calculated (4.5).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    342 views8 pages

    Machine Design Assignment

    Uploaded by

    Sharthak Ghosh
    1) The document provides solutions to assignment problems involving design of machine elements including calculation of shaft dimensions, fatigue life, thickness of pressure vessel plates, and factors of safety. 2) For one problem, the factor of safety was calculated using Gerber theory (5.41), Soderberg line (3.75), and Goodman line (4.39) for a component with fluctuating stress ranging from 40-100 N/mm^2 and an endurance limit of 270 N/mm^2. 3) The factor of safety against static failure was also calculated (4.5).

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    DESIGN OF MACHINE

    ELEMENTS
    ASSIGNMENT 2

    Sharthak Ghosh
    Class roll- 17/ME/09
    MAKAUT Roll NO- 14800717029
    Regn. No- 171480110332
    5.2 A non-rotating shaft is supporting a load of 2.5 kN is shown. The
    shaft is made of brittle material, with an ultimate tensile strength of
    300 N/mm2. The factor of safety is 3. Determine the dimensions of
    the shaft.

    SOLUTION:
    Given P= 2.5 kN Sut = 300 N/mm2 (fs) = 3
    Step I Calculation of Permissible stresses
    S ut 300
    max = ( fs ) = 3 = 100 N/mm2

    Step II Bending stress at fillet section


    Due to symmetry, the reaction at each bearing is 1250 N. The
    stresses are critical at two sections-(i) at the centre of span, and (ii) at
    the fillet. At the fillet section.
    32 M b 32(1250× 350)
    o = πd 3 = π d3
    N/mm2
    D
    d
    = 1.1 and dr =0.1

    From Fig. 5.5, Kt = 1.61


    32(1250 ×350) 7174704.8
     max = Kto = 1.61 [ π d3 ]=( d3 ) N/mm 2
    _____(i)

    Step III Bending stress at centre of the span


    32 M b 32(1250× 350)
    o = πd 3 = π d3
    N/mm2

    =( 4783018.6
    d 3 ) N/mm 2
    ______(ii)

    Step IV Diameter of shaft


    From (i) and (ii), it is seen that the stress is maximum at the fillet
    section. Equating it with the permissible stress.
    7174704.8
    ( d3 ) = 100
    Or d = 41.55 mm
    5.7 A forged steel bar, 50 mm in diameter, is subjected to a
    reversed bending stress of 250 N/mm2. The bar is made of steel
    40C8 (Sut = 600 N/mm2). Calculate the life of the bar for a reliability
    of 90%.

    SOLUTION:
    Given Sf = b= 250 N/mm2
    Sut = 600 N/mm2 R = 90%
    Step I Construction of S-N diagram
    Se’ = 0.5Sut = 0.5(600) = 300 N/mm2
    Ka = 0.44

    For 50 mm diameter, Kb = 0.44


    For 90% reliability, Kc = 0.897
    Se = Kc Kb Kc Se’ =0.04(0.85)(0.897)(300)=100.64 N/mm2
    0.9 Sut= 0.9(600) =540 N/mm2
    log 10 0.9 S ut=log 10 ¿540)=2.7324

    log 10 ( S e )=log 10 ¿100.64)=2.0028

    log 10 (S f )=log 10 ¿250)=2.3979

    Also, log ¿103)=3 and log ¿106)=6


    10 10

    Step II Fatigue life of bar


    EF × AE (6−3)(2.7324−2.3979)
    EF = AD = ( 2.7324−2.0028) =1.3754
     log 10 N =3+ EF = 3 + 1.3754
    log 10 N = 4.3754
    N= 23736.2 cycles

    5.14 A spherical pressure vessel with a 500 mm inner diameter, is


    welded from steel plates. The welded joints are sufficiently strong
    and do not weaken the vessel. The plates are made from cold
    drawn steel 20C8 (Sut = 440 N/mm2 and Syt = 242 N/mm2). The vessel
    is subjected to internal pressure, which varies from zero to 6
    N/mm2. The expected reliability is 50% and the factor of safety is
    3.5. the size factor is 0.85. The vessel is expected to withstand
    infinite number of stress cycles. Calculate the thickness of the
    plates.

    SOLUTION:
    Given For vessel Di = 500 mm
    p i = zero to 6 N/mm2 Sut = 440 N/mm2 Syt = 242 N/mm2 R =
    50% (fs)=3.5
    Kb = 0.85
    Step I Endurance limit stress of vessel
    Se’ = 0.5Sut = 0.5(440) = 220 N/mm2
    Sut = 440 N/mm2
    Ka = 0.82
    Kb = 0.85
    For 50% reliability, Kc = 1.0
    Se = Kc Kb Kc Se’ =0.82(0.85)(1.0)(220)=153.34 N/mm2
    Step II Construction of modified Goodman Diagram
    For a spherical pressure vessel,
    p i Di
    t = 4t
    p max Di 6(500) 750
    max = 4t = 4t =( t ) N/mm 2

    min = 0
    1 1 750 375
    a = m = 2 max = ( ) ( ) N/mm
    2 t
    =
    t
    2

    ❑a
    tanθ =❑ =1 m
    or θ=45 °

    Step III Permissible stress amplitude


    The coordinates of the point X are determined by solving the
    following two equations simultaneously.
    (i) Equation of Line AB
    Sa Sm
    153.34
    + 440
    =1 ____(a)

    Sa
    (ii) Sm = tanθ = 1 ____(b)

    Solving these two equations,


    Sa = Sm = 113.71 N/mm2

    Step IV Thickness of the plate


    Sa
    Since a = (fs)  ( 375t )= 113.71
    3.5

    t = 11.54 mm
    5.17 A machine component is subjected to fluctuating stress that
    varies from 40 to 100 N/mm2. The corrected endurance limit stress
    for the machine component is 270 N/mm2. The ultimate tensile
    strength and yield strength of the material are 600 and 450 N/mm 2
    respectively. Find the factor of safety using
    (i) Gerber theory
    (ii) Soderberg line
    (iii) Goodman line
    Also, find the factor of safety against the static failure.

    SOLUTION:
    Given Sut = 600 N/mm2 Syt = 450 N/mm2 Se = 270 N/mm2 max =
    100 N/mm2 min = 40 N/mm2
    Step I Permissible mean and amplitude stresses
    1
    a = 2
    ( 100−40 )=30 N/mm2
    1
    m = 2
    ( 100+40 )=70 N/mm2
    Sa = na = 30 n
    Sm = nm = 70 n
    where n is the factor of safety.
    Step II Factor of safety using Gerber theory
    2
    Sa Sm
    Se + ( )
    S ut =1
    2
    30 n 70 n
    ( )
    270 + ( )600 =1
    n2 + 8.16 n – 73.47 = 0
    solving the above quadratic equation,
    n=5.41
    ____(i)
    Step III Factor of safety using Soderberg line
    The equation of the Soderberg line is as follows,
    Sa Sm
    Se + S yt =1

    ( 30270n ) + ( 30450n ) =1

    n=3.75
    ____(ii)
    Step IV Factor of safety using Goodman line
    The equation of the Goodman line is as follows,
    Sa Sm
    Se + S ut =1

    ( 30270n ) + ( 70600n ) =1

    n=4.39
    ____(iii)
    Step V Factor of safety against static failure
    The factor of safety against static failure is given by,
    S yt 450
    n= ❑max = 100 =4.5
    _____(iv)

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