Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 1

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Functions Defined as Set of Ordered Pairs

Target: Learner represents real-life situations using functions, including piecewise functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 3-4
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 2-3

A relation is a rule that relates values from a set of values (called the domain) to a second set of values (called
the range). The elements of the domain can be imagined as input to a machine that applies a rule to these inputs to
generate one or more outputs. A relation is also a set of ordered pairs (x,y).

A function is a relation where each element in the domain is related to only one value in the range by some rule.
The elements of the domain can be imagined as input to a machine that applies a rule so that each input corresponds to
only one output. A function is a set of ordered pairs (x, y) such that no two ordered pairs have the same x-value but
different y-values.

Example 1: Testing for function as an ordered pair

Let X= (M ,A,T,H) Y = (1,2,3,4,5).
Determine which of the following set of ordered pair represents a function from set X to set Y.
a. { (M,1), (A,2), ( T,3), (H, 5)} b. { (M,3), (T, 4), (H, 5)}
c. d.
M 1 M 1
A 2 A 2
T 3 T 3
H 4 H 4
5 5

Solutions:
a. This set of ordered pairs represents a FUNCTION from set X to set Y because each element in set X is paired
with exactly one element in set Y.
b. This set of ordered pairs DOES NOT represent a function from set X to set Y because not all elements of set X
are paired with an element of set Y.
c. This mapping represents a FUNCTION from set X to set Y because each element of set X is paired with an
element of set Y. It does not matter if it is the same element of set Y.
d. This mapping DOES NOT represents a function because the element T in set X is paired with three elements
2,3, and 4 of set Y.

Practice Exercises:

A. Determine if the following set of ordered B. Determine if the following mapping represents a
pairs illustrates a function. function from Set A to Set B.
Let A = {l,o,v,e)} B = {(p,r,a,y)}
1. {(2,3), (1,5), (3,1), (-1,0)}
2. {(2,5), (1,5), (3,5), (-1,5) 1. 2.
3. {(3,3), (3,5), (3,1), (3,0)}
4. {(-1, -2), (-2, -3), (-3, -4), (-4, -5)}
l p l
5. {(7,2), (-6, -1), (4,4), (-7,4)} p
o r o r
v a v a
e y e y
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 2
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Functions Defined by Equations

Target: Learner represents real-life situations using functions, including piecewise functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce page 5
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 4-5

Functions are not only represented by ordered pairs. Most often these are represented by equations in two
variables. For example, the equation y = x 2 represents the variable y as the function of the variable x where x is the
independent variable and y is the dependent variable.

The domain of the function is the set of all values taken on by the independent variable x and the range of the
function is the set of all values taken on by the dependent variable y.

Examples: Determine whether the equations represent y as a function of x

1. x + y = 3
2. y2 – x = 1
3. y3 – x = 4
Solutions:
In each case, solve for y in terms of x.

1. x + y =3
y=3–x

If x is replaced by a value, a unique value of y is obtained.

Therefore , y is a FUNCTION of x.

2. y2 – x = 1
y2 = 1 + x
y = ±√ 1+ x
The (±) signs indicate that to a given value of x, there correspond
two values of y. Therefore, y is NOT a function of x.

3. y3 – x = 4 (equation 1)
y3 = 4 + x
3
y=√ 4+x ( equation 2)
Since 4 + x is a real number for each real number x and since each real number
has exactly one cube root, equation 2 assigns exactly to one value of the dependent variable,
3
y=√ 4 + x , to each value of the independent variable x. Thus, the equation defines a FUNCTION.

Practice Exercises:
Determine whether the given equation defines a function.

1. y – x2 = 1

2. y2 – x = 1

3. x3 – y = 2

4. x2 + y2 = 4
5. y3 – 3x2 = 8

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 3
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Functions Defined by Graphs

Target: Learner represents real-life situations using functions, including piecewise functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 5-6
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 5-6

Graphs of functions should pass the vertical line test- a test which determines whether a graph is a function or
not. A vertical line is drawn passing through the graph and it must intersect the graph at one and only one point for it to
be considered a function; otherwise it is just a graph of a relation.

Examples: Which of the following graphs can be graphs of functions?

a. b. c.

d. e.

Solution:
Graphs a.), b.), c.) are graphs of functions while d.) and e.) are not because they do not pass the
vertical line test.
Practice Exercises: Determine whether the graph is a function or not.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 4
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Functions as Representations of Real-life Situations

Target: Learner represents real-life situations using functions, including piecewise functions
References: General Mathematics Learner’s Material page 4

Functions can often be used to model real situations. Identifying an appropriate functional model
will lead to a better understanding of various phenomena.
Example 1. Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying x meals, if one meal costs P40.
Solution. Since each meal costs P40, then the cost function is C(x) = 40x.
Example 2. One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose a rectangular area next to a river (see
figure). Give a function A that can represent the area that can be enclosed, in terms of x.

RIVER

x
Solution. The area of the rectangular enclosure is A = xy. We will write this as a function of x. Since only
100 m of fencing is available, then x + 2y = 100 or y = (100 – x)/2 = 50 – 0.5x.
2
Thus, A(x) = x(50 – 0.5x) = 50x – 0.5x .

Example 3. Squares of side x are cut from each corner of an 8 in x 5 in rectangle (see figure), so that its
sides can be folded to make a box with no top. Define a function in terms of x that can represent the
volume of this box.

8 inches
x

5 inches

Solution. The length and width of the box are 8 – 2x and 5 – 2x, respectively.
Its h e i g h t is x. Thus, the volume of the box can be represented by the function
2 3
V(x) = (8 – 2x)(5 – 2x)x = 40x – 26x + 4x .

Practice Exercises:
Solve each problem.
1. The perimeter of a rectangle is 28 cm. Express the area of the rectangle in terms of the width x.
2.A person is earning P600 per day to do a certain job. Express the total salary S as a function of the number n of days
that the person works.
3 A canned drink will be made using 40 in 2 of aluminum. Let r be the radius of the can and let h be the height. Define a
function in terms of r that can represent the volume of the can.
4. A computer shop charges 20 pesos per hour (or a fraction of an hour) for the first two hours and an additional 10
pesos per hour for each succeeding hour. Represent your computer rental fee using the function R(t) where t is the
number of hours you spent on the computer.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 5

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Piecewise Functions

Target: Learner represents real-life situations using functions, including piecewise functions
References: General Mathematics Learner’s Material pages 6-6

Some situations can only be described by more than one formula, depending on the value of the
independent variable.

Example 1.

A user is charged P300 monthly for a particular mobile plan, which includes 100 free text messages.
Messages in excess of 100 are charged P1 each. Represent the monthly cost for text messaging using the
function t(m), where m is the number of messages sent in a month.
Solution. The cost of text messaging can be expressed by the piecewise function:

Example 2.
A jeepney ride costs P8.00 for the first 4 kilometers, and each additional integer kilometer adds
P1.50 to the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the jeepney fare in terms of the
distance (d) in kilometers.

Solution. The input value is distance and the output is the cost of the jeepney fare. If F(d) represents
the fare as a function of distance, the function can be represented as follows:

Practice Exercises:
Solve each problem.

1. A certain chocolate bar costs P35.00 per piece. However, if you buy more than 10 pieces, they will be marked down to
a price of P32.00 per piece. Use a piecewise function to represent the cost in terms of the number of chocolate bars
bought.

2. A school’s fair committee wants to sell t-shirts for their school fair. They found a supplier that sells t-shirts at a price of
P175.00 a piece but can charge P15,000 for a bulk order of 100 shirts and P125.00 for each excess t-shirt after that. Use
a piecewise function to represent the cost in terms of the number of t-shirts purchased.

3. The fee to park in the parking lot of a shopping mall costs P40.00 for the first two hours and an extra P10.00 for each
hour (or a fraction of it) after that. If you park for more than twelve hours, you instead pay a flat rate of P200.00.
Represent your parking fee using the function p(t) where t is the number of hours you parked in the mall.

4. A taxi ride costs P40.00 for the first 500 meters, and each additional 300 meters (or a fraction thereof) adds P3.50 to
the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the taxi fare in terms of the distance d in meters.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 6
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Evaluating Functions

Target: Learner evaluates a function
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 24-27
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 20-23

Evaluating a function means replacing the variable in the function, in this case x, with a value from the function's
domain and computing for the result. To denote that we are evaluating f at a for some a in the domain of f, we write
f(a).

EXAMPLES:
1. Evaluate the following functions at x = 1.5: 2. Evaluate the given piecewise function;
(a) f(x) = 2x + 1
(b) q(x) = x2 −2x + 2 If f(x) = x2 – x + 4 if x< 2
(c) g(x) = √ x+1 X–2 if x≥ 2
2 x +1
(d) r(x) =
x−1 a. f(0)
Solution b. f(2)
Substituting 1.5 for x in the functions above, we have c. f(5)

(a) f (1.5) = 2(1.5) + 1 Solution

=3+1 First look at the conditions at the right to determine the
=4 value of x.
a. To find f(0), let x = 0 and because 0 is less than 2 then
(b) q (1.5) = (1.5)2 −2(1.5) + 2 use the 1st equation or the given piecewise function.
= 2.25 −3 + 2 f(x) = x2 – x + 4 if x < 2 and 0 < 2
= 1.25 f(0) = 02 – 0 + 4, hence
f(0) = 4
(c) g(1.5) = √ 1.5+1
= √ 2.5 b. To find f(2), let x = 2 then use the 2nd equation
f(x) = x-2 because this is the function equation for x≥ 2
2 x +1 f(x) = x -2 if x≥ 2
(d) r(1.5) = f(2) = 2 -2, hence
x−1
f(2) = 0
2 ( 1.5 ) +1
= c. To find f( 5) let x = 5 and because 5 is greater than 2
1.5−1 then use the 2nd equation of the given piecewise function.
f(x) = x - 2 if x ≥ 2
3+1 f(5) = 5- 2 hence,
=
0.5 f(5) = 3

4
=
0.5

=8

Practice Exercises:
A. Evaluate each function at the indicated values of the B. Evaluate the piecewise-defined function at the
independent variable and simplify the result. indicated values.

1. g(x) = x2 – 4x g(2) 1. g(x) = x2 + 1 if x< 0

 3 x 2 +4 x +1 if x≥ 0
2. f(x) = f(-3)
x
1 2. g(x) = x2 + 2x if x ≤ -1
3. h(x) = 2x + 1 h( ) x if -1< x ≤ 1
2
4. f(x) = 2│x-1│ f(0) -1 if x > 1

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 7
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Addition of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 34
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 25 –27

Operation of functions are similar to operations on real numbers. The domain of the resulting function is the set
of real number x common to the domain of f and g.
Let f and g be any two functions, their sum is defined as
(f + g) (x) = f(x) + g(x)
Examples:
1. Given: f(x) = x + 5; g(x) = x – 1; find (f + g) (x)
Solution:
(f + g) (x) = f(x) + g(x) Definition of sum of functions
= (x +5) + (x -1) Add f(x) and g(x)
= x + 5 +x-1
(f + g) (x) = 2x +4 Combine like terms

2. Given: g(x) = x2 -1; h(x) = x+ 1; find (g + h) (2)

Solution:
(g + h) (x) = g(x) + h(x) Definition of sum of functions
= x2 -1 + x+ 1 Add g(x) and h(x)
2
=x +x Combine like terms
= (2)2 + 2 Substitute x with 2
=4+2
(g + h) (x) = 6

2 x +1 3x
3. Given: f(x) = and h(x) = ; find (f + h) (x)
x−2 x−2
Solution:
(f + h) (x) = f(x) + h(x)
2 x +1 3 x
= +
x−2 x−2
2 x +1+3 x
=
x−2
5 x +1
(f + h) (x) =
x−2

Practice Exercises:
Use the given functions of f and g to find (f+ g) (x)

1. f(x) = 3x – 1 , g(x) = 2x + 3

2. f(x) = x – 5 , g(x) = 4x – 7

3. f(x) = 2x + 11 , g(x) = x2 – 11
 x−5 4x
4. f(x) = , g(x) =
3 x +7 3 x +7

1 1
5. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+ 9 x−9

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 8

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Subtraction of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 34
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 25 –27

Let f and g be any two functions, their difference is defined as

(f - g) (x) = f(x) - g(x)
the domain of f- g consists of the numbers x that are in the domain of f and in the domain of g.
Examples:
1. Given: f(x) = x -3; g(x) = x + 4; find (f - g) (x)
Solution:
(f - g) (x) = f(x) - g(x) Definition of sum of functions
= (x -3) - (x + 4) Subtract g(x) from f(x)
=x–3–x–4 Perform the subtraction
(f - g) (x) = -7 Combine like terms
2. Given: f(x) = 2x + 8; g(x) = x - 3; find (f - g) (x)
Solution:
(f - g) (x) = f(x) - g(x)
= (2 x + 8) – (x- 3)
=2 x + 8 - x + 3
(f - g) (x) = x + 11
x x −3
3. Given: f(x) = and g(x) = ; find (f - g) (x)
2 x−3 2 x−3
Solution:
(f - g) (x) = f(x) - g(x)
x x−3
= −
2 x−3 2 x−3
x−x+ 3
=
2 x−3
3
(f - g) (x) =
2 x−3
Practice Exercises:
Use the given functions of f and g to find (f- g) (x)

1. f(x) = x2 – 1 , g(x) = x + 1
 2. f(x) = x – 2 , g(x) = x + 2

3. f(x) = 2x + 11 , g(x) = x2 – 11

1 7
4. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+3 x+3

1 1
5. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+ 9 x−9

x 3x
6. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+1 x2 −1

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 9

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Multiplication of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 34
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 25 –27

Let f and g be any two functions, their product is defined as

(f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x)

the domain of f· g consists of the numbers x that are in the domain of f and in the domain of g.
Examples:
1. Given: f(x) = x -3; g(x) = x + 4; find (f · g) (x)
Solution:
(f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x) Definition of product of functions
= (x -3) (x + 4) Multiply f(x) and g(x)
2
= x + 4x – 3x -12 Perform the multiplication
(f · g) (x) = x2 + x - 12 Combine like terms

2. Given: f(x) = 2x + 8; g(x) = 3x - 4; find (f · g) (x)

Solution:
(f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x)
= (2 x + 8) (3x- 4)
=6 x2 – 8x + 24x -32
(f · g) (x) =6 x2 + 16x - 32
x x −3
3. Given: f(x) = and g(x) = ; find (f· g) (x)
2 x−3 2 x−3
Solution:
(f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x)
x x−3
= ·
2 x−3 2 x−3
x( x −3)
=
(2 x−3)2
x 2−3 x
=
4 x 2−6 x−6 x +9
 x 2−3 x
(f · g) (x) =
4 x 2−12 x+ 9

Practice Exercises:
Use the given functions of f and g to find (f· g) (x)

1. f(x) = x2 – 1 , g(x) = x + 1

2. f(x) = x – 2 , g(x) = x + 2

3. f(x) = 2x + 11 , g(x) = x2 – 11

1 7
4. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+3 x+3

1 1
5. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+ 9 x−9

x 3x
6. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+1 x2 −1

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 10
Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Division of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 334
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 25 –27

Let f and g be any two functions, their sum is defined as

f f (x )
( ¿ (x) = , g(x) ≠ 0
g g ( x)

f
The domain of consist of numbers x for which g(x) ≠ 0 that are in the domain of f and in the domain of g.
g
Examples:
f
1. Given: f(x) = x + 5; g(x) = x – 1; find ( ) (x)
g
f f (x )
Solution: ( ) (x) = Definition of quotient of functions
g g ( x)
x+5
= Divide f(x) and g(x)
x−1
f x+5
( ) (x) =
g x−1

f
The domain of is the set of all real numbers except 1.
g
2 x +1 3x f
2. Given: f(x) = and h(x) = ; find( ) (x)
x−2 x−2 g
f f (x )
Solution: ( ) (x) = Definition of quotient of functions
g g ( x)
2 x +1 3 x
= ÷ Divide f(x) and g(x)
x−2 x −2
 2 x +1 x−2
= ()( ) Get the reciprocal of the divisor and multiply
x−2 3x
f 2 x +1
( ) (x) =
g 3x

f
3. Given f(x)= 3x-2; g(x) = x2 + 2x -3 find ( ) (x)
g
f f (x )
Solution: ( ) (x) = Definition of quotient of functions
g g ( x)
3 x−2
= 2 Divide f(x) and g(x)
x +2 x−3

3 x+ 2
= Factor the denominator
( x+3 ) (x−1)

f
The domain of is the set of all real numbers except -3 and 1.
g
Practice Exercises:
f
Use the given functions of f and g to find ( ) (x)
g

1. f(x) = 3x – 1 , g(x) = 2x + 3

2. f(x) = x – 5 , g(x) = 4x – 7

3. f(x) = 2x + 11 , g(x) = x2 – 11

x−5 4x
4. f(x) = , g(x) =
3 x +7 3 x +7

1 1
5. f(x) = , g(x) =
x+ 9 x−9

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 11

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Operations of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 34
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 25 – 27

Let f and g be any two functions.

f
The sum f + g, difference f – g, product fg, and quotient are functions whose domains are the set of all real
g
numbers common to the domain of f and g, and defined as follows:

1. Sum: ( f + g) (x) = f(x) + g(x)

2. Difference: (f – g) (x) = f(x) – g(x)
3. Product: (f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x)
f f (x )
4. Quotient: ( ¿ (x) = , where g(x) ≠ 0
g g ( x)
Example:
Given: f(x) = 2x2 + 4x – 7 g(x) = 2x2 + 3x -5
 Find:
f
a.( f + g) (x) b. (f – g) (x) c. (fg) (x) d.( ) (x)
g
Solutions:
a. (f + g) (x) = f(x) + g(x)
= (2x2 + 4x – 7) + (2x2 + 3x -5)
= 2x2 + 4x – 7 + 2x2 + 3x -5
(f + g) (x) = 4x2 + 7x - 12

b. (f – g) (x) = f(x) – g(x)

= (2x2 + 4x – 7) - (2x2 + 3x -5)
= 2x2 + 4x – 7 - 2x2 - 3x + 5
(f – g) (x) =x-2

c. (f · g) (x) = f(x) · g(x)

= (2x2 + 4x – 7) (2x2 + 3x -5)
= 2x2 (2x2 + 3x -5) + 4x (2x2 + 3x -5) – 7(2x2 + 3x -5)
= 4x4 +6x3 - 10x2 + 8x3 +12x2 – 20x -14x2 – 21 x + 35
(f · g) (x) = 4x4 + 14x3 -12x2 – 41x + 35

f f (x )
d. ( ¿ (x) =
g g ( x)
2 x 2 +4 x −7
=
2 x 2+3 x−5
f 2 x2 + 4 x−7
( ¿ (x) =
g ( 2 x +5 ) ( x−1)
Practice Exercises:
For the given functions f and g, find the following:
f
a.( f + g) (x) b. (f – g) (x) c. (fg) (x) d.( ) (x)
g
1. f(x) = x2 – 2x – 15 g(x) = x + 3
2. f(x) = 2x + 1 g(x) = x -3

3x x +3
3. f(x) = g(x) =
2 x−1 2 x−1

x 2 x +1
4. f(x) = g(x) =
2 x +1 x

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII- CENTRAL VISAYAS
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BOHOL

Learning Activity in General Mathematics

Learning Activity No. 12

Name: ________________________________________ Year & Section: ____________________

Title: Composition of Functions

Target: Performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of functions
References: General Mathematics by Orlando A. Oronce pages 33- 37
General Mathematics by Faylogna et.al pages 27-30

The composition of function f with g is denoted by (f ᵒ g) (x) = f(g(x))

The domain of the composition function f ᵒ g is the set of all x such that
1. x is in the domain of g; and
2. g(x) is in the domain of f.
 Example: Given f(x) = 4x – 5 and g (x) = x 2 +4, find:
a. (f ᵒ g) (x) b. (g ᵒ f) (x)

Solutions:
a. Because (f ᵒ g) (x) means f(g(x)), we must replace each occurrence of x in the function f by g(x).
f(x) = x -5 Given equation for f.
(f ᵒ g) (x) = f(g(x))= 4 (g(x) – 5 Replace x by g(x)
= 4 ( x2 +4) – 5 Replace g(x) by x2 +4
2
= 4 x + 16 -5 Apply Distribution Law
2
= 4 x + 11 Combine like terms
(f ᵒ g) (x) = 4 x2 + 11

b. (g ᵒ f) (x) means g(f(x)), we must replace each occurrence of x in the function g by f(x).
g (x) = x2 +4 Given equation for g
2
(g ᵒ f) (x) = g(f(x)) = (f(x)) + 4 Replace x by f(x)
= (4x -5) 2+ 4 Replace f(x) by 4x – 5
= 16x2 - 40x + 25 + 4 Square the binomial
= 16x2 - 40x + 29 Simplify
(g ᵒ f) (x) = 16x2 - 40x + 29

Notice that (f ᵒ g) (x) is not the same as (g ᵒ f) (x).

Practice Exercises:
Find (f ᵒ g) (x) and (g ᵒ f) (x) for the given functions:

1. f(x) = 3x + 5 g(x) = 2x – 7

2. f(x) = x2 + 3 g(x) = x2 – 1

x+3
3. f(x) = 2x-3 g(x) =
2

4. f(x) = √ x g(x) = x – 2

1 3
5. f(x) = g(x) =
x x