‫بســم اللـه الرحمن الرحيم‬

Palestinian National Authority Name : ________________________

Ministry of Health – Nsg. Dept Date :
Palestine College of Nursing Time: 3 hours.
Ref. Final Leadership & Management Exam RN-BSN Oct 2001 17/1/04

Final Leadership & Management Examination

RN – BSN October 2010

I. Choose The Most Correct Answer: (1 point each)

01. Ghada knows that evaluation or control is best defined as:

a. A review of activities after they have occurred.
b. A continuous process of seeing that performance meets goals and objectives.
c. Making changes.
d. Telling people how well or how poorly they have done.

02. The best definition of continuing education is that the program consists of:
a. A review of basic knowledge and skills.
b. Recommendations for improvement.
c. Planned learning experiences beyond a basic nursing education program.
d. Classes offered outside the work place.

03. The most important element of any nurse manager development program is
that:
a. It contains a group development cycle.
b. It is conducted within a health care setting.
c. It is linked to the mission and goals of the organization.
d. It covers a period of 2 years to allow for maturation.

 Sameera is working to improve her communication skills as a nurse

manager:

04. Sameera recognizes that the goal of communication is to:

a. Understand the communication process.
b. Inform others what you want to say in clear and concise terms.
c. Narrow the gap between the intended message and the received message.
d. Get the person to whom you are communicating to listen to what you have to
say.
05. Sameera is communicating with the hospital to coordinate clinical activities.
What level of communication is she using?
a. Downward.
b. Lateral.
c. Diagnonal.
d. Horizontal.

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06. The classical form of communications in management is:
a. Downward.
b. Upward.
c. Horizontal.
d. Diagonal.

07. Which of the following statements concerning conflict is NOT TRUE?

a. Can be destructive if the level is too high.
b. May create leaders.
c. Is better avoided.
d. May result in poor peformance.

08. Let's not do anything until we determine wha the group is thinking is an
example of:
a. Avoidance.
b. Smoothing.
c. compromise.
d. Power.

09. First we will identify the problem is an example of:

a. Smoothing.
b. Collaborative.
c. Compromise.
d. Power.

10. Fatma strives to create a climate that promotes job satisfaction. To her, climate
has to do with:
a. Deep rooted assumptions, beliefs, and values.
b. Behavior, attitudes and feelings.
c. A rich heritage in nursing.
d. Socially inherited characteristics.

11. Fatma is admonished by her supervisor to spend less time nurturing staff and
more time on increased production and cost control. Fatma's response to her
dictum is to:
a. Present her view that a satisfied staff is more productive than a dissatisfied staff..
b. Resign because this plan is untenable.
c. Agree to comply because this is her required role.
d. Send a production report to the president of the company, highlghting her
accomplishments.

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12. Linda learns that performance appraisal consiss of all the following activities
EXCEPT:
a. Setting specific standards and activities for individual performance.
b. Using agency standards as a guide.
c. Determining areas of strength and weakness.
d. Focusing activity on the correction of identified behaviors.

13. Linda recognizes that three of the following statements are false which one is
TRUE?
a. Informing members of the nursing staff regarding specific impressions of their
work helps members to improve their job performance.
b. If a nurse manager is pressed for time a verbal appraisal is an acceptable
substitute for a written report.
c. The client is the best source of information regarding personal appraisal.
d. Responsibility for the outcome of performance appraisal rests primarily with the
evaluator.

14. Informal appraisal has many benefits. Which is the EXCEPTION?:

a. The staff member is observed in natural surroundings.
b. Incidental confrontation and collaboration is allowed.
c. The evaluation focuses on objective data systematically.
d. The evaluation may provide valid information for compilation of a formal report.

15. All of the followin is true about theory X and theory Y EXCEPT:
a. A nurse manager with a theory X orientation will allow for minimal employee
input, delegate little, and supervise closely.
b. A nurse manager with a theory Y orientation will encourage employee input,
provide loose supervision, delegate responsibility.
c. According to theory Y, a manager should be autocratic, directive and task
oriented.
d. A theory X oriented manager emphasizes organizational goals.

16. According to Herzberg's motivation – hygiene theory the hygiene factors are:
1) Job security. 2) Salary. 3) Status. 4) Working Conditions 5) Achievement.
a. All of the above.
b. All except 4.
c. All except 5.
d. All except 2.

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17. COSIER stated that people try to restore equity when they perceive that they have
been treated unfairly by: Which is the EXCEPTION:
a. Increasing their inputs.
b. Increasing outcomes.
c. Rationalize or distort inputs or outcomes.
d. Changing the referent people.

18. According to expectancy theory of motiveation, EXPECTANCY is:

a. Is the attractiveness or desirability of various rewards or outcomes.
b. Is the perceived relationship between effort and performance.
c. Is the perceived relationship between performance and rewards.
d. Is the perceived relationship between peformance, rewards, and effort.

19. The main difference between the Islamic model and theoretical model of
motivation is:
a. Believes.
b. Working conditions.
c. Satisfaction.
d. Incentives.

20. The human resources management process includes:

a. Determining human resource needs.
b. Attracting qualified employees.
c. Developing qualified employees.
d. Keeping qualified employees.
e. All of the above.
f. All of the above, except d

21. To make rewards effective management should:

a. Not promise.
b. Not offer more than it can deliver.
c. Ensure that people understand performance objectives.
d. Differentiate between level of performance.
e. All of the above.
f. All of the above, except a.

22. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE:

1) Increase the size of organiztion increases the chance for conflict occurrnce.
2) Conflict is unconscious behavior to obstruct goal achievement of others.
3) Conflicts always leads to positive outcome.
4) Conflict is inevitable and nature conditon in organizations.
a. 1 + 2
b. 1+2+4
c. 2 + 3
d. 1 + 4
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23. The best way to implement change is:
a. To implement the new change in all departments at once.
b. To implment the new change inspite of presence of resistance.
c. To implement the new change at one department, then move to other departments
d. To try the new change in another institution first.

24. A nurse manager hears two nurses loudly arguing in the middle of the hallway.
What should she immediately do?
a. Call for security.
b. Remove both nurses to a more private place on the unit.
c. Discuss the meaning of professional communication with both nurses.
d. Determine the reason for the argument and follow up as necessary.

25. Objectives for quality improvement includes the following EXCEPT:

a. Protecting the health of the public.
b. Monitoring the quality of service.
c. To enhance quality care.
d. To decrease both cost and efficiency.

26. Regarding intrinsic motivation, which of the following statements is UNTRUE?

a. Comes from within the individual.
b. Individuals are intrinsically motivated to same degree.
c. Affected by level of aspiration.
d. Enhanced by external rewards.

27. Regarding extrinsic motivation, which of the following is UNTRUE?

a. Enhanced by job environment and rewards.
b. The reward occur after completion of the work.
c. It precedes internal motivation.
d. Different nurses have different extrinsic motives.

28. Concerning centralized staffing, the nurse manager is responsible for:

1) Increase or decrease staff according to patient census.
2) Order all needed supplies and materials.
3) Determine salary for staff.
4) Prepare staff schedules and assignments.
a. 1+2+4
b. 1+2+3
c. 2+3+4
d. 2 + 4.

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29. Which statement is correct regarding appropriate staffing?
a. It is based only on patient census.
b. All registered nurse staffing is the only way to provide safe care.
c. The nurse manager has an ethical and financial responsibility when making
staffing decisions.
d. The budget is the most important part of staffing.

30. Which statement is correct regarding effective scheduling?

a. Staff nurse should not have input into the process.
b. Self-schedling enhances staff satisfaction.
c. All nurses should be scheduled according to flex-time requests.
d. Temporary personnel should not be used in the hospital setting.

31. Which statement is correct regarding cross training?

a. It is always a benefit for the nursing staff and patient.
b. It can be cost effective and increase marketability for the registered nurse.
c. It is readily accepted by registered nurses.
d. It increases the level of specialization for the registered nurse.

32. Daily assignment sheet for nursing personnel should include all the following
EXCEPT:
a. Names or numbers of patients.
b. Name of charge nurse.
c. Break times.
d. Days off.

33. The nurse manager can create a climate of motivation by all the following
EXCEPT:
a. By positive reinforcement.
b. By being enthusiastic role model.
c. By menitoring future managers.
d. By punishing the lazy nurse.

34. The following are contents of performance appraisal EXCEPT:

a. Quality and quanity of work.
b. Employees attitudes toward organization and colleagues.
c. Patients opinion about nursing services.
d. Hallo influence from other colleagues.

35. When you prepare a schedule, you should include all the following EXCEPT:
a. Salary expectations.
b. Educational and work history.
c. Involvement in professional services.
d. Professional objectives.

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36. Choose the correct statements from the following:
1. Change in organizations is unnecessary because it leads to conflict.
2. Overt resistance includes delaying of tactics.
3. Planned change is the result of deep and through thinking.
4. Good reason for change is to increase quality and quantity of production.
a. 1+2 c. 3+4
b. 2+3+4 d. All are correct

37. Concerning motivational theories, which statements are NOT TRUE?

1. ER theory sugests that more than one level of needs can motivate behavior at
the same time.
2. According to Maslow, needs are normally descending from complex to
simple needs.
3. According to Herzberg, absence of motivators leads to dissatisfaction.
4. Achievement-oriented people focus on improving actions.
a. 1+2
b. 1+2+3
c. 2+3
d. 2+3+4

38. Structure is the pattern of relationships among positions in the organization and
among members of the organization. Which of the following does structure make
possible?
a. The planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the activities of the
organization.
b. The application of the process of management.
c. The creation of a framework of order and command.
d. All of the above.

39. The span of control refers to:

a. The number of subordinates reporting directly or indirectly to a given manager or
supervisor.
b. The total number of managers and supervisors to whom staff report directly or
indirectly.
c. The nmber of subortdinates reporting directly to a given manager or supervisor.
d. The number of different levels in the chain of hierarchical command.

40. In a planned and systematic approach to delegation, the first stages should be:
a. Clarification of objectives and the design of suitable patterns of organization to
achieve objectives.
b. Agreement on terms of reference.
c. Acceptance of authority and responsibility.
d. Guidance, support and training.

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41. ___________ is a source of tension and frustration and is one of the major adverse
influences on job satisfaction, work performance and productivity, and
absenteeism and turnover:
a. Power.
b. Control.
c. Alienation.
d. Stress.

42. Which of the following best describes job enrichment?

a. Moving a person from one task to another in an attempt to introduce greater
variety of work.
b. Incorporating motivating or growth factors such as increased responsibility and
involvement, opportunities for advancement and the sense of achievement.
c. Increasing the scope of the job and range of tasks that a person carries out with
the aim of offering greater variety of work.
d. None of the above.

43. Which of the following outcomes of conflict might be regarded as positive?

a. When people are forced to search for new approaches.
b. When long standing problems are brought to the surface and resolved.
c. When it provides a chance for individuals to clarify their views.
d. All of the above.

44. A programme of planned change and improved performance developed by Lewin

involves the management of a three phase process of behaviour modification:
a. Recognizing, movement and implementing.
b. Unfreezing, managing and activating.
c. Identifying, unfreezing and stabilising.
d. Unfreezing, movement and refreezing.

45. Which of the following should an effective HRM policy embrace?

a. Ensuring that the structure is staffed with suitable people.
b. Definition of work roles and relationships.
c. Design of an effective organization structure.
d. All of the above.

46. The process of appraisal can improve ________________________________

by increasing mutual understanding between managers and their staff:
a. Quality of working life.
b. Levels of productivity.
c. Career progressior.
d. Financial rewards.

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47. The main purpose of appraisals is to:
a. Help staff improve their performance.
b. Allow employees the opportunity to say what they think about the performance of
their manager.
c. Allow management to air their dissatisfaction with employee's performance.
d. Prepare employees for promotion.

48. A document which contains information on the total requirements of the job: What
it is; its purpose; the duties, activities and responsibilities attached; and its
position within the formal structure of the organization is called:
a. A person specification.
b. A job description.
c. A job analysis.
d. None of the above.

49. What method of selection is usually a central and indispensable element of the
selection process, and still a widely used method of selection?
a. The application form.
b. The selection test.
c. The group exercise.
d. The interview.

50. Which of the following should a skilled interviewer be able to do during the
interview process?
a. Show respect and good manners to candidates.
b. Change their interview style according to the different behaviour of candidates.
c. Be responsive to both verbal and non-verbal cues.
d. All of the above.

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II. Put sign (A) for (True) sentence and Sign (B) for the (Incorrect) One:
01. ( ) Job specifications need not to be in writing as long as personnel know what is
expected of them.
02. ( ) Most people can handle confrontation most of the time.
03. ( ) When confronting another person, emphasize you not "me" in your
confrontational statements.
04. ( ) An indicator is an objective, measurable variable of care.

05. ( ) Management skills are acquired through education and training, experience
and preceptor relationships.
06. ( ) Customers define quality.
07. ( ) The goal of quality management is to improve the system, not to assign blame.

08. ( ) Communication means change of ideas, information between sender and

receiver.
09. ( ) An assertive person stands up for his or her rigts despite this right infringe on
the rights of others.
10. ( ) Recognition is one of the most powerful motivators.

11. ( ) Not all changes is improvement, but all improvement is change.

12. ( ) Stress is usually adds excitement and challenge to life and drive a force that
impairs effectivness.
13. ( ) Quality assurance involves setting standards, establishing criteria, and
evaluating performance.
14. ( ) Role expectations are defined as how the nurse perceives the role pressure
from the employer, patient and self.
15. ( ) Nursing practice acts, rules and regulations are considered a barriers for
delegation.
16. ( ) Decentralized staffing allocates personnel at the organizational level rather
than at the unit level.
17. ( ) Delegation is usually interpreted as a movement downwards within the
organization.
18. ( ) Conflict can be seen as behavior intended to obstruct the achievement of some
other person's goals.
19. ( ) Nurse manager should delegate anything for which he has legal accountability.

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20. ( ) The best time to implement change is when restraining forces are greater than
driving forces.

III. Match Column (A) the Correct Answer from Column (B): (1 point each)

(A) (B)
1 ( ) Maslow, Hierarchy of needs A Each party must give up something.

2 ( ) Herzberg, Hygiene & B Liability for one's actions, willing to be

Motivational factors. judged against performance
expectations.

3 ( ) McGregor, theory X & Y. C Attracting people for new job.

4 ( ) Burnout. D Provide security and stability before

working an oportunities for growth.

5 ( ) Compromise. E Referes to reliability, dependiability,

and obligation to accomplish work.

6 ( ) Accountability. F A process in which a previously

committed professional disengages
from his or her wok in response to
stress.

7 ( ) Responsibility. G The rater only recalls or uses recent

data for evaluating of performance.

8 ( ) Job descriptions. H Provide safe working conditions to

reduce dissatisfaction.

9 ( ) Hallow error (effect) I Occurs when assessors rate all wokers

as performing at the same level.

10 (Recruiting. J Place your trust in the fact that peole

want to work.

11 k A written account of roles activities

and responsibilities expected of
a staff member.

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IV. Answer (2) of the following questions: (24 points)

1. What should the delegator assess before assigning tasks? What are the five rights
of delegation?

2. What are the proposed strategies used to create a motivating climate?

3. Identify common problems and potential errors assoicated with performance

evaluation "Appraisal".

4. You are facing stress almost every day in the work from different aspects, and you
know that too much stress in unhealthy.

"Discuss how you can decrease stress to maintain good health"

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V. Critical Reflection and Analysis Questions: Answer only one question:

Case I:
1. Prepare an hypothetical or actual change in the health care that is meaningful to
you and related to your work , and allows you an opportunity to apply, using one
model of planned change.

2. Critique the usefulness of the change model you choose.

3. Would the scenario you created succeed in real life? Why or why not?

Case II:

At 8:00 a.m, Ali the nurse on the medical unit, calls the hospital laboratory area to
question why a blood sugar has not been drawn on one of her patients. As he
slams down the phone, he states, "I get so exasperated waiting for those lab people
to get their work done! They think they are the only ones in this organization that
ever run short staffed. I am going to talk to some one about this"

1-What is the source of this conflict?

2- In which context does this conflict occur?
3- If you are Ali's manager and responsible for seeing this situation resolved, where
would you begin? Why?
4- What style of conflict management would you choose? Why?
5- What would be your reasons for not choosing one of the other styles for managing
this conflict? What might the positive out come of this conflict?

.
GOO LUCK
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