Narration, slides and

graphics by:
J. Banzon
What is a project?


Project, as defined in the PMBOK
Guide, is a “temporary endeavor
undertaken to create a unique product,
service or result.”

All projects vary in complexity but they
all follow similar life cycles

All projects have deliverables (meaning
they always produce something)

Project examples:
− New product development
− Building renovation
− Wedding
− Dinner party
 What is a project life cycle?

Project life cycle is a series of phases of a project from initiation
to completion.

The life cycle gives a practical approach to problem solving
applied to all aspects of a project.

Phases in a project life cycle encompasses sequential and
overlapping phases.

A project life cycle typically has 4 major phases:
− Initiation Phase
− Planning Phase
− Implementation/ Execution Phase
− Closure Phase
 Project life cycle phases

Implementation phase
Initiation Phase
The project plan is put
The project need is into action. This phase
identified in the initiation is when people are
phase. It signals the start carrying out the tasks of
of a project. their plan.

Closure phase
Planning phase
This phase is the final
This phase is where the project closing of all project
solution is further explored and processes and handing
the steps necessary to achieve over deliverables to the
their goals. customer.
 Initiation phase


The first phase explores the project concept.

Scope is defined during this phase.

Feasibility studies are made in order to identify if there
is a business need and justification to pursue the
project. Project charter is developed for approval.

This is the phase that the project team is assembled
and the project manager is identified.
 Planning phase


This phase further details the scope of the project.

Tasks and resources are identified and assigned during
this phase

Project manager coordinates the preparation of the
schedule and project budget

Risks are identified ahead to anticipate any project threats

Quality plan is developed to maintain proper standards
throughout project

Communications plan is created in order to ensure
everyone is constantly informed of project status
 Implementation phase


This phase is where the work outlined in the project
plan is performed.

This phase consumes the most resources and
energy.

Constant and close monitoring of the work should be
done to ensure efficiency of the project execution.

Status reports are important for all stakeholders
involved.

Deliverables are measured against the set metrics to
ensure quality is acceptable
 Closure phase


This is the last phase of the project life cycle and
involves handing over final deliverable to the
customer.

Contracts are properly terminated for equipment,
vendors and staff.

All stakeholders are to be informed of project
closure.

This phase is when the team reviews the overall
project and identify lessons learned for future
projects.
 Processes


Processes are the tasks and methodologies
that occur within a phase.

Although they sound like phases, processes
are not phases.
 Processes


The PMBOK arrange processes into groups
according to when they ty p ic a lly occur in a
project.

However, different processes can occur any
time during a project phase
 Processes

This graphic is a representation of when these
processes typically occur over the project life
cycle
 Initiating process group

Typically occurring during the
initiation phase of a project. Initiation processes:

These process groups define

4.1 Develop Project Charter


the new project or phase

13.1 Identify Stakeholders

objectives and what is needed

to achieve it.

Involves obtaining
authorization for the project or
phase.

Process group main output is
the project charter and
stakeholder register.
From PMBOK, 5th edition
 Planning process group

Typically occurring during the Planning processes:
planning phase of a project. 4.2 Develop Project Management Plan
5.1 Plan Scope Management
5.2 Collect Requirements

Planning process group does not 5.3 Define Scope
5.4 Create WBS
just apply to the planning phase. 6.1 Plan Schedule Management
6.2 Define Activities
Planning is an activity that continues 6.3 Sequence Activities
6.4 Estimate Activity Resources
to almost the end of a project, as 6.5 Estimate Activity Duration
6.6 Develop Schedule
projects tend to change as it 7.1 Plan Cost Management
7.2 Estimate Costs
progresses. 7.3 Determine Budget
8.1 Plan Quality Management
9.1 Plan Human Resource Management

A skilled project manager knows 10.1 Plan Communications Management
11.1 Plan Risk Management
how much time and effort to put into 11.2 Identify Risks
11.3 Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
each stage of planning as the project 11.4 Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

changes
11.5 Plan Risk Responses
12.1 Plan Procurement Management
13.2 Plan Stakeholder Management

From PMBOK, 5th edition

 Executing process group


Typically occurring during the Execution processes:

implementation/execution 4.3 Direct and Manage Project Work

8.2 Perform Quality Assurance
phase of a project. 9.2 Acquire Project Team
9.3 Develop Project Team
9.4 Manage Project Team

This process group involves a 10.2 Manage Communications
12.2 Conduct Procurements
lot of management tasks and 13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement

coordination with staff while the

project plan is being executed.

The outputs produced during
this process group is the actual
project deliverable.

From PMBOK, 5th edition

 Closing process group


Typically occurring during Closing processes:

the closure phase of a 4.6 Close Project or Phase

project.
12.4 Close Procurements


Formal transfer of
deliverable to customer

Administrative closure and
contract closure is
performed to formally close
out project.

From PMBOK, 5th edition

 Monitoring and controlling
process group

This process group occurs on Monitoring and Controlling processes:

all phases of the project life 4.4 Monitor and Control Project Work

cycle. 4.5 Perform Integrated Change Control

5.5 Validate Scope


Ensures that the project is on 5.6 Control Scope

track and flags issues to 6.7 Control Schedule

maintain project course 7.4 Control Costs

direction.
8.3 Control Quality

10.3 Control Communications


Collects performance data 11.6 Control Risks

through constant reports from 12.3 Control Procurements

team such as status reports

13.4 Control Stakeholder Engagement

and team meetings. From PMBOK, 5th edition

 Final thoughts


While the PMBOK and PMI gives an outline of a
typical project, no two projects are the same.

A good project manager knows how to choose which
processes are needed for their project.

Practicality and pragmatism is the best approach to
any project. (keep it simple)
 References


https://opentextbc.ca/projectmanagement/chapter/chapter-3-the-project-life-cycle-phases-p

http://www.method123.com/project-lifecycle.php

http://www.free-management-ebooks.com/faqpm/processes-01.htm

Duncan, William ( 1996 ). AG uid e to the Pro je c t Ma na g e m e nt Bo d y o f
Kno wle d g e . Newtown Square, Pennsylvania: PMI Publishing Division.