Examples

 Examples:
1. Using Bisection method, show that a real root of the equation 3x - √ 1=0
lies between 0 and 1
2. Using Newton Raphson method find first approximation x1 for finding √ , taking
x0 = 3.1.
3. Using the Bisection method find the real root of each of the equation :
a. x3 – 2x – 5 = 0.
b. x3 – 9x + 1 = 0.
c. x3 – 10 = 0.
4. Using Newton-Raphson method, find the real root of each of the
equations given bellow (up to three iterations) :
a. x3 – 2x – 5 = 0
b. x5 + 5x + 1 = 0
c. sinx = 1 – x
d. x4 + x2 – 80 = 0
5. Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula find u3 if u0 = 580, u1 = 556,
u2 = 520, u4 = 385.
6. Find the difference table for the data given below
7. Form the difference table for the data :
8. Prepare a table of forward differences for the function f(x) = x3 + 5x –

7 for x = -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and obtain f(7).
9. Find the missing figures in the following table
10. Find the function from given data :
11. Given that y′ = –2y with y(0) = 1 and h = 0.1, compute y(0.2) using Euler’s method.
Numerical – M.A.S  Final 6
12. Using Euler’s method, find y(0.5), given that y′ = y2 – x2 with y(0) = 1
and h = 0.1.
13. Using Euler’s method, find y(1.5), given that y′ = xy with y(1) = 5 in the
interval [1 , 1.5] and h = 0.1.
14. Use Euler’s method for each to compute
15. Use forward ,backward and centered difference approximations to estimate the first
derivative of
f ( x)  0.1x 4  0.15x 3  0.5x 2  0.25x  1.2

at x = 0.5 with h = 0.5 and 0.25 (exact sol. = -0.9125)
1
16. The vertical distance covered by a rocket from t=8 to t=30 seconds is given by:
a. Use single segment Trapezoidal rule to find the distance covered.

b. Use two-segment Trapezoidal rule to find the distance covered.
c. Use Simpson’s 1/3rd Rule to find the approximate value of x
d. Use four segment Simpson’s 1/3rd Rule to find the approximate value of x.
Solution:
2
We can divide the interval [8,30] into [8,19] and [19,30] intervals and apply
Trapezoidal rule over each segment.
3
17. Construct a forward/backward difference table for the following given data.
4
Remember that:
18. Obtain the interpolation quadratic polynomial for the given data by using Newton
forward difference formula to find y(3)=f(3)
5
19. Construct Newton’s forward interpolation polynomial for the following data
Use it to find the value of y for x = 5.
20. Given sin45 0.7071, sin50 0.7660, sin55 0.8192, sin60 0.8660 Find sin 52 by
Newton’s forward formula
Sol:
6
….
21. The following data are taken from the steam table
Find the pressure at temperature t = 1750 using newton backward

Sol:
7
22. Find the quadratic polynomial that fits y(x) = x4 at x = 0,1,2

23. Using Lagrange’s interpolation formula fit a polynomial to
following data x : –1 0 2 3
y : –8 3 1 12 and hence find y at x = 1.5
24. Use Newton formula for interpolation to find the net premium at the age 25
from the table given below :
25. From the following table find the number of students who obtained less
than 45 marks :
26. Construct a divided difference table from the following data :
8
27. By means of Newton’s divided difference formula find the value of ƒ(2),
ƒ(8) and ƒ(15) from the following table :
28. Find the polynomial of the lowest possible degree which assumes the
values 3, 12, 15, -21 when x has values 3, 2, 1, -1 respectively. Use Divided
difference.
Substituting the values in Newton’s divided difference formula :

ƒ(x) = ƒ(x0) + (x – x0) ƒ(x0, x1) + (x – x0) (x – x1) _ _ _ (x – xn-1) + ƒ(x0, x1, x2 ..xn)
= -21 + {x – (-1)} 18 + { x – (-1)} (x – 1) (-7) + {x – (-1)} (x – 1) (x – 2) (1)
= x3 – 9x2 + 17x + 6
29. Given that ƒ(1) = 2 , ƒ(2) = 4 , ƒ(3) = 8 , ƒ(4) = 16 , ƒ(7) = 128 Find the value of ƒ(5)
with the help of Lagrange’s interpolation formula.
30. Find the form of function given by the following table :
9
31. Given the set of data points (1, – 8), (2, – 1) and (3, 18) satisfying the function y =
ƒ(x). find the linear splines satisfying the given data. Determine the approximate
values of y(2.5) and y1(2.0).
32. Given the set of data points (1, – 8), (2, – 1) and (3, 18) satisfying the function y =
ƒ(x). find the quadratic splines satisfying the given data. Find
also the approximate values of y(2.5) and y' (2.0).
Y(2.5)=5.5
Y(2)=7
33. From the following table of values of x and y obtain dy/dx at x
= 1.1.
F'(1.1)=0.630
34. Using divided difference find the value of f' (8) given that :
f'(8)=0.10859
35. Use direct method to compute the third order polynomial interpolation associated
with the following data:
11
36. Use Newton’s Divided Difference polynomial to compute the first , second, third
and fourth order polynomial interpolation associated with the following data:
37. Assume the following data is given:
Estimate the value of y at x  4 using the Lagrangian method and a third-order

polynomial?
11

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 Examples:

7. Form the difference table for the data :

8. Prepare a table of forward differences for the function f(x) = x3 + 5x –

10. Find the function from given data :

f ( x)  0.1x 4  0.15x 3  0.5x 2  0.25x  1.2

a. Use single segment Trapezoidal rule to find the distance covered.

Use it to find the value of y for x = 5.

Find the pressure at temperature t = 1750 using newton backward

22. Find the quadratic polynomial that fits y(x) = x4 at x = 0,1,2

26. Construct a divided difference table from the following data :

Substituting the values in Newton’s divided difference formula :

37. Assume the following data is given:

Estimate the value of y at x  4 using the Lagrangian method and a third-order

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