7/8 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

8 Technical Drafting
TLE – Information and Communication Technology

First Quarter-Module 3
Perform Mensuration and Calculation

Writer: Mary Grace V. Olivar

Cover Illustrator: Christopher E. Mercado

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 This module intends to clarify the entire concept and the role of technical
drawing in the technology curriculum. It is here to help you gain the basic skills in
Technical Drafting Technology which offers different learning modality to fully
enhance your capacity and capability in performing the task. The scope of this
module contains the most essential and basic concepts that would become useful in
your skill specialization in the future. The choice of language and the vocabulary
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

The module is a combination of the two collaborative lessons, namely:

● Lesson 1 – Select measuring instruments
● Lesson 2 – Carry out mensuration and calculation.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify measuring tools based on the object to be measures or job
requirements.
2. Select appropriate measuring instruments according to job requirements.
3. Interpret an object or component to be measured according to the appropriate
4. Use alternative measuring tools without sacrificing cost and quality of work.
5. Perform calculation needed to complete the task by applying trade
mathematics/mensuration.
6. Employ different techniques in checking for accuracy of the computation.

Read and understand the question carefully then choose and write the answer on the
space provided.

____1. What drafting tool used for measuring horizontal lines?

a. compass b. triangle c. triangular Scales d. T-square

____2. Which drafting material used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing
table to fixed drafting calculation?
a. compass b. divider c. masking tape d. triangle

____3. What tool is used to reproduce the measurements of an object to any size?
a. compass b. protractor c. triangle d. triangular scales

____4. What drafting tool used to measure and draw specific angles?
a. erasing shield b. pencil sharpener c. protractor d. masking tape

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____5. What type of tool for drafting whose particular purpose is to measure a vertical
line?
a. compass b. divider c. triangle d. triangular scale

____6. Which of the following tools provides an easy means for accurately measuring
curved surfaces?
a. compass b. divider c. protractor d. tape ruler

____7. Tina needs to use a drafting tool for drawing and measuring vertical and
oblique lines, which of the following tool that Tina will use?
a. ruler b. scale c. triangle d. T-square

____8. Mary draws an Isometric drawing for her project and needs to transfer in a
small and enlarge size dimension for her another project.which of the following tools
that she may use?
a. ruler b. tape ruler c.triangle d.triangular scale

____9. What kind of drafting measuring tool used to layout an angle or an arc?
a. compass b. divider c. protractor d. tape ruler

____10. The most common and basic measuring tools, usually 6 or 12 inches in
length. Which of the following tools describe the statement above?
a. divider b. ruler c. scale d. triangle

Lesson
Measuring Instruments
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Measurements and Calculations involve numbers which means tasks involve
in this module call for precise and definite specifications from devices and tools. This
module will allow you to understand the different tools needed to create an interesting
drafting material.

As the saying goes "Drawing is not what one sees but what one can make
others see." -Edgar Degas, thus we must know how to interpret our ideas and cascade
this with specificity to the one who needed the output or product with the use of
technical drafting. We as a beginner should understand that measurement and
calculation must be given with utmost priority.

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 Notes to the Teacher
Technical drafting has created opportunities to students as well
in the industry. This may offer potential temporary and
immediate earnings and can be a lifetime career and job
opportunity that may serve as an entrepreneurial livelihood
source.

Technical drafting is the most demandable skill needed in the industry

nowadays, this can be very useful in the various job measurements from simple to
complex objects. With the strict call of measuring skill in the course, we must practice
high knowledge of different measuring and calculation techniques. The development
of a drawing strategy benefits all types of industry and technology.
The use of technical drawing in the industry is almost limitless in all aspects
from the traditional way up to the future strategies and techniques, meaning time
may change but the keen use of knowledge about numbers even in the simplest to
complex drafting specifications will remain constant in the skill of the course. Such
practice has been proven to become very effective and efficient in the generations of
mathematics and branch of sciences. In connection with this, we are encouraged to
fully understand the concept of tools and live it in lifelong learning which is expected
from us in general.
Let me introduce the topic by asking you to measure your pencil with paper clips.
Let this become an opportunity for thinking of non-standard measurement. Answer the
table below using different sizes of your pencil at home. watch the YouTube video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8o7n-A0SC0for those who have internet
access for additional guide and reference. For modular activity fill in the provided
lines for teachers monitoring of reflection.

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1. Pencil No. 1 __________________________
2. Pencil No.2 __________________________
3. Pencil No. 3___________________________
Understanding that whatever strategy or technique of trying non standard
measurement and calculation- it is still NON-STANDARD in its real essence.

Unscramble each word/s and write it in the space provided below.

1. IDARFNGT

2. LEICPN

3. RRUEL

4. TTRRPORACO

5. IIDDVRE

USE OF MEASURING TOOLS

The choice of drafting tools in measurement and layout of drawings can

improve the consistency of any standard drawing jobs. Hence, this calls for the
appropriate and particular use of drafting tools to suffice the need for precise
measurement for any particular drawing medium. Tools such as rulers and triangles
mark the essential need for measurement for drawing medium. Other tools such as
straight edges with measurements, assist the operator in drawing straight lines.
Various scales and the protractor are used to measure the lengths of lines and angles,

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allowing accurate scale drawing to be carried out. It is a must that we carefully pick
a medium for measurement aside from the consideration of a particular tool to be
used in any drawing job description such as compass which is mostly used to draw
arcs and circles, drawing board to hold the drawing media in place, drafting machines
that sped the layout of straight lines and angles. There should also be a consideration
of the tools with pre-defined measurements such as templates and lettering guides
in the drafting of repetitive elements such as circles, ellipses, schematic symbols, and
text. Other auxiliary tools were used for special drawing purposes or functions related
to the preparation and revision of drawing precision for measurement.

SELECTING APPROPRIATE MEASURING TOOLS

The use of appropriate measuring tools for a specific drawing description will result
in a specific instruction for layout and publication. This will direct our skill to further
enhance our capacity to choose the most essential and most fitting tool for the needed
output of drawing jobs with maximum efficiency and tact. In this connection, it is
further advised that the following standards of measuring tools be followed to
maximize drafting effort.
1. T-Square is one of the most important measuring tools which is used as a
guide in drawing horizontal lines and in measuring up to 48” straight line.

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2. Triangles are used for drawing vertical and oblique lines. Most of the time
supported by T-square for firm placement on drawing board. The most
commonly used triangles are the 45˚ and the 30˚ 60˚. Illustrations below
show the proper use of drawing lines and measuring angles using the T-
square and triangle.

3. Ruler is the most popular and basic type of measuring tool traditionally
patronized. It is usually 6 or 12 inches in length. It is needed for measuring
sizes and distances of small drawing descriptions.

drawing of different types of ruler and illustration of a step

by step use of the measuring tool showing drafting horizontal and
vertical line

4. Triangular Scale is used in general drafting. Its main purpose is to

reproduce the dimension in full size or to reduce or enlarge them on a
drawing. Scales help a drafter keep the proportions accurate based on
specifics.

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5. Tape or tape ruler is a tool used in construction and industry measurement
purposes. It is a concave, spring-steel blade ranging from 1/4" to 1" wide
and 6 to about 300 feet in length, coiled inside a carrying case. Metric tape
ruler comes in comparable widths and lengths up to 10 meters. This
provides easy means for accurately measuring curved surfaces.

drawing of various types of triangles

6. Compass is used to draw circles, arcs, radii, and parts of many

symbols in any drawing descriptions.

7. Divider is similar to the compass in construction. As the name

implies, the divider is used for dividing distances into many
equal parts by the trial-and-error method

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Selecting appropriate tools for drafting specifications.

Read and understand each phrase below. Choose an answer in the box and write it
on the spaced provided before the number.

T -square Ruler Protractor Triangle Tape ruler

Compass Pencil Divider

_______________1. Drawing straight 28 inches horizontal straight line.

_______________2. Measuring a 78 degrees arc.
_______________3. Drafting a 10 inches diagonal line.
_______________4. Measuring a 4 x 4 inches box.
_______________5. Laying out a bold 7.5 inches vertical line in drawing board.
_______________6. Scale 1 cm to 1 m.
_______________7. Drafting a 5 cm radius circle.
_______________8. Measure 135 degrees angle.
_______________9. Create a series of arcs.
_______________10. Measure a 54 inches horizontal line.

Write the measurement and dimensions of the given orthographic projection.

(Total dimension 4cm x 4 cm with equal division of 2cm)

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Your output will be rated based on the scoring rubric below.

Criteria Proficient Emerging Not Acceptable Incomplete

25pts 15pts 5 pts 1pt.

Procedures Followed most procedures Followed many Followed a few None of the procedures
and directions. procedures and procedures and are followed.
25%
directions. directions.

Layout Objects are mostly Objects are drawn with Objects have wasted No drawing to gauge.
organized difficulty space and poorly
30%
organized.

Line Work Line weights follow At least 70% of line Few of the line types No line criteria are
assigned criteria weights follow criteria. follow the assigned followed.
25%
criteria.

Accuracy Measurements and Some of the Measurements and No measurement and

20% specifications are fully in measurements and specifications are quite specifications can be
detail. specifications are given given in detail. identified.
in detail.

Based on the given diagram, explain briefly the importance of understanding specific
measurement and calculation in the field of technical drafting curriculum. Discuss
using knowledge learned from the lesson and activities given:

Use the guide questions below for the reflection:

1. How do you think measurement and calculation play a role in job specifications?
2. Is it possible to use non-standard measurements?

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3. What are the aspects of the technical drawing that will be affected if we follow the
strict discipline of measurement?
4. How do you think this will help in your everyday activity and life?
Reflection:
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
What is your self-reflection of learning?

Since it is not enough that you just learn and understand how to use the
different measuring tools but also important that you demonstrate the proper
selection of measuring tools for a particular drafting job description.
Activity for skill enhancement in carrying out measurement and calculations.
ONLINE ACTIVITY:
Watch the movie Gullivers’ Travel and prepare a short description of the
Lilliputians and the Giant-Man. Describe how the size of measurement affects their
daily lives. Create your poster of reflection at the space provided before. The following
criteria will be used for the assessment of your work.

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Draw your poster below.

Rubrics for Assessment:

Criteria Points Score

Relevance/Content 30%

Presentation 25%

Originality 25%

Artistic Presentation 20%

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OFFLINE ACTIVITY:

Materials needed:
Ruler
Compass
Triangles
Procedure:
Layout below the following lines, arcs, and circles. You can choose the size and
dimension of the output as long as you were able to follow the given figures.
Follow the given specifications below:
1. 85 degrees angle diagonal line
2. 90 degrees angle vertical line
3. 145 degrees obtuse angle
4. 75 degrees acute angle
5. 5 centimeters horizontal line
6. 1.5 centimeters radius circle
7. 8.5 centimeters vertical line
8. 5 inches line reduce to centimeter
9. 10 centimeters line enlarge to inches
10. 30 degrees acute angle

Your output will be rated based on the scoring rubric below.

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 Criteria Proficient Emerging Not Acceptable Incomplete
25pts 15pts 5 pts 1 pts

Procedures Followed most Followed many Followed a few None of the

25% procedures and procedures and procedures and procedures are
directions. directions. directions. followed.
Layout Objects are mostly Objects are drawn Objects have No drawing to
30% organized with difficulty wasted space and gauge.
poorly organized.
Line Work Line weights follow At least 70% of line Few of the line No line criteria are
25% assigned criteria weights follow types follow the followed.
criteria. assigned criteria.
Accuracy Measurements and Some of the Measurements and No measurement
20% specifications are fully measurements and specifications are and specifications
in detail. specifications are quite given in can be identified.
given in detail. detail.

Read and understand the question carefully then choose and write the answer on the
space provided.

1. What drafting tool is used to reproduce the measurements of an object to any size?
a. compass b. triangle c. triangular scale d. T-square

2. Which of the following is the most popular type of measuring tool, usually 6 or 12
inches in length?
a. protractor b. triangle c. T-square d. ruler

3. What type of drafting tool is used to reproduce, reduce, or enlarge the dimension or
size on a drawing?
a. compass b. triangle c. triangular scale d. T-square

4.What is the answer in a scale of 1cm: 20 meters, 5 meters is equivalent to?

a. 0.20 cm. b. 0.15 cm. c. 0.25 cm. d. 0.10 cm.

5. What is the degree of a half-moon protractor?

a. 180 b.270 c.310 d.360

6. Why is it needed that traditional drafters need to create several different line
widths?
a. different line widths convey different information
b. it makes no difference
c. they seem to transmit better in the fax machine
d. the line width has to do with how dark it appears in the finished drawing

7. What drafting tool is used for measuring horizontal lines?

a. compass b. triangle c. triangular scale d. T-square

8. What measuring tool is used as a guide in drawing horizontal lines and in

measuring up to 48” straight line most important measuring tool which is used as a
guide in drawing horizontal lines and in measuring up to 48” straight line?
a. compass b. triangle c. triangular scale d. T-square

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9. Which measuring tool helps layout circles, arcs, radii, and parts of many
symbols with measurement in any drawing description?
a. compass b.triangle c. triangular scale d. T-square

10. What learning area is the most essential concept in technical drafting?
a. Measurement b. Science c. Logistics d. Time

Assessment activity: (15 pts.)

Answer the following questions as you refer to the print shown for assessment:
1. Give a sample of the overall dimensions of the part.
2. How many data feature of views is found on this print?
3. Freehand draw the top view, front view, and side view of the orthographic
projection on the given boxes below.

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Plate No. 1

Procedure:
Draft the given figure below in a graphing paper using the scale of a 1:5 ratio grid from
the original drawing. Make sure to use appropriate drafting measuring tools to finish
the activity.

Materials to be used:
Graphing paper
Pencil
Ruler
Triangle
T-square

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Activity Plate No.1

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Plate No.2
Procedure:
Produce the drafting specifications below with your measurements and calculation.
Materials to be used:

Graphing paper
Pencil
Ruler
Triangle
T-square

Front

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Activity Plate No.2

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Book resources:
Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics 14/e
Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman

Online resources:
Definitions and discussion of f=drafting measuring tools and equipment:
http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/10/tg_in_mechanical_drafting.pdf
https://www.techpopop.com/2013/06/industrial-arts-grade-7-8-mechanical.html
https://www.google.com/search?q=technical+drafting+tools&rlz=1C1CHFX_enUS575US754&
oq=technical+drafting+tools&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l7.9652j0j7&sou
https://www.slideshare.net/teppxcrown98/drafting-materials-and-tools-its-usesfunctions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C02iScW9NY0
https://leadesign.com.au/architect/reading-architectural-drawings-101-part-b/

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 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Mary Grace V. Olivar (SRNHS)

Editors:
Belinda Ll. Ulep (SRNHS)
Uriel B. Teodoro (School Head, SNNHS)

Internal Reviewer: Joseph T. Santos (EPS- EPP/TLE)

External Reviewers: PNU Validators
Layout Artist: Maricel M. Fajardo (FHS)

Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Joseph T. Santos
Education Program Supervisor-EPP/TLE

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – Learning Resources Management and Development System

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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