CHAPTER 2 - Invention of vertical windmills, spectacles,

ANCIENT PERIOD (3,500 BC – 500 AD) mechanical clocks, water mills, building
techniques, Gothic style, three-field crop
- Evolved from hominid
rotation
Europe - Johannes Guttenberg, printing press, 300
- Homo erectus, fire years, 250 sheets
- Spain & Saharan Africa, wooden bow and RENAISSANCE PERIOD (14th – 17th Century)
arrow; Southern Europe, sewing needles
- Period of rebirth as age of preparation for
- Minoans, build palaces in Crete
the 17th scientific development and
- Greece, ironworking
achievements
- Etruscan, make false teeth
- Technology of printing books and other
The Americas documents
- North Americans, stone arrowheads - Printing with movable type
- South America, pottery - China, wood printing, paper making
- Arctic, flint tools - New printer’s ink from Flemish oil painting
- Peruvians, long canal for irrigation - Nicolaus Copernicus, polish
- Peru, rafts and boats from reeds mathematician, Heliocentric, sun is the
- Olmec, figurines human heads center of the solar system
ASIA & OCEANIA - Galileo Galilei, improved the telescope,
- Japan, clay pots discovered new celestial bodies,
- Iran, wine conducted motion experiments on
- Thailand, first bronze pendulums and falling objects
- China & Mesopotamia, plow INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (18th Century)
- China, lunar calendar - Phenomenal process in the transfer of
- Pakistan, clay pots doing work by human needs and feet to
- China, acupuncture, sighting of a comet, the use of machines
record a solar eclipse, writing on bamboo, - James Watt, Scottish, improved steam
natural gas for lighting engine
- India, Hindu calendar of 360 days - Henry Maudslay & Joseph Whitworth,
AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST develop and refinement of machine tools
- Homo erectus, uses stone tools, chipping - Robert Fulton, steamboat
flakes off stones, uses antlers for cutting - Thomas Edison, light bulb
and digging - Alexander Graham Bell, telephone
- Africa, bone harpoons - George Stephenson, first steam-powered
- Palestine, build houses from sun-dried locomotive
bricks 19th Century
- Mesopotamia, clay tokens for record - Rise of modern industry, from agriculture
keeping to industrial manufacturing and
- Turkey (Anatolia), Catal Huyuk, first technology-intensive services
known city - Invention useable electricity, steel, and
- Egypt, 365-day calendar petroleum products
- Mesopotamia, wheel, glass, maps, - Age of machine tools
Pythagorean theorem - John Dalton, published atomic theory,
- Egypt, hieroglyphics, pyramids studies color blindness
- Babylonia, positional number system - Dmitri Mendeleev, Periodic table
- Syria & Babylon, medicine - Hermann von Helmholtz, formulated the
- Egypt, 700 drugs and medications, Law of Conservation of Energy, invented
symptoms of leprosy, dig a canal to join ophthalmoscope
Nile River to the Red Sea - Physics made great strides
- Phoenicians, alphabet - James Clerk Maxwell, showed that light is
- Mesopotamia, dig irrigation for crops an electromagnetic wave, proved Heinrich
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (CA 500-1500) (Dark Ages) Hertz
- Charlemagne, established a scholastic - Henri Becquerel, discovered radioactivity
tradition - Marie Curie & Pierre Curie, discovered
radium
 - Joseph Thomson, discovered electron - Established PAGASA
- People mastered electricity - National Academy of Science and
- Hans Christian Oersted, discovered that Technology
electric current in a wire caused a needle
to move
CHAPTER 4
- Michael Faraday, magnet can produce
electricity The Age of Enlightenment (18th Century)
- Samuel F.B. Morse, electric telegraph - Many writers and thinkers began to
- Railways revolutionized travelling question established beliefs
- Steam locomotives pulled the carriages Copernican Revolution
- Karl Benz & Gottlieb Daimler, first cars - Aristotle, earth is spherical, earth was the
- Steamship revolutionized travelling at sea center of the universe
- Sirius, steamship, made journey across - Aristarchus, first to propose that the Sun
the Atlantic in 19 days was the center of the universe
20th Century - Hipparchus, greatest astronomer of
- One of the most noticeable technological ancient times, measured earth’s distance
advances and scientific discoveries to the moon, earth’s wobbling
- With the use of scientific methods and - Claudius Ptolemy, Ptolemaic System,
funding research, it helped achieve the earth as the center of the universe
advancement - Nicolaus Copernicus, Sun is the center of
- Rise of electric computing and jet engines the universe
- Mobile phones - Galileo Galilei, supported Copernican’s
- Personal Computer model
- Inter, developed microprocessor that - Johannes Kepler, Three Laws of Planetary
made computer smaller Motion
- Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, Apple Darwinian Revolution
- Internet was created, World Wide Web - Charles Robert Darwin, evolution and
- Henry Ford, cars, devising a system of natural selection
mass production for the Model T
Freudian Revolution
- Artificial Intelligence
- Sigmund Freud, explained how mind
CHAPTER 3
works and cure its mind mental illness
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF S&T IN THE - Psychoanalysis, make unconscious
PHILIPPINES conscious
Pre-Spanish Period - Topographical Model of the Mind
- 48,000 BC, stone flakes, sawing and (Conscious Mind, Preconscious Mind,
polishing stones Subconscious Mind)
- 3,000 BC, produce adzes ornament of - Structural Model of the Mind (Ego, Id,
seashells and pottery Superego)
- Iron Age, use of metals Information Age
- Caracoa, plank-built warship - Communication, act or process of using
Spanish Colonial Period words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to
- Introduced formal education, parish exchange ideas
schools were established - Alberts and Papp, The Information Age:
- The galleon trade made a big impact in An Anthology on Its Impact and
the economic growth Consequences
- Suez Canal First Modern Information Revolution
American Period & Post-Commonwealth Period - Samuel Morse, telegraph
- Bureau of Government Laboratories, study - Alexander Graham Bell, telephone
the tropical diseases - Guglielmo Marconi, feasibility of radio
- Bureau of Science, primary research communication
center Second Modern Information Revolution
- National Research Council of the - Lee DeForest, early generation computers
Philippines - Philo Taylor Farnsworth, television
Marcos Era
 - Sergci Korolev, artificial sattelites RAMON C. BARBA
- Claude E. Shannon, quantified - induction of flowering of mango and micro
information, bits propagation
Third Modern Information Revolution
- “Knowledge Revolution” EDGARDO D. GOMEZ
Mesoamerican Period - research and conservation efforts in
Olmecs invertebrate biology and ecology.
- Colossal heads
- Invented calendar GAVINO C. TRONO JR.
- Mother culture of Mesoamerica
- studies on the culture of seaweed; ice-ice
Mayans disease
- Shifting agriculture and raised bed farming
- Numbering system, place value, zero
Selected Indigenous Science & Technologies
- Solar calendar, 365 days and ritual
calendar, 260 days AEROGAS CATALYTIC COMBUSTOR (ACC)
Aztecs - Engr. Marinto C. Martinez
- Chinampas - fuel saver and power booster engine device
which can be practically used on all types of
Middle East (17th Century)
internal combustion engines
- From Egypt to Afghanistan
- Muhammad, messenger of God
- Islam, “submission to God” SALT (SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE
- Five pillars of Islam: Witness (Shahada), LIGHTING)
Worship (Salat), Fasting (Sawm), Tithing - Aisa Mejino
(Zakat), Pilgrimage (Hajj) - environment-friendly lamp that runs with just
- Al Idrisi, produced very accurate maps, two table spoons of salt and one glass of tap
with continents, mountains, rivers & cities water.
- Invented symbols, unknown quantity
- Zero and decimal system
- Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi, SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE
introduced algebra - Atoy Llave
- Avicenna, wrote an encyclopedia of - it can travel both on land and in water
medical knowledge
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 5 THE HUMAN PERSON FLOURISHING IN
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND NATION TERMS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
BUILDING
Selected Views on Technology
Pillars of Development ARISTOTELIANISM
-Malasakit. Regain people’s trust - Technology will be judged as either good or
-Pagbabago. Inequality-reducing transformation bad based on the value given to the product
-Kaunlaran. Increasing potential growth based on its use and effect to the society.

National Scientist TECHNOLOGICAL PESSIMISM

ANGEL C. ALCALA - Technology is beneficial in many ways but can
- research on ecology and diversity of also be harmful in many ways.
amphibians and reptiles, marine biodiversity and
conservation of marine protected areas TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIMISM
- Technological optimism believes that
technology is the answer to all man’s problems.
 - We can’t turn to science for an answer
EXISTENTIALISM because science identified human with
varied opinion and limited evidence.
- This view basically investigate the meaning of
- Biologists aren’t equipped to tell us
existence or being and is always faced with the
whether an organism, is a human
selection must make with which the existent will
organism because “human” is a folk-
commit himself to.
category rather a scientific one.”
Blakemore and Greenfield
MARTIN HEIDEGGER (1889-1896)
- The possession of intellect distinguishes a
- German philosopher human being from another creature.
- examined the two usual definitions of Heidegger
technology: means to an end and a human
- More valid question, “What is the meaning
activity - it does not bring out the real essence of
of being?”
technology
- “dasein”, “being there”
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN FLOURISHING
Aristotle’s Four Causes
Aristotle’s viewpoint
1. Causa Materialis or Material Cause - the
- Happiness is the highest desire and
material which was made of
ambition of all human beings.
2. Causa Formalis or Formal Cause - the form - Eudaimonia – “eu”, “good”, “daemon”,
or shape that give its image “spirit” – the state of having good
3. Causa Finalis or Final Cause - the purpose or indwelling spirit; a good genius” ; being in
primary use by which was made for a contented state of being healthy, happy
4. Causa Efficiens or Efficient Cause - the agent and prosperous
or person that has caused to come about Epicurus’ Viewpoint
- Balance and temperance were created
Bringing forth - termed as poiesis; it is bringing space for happiness
something concealed to unconcealment - Not more on how happiness can be
defined, but more on about the real source
The Mode of Revealing in Modern Technology to experience it.
- Challenging nature Nietzsche’s Viewpoint
- Non-stop revealing - Happiness is an “ideal state of laziness”,
to not have any worries or distress in life

Enframing- the setting upon which challenges

man to bring the unconcealed to unconcealment;
also shows the essence of modern technology.
Two-way relationship: Man cannot set
himself upon concealment without
unconcealment’s call and the unconcealed will
not go into unconcealment without the man
responding to its call.

The Danger of the Nonstop Revealing

- action = reaction
-

CHAPTER 7
HUMAN FLOURISHING
“What does it mean to be a human?”
Smith