N.

B: Sentence ‰Zwi Ki‡Z n‡j, evsjv ev‡K¨i †kl k‡ãi w`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e, Subject টি
Active নাকি Passive তা বুঝতে হবে এবং শেষ বর্ণটি দেখে Tense চিনতে হবে।

Verb (Active) হলে

Sub + Verb + Obj + -----------
†kl kã টি
Verb (Passive) হলে
Sub + am/is/are/was/were + V(pp) + -------

Verb নাহলে
Sub + am/is/are/was/were + -----------

শেষ বর্ণটি B, য়, G, I (present) j, †j, †jb, jvg (past) e, †e, †eb, ইব (future)

Example:
Avgiv Amnvq Verb নয়, Present We are helpless.
Avgiv †Ljvq Verb (Active), Past We won the game.
wR‡ZwQjvg
Avgv‡K av°v †`qv Verb (Passive), Past I was pushed.
n‡qwQj

Some Important Rules:

Rule 01: ev‡K¨ Since (‡h‡nZz), as (‡h‡nZz), when, though, although (hw`I), as soon as (hLbB), till,
until (hZÿY ch©šÍ bv), in case (hw`), as long as (hZÿY), A_ev relative pronoun _vK‡j------
১ম Ask (verb) ২য় Ask (verb)
Present Present
Past Past
Example:
(a) Since it is raining, he is at home.
(b) I will take an umbrella in case it rains.
(c) He acted crazy when he found me.

Rule 02: ev‡K¨ since (mgq †evSv‡j), as though/ as if (‡hb), it is time/ it is high time (Dchy³ mgq),
fancy (Kíbv Kiv), I wish/ would that (B”Qv) _vK‡j ----------
১ম Ask ২য় Ask
Present Past
Past Past perfect (had+ pp)
Example:
(a) It is many years since we met first.
(b) He talked as though he had known everything.

Rule 03: Conditional Sentence [ If/ provided/ provided that/ providing (hw`), unless (hw` bv) ]
এর ক্ষেত্রে ---------, Condition যুক্ত বাক্য এর বিপরীত পাশে সবসময় modal verb বসে।
 Condition যুক্ত বাক্য অপর অংশ
Present হলে Sub.+ will/can/may + V (pre)

Past হলে Sub. + would/ could/ might + V(pre)

Past Perfect (had+ pp) হলে Sub + would have/ could have/ might have + V(pp)

কিন্তু Condition যুক্ত sentence- এর ১ম অংশে subject না থাকলে, পরবর্তী অংশটি সবসময়
present হবে।

Example:
(a) If they join us, we will be happy.
(b) If we had called him, he would have responded.
(c) Call me if you need.

Rule 04: ev‡K¨ No sooner had, Scarcely had, Hardly had (‡h‡Z bv †h‡Z, †L‡Z bv †L‡Z,
Nygv‡Z bv Nygv‡Z BZ¨vw`) _vK‡j -------
অপর অংশ
No sooner had --------- than
Scarcely had ---------- when Subject + V(Past) + -------------
Hardly had ----------- when
Example:
(a) No sooner had we reached the station than the train left.
(b) Hardly had the teacher entered the class room when the students stood up.

Rule 05: ev‡K¨ So --- that (GZUvB ------ †h) A_ev So that/ in order that (যাহাতে) _vK‡j, cieZ©x
As‡k,
Sub + can’t/couldn’t A_ev can/could + V(pre) ----

Example:
(a) The man was so tired that he could not walk.
(b) I learn the rules of grammar so that I can solve the problems easily.
(c) The girl was so meritorious that she could answer all correctly.

Rule 06: ev‡K¨ Lest (পাছে না/ নাহলে) _vK‡j cieZ©x As‡k,
Sub + should/might + V(pre) -----

Example:
(a) Work hard lest you should fail in the exam.
(b) The old man walked slowly lest he should fall down.

Rule 07: ev‡K¨ Too ---- to _vK‡j,

Too ---- to + verb (pre) --------- sub e¨w³evPK n‡j
Too ---- to + be + verb (pp) ---- sub e¯‘evPK n‡j
Example:
(a) I am too tired to do any work.
(b) The load is too heavy to be carried.
Rule 08: ev‡K¨ Before /After _vK‡j,
Past perfect (had+ pp) before Past Indefinite
Past Indefinite after Past perfect (had+ pp)

Example:
(a) The patient died after the doctor had come.
(b) The patient had died before the doctor came.
Completing Sentence
Rule 01: ev‡K¨ Since (‡h‡nZz), as (‡h‡nZz), when, though, although (hw`I), as soon as (hLbB), till,
until (hZÿY ch©šÍ bv), in case (hw`), as long as (hZÿY), A_ev relative pronoun _vK‡j,
GKwU Ask Present n‡j Aci AskwU present n‡e
GKwU Ask Past n‡j Aci AskwU past n‡e|
Example:
(a) Since it is raining, he is at home.
(b) I will take an umbrella in case it rains.
(c) He acted crazy when he found me.

Rule 02: ev‡K¨ since (mgq †evSv‡j), as though/as if (‡hb), it is time, it is high time
(Dchy³ mgq), fancy (Kíbv Kiv), I wish/would that (B”Qv) _vK‡j, GKwU Ask
Present n‡j Aci AskwU past n‡e GKwU Ask Past n‡j Aci AskwU past
perfect (had + p.p) n‡e
Example:
(a) It is many years since we met first.
(b) He talked as though he had known everything.

Rule 03: ev‡K¨ If/provided/provided that/providing (hw`), unless (hw` bv) _vK‡j,
GKwU Ask Present n‡j Aci AskwU sub + will/can/may+verb (present)
GKwU Ask Past n‡j Aci AskwU sub+would/could/might+verb (present)
GKwU Ask Past perfect n‡j Aci AskwU sub + would have/could have + verb
(p.p)
(had + p.p) might have

N.B: wKš‘ If A_ev unless hy³ ev‡K¨ subject bv _vK‡j, cieZ©x

AskwU memgq present n‡e

Example:
(a) If they join us, we will be happy.
(b) If we had called him, he would have responded.
(c) Call me if you need.
Rule 04: ev‡K¨ No sooner had, Scarcely had, Hardly had (‡h‡Z bv †h‡Z, †L‡Z bv
†L‡Z, Nygv‡Z bv Nygv‡Z BZ¨vw`) _vK‡j

No sooner had --------- than

Scarcely had ---------- when Subject + verb (past)
+ --------
Hardly had ----------- when
Example:
(a) No sooner had we reached the station than the train left.
(b) Hardly had the teacher entered the class room when the students stood up.

Rule 05: ev‡K¨ So --- that (GZUvB ------ †h) A_ev So that/in order that (†evSv‡Z)
_vK‡j, cieZ©x As‡k
Sub + can’t/couldn’t A_ev can/could + verb(present)----

Example:
(a) The man was so tired that he could not walk.
(b) I am so busy that I can’t join you.
(c) The girl was so meritorious that she could solve the problem easily.
Rule 06: ev‡K¨ Lest _vK‡j cieZ©x As‡k
Sub + should/might + verb (present)-----

Example:
(a) Work hard lest you should fail in the exam.
(b) The old man walked slowly lest he should fall down.

Rule 07: ev‡K¨ Too ---- to _vK‡j

Too ---- to + verb (present) [sub e¨w³evPK n‡j]
Too ---- to + be + verb (pp) [sub e¯‘evPK n‡j]
Example:
(a) I am too tired to go there.
(b) The sum is too difficult to be solved.

Rule 08: ev‡K¨ Before/After _vK‡j,

Past perfect (had+pp) before Past Indefinite

Past Indefinite after Past perfect (had + pp)

Example:
(a) The patient died after the doctor had come.
(b) The patient had died before the doctor came.