MSS SP-79-2011

Socket Welding
Reducer Inserts

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Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
MSS ®
127 Park Street, NE
Vienna, Virginia 22180-4602 www.mss-hq.org
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79
This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 105 and the MSS
Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Practice is the resulting efforts of competent and experienced
volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive standard that will benefit the industry as a whole. This
MSS Standard Practice describes minimal requirements and is intended as a basis for common practice by the
manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard Practice does not in itself preclude
the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance to this
Standard Practice is established only by reference in other documents such as a code, specification, sales contract, or
public law, as applicable. MSS has no power, nor does it undertake, to enforce or certify compliance with this
document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this Standard Practice shall
not be attributable to MSS and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement.

"Unless otherwise specifically noted in this MSS Standard Practice, other standards documents
referred to herein are identified by the date of issue that was applicable to this Standard Practice
at the date of issue of this Standard Practice (see Annex A). This Standard Practice shall remain
silent on the applicability of those other standards of prior or subsequent dates of issue even
though applicable provisions may not have changed. References contained herein which are
bibliographic in nature are noted as ‘supplemental’ in the text.”

By publication of this Standard Practice, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any potential claim(s) or
of any patent rights in connection therewith. MSS shall not be held responsible for identifying any patent rights.
Users are expressly advised that determination of patent rights and the risk of infringement of such rights are entirely
their responsibility.

In this Standard Practice, all text, notes, annexes, tables, figures, and references are construed to be essential to the
understanding of the message of the standard, and are considered normative unless indicated as “supplemental”. All
appendices, if included, that appear in this document are construed as “supplemental”. Note that supplemental
information does not include mandatory requirements.

The SI (metric) units and U.S. customary units in this Standard Practice are regarded separately as the
standard; each should be used independently of the other. Combining or converting values between the two
systems may result in non-conformance with this Standard Practice.

This document has been substantively revised from the previous 2009 edition. It is suggested
that if the user is interested in knowing what changes have been made, direct page by page
comparison should be made of this document and that of the previous edition.

Non-toleranced dimensions in this Standard Practice are nominal, and, unless otherwise specified, shall be
considered “for reference only”.

Excerpts of this Standard Practice may be quoted with permission. Credit lines should read ‘Extracted from
MSS SP-79-2011 with permission of the publisher, Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and
Fittings Industry'. Reproduction and/or electronic transmission or dissemination is prohibited under
copyright convention unless written permission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of
the Valve and Fittings Industry Inc. All rights reserved.

Originally Published: March 1974

Current Edition Approved: April 2011
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Current Edition Published: October 2011

MSS is a trademark of Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Copyright ©, 2011 by
Manufacturers Standardization Society
of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

FOREWORD
This document establishes a Standard Practice for Socket Welding Reducer Inserts produced for a number of
years by various manufacturers to varying dimensions although basically similar in principle. Users should
note reducers furnished from existing stocks may have slightly different dimensions than shown in Table 3.
Table 3M has been added to this 2011 edition for (SI) metric dimensioned fittings. Other (SI) metric
dimensions and the 2010 Errata Sheet have also been incorporated into this 2011 edition.
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................................. 1
1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................. 1
3 RATINGS ................................................................................................................................................... 2
4 SIZE ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
5 MARKING ................................................................................................................................................. 2
6 MATERIAL ............................................................................................................................................... 3
7 DESIGN AND CAPABILITY ................................................................................................................... 3
8 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES ....................................................................................................... 3
9 TESTING ................................................................................................................................................... 3
10 FINISH ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
11 CORROSION PROTECTION ................................................................................................................... 3
12 CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING INSTALLATION OF SOCKET WELDED JOINTS ................. 4

TABLE

1 Fitting Sizes/Pipe Correlation .................................................................................................................... 4

2 Nominal Wall Thickness of Schedule 160 Pipe, NPS 1/4 (DN 8) and NPS 3/8 (DN 10) ............................. 4
3 Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances ............................................................ 5
3M Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances – (SI) Metric ...................................... 7

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FIGURE

1 Gap Recommendations ............................................................................................................................... 9

2 Welding Gap and Minimum Socket Wall Thickness ................................................................................. 9

ANNEX

A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates ............................................................................................ 10

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

SOCKET WELDING AND REDUCER INSERTS

PURPOSE

To provide a Standard Practice establishing 2. GENERAL

requirements for insert type fittings, which
effectively, after welded installation, creates a 2.1 Referenced Standards Standards and
socket welded reduced end fitting, such as a specifications referenced in this Standard
Tee, 90-degree Ell, Cross, 45-degree Ell, Practice are shown in Annex A, which is a
Coupling, etc. normative part of this Standard Practice. It is
not considered practical to identify the specific
1. SCOPE edition of each standard and specification in
the individual references. Instead, the specific
1.1 General This Standard Practice covers edition reference is identified in Annex A. A
ratings, dimensions, tolerances, finish, fitting made in conformance and conforming
marking and material requirements for socket to this Standard Practice in all other respects
welding reducer inserts for use with ASME will be considered to be in conformance with
B16.11, Class 3000 and 6000 socket welding this Standard Practice, even though the edition
fittings. U.S. customary unit dimensions for reference may have changed in a subsequent
these reducer inserts are shown in Table 3 and addendum to or revision of the standard.
(SI) metric dimensions are shown in Table
3M. 2.2 Codes of Regulations A fitting used
under the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler and
1.1.1 Fitting Sizes/Pipe Correlation Pressure Vessel Code, the ASME B31 Codes
Fittings covered by this Standard Practice are for Pressure Piping, or a governmental
shown in Table 1, by class, size range and regulation is subject to any limitation of that
correlation to the schedule number or wall code or regulation. This includes any
designation of pipe for calculation of ratings. maximum temperature limitation, or rule
governing the use of material at low
1.1.2 Partial Compliance Fittings Fittings temperature, or provisions for operation at a
with special dimensions and fittings made pressure exceeding the pressure ratings in this
from non-standard materials may be designed Standard Practice.
and manufactured by agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser, provided 2.3 Service Conditions Criteria for selection
they are marked in accordance with the of fitting type and materials suitable for
requirements for partial compliance fittings particular fluid service are not within the scope
of Section 5.1.1(e). of this Standard Practice.
1.1.3 Welding Except for the 2.4 Standard Units The values stated in
CAUTIONARY NOTE (see Section 12) and either U.S. customary units or (SI) metric units
the GAP RECOMMENDATIONS (see Figures are to be regarded separately as standard.
1 and 2), installation welding requirements are Within the text, the metric units are shown in
not within the scope of this Standard Practice. parentheses. The values stated in each system
Installation welding shall be done in are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
accordance with the applicable piping system system must be used independently of the
into which the fittings are to be installed. other. Combining values from the two systems
may result in non-conformance with this
Standard Practice.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

3. RATINGS The largest pipe size of the reducer insert shall

be listed first, followed by the smaller pipe size.
3.1 General These fittings shall be
designated as Class 3000 and Class 6000. 5. MARKING
3.1.1 Rating Basis The schedule of pipe 5.1 General Each fitting shall be
corresponding to each Class of fitting for rating permanently marked with the required
purposes is shown in Table 1. Design identification by stamping, electro-etching, or
temperature and other service conditions shall vibro-tool marking. Fittings shall be marked
be limited as provided by the applicable piping on the O.D., at the reduced opening end of the
code of regulation for the material of fitting, in a location such that the marking will
construction of the fitting. Within these limits not be obliterated as a result of welding
the maximum allowable pressure of a fitting installation.
shall be that computed for straight seamless
pipe of equivalent material (as shown by 5.1.1 Specific Marking The marking shall
comparison of composition and mechanical include (but not limited to) the following:
properties in the respective material
specifications). The wall thickness used in such a) Manufacturer’s Name or Trademark
computation shall be that tabulated in ASME b) Material Identification
B36.10M for the size and applicable
manufacturing tolerances and other allowances. Fittings shall be marked in accordance with
requirements of either the applicable ASTM
Any corrosion allowance and any variation in Fitting Specification(s) A234, A403, and
allowable stress due to temperature or other A420, or the appropriate ASTM Forging
design shall be applied to the pipe and the Specification(s) A105, A182, and A350.
fitting alike.
The material log or heat number traceable
3.1.2 Non-Standard Pipe Wall Thickness to the material shall be part of the material
Since ASME B36.10M does not include identification.
Schedule 160 thickness for NPS 1/4 (DN 8),
and NPS 3/8 (DN 10); the values in Table 2 c) Class Designation 3000 or 6000 as
may be used as the nominal wall thickness of applicable
the pipe for rating purposes. Alternatively, the designation 3M or 6M, as
applicable, may be used where M indicates
3.2 Pressure Test Capability Pressure
1000.
testing is not required by this Standard
Practice; however, the fitting shall be capable d) Size
of withstanding hydrostatic test pressure
required by the applicable piping code for the The nominal pipe size(s), (NPS or DN),
seamless pipe material equivalent to the fitting related to the end connections.
and of the schedule or wall thickness e) Product Conformance
correlated with fitting class.
Full compliance fittings shall be marked
4. SIZE with the symbol “SP79” to denote
conformance with this Standard Practice.
4.1 General The reducer insert size is
identified by its nominal pipe size (NPS). NPS Partial compliance fittings covered in
is related to the reference nominal diameter, Section 1.1.2 shall not be marked “SP79”
DN, used in international standards. The and if marked with an ASTM designation,
relationship is as shown in the table below: the marking shall include the number of the
applicable “Supplementary Requirement”
NPS 1/4 3/8 1/2 3/4 1 1¼ 1½ 2 2½ 3 4
(S58) for special or non-standard fittings,
DN 8 10 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 as per ASTM 960-S58.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

5.2 Omission of Markings Where size and 8.1.3 Socket Bore The inside surface of
type of fitting do not permit all of the above the socket bore shall present a workmanlike
markings, they may be omitted in the reverse finish that is free of burrs.
order given above.
8.1.4 Minimum Wall In order to provide
6. MATERIAL the required shoulder for the fillet weld, the
socket wall thickness at the welding end shall
6.1 The material for fittings shall consist of be at least 1.25 times the nominal thickness
forgings, bar, seamless pipe, or tubular of the corresponding pipe shown in Table 3
products, which conform to requirements for or Table 3M, under column heading “Wall
the melting process, and chemical composition Min C”.
requirements of the forging product form as
listed in ASME B16.34,Table 1; including U.S. customary inch tolerances are shown at
applicable notes from Table 2 or Table VII-2 the bottom of Table 3 and (SI) metric
of the aforementioned standard. tolerances at the bottom of Table 3M.

6.2 Non-Standard Materials When fittings 8.2 Additional Tolerances Tolerances in

of other materials reference this Standard addition to those listed in Table 3 or Table 3M
Practice for Non-Standard coverage, they are as follows:
shall be marked as agreed between the
manufacturer and purchaser and shall not (a) Concentricity of Bores
include the identification specified in Section The socket and fitting bores shall be
5.1.1(b) and (c) of this Standard Practice. concentric within a tolerance of 0.03
inches (0.8 mm).
7. DESIGN AND CAPABILITY
(b) Concentricity of Axes
These reducers are to be used as a reducing The maximum allowable variation in
adapter between a straight size socket weld the alignment of the fitting bore and
fitting and a smaller size pipe. By the nature of socket bore axes shall be 0.06 inches in
the part configuration, the minimum body wall 1 foot (1.5 mm in 300 mm).
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thickness at the shank end will always be

9. TESTING
greater than the nominal wall thickness of the
pipe, as established by ASME B36.10M with 9.1 Proof Testing Proof testing for fittings
which they are used. made from standard materials are not required
by this Standard Practice.
8. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES
10. FINISH
8.1 General The dimensions and tolerances
for reducer inserts capable of meeting these 10.1 Surfaces must be free of sharp burrs and
requirements are shown in Table 3 (U.S. have a workmanship like finish.
customary units) or Table 3M (SI metric
units). 11. CORROSION PROTECTION
8.1.1 Reducer ends shall be at right angles 11.1 Fittings shall be effectively protected
to the axis and provide adequate surface against corrosion. Excess oils shall be
against which to weld (see Figure 2). considered unacceptable as corrosion
protective media. Specialty protection shall be
8.1.2 Socket Depth The socket depth shall a matter of agreement between the
be no less than the minimum values shown in manufacturer and purchaser.
Table 3 or Table 3M.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

12. CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING

INSTALLATION OF SOCKET
WELDED JOINTS

12.1 To minimize the possibility of cracking

of the fillet welds, it is recommended that the
shank portion of the reducer insert be
withdrawn approximately 0.06 inches (1.5
mm) away from contact with the bottom of the
socket before starting the weld. Likewise the
pipe is to be kept away from contacting the
bottom of the reducer insert socket before
welding (see Figure 2).

12.2 To facilitate effective penetration in the

fillet weld, it is further recommended that the
Type 1 reducer insert be positioned to provide
a root standoff of a minimum of 0.12 inches
(3.0 mm), (see Figure 1).

TABLE 1
Fitting Sizes/Pipe Correlation

Class Sizes Pipe Used For Wall

Designation NPS DN Rating Purposes Designation
3
3000 /8 – 4 10 – 100 Schedule 80 XS
3
6000 /8 – 3 10 – 80 Schedule 160 —

General Note: This table is not included to restrict the use of pipe of thinner walls
with the Reducer Inserts.

TABLE 2
Nominal Wall Thickness of Schedule 160 Pipe, NPS 1/4 (DN 8) and NPS 3/8 (DN 10)

Sizes Nom. Wall Nom. Wall

NPS DN (in.) (mm)
1
/4 8 0.145 3.68
3
/8 10 0.158 4.01

4
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

TABLE 3
Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances
Dimensions are in inches
Socket Laying Wall Length
Nominal Bore
Type(a) Depth Shank Dia. Length (Min.) RL
Pipe Size Dia. D SL
(Min.) SD A C (Min.)
(NPS) B
3M 6M K 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M
3 1
/8 x /4 1 1 .565 .38 .675 .75 .84 .364 .250 .149 .181 .56 .62 – –

1
/2 x 3/8 1 1 .700 .38 .840 .81 .91 .493 .359 .158 .198 .62 .62 – –
1
x /4 1 1 .565 .38 .840 .81 .81 .364 .250 .149 .181 .62 .62 – –

3
/4 x 1/2 1 1 .865 .38 1.050 .88 1.00 .622 .464 .184 .235 .69 .75 – –
3
x /8 2 1 .700 .38 1.050 .62 .88 .493 .359 .158 .198 – .75 1.06 –
1
x /4 2 2 .565 .38 1.050 .69 .88 .364 .250 .149 .181 – – 1.06 1.26

1 x 3/4 1 1 1.075 .50 1.315 .94 1.12 .824 .612 .193 .274 .75 .81 – –
1
x /2 2 1 .865 .38 1.315 .62 1.12 .622 .464 .184 .235 – .81 1.12 –
x /8 3
2 2 .700 .38 1.315 .69 .88 .493 .359 .158 .198 – – 1.12 1.31
x /4 1
2 2 .565 .38 1.315 .75 .94 .364 .250 .149 .181 – – 1.12 1.31

1 1/4 x 1 1 1 1. 340 .50 1.660 1.00 1.19 1.049 .815 .224 .312 .81 .88 – –
3
x /4 2 2 1.075 .50 1.660 .69 .81 .824 .612 .193 .274 – – 1.25 1.37
1
x /2 2 2 .865 .38 1.660 .75 .88 .622 .464 .184 .235 – – 1.25 1.37
3
x /8 2 2 .700 .38 1.660 .81 .94 .493 .359 .158 .198 – – 1.25 1.37
1
x /4 2 2 .565 .38 1.660 .88 1.00 .364 .250 .149 .181 – – 1.25 1.37

11/2 x 11/4 1 1 1.685 .50 1.900 1.12 1.38 1.380 1.160 .239 .312 .88 1.00 – –
x1 2 1 1.340 .50 1.900 .69 1.15 1.049 .815 .224 .312 – 1.00 1.31 –
x 3/4 2 2 1.075 .50 1.900 .75 1.00 .824 .612 .193 .274 – – 1.31 1.56
x 1/2 2 2 .865 .38 1.900 .81 1.06 .622 .464 .184 .235 – – 1.31 1.56
3
x /8 2 2 .700 .38 1.900 .88 1.12 .493 .359 .158 .198 – – 1.31 1.56
Note: (a) At the option of the manufacturer, Type 2 Reducers may be furnished in Type 1 configuration. continued on next page
General Note: 3M and 6M symbols denote 3000 and 6000 Classes.

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

TABLE 3 (Continued)
Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances
Dimensions are in inches
Socket Laying Wall Length
Nominal (a) Bore
Type Depth Shank Dia. Length (Min.) RL
Pipe Size Dia. D SL
(Min.) SD A C (Min.)
(NPS) B
3M 6M K 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M
2 x 1½ 1 1 1.925 .50 2.375 1.25 1.53 1.610 1.338 .250 .351 1.00 1.13 – –
x 1¼ 2 2 1.685 .50 2.375 .81 .94 1.380 1.160 .239 .312 – – 1.50 1.62
x1 2 2 1.340 .50 2.375 .88 1.00 1.049 .815 .224 .312 – – 1.50 1.62
x 3/4 2 2 1.075 .50 2.375 .94 1.06 .824 .612 .193 .274 – – 1.50 1.62
x 1/2 2 2 .865 .38 2.375 1.00 1.12 .622 .464 .184 .235 – – 1.50 1.62

2½ x 2 1 1 2.416 .62 2.875 1.81 1.68 2.067 1.687 .273 .430 1.50 1.25 – –
x 1½ 2 2 1.925 .50 2.875 1.38 1.38 1.610 1.338 .250 .351 – – 2.12 2.12
x 1¼ 2 2 1.685 .50 2.875 1.44 1.44 1.380 1.160 .239 .312 – – 2.12 2.12
x1 2 2 1.340 .50 2.875 1.50 1.50 1.049 .815 .224 .312 – – 2.12 2.12
x 3/4 2 2 1.075 .50 2.875 1.56 1.50 .824 .612 .193 .274 – – 2.12 2.12

3 x 2½ 1 1 2.916 .62 3.500 1.50 2.25 2.469 2.125 .345 .469 1.25 1.75 – –
x2 2 2 2.416 .62 3.500 1.00 1.25 2.067 1.687 .273 .430 – – 1.87 2.12
x 1½ 2 2 1.925 .50 3.500 1.12 1.25 1.610 1.338 .250 .351 – – 1.87 2.12
x 1¼ 2 2 1.685 .50 3.500 1.19 1.25 1.380 1.160 .239 .312 – – 1.87 2.12
x1 2 2 1.340 .50 3.500 1.25 1.25 1.049 .815 .224 .312 – – 1.87 2.12

4x3 2 1 3.545 .62 4.500 1.31 – 3.068 – .375 – – – 2.38 –

x 2½ 2 2 2.916 .62 4.500 1.50 – 2.469 – .345 – – – 2.38 –
x2 2 2 2.416 .62 4.500 1.50 – 2.067 – .273 – – – 2.38 –
x 1½ 2 2 1.925 .50 4.500 1.62 – 1.610 – .250 – – – 2.38 –
x 1¼ 2 2 1.685 .50 4.500 1.69 – 1.380 – .239 – – – 2.38 –
Note: (a) At the option of the manufacturer, Type 2 Reducers may be furnished in Type 1 configurations.
General Note: 3M and 6M symbols denote 3000 and 6000 Classes. NPS 4, Class 6000 Reducer inserts are available. Dimensions on
application from manufacturer(s).
TOLERANCES
Laying Length A — Sizes 3/8 – 3/4 +0.06”/-0.00”' Shank Dia. SD — Sizes 3/8 – 1½ +0.010”/-0.010”
Sizes 1 – 2 +0.08”/-0.00” Sizes 2 – 3 +0.02”/-0.02”
Sizes 2½ – 4 +0.10”/-0.00” Size 4 +0.03”/-0.03”
Socket Dia. B — Sizes 1/4 – 2 +0.010”/-0.010” Shank Length SL — Sizes 3/8 – 3/4 +0.00”/-0.06”
Sizes 2½ – 3 +0.015”/-0.010” Sizes 1 – 2 +0.00”/-0.08”
Bore D — Sizes 1/4 – 2 +0.03”/-0.03” Sizes 2½ – 4 +0.00”/-0.10”
Sizes 2½ – 3 +0.06”/-0.06”

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

TABLE 3M
Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances – (SI) Metric
Dimensions are in millimeters
Socket Laying Wall Length
Nominal Bore
Type(a) Depth Shank Dia. Length (Min.) RL
Pipe Size Dia. D SL
(Min.) SD A C (Min.)
B
DN NPS 3M 6M K 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M
3
10 x 8 /8 x 1/4 1 1 14.4 9.5 17.1 19.0 21.3 9.2 6.3 3.78 4.60 14.2 15.7 – –

1
15 x 10 /2 x 3/8 1 1 17.8 9.5 21.3 20.6 23.1 12.5 9.1 4.01 5.03 15.7 15.7 – –
1
x8 x /4 1 1 14.4 9.5 21.3 20.6 20.6 9.2 6.3 3.78 4.60 15.7 15.7 – –

3
20 x 15 /4 x 1/2 1 1 22.0 9.5 26.7 22.4 25.4 15.8 11.7 4.67 5.97 17.5 .19.0 – –
3
x 10 x /8 2 1 17.8 9.5 26.7 15.7 22.4 12.5 9.1 4.01 5.03 – 19.0 26.9 –
1
x8 x /4 2 2 14.4 9.5 26.7 17.5 22.4 9.2 6.3 3.78 4.60 – – 26.9 32.0

25 x 20 1 x 3/4 1 1 27.4 12.5 33.4 23.9 28.4 20.9 15.5 4.90 6.96 19.0 20.6 – –
1
x 15 x /2 2 1 22.0 9.5 33.4 15.7 28.4 15.8 11.7 4.67 5.97 – 20.6 28.4 –
3
x 10 x /8 2 2 17.8 9.5 33.4 17.5 22.4 12.5 9.1 4.01 5.03 – – 28.4 33.2
1
x8 x /4 2 2 14.4 9.5 33.4 19.0 23.9 9.2 6.3 3.78 4.60 – – 28.4 33.2

32 x 25 1¼ x 1 1 1 34.1 12.5 42.2 25.4 30.2 26.6 20.7 5.69 7.92 20.6 22.4 – –
3
x 20 x /4 2 2 27.4 12.5 42.2 17.5 20.6 20.9 15.5 4.90 6.96 – – 31.7 34.7
1
x 15 x /2 2 2 22.0 9.5 42.2 19.0 22.4 15.8 11.7 4.67 5.97 – – 31.7 34.7
x 10 x 3/8 2 2 17.8 9.5 42.2 20.6 23.9 12.5 9.1 4.01 5.03 – – 31.7 34.7
1
x8 x /4 2 2 14.4 9.5 42.2 22.4 25.4 9.2 6.3 3.78 4.60 – – 31.7 34.7

40 x 32 1½ x 1¼ 1 1 42.9 12.5 48.2 28.4 35.0 35.0 29.4 6.07 7.92 22.4 25.4 – –
x 25 x1 2 1 34.1 12.5 48.2 17.5 29.2 26.6 20.7 5.69 7.92 – 25.4 33.2 –
3
x 20 x /4 2 2 27.4 12.5 48.2 19.0 25.4 20.9 15.5 4.90 6.96 – – 33.2 39.6
1
x 15 x /2 2 2 22.0 9.5 48.2 20.6 26.9 15.8 11.7 4.67 5.97 – – 33.2 39.6
3
x 10 x /8 2 2 17.8 9.5 48.2 22.4 28.4 12.5 9.1 4.01 5.03 – – 33.2 39.6
Note: (a) At the option of the manufacturer, Type 2 Reducers may be furnished in Type 1 configuration. continued on next page
General Note: 3M and 6M symbols denote 3000 and 6000 Classes.

7
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

TABLE 3M (Continued)
Steel Socket Welding Reducer Insert Dimensions and Tolerances – (SI) Metric
Dimensions are in millimeters
Socket Laying Wall Length
Nominal Bore
Type(a) Depth Shank Dia. Length (Min.) RL
Pipe Size Dia. D SL
(Min.) SD A C (Min.)
B
DN NPS 3M 6M K 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M 3M 6M
50 x 40 2 x 1½ 1 1 49.0 12.5 60.3 31.8 38.9 40.8 33.9 6.35 8.92 25.4 28.7 – –
x 32 x 1¼ 2 2 42.9 12.5 60.3 20.6 23.9 35.0 29.4 6.07 7.92 – – 38.1 41.1
x 25 x1 2 2 34.1 12.5 60.3 22.4 25.4 26.6 20.7 5.69 7.92 – – 38.1 41.1
x 20 x 3/4 2 2 27.4 12.5 60.3 23.9 26.9 20.9 15.5 4.90 6.96 – – 38.1 41.1
x 15 x 1/2 2 2 22.0 9.5 60.3 25.4 28.4 15.8 11.7 4.67 5.97 – – 38.1 41.1

65 x 50 2½ x 2 1 1 61.4 16.0 73.0 46.0 42.7 52.4 42.8 6.93 10.92 38.1 31.8 – –
x 40 x 1½ 2 2 49.0 12.5 73.0 35.0 35.0 40.8 33.9 6.35 8.92 – – 53.8 53.8
x 32 x 1¼ 2 2 42.9 12.5 73.0 36.6 36.6 35.0 29.4 6.07 7.92 – – 53.8 53.8
x 25 x1 2 2 34.1 12.5 73.0 38.1 38.1 26.6 20.7 5.69 7.92 – – 53.8 53.8
x 20 x 3 /4 2 2 27.4 12.5 73.0 39.6 38.1 20.9 15.5 4.90 6.96 – – 53.8 53.8

80 x 65 3 x 2½ 1 1 74.1 16.0 88.9 38.1 57.2 62.7 54.0 8.76 11.91 31.8 44.4 – –
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x 50 x2 2 2 61.4 16.0 88.9 25.4 31.8 52.4 42.8 6.93 10.92 – – 47.4 53.8
x 40 x 1½ 2 2 49.0 12.5 88.9 28.4 31.8 40.8 33.9 6.35 8.92 – – 47.4 53.8
x 32 x 1¼ 2 2 42.9 12.5 88.9 30.2 31.8 35.0 29.4 6.07 7.92 – – 47.4 53.8
x 25 x1 2 2 34.1 12.5 88.9 31.8 31.8 26.6 20.7 5.69 7.92 – – 47.4 53.8

100 x 80 4x3 2 1 90.0 16.0 114.3 33.3 – 77.9 – 9.52 – – – 60.4 –

x 65 x 2½ 2 2 74.1 16.0 114.3 38.1 – 62.7 – 8.76 – – – 60.4 –
x 50 x2 2 2 61.4 16.0 114.3 38.1 – 52.4 – 6.93 – – – 60.4 –
x 40 x 1½ 2 2 49.0 12.5 114.3 41.1 – 40.8 – 6.35 – – – 60.4 –
x 32 x 1¼ 2 2 42.9 12.5 114.3 42.9 – 35.0 – 6.07 – – – 60.4 –
Note: (a) At the option of the manufacturer, Type 2 Reducers may be furnished in Type 1 configuration.
General Note: 3M and 6M symbols denote 3000 and 6000 Classes. NPS 4 (DN 100), Class 6000 Reducer inserts are available. Dimensions
on application from manufacturer(s).
TOLERANCES
Laying Length A — Sizes 3/8 – 3/4 +1.5/-0.00 Shank Dia. SD — Sizes 3/8 – 1½ +0.25/-0.25
Sizes 1 – 2 +2.0/-0.00 Sizes 2 – 3 +0.50/-0.50
Sizes 2½ – 4 +2.5/-0.00 Size 4 +0.80/-0.80
Socket Dia. B — Sizes 1/4 – 1½ +0.20/-0.20 Shank Length SL — Sizes 3/8 – 3/4 +0.00/-1.50
Sizes 2 – 3 +0.30/-0.20 Sizes 1 – 2 +0.00/-2.00
Bore D — Sizes 1/4 – 2 +0.80/-0.80 Sizes 2½ – 4 +0.00/-2.50
Sizes 2½ – 3 +1.5/-1.5

8
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79
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FIGURE 1
Gap Recommendations

FIGURE 2
Welding Gap and Minimum Socket Wall Thickness

9
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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-79

ANNEX A
Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates
This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience.

Standard Name Description

ASME; ANSI/ASME
B31 Codes for Pressure Piping (including Sectional Code Standards)
B36.10M-2004 (R2010) Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B16.11-2009 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
B16.34-2009 Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding End; including Supplement (2010)
BPVC Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code

ASTM Standard Specification for:

A105/A105M-11 Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
A182/A182M-11 Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings,
and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
A234/A234M-11 Pipe Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate
and High-Temperature Service
A350/A350M-10 Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing
for Piping Components
A403/A403M-10a Wrought Austentic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
A420/A420M-10a Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for
Low-Temperature Service
A960/A960M-10 Common Requirements for Wrought Steel Piping Fittings

The following organizations appear in the above list:

ANSI American National Standards Institute

25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor
New York, NY 10036-7406

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME International)

Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990

ASTM ASTM International

100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959

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 Listing of MSS Standard Practices
TITLE
SP-6-2007 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings
SP-9-2008 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges
SP-25-2008 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges, and Unions
SP-42-2009 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends (Classes 150, 300 & 600)
SP-43-2008 Wrought and Fabricated Butt-Welding Fittings for Low Pressure, Corrosion Resistant Applications (Incl. 2010 Errata Sheet)
SP-44-2010 Steel Pipeline Flanges (incl. 2011 Errata Sheet)
SP-45-2003 (R 2008) Bypass and Drain Connections
SP-51-2007 Class 150LW Corrosion Resistant Flanges and Cast Flanged Fittings
SP-53-1999 (R 2007) Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components – Magnetic Particle
Examination Method
SP-54-1999 (R 2007) Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components – Radiographic
Examination Method
SP-55-2011 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components – Visual Method for Evaluation of
Surface Irregularities (ANSI-approved American National Standard)
SP-58-2009 Pipe Hangers and Supports – Materials, Design, Manufacture, Selection, Application, and Installation (incorporates content of SP-69, 77*, 89*, and 90*)
(ANSI-approved American National Standard)
SP-60-2004 Connecting Flange Joint between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping Valves
SP-61-2009 Pressure Testing of Valves
SP-65-2008 High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets
SP-67-2011 Butterfly Valves
SP-68-2011 High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
SP-69-2003 Pipe Hangers and Supports – Selection and Application (ANSI-approved American National Standard)
SP-70-2011 Gray Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-71-2011 Gray Iron Swing Check Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-72-2010 Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends for General Service
SP-75-2008 Specification for High-Test, Wrought, Butt-Welding Fittings
SP-78-2011 Gray Iron Plug Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-79-2011 Socket Welding Reducer Inserts
SP-80-2008 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves
SP-81-2006a Stainless Steel, Bonnetless, Flanged Knife Gate Valves
SP-83-2006 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions Socket Welding and Threaded
SP-85-2011 Gray Iron Globe & Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-86-2009 Guidelines for Metric Data in Standards for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Actuators (Incl. 2011 Errata Sheet)
SP-87-1991 (R 1996 – Reinstated 2011) Factory-Made Butt-Welding Fittings for Class I Nuclear Piping Applications
SP-88-2010 Diaphragm Valves
SP-91-2009 Guidelines for Manual Operation of Valves
SP-92-1999 MSS Valve User Guide
SP-93-2008 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components – Liquid Penetrant
Examination Method
SP-94-2008 Quality Standard for Ferritic and Martensitic Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components – Ultrasonic
Examination Method
SP-95-2006 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
SP-96-2011 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
SP-97-2006 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings – Socket Welding, Threaded, and Buttwelding Ends
SP-98-2001 (R 2005) Protective Coatings for the Interior of Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings
SP-99-2010 Instrument Valves
SP-100-2009 Qualification Requirements for Elastomer Diaphragms for Nuclear Service Diaphragm Valves
SP-101-1989 (R 2001) Part-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment – Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-102-1989 (R 2001) Multi-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment – Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-104-2003 Wrought Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-105-2010 Instrument Valves for Code Applications
SP-106-2003 Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings Class 125, 150 and 300
SP-108-2002 Resilient-Seated Cast-Iron Eccentric Plug Valves
SP-109-1997 (R 2006) Welded Fabricated Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-110-2010 Ball Valves Threaded, Socket-Welding, Solder Joint, Grooved and Flared Ends (Incl. 2010 Errata Sheet)
SP-111-2001 (R 2005) Gray-Iron and Ductile-Iron Tapping Sleeves
SP-112-2010 Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes – Visual and Tactile Method. This SP must be used with a 10-surface, three
dimensional Cast Surface Comparator, which is a necessary part of the standard. Additional Comparators available separately.
SP-113-2001 (R 2007) Connecting Joint between Tapping Machines and Tapping Valves
SP-114-2007 Corrosion Resistant Pipe Fittings Threaded and Socket Welding Class 150 and 1000 (ANSI-approved American National Standard)
SP-115-2010 Excess Flow Valves, 1¼ NPS and Smaller, for Fuel Gas Service
SP-116-2011 Service-Line Valves and Fittings for Drinking Water Systems
SP-117-2011 Bellows Seals for Globe and Gate Valves
SP-118-2007 Compact Steel Globe & Check Valves – Flanged, Flangeless, Threaded & Welding Ends (Chemical & Petroleum Refinery Service)
SP-119-2010 Factory-Made Wrought Belled End Pipe Fittings for Socket-Welding
SP-120-2011 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Valves – Design Requirements
SP-121-2006 Qualification Testing Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves
SP-122-2005 Plastic Industrial Ball Valves
SP-123-1998 (R 2006) Non-Ferrous Threaded and Solder-Joint Unions for Use with Copper Water Tube
SP-124-2001 Fabricated Tapping Sleeves
SP-125-2010 Gray Iron and Ductile Iron In-Line, Spring-Loaded, Center-Guided Check Valves
SP-126-2007 Steel In-Line Spring-Assisted Center Guided Check Valves
SP-127-2001 Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic-Wind-Dynamic Design, Selection, Application
SP-128-2006 Ductile Iron Gate Valves
SP-129-2003 (R 2007) Copper-Nickel Socket-Welding Fittings and Unions
SP-130-2003 Bellows Seals for Instrument Valves
SP-131-2010 Metallic Manually Operated Gas Distribution Valves
SP-132-2010 Compression Packing Systems for Instrument Valves
SP-133-2010 Excess Flow Valves for Low Pressure Fuel Gas Appliances
SP-134-2010 Valves for Cryogenic Service Including Requirements for Body/Bonnet Extensions
SP-135-2010 High Pressure Knife Gate Valves
SP-136-2007 Ductile Iron Swing Check Valves
SP-137-2007 Quality Standard for Positive Material Identification of Metal Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components
SP-138-2009 Quality Standard Practice for Oxygen Cleaning of Valves & Fittings
SP-139-2010 Copper Alloy Gate, Globe, Angle, and Check Valves for Low Pressure/Low Temperature Plumbing Applications
(R YEAR) Indicates year standard reaffirmed without substantive changes  Price List Available Upon Request
* SP-77, 89, and 90 have been withdrawn effective 8/23/2010; however, the contents of these “historical” SPs are now part of newly revised SP-58-2009.
MSS is an ANSI-accredited American National Standards developer. A number of former MSS Standard Practices have been adopted and published by other developers
as American National Standards. In order to maintain a single source of authoritative information, MSS has withdrawn its Standard Practices in such cases.
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Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.

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MSS SP-79-2011