Bio122 Eqps 2

Question 2 EQPS
December 2019
a. Inductive reasoning is starting from specific observations to provide a broader generalization

and theory, as an example, if I take out one red dice from a box and then a second red dice is
taken, then in theory all dice in the box are red. Deductive reasoning starts from a general
theory which is then concluded to a more specific observation. A simplified example for this
is, all plants are living things, the Aloe Vera is a plant, Aloe vera is a living thing.
b. Observation – Shrimp’s colour is different when different algae is present in water.
Question – How does the algae in water affects the colour of shrimp?
Independent variable – Type of algae present in water.
Dependant variable – Colour of shrimp.
June 2019
a. i. Observation – Is something that can be seen from the experiment.

ii. Variable – It is the factor that is subject to change, can cause an observable change in an
experiment that is being tested.
iii. Theory – It is a principle that is obtained by carrying out experiments with conclusions
that is approved by the scientific community.
iv. Inductive reasoning - starts from specific observations to provide a broader generalization
and theory.
v. Hypothesis – A hypothesis is a tentative answer or trial explanation to some question.
vi. Independent variable – The variable that is manipulated by the experimenter in order to
determine what effect they may have on the results.
b. Observation – The leaves of the plant appear closed in the night-time and opened during the
daytime.
Question – Why does the plant close and open during different time of the day?
Hypothesis – Light intensity affect the state of the plant when closing or opening.
Prediction – As light intensity decreases, the plant closes more.
December 2018
a. i. Inductive reasoning - starts from specific observations to provide a broader generalization

and theory.
ii. Qualitative data – A non-numerical data that approximates and characterizes
iii. Hypothesis - A hypothesis is a tentative answer or trial explanation to some question.
iv. Independent variable - The variable that is manipulated by the experimenter in order to
determine what effect they may have on the results.
v. Dependent variable – The variable that is measured as a result of an experiment.
vi. Controlled variable – Used as a benchmark for the experimental group to compare.
b. Observation – Rambutan tree with the badang fertilizer added in the soil grows faster.
Question – Why does the rambutan tree planted in the soil with the badang fertilizer added
grows faster?
Independent variable – Type of soil the rambutan tree is planted in.
Dependent variable – The height of the rambutan tree.
June 2018
a. Discovery based science uses inductive reasoning as the main logic. Discovery based science
begins by observing the test subject, then find the pattern involved from the observation, a
tentative hypothesis is then constructed based from the pattern, then a theory is
constructed based on the results of the experiment. The hypothetico-deductive method
means conducting the experiment using the deductive method. Deduction is the reasoning
flows from the general observation to achieve a specific conclusion. The deduction takes
form of predictions of the outcome of an experiment.
b. Hypothesis – Light energy is needed for growth of plants.
Control group – Group A.
Controlled variables – Type of plant and type of soil.
Independent variable – Exposure of plant towards light.
January 2018
a. Scientific theory – Is an explanation of some aspect of the world based on a body of facts
that have been repeatedly confirmed through observations and experiments.
Science – Is a process of inquiry that includes repeatable observations and testable
hypotheses.
Experimentation – Is a process of performing a scientific procedure.
Controlled variable – Used as a benchmark for the experimental group to compare.
Dependent variable – The variable that is measured as a result of an experiment.
Inductive reasoning – Starts from specific observations to provide a broader generalization
and theory.
b. Observation – The growth and development of the giant panda increases rapidly as they
consume more bamboo.
Question – How does the amount of bamboos given per week affects the growth and
development of the giant panda?
Independent variable – The amount of bamboo given per week.
Dependent variable – The growth and development of the giant panda.
March 2017
a. Observation – Information gathered by observing test subjects

Theory – A principle that is obtained from sharing results with the scientific community
which explains a certain phenomenon.
Independent variable – A variable that is changed by the experimenter that will affect the
end results.
b. Hypothesis – Plants planted in soil with organic compost grows faster.

Independent variable – The type of soil the plant is planted in.
Control group – Plant B
Dependant variable – The growth of the plants

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Question 2 EQPS

a. Inductive reasoning is starting from specific observations to provide a broader generalization

a. i. Observation – Is something that can be seen from the experiment.

a. i. Inductive reasoning - starts from specific observations to provide a broader generalization

a. Observation – Information gathered by observing test subjects

b. Hypothesis – Plants planted in soil with organic compost grows faster.

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