Definition of Social Problem
Definition of Social Problem
Definition of Social Problem
The concept of “social problem” can be elusive. Because we are all wrapped up in them every
day in some way, we rarely stop to think about how to define this term. Here are some points
to remember:
A social problem is essentially a condition that diminishes quality of life for many people (e.g.,
poverty, racism, a deteriorating public education system, rampant violence in our
communities). These problems cannot be attributed to one person. “We” have decided that
they require a collective social action or intervention if they are ever to be resolved effectively.
Also, there's a contradiction in the sense that there's a certain condition or pattern of behavior
that is incompatible with people's desired quality of life. There's often a big gap between the
ideal and the reality, which causes suffering on a large scale.
A social problem refers to a condition or situation that some people—and not necessarily all—
find troublesome. For example, having no job, the fear of living in a crime-ridden
neighborhood, or worrying about the effects of toxic wastes in the groundwater are all
examples of social problems because they all diminish quality of life on a large scale.
Other examples:
Poverty deprives millions of people of nutritious food, safe housing, and often robs
them of their dignity, leaving them feeling powerless. How and when did poverty
become a “social” problem? How many people have to be hungry before “society”
decides that we have a “social” problem on our hands that requires an intervention?
In the fall of 2008, when the economy collapsed, millions of Americans lost their jobs,
their homes, and their dignity. Nearly a half-million jobs were lost each month for nearly
six consecutive months in 2008-2009. At what point does unemployment become a
“social” problem? When one person is laid off? 10? 1,000? Moreover, who decides who
should solve it and how?
Terrorists are creating conditions where we are feeling less safe, and as a result, we are
losing some of the privacy we once took for granted. The fact that we are forced to go
through intense screenings at the airport is a symptom of a social problem. The actual
problem is that our way of life as free Americans is being compromised. The larger issue
is that many people feel that their quality of life is diminished as a result of the threat of
terrorism. They feel that a large scale intervention is necessary. We pay taxes to our
government because we (e.g., “society”) have collectively decided that government
should play the lead role in protecting us for foreign foes who threaten our freedom.
(By the way, social problems can be expressed as a thesis or claim based on a condition: "Youth
are becoming de-sensitized to violence through violent movies and video games. As a result,
more youth are acting out violently and getting in trouble with the law.”)
Our job, in this course, is to put these kinds of issues under a microscope and look for all the
variables that have a hand in creating and sustaining these kinds of problems. Over the course
of the semester, as we move from topic to topic, we’ll begin to see some fascinating cause and
effect relationships between issues you may have never imagined were related. And,
therefore, by addressing one of them, we are indirectly addressing others.